The textbook offers a comprehensive introduction to Political Science with a focus on the Indian context. It begins by explaining the discipline's nature, scope, and significance in understanding state, government, and political behavior. The textbook defines and distinguishes the State from society, associations, and the nation, followed by clear explanations of key political concepts like sovereignty, law, liberty, equality, and rights. It examines different forms of government, including democratic, dictatorial, parliamentary, presidential, unitary, and federal systems, with special emphasis on the Indian Constitution, its historical background, and the fundamental rights and duties it enshrines. Detailed analyses of the Indian legislature, executive, and judiciary highlight their roles and functions. The textbook also covers democratic decentralization, with a focus on Panchayati Raj and urban local self-government in Karnataka, and concludes by discussing the Right to Education Act as a means to promote equality and social justice through universal education. This textbook is a valuable resource for students and anyone seeking to understand the core principles of Political Science and the Indian political system.