Micro-Credit in Modern Japan: An Alternative Financial System for Sustainable Development (Studies in Economic History)

By: Hikaru Tanaka

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Synopsis: Japanese society believes they enjoy socio-economic equality. While industrialization tends to make gap between rich and poor, most of Japanese are proud of themselves as being middle class in the first Asian industrialized country. In fact, post WW2 Japanese economic miracle made Japan rich and equalized. High personal saving ratio supported the economic development in those days as if it’s a proof of Rostow’s take-off model. Japanese saving rate had jumped high level around the beginning of 20th century, which was the time of their industrialization taking place. This book shows the savings was not only rich’s accumulation of wealth but ordinary citizen’s daily spares. The spare money helped whole nation’s economic development, especially supported relatively small farmers and self-employed workers. The personal small savings became huge funds for the basis of modern Japanese micro-credit and emergency bailout loan. Postal Savings Bank and nationwide cooperatives played the role in managing. This financial network was independent from ordinary financial system composed of private banks and securities market, and complement its function. The personal small savings funds in Japanese economy saved its society from various type of calamity and supported economic equalization as alternative financial system which acted as Not-for-Profit enterprises.