Microphysics of Atmospheric Phenomena

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Synopsis
This bookinvestigates elementary processes in the Earth's atmosphere involving photons, electrons,ions, radicals, and aerosols. It is based on global atmospheric models such asthe standardatmospheric model with averaged atmospheric parameters across the globe and over time,the Earth's energetic balance, and the global electric circuit that allows toanalyze fundamentalatmospheric properties to be analyzed. Rate constants of elementary processes in theEarth's atmosphere, together with measured atmospheric parameters and existing concepts ofatmospheric phenomena, are used in the analysis of global and local atmospheric processes. Atmospheric photoprocesses result from the interaction of solar radiation with theatmosphere and processes involving ions, oxygen atoms, excited atomic particlesand ozonemolecules. Atmospheric electricity as a secondary phenomenon to atmosphericwater circulationresults in a chain of processes that begins with collisions of water aerosolsin differentaggregate states. Cosmic rays are of importance for atmospheric electricity, as they createpositive and negative ions in the air. Air breakdown in an electric field of clouds inthe form of lightning may develop under the influence of cosmic ray-createdseed electrons,which are necessary for electron multiplication in ionization wave-streamers. The upperatmosphere (ionosphere) is formed under solar radiation in a vacuum ultraviolet spectrum,and absorption of this radiation leads to air photoionization. The greenhouse effect isdetermined by atmospheric water, whereas transitions between a water vapor and aerosolsmay lead to a change in atmospheric optical depth. Carbon dioxide contributes in small portions to the atmospheric greenhouse effect. Cosmic rays are of importance foratmospheric discharge, the origin of lightning and cloud formation in the firststage of aerosolgrowth. This book provides a qualitative description of atmospheric properties andphenomena based on elementary processes and simple models.
Copyright:
2016

Book Details

Book Quality:
Publisher Quality
ISBN-13:
9783319308135
Publisher:
Springer International Publishing, Cham
Date of Addition:
Copyrighted By:
Springer
Adult content:
No
Language:
English
Has Image Descriptions:
No
Categories:
Nonfiction, Earth Sciences
Submitted By:
Bookshare Staff
Usage Restrictions:
This is a copyrighted book.

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