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Unit Root Tests in Time Series Volume 1: Key Concepts and Problems
by Kerry PattersonTesting for a unit root is now an essential part of time series analysis. This volume provides a critical overview and assessment of tests for a unit root in time series, developing the concepts necessary to understand the key theoretical and practical models in unit root testing.
Unit Root Tests in Time Series Volume 2
by Kerry PattersonTesting for a Unit Root is now an essential part of time series analysis but the literature on the topic is so large that knowing where to start is difficult even for the specialist. This book provides a way into the techniques of unit root testing, explaining the pitfalls and nonstandard cases, using practical examples and simulation analysis.
Univariate and Multivariate General Linear Models: Theory and Applications with SAS, Second Edition
by Kevin Kim Neil TimmReviewing the theory of the general linear model (GLM) using a general framework, Univariate and Multivariate General Linear Models: Theory and Applications with SAS, Second Edition presents analyses of simple and complex models, both univariate and multivariate, that employ data sets from a variety of disciplines, such as the social and behavioral
Univariate, Bivariate, and Multivariate Statistics Using R: Quantitative Tools for Data Analysis and Data Science
by Daniel J. DenisA practical source for performing essential statistical analyses and data management tasks in R Univariate, Bivariate, and Multivariate Statistics Using R offers a practical and very user-friendly introduction to the use of R software that covers a range of statistical methods featured in data analysis and data science. The author— a noted expert in quantitative teaching —has written a quick go-to reference for performing essential statistical analyses and data management tasks in R. Requiring only minimal prior knowledge, the book introduces concepts needed for an immediate yet clear understanding of statistical concepts essential to interpreting software output. The author explores univariate, bivariate, and multivariate statistical methods, as well as select nonparametric tests. Altogether a hands-on manual on the applied statistics and essential R computing capabilities needed to write theses, dissertations, as well as research publications. The book is comprehensive in its coverage of univariate through to multivariate procedures, while serving as a friendly and gentle introduction to R software for the newcomer. This important resource: Offers an introductory, concise guide to the computational tools that are useful for making sense out of data using R statistical software Provides a resource for students and professionals in the social, behavioral, and natural sciences Puts the emphasis on the computational tools used in the discovery of empirical patterns Features a variety of popular statistical analyses and data management tasks that can be immediately and quickly applied as needed to research projects Shows how to apply statistical analysis using R to data sets in order to get started quickly performing essential tasks in data analysis and data science Written for students, professionals, and researchers primarily in the social, behavioral, and natural sciences, Univariate, Bivariate, and Multivariate Statistics Using R offers an easy-to-use guide for performing data analysis fast, with an emphasis on drawing conclusions from empirical observations. The book can also serve as a primary or secondary textbook for courses in data analysis or data science, or others in which quantitative methods are featured.
Univariate Stable Distributions: Models for Heavy Tailed Data (Springer Series in Operations Research and Financial Engineering)
by John P. NolanThis textbook highlights the many practical uses of stable distributions, exploring the theory, numerical algorithms, and statistical methods used to work with stable laws. Because of the author’s accessible and comprehensive approach, readers will be able to understand and use these methods. Both mathematicians and non-mathematicians will find this a valuable resource for more accurately modelling and predicting large values in a number of real-world scenarios.Beginning with an introductory chapter that explains key ideas about stable laws, readers will be prepared for the more advanced topics that appear later. The following chapters present the theory of stable distributions, a wide range of applications, and statistical methods, with the final chapters focusing on regression, signal processing, and related distributions. Each chapter ends with a number of carefully chosen exercises. Links to free software are included as well, where readers can put these methods into practice.Univariate Stable Distributions is ideal for advanced undergraduate or graduate students in mathematics, as well as many other fields, such as statistics, economics, engineering, physics, and more. It will also appeal to researchers in probability theory who seek an authoritative reference on stable distributions.
Universal Algebra: Fundamentals and Selected Topics
by Clifford BergmanStarting with the most basic notions, Universal Algebra: Fundamentals and Selected Topics introduces all the key elements needed to read and understand current research in this field. Based on the author's two-semester course, the text prepares students for research work by providing a solid grounding in the fundamental constructions and concepts o
Universal Coding and Order Identification by Model Selection Methods (Springer Monographs in Mathematics)
by Élisabeth Gassiat Anna Ben-HamouThe purpose of these notes is to highlight the far-reaching connections between Information Theory and Statistics. Universal coding and adaptive compression are indeed closely related to statistical inference concerning processes and using maximum likelihood or Bayesian methods. The book is divided into four chapters, the first of which introduces readers to lossless coding, provides an intrinsic lower bound on the codeword length in terms of Shannon’s entropy, and presents some coding methods that can achieve this lower bound, provided the source distribution is known. In turn, Chapter 2 addresses universal coding on finite alphabets, and seeks to find coding procedures that can achieve the optimal compression rate, regardless of the source distribution. It also quantifies the speed of convergence of the compression rate to the source entropy rate. These powerful results do not extend to infinite alphabets. In Chapter 3, it is shown that there are no universal codes over the class of stationary ergodic sources over a countable alphabet. This negative result prompts at least two different approaches: the introduction of smaller sub-classes of sources known as envelope classes, over which adaptive coding may be feasible, and the redefinition of the performance criterion by focusing on compressing the message pattern. Finally, Chapter 4 deals with the question of order identification in statistics. This question belongs to the class of model selection problems and arises in various practical situations in which the goal is to identify an integer characterizing the model: the length of dependency for a Markov chain, number of hidden states for a hidden Markov chain, and number of populations for a population mixture. The coding ideas and techniques developed in previous chapters allow us to obtain new results in this area. This book is accessible to anyone with a graduate level in Mathematics, and will appeal to information theoreticians and mathematical statisticians alike. Except for Chapter 4, all proofs are detailed and all tools needed to understand the text are reviewed.
The Universal Computer: The Road from Leibniz to Turing, Third Edition
by Martin DavisThe breathtakingly rapid pace of change in computing makes it easy to overlook the pioneers who began it all. The Universal Computer: The Road from Leibniz to Turing explores the fascinating lives, ideas, and discoveries of seven remarkable mathematicians. It tells the stories of the unsung heroes of the computer age – the logicians.
A Universal Construction for Groups Acting Freely on Real Trees
by Ian Chiswell Thomas MüllerThe theory of R-trees is a well-established and important area of geometric group theory and in this book the authors introduce a construction that provides a new perspective on group actions on R-trees. They construct a group RF(G), equipped with an action on an R-tree, whose elements are certain functions from a compact real interval to the group G. They also study the structure of RF(G), including a detailed description of centralizers of elements and an investigation of its subgroups and quotients. Any group acting freely on an R-tree embeds in RF(G) for some choice of G. Much remains to be done to understand RF(G), and the extensive list of open problems included in an appendix could potentially lead to new methods for investigating group actions on R-trees, particularly free actions. This book will interest all geometric group theorists and model theorists whose research involves R-trees.
Universal Logic, Ethics, and Truth: Essays in Honor of John Corcoran (1937-2021) (Studies in Universal Logic)
by Jean-Yves Béziau Timothy J. MadiganJohn Corcoran was a very well-known logician who worked on several areas of logic. He produced decisive works giving a better understanding of two major figures in the history of logic, Aristotle and Boole. Corcoran had a close association with Alfred Tarski, a prominent 20th-century logician. This collaboration manifested in Corcoran's substantial introduction to Tarski's seminal book, Logic, Semantics, Metamathematics (1956). Additionally, Corcoran's posthumous editorial involvement in 'What are logical notions?' (1986) breathed new life into this seminal paper authored by Tarski. His scholarly pursuits extended to the intricate explication of fundamental concepts in modern logic, including variables, propositions, truth, consequences, and categoricity. Corcoran's academic curiosity extended further to the intersection of ethics and logic, reflecting his contemplation of their interrelation. Beyond these theoretical contributions, Corcoran was deeply engaged in the pedagogical dimensions of logic instruction. This volume serves as a compilation of articles contributed by Corcoran's students, colleagues, and international peers. By encompassing a diverse range of subjects, this collection aptly mirrors Corcoran's wide-ranging interests, offering insights that not only deepen our understanding of his work but also advance the theoretical frameworks he explored.
The Universal Machine
by Ian WatsonThe computer unlike other inventions is universal; you can use a computer for many tasks: writing, composing music, designing buildings, creating movies, inhabiting virtual worlds, communicating... This popular science history isn't just about technology but introduces the pioneers: Babbage, Turing, Apple's Wozniak and Jobs, Bill Gates, Tim Berners-Lee, Mark Zuckerberg. This story is about people and the changes computers have caused. In the future ubiquitous computing, AI, quantum and molecular computing could even make us immortal. The computer has been a radical invention. In less than a single human life computers are transforming economies and societies like no human invention before.
The Universe and the Teacup: The Mathematics of Truth and Beauty
by K. C. ColeFrom the acclaimed Los Angeles Times science writer, a wise, witty, and elegant study of how math provides practical solutions to everyday problems. Are the secrets of the universe written in words—or is it all about the digits? K.C. Cole follows up her paean to the power of physics, Sympathetic Vibrations, with this engaging and accessible guide to the might and majesty of mathematics. The Universe and the Teacup uses relatable examples, humorous prose, and whimsical line drawings to demonstrate math&’s ability to &“translate the complexity of the world into manageable patterns.&” Cole shows how mathematical concepts illuminate everything from human risk-taking behavior to astronomical investigation, game theory to logic problems—not to mention the very structure of the universe itself. Brimming with trivia stressing the importance of math throughout history, this is a book both math nerds and the &“innumerate&” everyday person can enjoy in equal measure. &“Cole writes clearly, simply and vividly,&” noted The New York Times. &“She so obviously likes mathematics, the reader can't help liking it too.&” Filled with &“a thousand fascinating facts and shrewd observations (Martin Gardner, Los Angeles Times), this book demonstrates how the truth and beauty of everything, from relativity to rainbows, is all in the numbers.
The Universe in a Box: Simulations and the Quest to Code the Cosmos
by Andrew PontzenScientists are using simulations to recreate the universe, revealing the hidden nature of reality.Cosmology is a tricky science—no one can make their own stars, planets, or galaxies to test its theories. But over the last few decades a new kind of physics has emerged to fill the gap between theory and experimentation. Harnessing the power of modern supercomputers, cosmologists have built simulations that offer profound insights into the deep history of our universe, allowing centuries-old ideas to be tested for the first time. Today, physicists are translating their ideas and equations into code, finding that there is just as much to be learned from computers as experiments in laboratories. In The Universe in a Box, cosmologist Andrew Pontzen explains how physicists model the universe&’s most exotic phenomena, from black holes and colliding galaxies to dark matter and quantum entanglement, enabling them to study the evolution of virtual worlds and to shed new light on our reality. But simulations don&’t just allow experimentation with the cosmos; they are also essential to myriad disciplines like weather forecasting, epidemiology, neuroscience, financial planning, airplane design, and special effects for summer blockbusters. Crafting these simulations involves tough compromises and expert knowledge. Simulation is itself a whole new branch of science, one that we are only just beginning to appreciate and understand. The story of simulations is the thrilling history of how we arrived at our current knowledge of the world around us, and it provides a sneak peek at what we may discover next.
The Universe in the Rearview Mirror
by Dave GoldbergA physicist speeds across space, time and everything in between showing that our elegant universe--from the Higgs boson to antimatter to the most massive group of galaxies--is shaped by hidden symmetries that have driven all our recent discoveries about the universe and all the ones to come. Why is the sky dark at night? Is it possible to build a shrink-ray gun? If there is antimatter, can there be antipeople? Why are past, present, and future our only options? Are time and space like a butterfly's wings? No one but Dave Goldberg, the coolest nerd physicist on the planet, could give a hyper drive tour of the universe like this one. Not only does he answer the questions your stoner friends came up with in college, but he also reveals the most profound discoveries of physics with infectious, Carl Sagan-like enthusiasm and accessibility. Goldberg's narrative is populated with giants from the history of physics, and the biggest turns out to be an unsung genius and Nazi holocaust escapee named Emmy Noether--the other Einstein. She was unrecognized, even unpaid, throughout most of her career simply because she was a woman. Nevertheless, her theorem relating conservation laws to symmetries is widely regarded to be as important as Einstein's notion of the speed of light. Einstein himself said she was "the most significant creative mathematical genius thus far produced since the higher education of women began." Symmetry is the unsung great idea behind all the big physics of the last one hundred years--and what lies ahead. In this book, Goldberg makes mindbending science not just comprehensible but gripping. Fasten your seat belt.
The Universe in Zero Words
by Dana MackenzieMost popular books about science, and even about mathematics, tiptoe around equations as if they were something to be hidden from the reader's tender eyes. Dana Mackenzie starts from the opposite premise: He celebrates equations. No history of art would be complete without pictures. Why, then, should a history of mathematics--the universal language of science--keep the masterpieces of the subject hidden behind a veil?The Universe in Zero Words tells the history of twenty-four great and beautiful equations that have shaped mathematics, science, and society--from the elementary (1+1=2) to the sophisticated (the Black-Scholes formula for financial derivatives), and from the famous (E=mc2) to the arcane (Hamilton's quaternion equations). Mackenzie, who has been called "a popular-science ace" by Booklist magazine, lucidly explains what each equation means, who discovered it (and how), and how it has affected our lives.Illustrated in color throughout, the book tells the human and often-surprising stories behind the invention or discovery of the equations, from how a bad cigar changed the course of quantum mechanics to why whales (if they could communicate with us) would teach us a totally different concept of geometry. At the same time, the book shows why these equations have something timeless to say about the universe, and how they do it with an economy (zero words) that no other form of human expression can match.The Universe in Zero Words is the ultimate introduction and guide to equations that have changed the world.
The Universe Speaks in Numbers: How Modern Math Reveals Nature's Deepest Secrets
by Graham FarmeloHow math helps us solve the universe's deepest mysteries One of the great insights of science is that the universe has an underlying order. The supreme goal of physicists is to understand this order through laws that describe the behavior of the most basic particles and the forces between them. For centuries, we have searched for these laws by studying the results of experiments. Since the 1970s, however, experiments at the world's most powerful atom-smashers have offered few new clues. So some of the world's leading physicists have looked to a different source of insight: modern mathematics. These physicists are sometimes accused of doing 'fairy-tale physics', unrelated to the real world. But in The Universe Speaks in Numbers, award-winning science writer and biographer Farmelo argues that the physics they are doing is based squarely on the well-established principles of quantum theory and relativity, and part of a tradition dating back to Isaac Newton. With unprecedented access to some of the world's greatest scientific minds, Farmelo offers a vivid, behind-the-scenes account of the blossoming relationship between mathematics and physics and the research that could revolutionize our understanding of reality. A masterful account of the some of the most groundbreaking ideas in physics in the past four decades. The Universe Speaks in Numbers is essential reading for anyone interested in the quest to discover the fundamental laws of nature.
University Calculus: Early Transcendentals
by George Thomas Przemyslaw Bogacki Joel Hass Christopher Heil Maurice WeirUniversity Calculus: Early Transcendentals, Multivariable helps students generalize and apply the key ideas of calculus through clear and precise explanations, thoughtfully chosen examples, meticulously crafted figures, and superior exercise sets. This text offers the right mix of basic, conceptual, and challenging exercises, along with meaningful applications. In the 4th Edition, new co-authors Chris Heil (Georgia Institute of Technology) and Przemyslaw Bogacki (Old Dominion University) partner with author Joel Hass to preserve the text's time-tested features while revisiting every word, figure, and MyLab(TM) question with today's students in mind.
University of Toronto Mathematics Competition (2001-2015)
by Edward J. BarbeauThis text records the problems given for thefirst 15 annual undergraduate mathematics competitions, held in March each yearsince 2001 at the University of Toronto. Problems cover areas ofsingle-variable differential and integral calculus, linear algebra, advancedalgebra, analytic geometry, combinatorics, basic group theory, and numbertheory. The problems of the competitions are given in chronological order aspresented to the students. The solutions appear in subsequent chaptersaccording to subject matter. Appendices recall some background material andlist the names of students who did well. The University of TorontoUndergraduate Competition was founded to provide additional competition experience forundergraduates preparing for the Putnamcompetition, and is particularly useful for the freshman or sophomore undergraduate. Lecturers, instructors,and coaches for mathematics competitions will find this presentation useful. Many of the problems are of intermediatedifficulty and relate to the first two years of the undergraduatecurriculum. The problems presented may beparticularly useful for regular class assignments. Moreover, this text contains problems that lie outside the regular syllabus and may interest studentswho are eager to learn beyond the classroom.
University Performance Before and During Economic Crises: An Analysis of Graduate Characteristics (UNIPA Springer Series)
by Rosalinda Allegro Ornella GiambalvoThis book briefly analyzes the performance of selected Italian universities during a pre-crisis period and an economic crisis period, on the basis of graduate characteristics and graduate placement statistics. The Electre model is used to produce eighteen university rankings according to three different scenarios (Neutral, University, and Job), three different roles ascribed to the key criteria (overeducation and mismatching), and two years corresponding to two postgraduation placement sampling surveys carried out in a pre-crisis period (2006) and during a crisis period (2011). The eighteen rankings are based on Economics/Statistics and Political & Social Sciences graduates. The rankings vary according to both the scenarios considered and graduate characteristics. Some differences are noted between the two fields of study. The book will be of interest for statisticians interested in evaluation issues, policymakers concerned with university comparisons and rankings, and future students and graduates wishing to make the best choice when selecting their university course. In addition, the new methodology adopted will be relevant for scholars in Statistics and Engineering.
University Physics: Volume 3
by Hugh D. Young Roger A. Freedman A. Lewis FordUniversity Physics Volume 3 (Chapters 37-44 only), 13/e continues to set the benchmark for clarity and rigor combined with effective teaching and research-based innovation. University Physics is known for its uniquely broad, deep, and thoughtful set of worked examples--key tools for developing both physical understanding and problem-solving skills. The Thirteenth Edition revises all the Examples and Problem-Solving Strategies to be more concise and direct while maintaining the Twelfth Edition's consistent, structured approach and strong focus on modeling as well as math. To help students tackle challenging as well as routine problems, the Thirteenth Edition adds Bridging Problems to each chapter, which pose a difficult, multiconcept problem and provide a skeleton solution guide in the form of questions and hints. The text's rich problem sets--developed and refined over six decades--are upgraded to include larger numbers of problems that are biomedically oriented or require calculus.
University Physics Volume 1
by Samuel J. Ling Jeff Sanny William MoebsUniversity Physics is a three-volume collection that meets the scope and sequence requirements for two- and three-semester calculus-based physics courses. Volume 1 covers mechanics, sound, oscillations, and waves. Volume 2 covers thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, and Volume 3 covers optics and modern physics. This textbook emphasizes connections between theory and application, making physics concepts interesting and accessible to students while maintaining the mathematical rigor inherent in the subject. Frequent, strong examples focus on how to approach a problem, how to work with the equations, and how to check and generalize the result.
University Physics Volume 2: Atoms First
by Samuel J. Ling Jeff Sanny William MoebbsUniversity Physics is a three-volume collection that meets the scope and sequence requirements for two- and three-semester calculus-based physics courses. Volume 1 covers mechanics, sound, oscillations, and waves. Volume 2 covers thermodynamics, electricity and magnetism, and Volume 3 covers optics and modern physics. This textbook emphasizes connections between theory and application, making physics concepts interesting and accessible to students while maintaining the mathematical rigor inherent in the subject. Frequent, strong examples focus on how to approach a problem, how to work with the equations, and how to check and generalize the result.
UNIX: The Textbook, Third Edition
by Syed Mansoor Sarwar Robert M. KoretskyUNIX: The Textbook, Third Edition provides a comprehensive introduction to the modern, twenty-first-century UNIX operating system. The book deploys PC-BSD and Solaris, representative systems of the major branches of the UNIX family, to illustrate the key concepts. It covers many topics not covered in older, more traditional textbook approaches, such as Python, UNIX System Programming from basics to socket-based network programming using the client-server paradigm, the Zettabyte File System (ZFS), and the highly developed X Windows-based KDE and Gnome GUI desktop environments. The third edition has been fully updated and expanded, with extensive revisions throughout. It features a new tutorial chapter on the Python programming language and its use in UNIX, as well as a complete tutorial on the git command with Github. It includes four new chapters on UNIX system programming and the UNIX API, which describe the use of the UNIX system call interface for file processing, process management, signal handling, interprocess communication (using pipes, FIFOs, and sockets), extensive coverage of internetworking with UNIX TCP/IP using the client-server software, and considerations for the design and implementation of production-quality client-server software using iterative and concurrent servers. It also includes new chapters on UNIX system administration, ZFS, and container virtualization methodologies using iocage, Solaris Jails, and VirtualBox. Utilizing the authors’ almost 65 years of practical teaching experience at the college level, this textbook presents well-thought-out sequencing of old and new topics, well-developed and timely lessons, a Github site containing all of the code in the book plus exercise solutions, and homework exercises/problems synchronized with the didactic sequencing of chapters in the book. With the exception of four chapters on system programming, the book can be used very successfully by a complete novice, as well as by an experienced UNIX system user, in both an informal and formal learning environment. The book may be used in several computer science and information technology courses, including UNIX for beginners and advanced users, shell and Python scripting, UNIX system programming, UNIX network programming, and UNIX system administration. It may also be used as a companion to the undergraduate and graduate level courses on operating system concepts and principles.
Unlimited Players: The Intersections of Writing Center and Game Studies
by Holly Ryan Stephanie VieUnlimited Players provides writing center scholars with new approaches to engaging with multimodality in the writing center through the lenses of games, play, and digital literacies. Considering how game scholarship can productively deepen existing writing center conversations regarding the role of creativity, play, and engagement, this book helps practitioners approach a variety of practices, such as starting new writing centers, engaging tutors and writers, developing tutor education programs, developing new ways to approach multimodal and digital compositions brought to the writing center, and engaging with ongoing scholarly conversations in the field. The collection opens with theoretically driven chapters that approach writing center work through the lens of games and play. These chapters cover a range of topics, including considerations of identity, empathy, and power; productive language play during tutoring sessions; and writing center heuristics. The last section of the book includes games, written in the form of tabletop game directions, that directors can use for staff development or tutors can play with writers to help them develop their skills and practices. No other text offers a theoretical and practical approach to theorizing and using games in the writing center. Unlimited Players provides a new perspective on the long-standing challenges facing writing center scholars and offers insight into the complex questions raised in issues of multimodality, emerging technologies, tutor education, identity construction, and many more. It will be significant to writing center directors and administrators and those who teach tutor training courses.
Unlocking dbt: Design and Deploy Transformations in Your Cloud Data Warehouse
by Cameron Cyr Dustin DorseyThis book shows how dbt is used to build data transformation pipelines that enable dependency management and allow for version control and automated testing. It explains how dbt is revolutionizing data transformation and the advantages that a command-line tool like dbt provides over and above the use of database stored procedures and other ETL and ELT tools that handle data transformations. You’ll see how to create custom-written transformations through simple SQL SELECT statements, eliminating the need for boilerplate code and making it easy to incorporate dbt as the transformation layer in your data warehouse pipelines. Additionally, you will learn how dbt enables data teams to incorporate software engineering best practices such as code reusability, version control, and automated testing into the data transformation process. Unlocking dbt walks you through using dbt to establish a project, build and modularize SQL models, and execute jobs in a way that is easy to maintain and scale as your data ecosystem matures. You’ll begin by establishing and configuring a project, a process covered using both dbt Cloud and dbt Core, so that you can confidently stand up a project using either platform. From there, you’ll move into building transformations with peace of mind that your project will scale appropriately as you continue to develop it. After learning the basics needed to get started, you’ll continue to build on that foundation by looking at the unique ways in which dbt combines SQL with Jinja to take your code beyond what is capable in normal SQL. You will learn about advanced materializations, building lineage in your data flows, the unlimited potential of macros, and so much more. This book also explores supported file types and the building of Python models. Rounding things out, you will learn features of dbt that will assist you in making your transformation layer production ready. These include how to implement automated testing, using dbt to generate documentation, and running CI/CD pipelines. What You Will Learn Understand what dbt is and how it is used in the modern data stackSet up a project using both dbt Cloud and dbt CoreConnect a dbt project to a cloud data warehouseBuild SQL and Python models that are scalable and maintainableConfigure development, testing, and production environmentsCapture reusable logic in the form of Jinja macrosIncorporate version control with your data transformation code Who This Book Is For Current and aspiring data professionals, including architects, developers, analysts, engineers, data scientists, and consultants who are beginning the journey of using dbt as part of their data pipeline’s transformation layer. Readers should have a foundational knowledge of writing basic SQL statements, development best practices, and working with data in an analytical context such as a data warehouse.