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An Essay on the Principle of Population
by Thomas Robert Malthus Geoffrey GilbertMalthus's Essay looks at the perennial tendency of humans to outstrip their resources: reproduction always exceeds food production. Today Malthus remains a byword for concern about man's demographic and ecological prospects.
Probabilistic Models of Cosmic Backgrounds
by Anatoliy MalyarenkoCombining research methods from various areas of mathematics and physics, Probabilistic Models of Cosmic Backgrounds describes the isotropic random sections of certain fiber bundles and their applications to creating rigorous mathematical models of both discovered and hypothetical cosmic backgrounds.Previously scattered and hard-to-find mathematical and physical theories have been assembled from numerous textbooks, monographs, and research papers, and explained from different or even unexpected points of view. This consists of both classical and newly discovered results necessary for understanding a sophisticated problem of modelling cosmic backgrounds.The book contains a comprehensive description of mathematical and physical aspects of cosmic backgrounds with a clear focus on examples and explicit calculations. Its reader will bridge the gap of misunderstanding between the specialists in various theoretical and applied areas who speak different scientific languages.The audience of the book consists of scholars, students, and professional researchers. A scholar will find basic material for starting their own research. A student will use the book as supplementary material for various courses and modules. A professional mathematician will find a description of several physical phenomena at the rigorous mathematical level. A professional physicist will discover mathematical foundations for well-known physical theories.
Tensor-Valued Random Fields for Continuum Physics (Cambridge Monographs on Mathematical Physics)
by Anatoliy Malyarenko Martin Ostoja-StarzewskiMany areas of continuum physics pose a challenge to physicists. What are the most general, admissible statistically homogeneous and isotropic tensor-valued random fields (TRFs)? Previously, only the TRFs of rank 0 were completely described. This book assembles a complete description of such fields in terms of one- and two-point correlation functions for tensors of ranks 1 through 4. Working from the standpoint of invariance of physical laws with respect to the choice of a coordinate system, spatial domain representations, as well as their wavenumber domain counterparts are rigorously given in full detail. The book also discusses, an introduction to a range of continuum theories requiring TRFs, an introduction to mathematical theories necessary for the description of homogeneous and isotropic TRFs, and a range of applications including a strategy for simulation of TRFs, ergodic TRFs, scaling laws of stochastic constitutive responses, and applications to stochastic partial differential equations. It is invaluable for mathematicians looking to solve problems of continuum physics, and for physicists aiming to enrich their knowledge of the relevant mathematical tools.
Random Fields of Piezoelectricity and Piezomagnetism: Correlation Structures (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Anatoliy Malyarenko Martin Ostoja-Starzewski Amirhossein Amiri-HezavehRandom fields are a necessity when formulating stochastic continuum theories. In this book, a theory of random piezoelectric and piezomagnetic materials is developed. First, elements of the continuum mechanics of electromagnetic solids are presented. Then the relevant linear governing equations are introduced, written in terms of either a displacement approach or a stress approach, along with linear variational principles. On this basis, a statistical description of second-order (statistically) homogeneous and isotropic rank-3 tensor-valued random fields is given. With a group-theoretic foundation, correlation functions and their spectral counterparts are obtained in terms of stochastic integrals with respect to certain random measures for the fields that belong to orthotropic, tetragonal, and cubic crystal systems. The target audience will primarily comprise researchers and graduate students in theoretical mechanics, statistical physics, and probability.
Parallel Computing Technologies: 17th International Conference, PaCT 2023, Astana, Kazakhstan, August 21–25, 2023, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14098)
by Victor MalyshkinThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Parallel Computing Technologies, PaCT 2023, held in Astana, Kazakhstan, during August 21-25, 2023. The 15 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 23 submissions. They were organized in topical sections as follows: automatic programming and program tuning; frameworks and services; algorithms; and distributed systems management.
Data Modeling of Financial Derivatives: A Conceptual Approach
by Robert MamayevWritten in plain English and based on successful client engagements, Data Modeling of Financial Derivatives: A Conceptual Approach introduces new and veteran data modelers, financial analysts, and IT professionals to the fascinating world of financial derivatives. Covering futures, forwards, options, swaps, and forward rate agreements, finance and modeling expert Robert Mamayev shows you step-by-step how to structure and describe financial data using advanced data modeling techniques. The book introduces IT professionals, in particular, to various financial and data modeling concepts that they may not have seen before, giving them greater proficiency in the financial language of derivatives--and greater ability to communicate with financial analysts without fear or hesitation. Such knowledge will be especially useful to those looking to pick up the necessary skills to become productive right away working in the financial sector. Financial analysts reading this book will come to grips with various data modeling concepts and therefore be in better position to explain the underlying business to their IT audience. Data Modeling of Financial Derivatives--which presumes no advanced knowledge of derivatives or data modeling--will help you: Learn the best entity-relationship modeling method out there--Barker's CASE methodology--and its application in the financial industry Understand how to identify and creatively reuse data modeling patterns Gain an understanding of financial derivatives and their various applications Learn how to model derivatives contracts and understand the reasoning behind certain design decisions Resolve derivatives data modeling complexities parsimoniously so that your clients can understand them intuitively Packed with numerous examples, diagrams, and techniques, this book will enable you to recognize the various design patterns that you are most likely to encounter in your professional career and apply them successfully in practice. Anyone working with financial models will find it an invaluable tool and career booster. What you'll learn You will learn how to: Recognize and identify financial derivatives Reuse data modeling patterns and apply them to create something new Data model simple and complex options Data model SWAPS Data model futures and forward contracts Who this book is for Data modelers, financial analysts, IT professionals, and anyone with an interest in data modeling and business analysis. Table of Contents Introduction Notation Financial Contracts Primer Modeling Forward Contracts Modeling Futures Contracts Modeling Options Advanced Options Modeling - Designing Trading Strategies Swaps and Forward Rate Agreements (FRAs) Finishing Thoughts
Particles in the Dark Universe: A Student’s Guide to Particle Physics and Cosmology
by Yann MambriniThis book provides a comprehensive and instructive coverage of particle physics in the early universe, in a logical way. It starts from the thermal history of the universe by investigating some of the main arguments such as Big Bang nucleosynthesis, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) and the inflation, before treating in details the direct and indirect detection of dark matter and then some aspects of the physics of neutrino. Following, it describes possible candidates for dark matter and its interactions.The book is targeted at theoretical physicists who deal with particle physics in the universe, dark matter detection and astrophysical constraints, and at particle physicists who are interested in models of inflation or reheating. This book offers also material for astrophysicists who work with quantum field theory computations. All that is useful to compute any physical process is included: mathematical tables, all the needed functions for the thermodynamics of early universe and Feynman rules. In light of this, this book acts as a crossroad between astrophysics, particle physics and cosmology.
Hidden Markov Models in Finance
by Rogemar S. Mamon Robert J. ElliottSince the groundbreaking research of Harry Markowitz into the application of operations research to the optimization of investment portfolios, finance has been one of the most important areas of application of operations research. The use of hidden Markov models (HMMs) has become one of the hottest areas of research for such applications to finance. This handbook offers systemic applications of different methodologies that have been used for decision making solutions to the financial problems of global markets. As the follow-up to the authors' Hidden Markov Models in Finance (2007), this offers the latest research developments and applications of HMMs to finance and other related fields. Amongst the fields of quantitative finance and actuarial science that will be covered are: interest rate theory, fixed-income instruments, currency market, annuity and insurance policies with option-embedded features, investment strategies, commodity markets, energy, high-frequency trading, credit risk, numerical algorithms, financial econometrics and operational risk. Hidden Markov Models in Finance: Further Developments and Applications, Volume II presents recent applications and case studies in finance and showcases the formulation of emerging potential applications of new research over the book's 11 chapters. This will benefit not only researchers in financial modeling, but also others in fields such as engineering, the physical sciences and social sciences. Ultimately the handbook should prove to be a valuable resource to dynamic researchers interested in taking full advantage of the power and versatility of HMMs in accurately and efficiently capturing many of the processes in the financial market.
Probability and Statistics for Particle Physics
by Carlos MañaThis book comprehensively presents the basic concepts of probability and Bayesian inference with sufficient generality to make them applicable to current problems in scientific research. The first chapter provides the fundamentals of probability theory that are essential for the analysis of random phenomena. The second chapter includes a full and pragmatic review of the Bayesian methods that constitute a natural and coherent framework with enough freedom to analyze all the information available from experimental data in a conceptually simple manner. The third chapter presents the basic Monte Carlo techniques used in scientific research, allowing a large variety of problems to be handled difficult to tackle by other procedures. The author also introduces a basic algorithm, which enables readers to simulate samples from simple distribution, and describes useful cases for researchers in particle physics.The final chapter is devoted to the basic ideas of Information Theory, which are important in the Bayesian methodology. This highly readable book is appropriate for graduate-level courses, while at the same time being useful for scientific researches in general and for physicists in particular since most of the examples are from the field of Particle Physics.
Lattice Models for Fluctuating Hydrodynamics in Granular and Active Matter (Springer Theses)
by Alessandro ManacordaThis book investigates the common nature of granular and active systems, which is rooted in their intrinsic out-of-equilibrium behavior, with the aim of finding minimal models able to reproduce and predict the complex collective behavior observed in experiments and simulations. Granular and active matter are among the most studied systems in out-of-equilibrium statistical physics. The book guides readers through the derivation of a fluctuating hydrodynamic description of granular and active matter by means of controlled and transparent mathematical assumptions made on a lattice model. It also shows how a macroscopic description can be provided from microscopic requirements, leading to the prediction of collective states such as cooling, swarming, clustering and the transitions among them. The analytical and numerical results shed new light on the physical connection between the local, microscopic properties of few particles and the macroscopic collective motion of the whole system.
Making Music with Computers: Creative Programming in Python (Chapman And Hall/crc Textbooks In Computing Ser. #13)
by Bill ManarisTeach Your Students How to Use Computing to Explore Powerful and Creative IdeasIn the twenty-first century, computers have become indispensable in music making, distribution, performance, and consumption. Making Music with Computers: Creative Programming in Python introduces important concepts and skills necessary to generate music with computers.
Elementary Mathematical and Computational Tools for Electrical and Computer Engineers Using MATLAB (Second Edition)
by Jamal T. Manassah<p>Engineers around the world depend on MATLAB for its power, usability, and outstanding graphics capabilities. Yet too often, engineering students are either left on their own to acquire the background they need to use MATLAB, or they must learn the program concurrently within an advanced course. Both of these options delay students from solving realistic design problems, especially when they do not have a text focused on applications relevant to their field and written at the appropriate level of mathematics. <p>Ideal for use as a short-course textbook and for self-study Elementary Mathematical and Computational Tools for Electrical and Computer Engineers Using MATLAB fills that gap. Accessible after just one semester of calculus, it introduces the many practical analytical and numerical tools that are essential to success both in future studies and in professional life. Sharply focused on the needs of the electrical and computer engineering communities, the text provides a wealth of relevant exercises and design problems. Changes in MATLAB's version 6.0 are included in a special addendum. <p>The lack of skills in fundamental quantitative tools can seriously impede progress in one's engineering studies or career. By working through this text, either in a lecture/lab environment or by themselves, readers will not only begin mastering MATLAB, but they will also hone their analytical and computational skills to a level that will help them to enjoy and succeed in subsequent electrical and computer engineering pursuits.</p>
Fluid Waves
by Richard ManassehThe book derives the mathematical basis for the most encountered waves in science and engineering. It gives the basis to undertake calculations required for important occupations such as maritime engineering, climate science, urban noise control, and medical diagnostics. The book initiates with fluid dynamics basis with subsequent chapters covering surface gravity waves, sound waves, internal gravity waves and waves in rotating fluids, and details basic phenomena such as refraction. Thereafter, specialized application chapters include description of specific contemporary problems. All concepts are supported by narrative examples, illustrations, and case studies. Features:- Explains the basis of wave mechanics in fluid systems. Provides tools for the analysis of water waves, sound waves, internal gravity, and rotating fluid waves through different examples. Includes comprehensible mathematical derivations at the expense of fewer theoretical topics. Reviews cases describable by linear theory and cases requiring nonlinear and wave-interaction theories. Supports concepts with narrative examples, illustrations, and case studies. This book aims at Senior Undergraduates/Graduate students and Researchers in Fluid Mechanics, Applied Mathematics, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, and Physical Oceanography.
Basic Stochastic Processes
by Raimondo Manca Jacques Janssen Pierre DevolderThis book presents basic stochastic processes, stochastic calculus including Lévy processes on one hand, and Markov and Semi Markov models on the other. From the financial point of view, essential concepts such as the Black and Scholes model, VaR indicators, actuarial evaluation, market values, fair pricing play a central role and will be presented. The authors also present basic concepts so that this series is relatively self-contained for the main audience formed by actuaries and particularly with ERM (enterprise risk management) certificates, insurance risk managers, students in Master in mathematics or economics and people involved in Solvency II for insurance companies and in Basel II and III for banks.
Fourier-Malliavin Volatility Estimation
by Maria Elvira Mancino Maria Cristina Recchioni Simona SanfeliciThis volume is a user-friendly presentation of the main theoretical properties of the Fourier-Malliavin volatility estimation, allowing the readers to experience the potential of the approach and its application in various financial settings. Readers are given examples and instruments to implement this methodology in various financial settings and applications of real-life data. A detailed bibliographic reference is included to permit an in-depth study.
Integral Expansions Related to Mehler-Fock Type Transforms
by B N Mandal Nanigopal MandalAn important class of integral expansions generated by Sturm-Liouville theory involving spherical harmonics is commonly known as Mehler-Fock integral transforms. In this book, a number of integral expansions of such type have been established rigorously. As applications, integral expansions of some simple function are also obtained.
Advances in Dual Integral Equations
by B.N. Mandal Nanigopal MandalThe effectiveness of dual integral equations for handling mixed boundary value problems has established them as an important tool for applied mathematicians. Their many applications in mathematical physics have prompted extensive research over the last 25 years, and many researchers have made significant contributions to the methodology of solving and to the applications of dual integral equations. However, until now, much of this work has been available only in the form of research papers scattered throughout different journals.In Advances in Dual Integral Equations, the authors systematically present some of the recent developments in dual integral equations involving various special functions as kernel. They examine dual integral equations with Bessel, Legendre, and trigonometric functions as kernel plus dual integral equations involving inverse Mellin transforms. These can be particularly useful in studying certain mixed boundary value problems involving homogeneous media in continuum mechanics. However, when dealing with problems involving non-homogenous media, the corresponding equations may have different kernels. This application prompts the authors to conclude with a discussion of hybrid dual integral equations-mixed kernels with generalized associated Legendre functions and mixed kernels involving Bessel functions.Researchers in the theory of elasticity, fluid dynamics, and mathematical physics will find Advances in Dual Integral Equations a concise, one-stop resource for recent work addressing special functions as kernel.
Nanoelectronics, Circuits and Communication Systems: Proceeding of NCCS 2018 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #642)
by J. K. Mandal Vijay NathThis book features selected papers presented at the Fourth International Conference on Nanoelectronics, Circuits and Communication Systems (NCCS 2018). Covering topics such as MEMS and nanoelectronics, wireless communications, optical communications, instrumentation, signal processing, the Internet of Things, image processing, bioengineering, green energy, hybrid vehicles, environmental science, weather forecasting, cloud computing, renewable energy, RFID, CMOS sensors, actuators, transducers, telemetry systems, embedded systems, and sensor network applications in mines, it offers a valuable resource for young scholars, researchers, and academics alike.
Multi-Objective Optimization: Evolutionary to Hybrid Framework
by Jyotsna K. Mandal Somnath Mukhopadhyay Paramartha DuttaThis book brings together the latest findings on efficient solutions of multi/many-objective optimization problems from the leading researchers in the field. The focus is on solving real-world optimization problems using strategies ranging from evolutionary to hybrid frameworks, and involving various computation platforms. The topics covered include solution frameworks using evolutionary to hybrid models in application areas like Analytics, Cancer Research, Traffic Management, Networks and Communications, E-Governance, Quantum Technology, Image Processing, etc. As such, the book offers a valuable resource for all postgraduate students and researchers interested in exploring solution frameworks for multi/many-objective optimization problems.
Proceedings of International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Data Science and Cloud Computing: IEM-ICDC 2021 (Algorithms for Intelligent Systems #62)
by Lopa Mandal Joao Manuel R. S. Tavares Valentina E. BalasThis book includes selected papers presented at International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Data Science,, and Cloud Computing (IEM-ICDC 2021), organized by the Department of Information Technology Institute of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India, during December 22 – 24, 2021. It covers substantial new findings about AI and robotics, image processing and NLP, cloud computing and big data analytics as well as in cyber-security, blockchain and IoT, and various allied fields. The book serves as a reference resource for researchers and practitioners in academia and industry.
Geoinformatics and Modelling of Landslide Susceptibility and Risk: An RS & GIS-based Model Building Approach in the Eastern Himalaya (Environmental Science and Engineering)
by Sujit Mandal Subrata MondalThis book discusses various statistical models and their implications for developing landslide susceptibility and risk zonation maps. It also presents a range of statistical techniques, i.e. bivariate and multivariate statistical models and machine learning models, as well as multi-criteria evaluation, pseudo-quantitative and probabilistic approaches. As such, it provides methods and techniques for RS & GIS-based models in spatial distribution for all those engaged in the preparation and development of projects, research, training courses and postgraduate studies. Further, the book offers a valuable resource for students using RS & GIS techniques in their studies.
Advances in Non Destructive Evaluation: Proceedings of NDE 2020 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Shyamsunder Mandayam Sarmishtha Palit SagarThis book comprises the proceedings of the Conference and Exhibition on Non Destructive Evaluation (NDE 2020). The contents of the volume encompass a vast spectrum from Conventional to Advanced NDE including novel methods, instrumentation, sensors, procedures, and data analytics as applied to all industry segments for quality control, periodic maintenance, life estimation, structural integrity and related areas. This book will be a useful reference for students, researchers and practitioners.
The Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data
by John MandelThe increasing importance in laboratory situations of minutely precise measurements presents the chemist and physicist with numerous problems in data analysis. National Bureau of Standards statistics consultant John Mandel here draws a clear and fascinating blueprint for a systematic science of statistical analysis -- geared to the particular needs of the physical scientist, with approach and examples aimed specifically at the statistical problems he is likely to confront. The first third of The Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data comprises a thorough grounding in the fundamental mathematical definitions, concepts, and facts underlying modern statistical theory -- math knowledge beyond basic algebra, calculus, and analytic geometry is not required. Remaining chapters deal with statistics as an interpretative tool that can enable the laboratory researcher to determine his most effective methodology. You'll find lucid, concise coverage of over 130 topics, including elements of measurement; nature of statistical analysis; design/analysis of experiments; statistics as diagnostic tool; precision and accuracy; testing statistical models; between-within classifications; two-way classifications; sampling (principles, objectives, methods); fitting of non-linear models; measurement of processes; components of variance; nested designs; the sensitivity ratio, and much more.Also included are many examples, each worked in step-by-step fashion; nearly 200 helpful figures and tables; and concluding chapter summaries followed by references for further study.Mandel argues that, when backed by an understanding of its theoretic framework, statistics offers researchers "not only a powerful tool for the interpretation of experiments but also a task of real intellectual gratification." The Statistical Analysis of Experimental Data provides the physical scientist with the explanations and models he requires to impress this invaluable tool into service.
The Fractal Geometry Of Nature
by Benoit MandelbrotExplore the wondrously complex repeating shapes of the natural world in The Fractal Geometry of Nature. Written in a style that is accessible to a wide audience, computer scientist, professor, mathematician, economist, and visionary Benoit B Mandelbrot's fascinating work has inspired popular interest in the geometry inherent in the natural world. Unlike the squares, circles, spheres, and cones of fundamental geometry, nature has rough edges and no straight lines or perfect curves. Mandelbrot observed that, even with this roughness, there still exists a kind of symmetry, which he dedicated his work to document and study. This became the basis for his development of a new kind of geometry; indeed, he coined the term "fractal."
The Fractalist
by Benoit MandelbrotA fascinating memoir from the man who revitalized visual geometry, and whose ideas about fractals have changed how we look at both the natural world and the financial world.Benoit Mandelbrot, the creator of fractal geometry, has significantly improved our understanding of, among other things, financial variability and erratic physical phenomena. In The Fractalist, Mandelbrot recounts the high points of his life with exuberance and an eloquent fluency, deepening our understanding of the evolution of his extraordinary mind. We begin with his early years: born in Warsaw in 1924 to a Lithuanian Jewish family, Mandelbrot moved with his family to Paris in the 1930s, where he was mentored by an eminent mathematician uncle. During World War II, as he stayed barely one step ahead of the Nazis until France was liberated, he studied geometry on his own and dreamed of using it to solve fresh, real-world problems. We observe his unusually broad education in Europe, and later at Caltech, Princeton, and MIT. We learn about his thirty-five-year affiliation with IBM's Thomas J. Watson Research Center and his association with Harvard and Yale. An outsider to mainstream scientific research, he managed to do what others had thought impossible: develop a new geometry that combines revelatory beauty with a radical way of unfolding formerly hidden laws governing utter roughness, turbulence, and chaos. Here is a remarkable story of both the man's life and his unparalleled contributions to science, mathematics, and the arts.