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Beam Diagnostics in Superconducting Accelerating Cavities: The Extraction of Transverse Beam Position from Beam-Excited Higher Order Modes (Springer Theses)
by Pei ZhangAn energetic charged particle beam introduced to an rf cavity excites a wakefield therein. This wakefield can be decomposed into a series of higher order modes and multipoles, which for sufficiently small beam offsets are dominated by the dipole component. This work focuses on using these dipole modes to detect the beam position in third harmonic superconducting S-band cavities for light source applications. A rigorous examination of several means of analysing the beam position based on signals radiated to higher order modes ports is presented. Experimental results indicate a position resolution, based on this technique, of 20 microns over a complete module of 4 cavities. Methods are also indicated for improving the resolution and for applying this method to other cavity configurations. This work is distinguished by its clarity and potential for application to several other international facilities. The material is presented in a didactic style and is recommended both for students new to the field, and for scientists well-versed in the field of rf diagnostics.
Color-Induced Graph Colorings: Vertex And Neighbor Distinguishing Edge Colorings Of Graphs (SpringerBriefs in Mathematics)
by Ping ZhangA comprehensive treatment of color-induced graph colorings is presented in this book, emphasizing vertex colorings induced by edge colorings. The coloring concepts described in this book depend not only on the property required of the initial edge coloring and the kind of objects serving as colors, but also on the property demanded of the vertex coloring produced. For each edge coloring introduced, background for the concept is provided, followed by a presentation of results and open questions dealing with this topic. While the edge colorings discussed can be either proper or unrestricted, the resulting vertex colorings are either proper colorings or rainbow colorings. This gives rise to a discussion of irregular colorings, strong colorings, modular colorings, edge-graceful colorings, twin edge colorings and binomial colorings. Since many of the concepts described in this book are relatively recent, the audience for this book is primarily mathematicians interested in learning some new areas of graph colorings as well as researchers and graduate students in the mathematics community, especially the graph theory community.
A Kaleidoscopic View of Graph Colorings (SpringerBriefs in Mathematics)
by Ping ZhangThis book describes kaleidoscopic topics that have developedin the area of graph colorings. Unifying current material on graph coloring,this book describes current information on vertex and edge colorings in graphtheory, including harmonious colorings, majestic colorings, kaleidoscopiccolorings and binomial colorings. Recently there have been a number of breakthroughs in vertex coloringsthat give rise to other colorings in a graph, such as graceful labelings ofgraphs that have been reconsidered under the language of colorings. The topics presented in this book include sample detailedproofs and illustrations, which depicts elements that are often overlooked. This book is ideal for graduate students and researchers in graph theory, as itcovers a broad range of topics and makes connections between recentdevelopments and well-known areas in graph theory.
A First Course in Graph Theory
by Ping Zhang Gary ChartrandWritten by two of the most prominent figures in the field of graph theory, this comprehensive text provides a remarkably student-friendly approach. Geared toward undergraduates taking a first course in graph theory, its sound yet accessible treatment emphasizes the history of graph theory and offers unique examples and lucid proofs. 2004 edition.
Covering Walks in Graphs (SpringerBriefs in Mathematics)
by Ping Zhang Futaba FujieCovering Walks in Graphs is aimed at researchers and graduate students in the graph theory community and provides a comprehensive treatment on measures of two well studied graphical properties, namely Hamiltonicity and traversability in graphs. This text looks into the famous Kӧnigsberg Bridge Problem, the Chinese Postman Problem, the Icosian Game and the Traveling Salesman Problem as well as well-known mathematicians who were involved in these problems. The concepts of different spanning walks with examples and present classical results on Hamiltonian numbers and upper Hamiltonian numbers of graphs are described; in some cases, the authors provide proofs of these results to illustrate the beauty and complexity of this area of research. Two new concepts of traceable numbers of graphs and traceable numbers of vertices of a graph which were inspired by and closely related to Hamiltonian numbers are introduced. Results are illustrated on these two concepts and the relationship between traceable concepts and Hamiltonian concepts are examined. Describes several variations of traceable numbers, which provide new frame works for several well-known Hamiltonian concepts and produce interesting new results.
Continuous-Time Markov Chains and Applications: A Two-Time-Scale Approach (Stochastic Modelling and Applied Probability #37)
by Qing Zhang G. George YinThis book gives a systematic treatment of singularly perturbed systems that naturally arise in control and optimization, queueing networks, manufacturing systems, and financial engineering. It presents results on asymptotic expansions of solutions of Komogorov forward and backward equations, properties of functional occupation measures, exponential upper bounds, and functional limit results for Markov chains with weak and strong interactions. To bridge the gap between theory and applications, a large portion of the book is devoted to applications in controlled dynamic systems, production planning, and numerical methods for controlled Markovian systems with large-scale and complex structures in the real-world problems. This second edition has been updated throughout and includes two new chapters on asymptotic expansions of solutions for backward equations and hybrid LQG problems. The chapters on analytic and probabilistic properties of two-time-scale Markov chains have been almost completely rewritten and the notation has been streamlined and simplified. This book is written for applied mathematicians, engineers, operations researchers, and applied scientists. Selected material from the book can also be used for a one semester advanced graduate-level course in applied probability and stochastic processes.
Model Predictive Control: Approaches Based On The Extended State Space Model And Extended Non-minimal State Space Model
by Ridong Zhang Anke Xue Furong GaoThis monograph introduces the authors’ work on model predictive control system design using extended state space and extended non-minimal state space approaches. It systematically describes model predictive control design for chemical processes, including the basic control algorithms, the extension to predictive functional control, constrained control, closed-loop system analysis, model predictive control optimization-based PID control, genetic algorithm optimization-based model predictive control, and industrial applications. Providing important insights, useful methods and practical algorithms that can be used in chemical process control and optimization, it offers a valuable resource for researchers, scientists and engineers in the field of process system engineering and control engineering.
Research on Ship Design and Optimization Based on Simulation-Based Design (SBD) Technique
by Sheng-Long Zhang Bao-Ji ZhangShip optimization design is critical to the preliminary design of a ship. With the rapid development of computer technology, the simulation-based design (SBD) technique has been introduced into the field of ship design. Typical SBD consists of three parts: geometric reconstruction; CFD numerical simulation; and optimization. In the context of ship design, these are used to alter the shape of the ship, evaluate the objective function and to assess the hull form space respectively. As such, the SBD technique opens up new opportunities and paves the way for a new method for optimal ship design. This book discusses the problem of optimizing ship’s hulls, highlighting the key technologies of ship optimization design and presenting a series of hull-form optimization platforms. It includes several improved approaches and novel ideas with significant potential in this field
The Pedagogy of Secondary-School Mathematics
by Shizao ZhangThis book elucidates the principal aspects and characteristics of secondary school mathematics teaching and learning in China. It combines the cultivation of students' mathematical abilities with the improvement of teaching skills, and explores from both theory and practice to create mathematical pedagogy which has been widely recognized by experts in this field. This book presents a number of mathematics teaching principles and methods, and has been used as an important resource book for mathematics teachers’ education.
Sample Size Calculations for Clustered and Longitudinal Outcomes in Clinical Research (Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Series #71)
by Song Zhang Chul Ahn Moonseoung HeoAccurate sample size calculation ensures that clinical studies have adequate power to detect clinically meaningful effects. This results in the efficient use of resources and avoids exposing a disproportionate number of patients to experimental treatments caused by an overpowered study. Sample Size Calculations for Clustered and Longitudinal Outcom
Design and Analysis of Pragmatic Trials (Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Series)
by Song Zhang Chul Ahn Hong ZhuThis book begins with an introduction of pragmatic cluster randomized trials (PCTs) and reviews various pragmatic issues that need to be addressed by statisticians at the design stage. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each type of PCT, and provides sample size formulas, sensitivity analyses, and examples for sample size calculation. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) method will be employed to derive sample size formulas for various types of outcomes from the exponential family, including continuous, binary, and count variables. Experimental designs that have been frequently employed in PCTs will be discussed, including cluster randomized designs, matched-pair cluster randomized design, stratified cluster randomized design, stepped-wedge cluster randomized design, longitudinal cluster randomized design, and crossover cluster randomized design. It demonstrates that the GEE approach is flexible to accommodate pragmatic issues such as hierarchical correlation structures, different missing data patterns, randomly varying cluster sizes, etc. It has been reported that the GEE approach leads to under-estimated variance with limited numbers of clusters. The remedy for this limitation is investigated for the design of PCTs. This book can assist practitioners in the design of PCTs by providing a description of the advantages and disadvantages of various PCTs and sample size formulas that address various pragmatic issues, facilitating the proper implementation of PCTs to improve health care. It can also serve as a textbook for biostatistics students at the graduate level to enhance their knowledge or skill in clinical trial design. Key Features: Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each type of PCTs, and provide sample size formulas, sensitivity analyses, and examples. Address an unmet need for guidance books on sample size calculations for PCTs; A wide variety of experimental designs adopted by PCTs are covered; The sample size solutions can be readily implemented due to the accommodation of common pragmatic issues encountered in real-world practice; Useful to both academic and industrial biostatisticians involved in clinical trial design; Can be used as a textbook for graduate students majoring in statistics and biostatistics.
Artificial Intelligence Logic and Applications: The 2nd International Conference, AILA 2022, Shanghai, China, August 26–28, 2022, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1657)
by Songmao Zhang Yixiang ChenThis book constitutes refereed proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence Logic and Applications 2022 held in Shanghai, China from August 26–28, 2022.The 20 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 27 submissions. The papers in the volume are organised according to the following topical headings: program logic; fuzzy logic; applications; author index.
Artificial Intelligence Logic and Applications: The 3rd International Conference, AILA 2023, Changchun, China, August 5–6, 2023, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1917)
by Songmao Zhang Yonggang ZhangThis book constitutes the proceedings of the Third International Conference, AILA 2023, held in Changchun, China, during August 5–6, 2023. The 26 full papers and the 10 short papers included in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 56 submissions. This volume aims to provide novel ideas, original research achievements, and practical experiences in a broad range of artificial intelligence logic and applications.
Advanced Statistics in Regulatory Critical Clinical Initiatives (Chapman & Hall/CRC Biostatistics Series)
by Wei ZhangAdvanced Statistics in Regulatory Critical Clinical Initiatives is focused on the critical clinical initiatives introduced by the 21st Century Cure Act passed by the United States Congress in December 2016. The book covers everything from the outline of the initiatives to analysis on the effect on biopharmaceutical research and development. Advanced Statistics in Regulatory Critical Clinical Initiatives provides innovative ways to resolve common challenges in statistical research of rare diseases such small sample sizes and provides guidance for combined use of data. With analysis from regulatory and scientific perspectives this book is an ideal companion for researchers in biostatistics, pharmaceutical development, and policy makers in related fields.Key Features: Provides better understanding of innovative design and analysis of each critical clinical initiatives which may be used in regulatory review/approval of drug development. Makes recommendations to evaluate submissions accurately and reliably. Proposes innovative study designs and statistical methods for oncology and/or rare disease drug development. Provides insight regarding current regulatory guidance on drug development such as gene therapy and rare diseases.
Stochastic H2/H ∞ Control: A Nash Game Approach
by Weihai Zhang Lihua Xie Bor-Sen ChenThe H∞ control has been one of the important robust control approaches since the 1980s. This book extends the area to nonlinear stochastic H2/H∞ control, and studies more complex and practically useful mixed H2/H∞ controller synthesis rather than the pure H∞ control. Different from the commonly used convex optimization method, this book applies the Nash game approach to give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence and uniqueness of the mixed H2/H∞ control. Researchers will benefit from our detailed exposition of the stochastic mixed H2/H∞ control theory, while practitioners can apply our efficient algorithms to address their practical problems.
Milling Simulation: Metal Milling Mechanics, Dynamics and Clamping Principles
by Weihong Zhang Min WanReliable scheduling in cutting conditions is very important in machining processes, and this requires thorough understanding of the physical behaviors of the machining process, which cannot be achieved without understanding the underlying mechanism of the processes. The book describes the mechanics and dynamics together with the clamping principles in milling processes, and can be used as a guideline for graduate students and research engineers who wish to be effective manufacture engineers and researchers. Many books have focused on common principles, which are suitable for general machining processes, e.g., milling, turning and drilling, etc. This book specifically aims at exploring the mechanics and dynamics of milling processes. Original theoretical derivations and new observations on static cutting force models, dynamic stability models and clamping principles associated with milling processes are classified and detailed. The book is indented as a text for graduate students and machining engineers who wish to intensively learn milling mechanism and machine tool vibration.
Design of Deep Braced Excavation and Earth Retaining Systems Under Complex Built Environment: Theories and Case Studies
by Wengang Zhang Hanlong LiuThis book presents basic design theories and principles and provides detailed analysis for excavation failure cases based on the author's research experience, aiming to provide a comprehensive picture of the subject matter. It focuses on the basal heave stability analysis, the apparent earth pressure as well as the strut force determination, the retaining wall deflection, the ground settlement, the protection measures such as jet grouting slabs or piles, case reports, back analysis methodology. From the very basic to the most advanced, it tries to attain theoretical rigorousness and consistency. On the other hand, this book also tries to cope with design practice, implemented by the recent publications from the authors. Students, researchers, and design engineers working in the field of civil engineering could benefit from this book.
Fundamentals of Order and Rank Statistics
by Wenyi Zhang Seungwon Lee Iickho Song So Ryoung ParkThis book is devoted to the fundamentals of order and rank statistics. Primarily focusing on theoretical properties, it also discusses practical aspects, including interesting applications of step and impulse functions for the distribution of random variables, magnitudes, and signs. New concepts are introduced, such as independent and semi-identically distributed random vectors and probability density-mass functions. This book also presents an investigation of relative magnitudes in order statistics, and of correlation coefficients among signs, ranks, and magnitudes. The basic concepts are described in clear terms, and step-by-step details are provided for most of the presented mathematical results. The exposition is accompanied by numerous examples and more than 100 exercises, for which a complete solution manual is available. Providing a useful reference, and requiring only a basic understanding of probability and random variables, the book will appeal to a wide readership.
A Matrix Algebra Approach to Artificial Intelligence
by Xian-Da ZhangMatrix algebra plays an important role in many core artificial intelligence (AI) areas, including machine learning, neural networks, support vector machines (SVMs) and evolutionary computation. This book offers a comprehensive and in-depth discussion of matrix algebra theory and methods for these four core areas of AI, while also approaching AI from a theoretical matrix algebra perspective.The book consists of two parts: the first discusses the fundamentals of matrix algebra in detail, while the second focuses on the applications of matrix algebra approaches in AI. Highlighting matrix algebra in graph-based learning and embedding, network embedding, convolutional neural networks and Pareto optimization theory, and discussing recent topics and advances, the book offers a valuable resource for scientists, engineers, and graduate students in various disciplines, including, but not limited to, computer science, mathematics and engineering.
Matrix Analysis And Applications
by Xian-Da ZhangThis balanced and comprehensive study presents the theory, methods, and applications of matrix analysis in a new theoretical framework, allowing readers to understand second-order and higher-order matrix analysis in a completely new light. Alongside the core subjects in matrix analysis, such as singular value analysis, solving matrix equations and eigenanalysis, the author introduces new applications and perspectives that are unique to this book. As a very topical subject matter, gradient analysis and optimization plays a central role here. Also included are subspace analysis, projection analysis, and tensor analysis, topics which are often neglected in other books. Having provided a solid foundation to the subject, the author goes on to place particular emphasis on the many applications matrix analysis can have in science and engineering, making this book suitable for scientists, engineers, and graduate students alike.
Topology Optimization of Compliant Mechanisms
by Xianmin Zhang Benliang ZhuThis book covers various topics regarding the design of compliant mechanisms using topology optimization that have attracted a great deal of attention in recent decades. After comprehensively describing state-of-the-art methods for designing compliant mechanisms, it provides a new topology optimization method for finding new flexure hinges. It then presents several attempts to obtain distributed compliant mechanisms using the topology optimization method. Further, it discusses a Jacobian-based topology optimization method for compliant parallel mechanisms, and introduces readers to the topology optimization of compliant mechanisms, taking into account geometrical nonlinearity and reliability. Providing a systematic method for topology optimization of flexure hinges, which are essential for designing compliant mechanisms, the book offers a valuable resource for all readers who are interested in designing compliant mechanism-based positioning stages. In addition, the methods for solving the de facto hinges in topology optimized compliant mechanisms will benefit all engineers seeking to design micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) structures.
Hesitant Fuzzy Methods for Multiple Criteria Decision Analysis
by Xiaolu Zhang Zeshui XuThe book offers a comprehensive introduction to methods for solving multiple criteria decision making and group decision making problems with hesitant fuzzy information. It reports on the authors' latest research, as well as on others' research, providing readers with a complete set of decision making tools, such as hesitant fuzzy TOPSIS, hesitant fuzzy TODIM, hesitant fuzzy LINMAP, hesitant fuzzy QUALIFEX, and the deviation modeling approach with heterogeneous fuzzy information. The main focus is on decision making problems in which the criteria values and/or the weights of criteria are not expressed in crisp numbers but are more suitable to be denoted as hesitant fuzzy elements. The largest part of the book is devoted to new methods recently developed by the authors to solve decision making problems in situations where the available information is vague or hesitant. These methods are presented in detail, together with their application to different type of decision-making problems. All in all, the book represents a valuable reference guide for graduate students and researchers in the both fields of fuzzy logic and decision making.
Event Attendance Prediction in Social Networks (SpringerBriefs in Statistics)
by Xiaomei Zhang Guohong CaoThis volume focuses on predicting users’ attendance at a future event at specific time and location based on their common interests. Event attendance prediction has attracted considerable attention because of its wide range of potential applications. By predicting event attendance, events that better fit users’ interests can be recommended, and personalized location-based or topic-based services related to the events can be provided to users. Moreover, it can help event organizers estimating the event scale, identifying conflicts, and help manage resources. This book first surveys existing techniques on event attendance prediction and other related topics in event-based social networks. It then introduces a context-aware data mining approach to predict the event attendance by learning how users are likely to attend future events. Specifically, three sets of context-aware attributes are identified by analyzing users’ past activities, including semantic, temporal, and spatial attributes. This book illustrates how these attributes can be applied for event attendance prediction by incorporating them into supervised learning models, and demonstrates their effectiveness through a real-world dataset collected from event-based social networks.
Android Malware Detection and Adversarial Methods
by Xiaosong Zhang Weina Niu Ran Yan Jiacheng GongThe rise of Android malware poses a significant threat to users’ information security and privacy. Malicious software can inflict severe harm on users by employing various tactics, including deception, personal information theft, and device control. To address this issue, both academia and industry are continually engaged in research and development efforts focused on detecting and countering Android malware. This book is a comprehensive academic monograph crafted against this backdrop. The publication meticulously explores the background, methods, adversarial approaches, and future trends related to Android malware. It is organized into four parts: the overview of Android malware detection, the general Android malware detection method, the adversarial method for Android malware detection, and the future trends of Android malware detection. Within these sections, the book elucidates associated issues, principles, and highlights notable research. By engaging with this book, readers will gain not only a global perspective on Android malware detection and adversarial methods but also a detailed understanding of the taxonomy and general methods outlined in each part. The publication illustrates both the overarching model and representative academic work, facilitating a profound comprehension of Android malware detection.
Investing in China and Chinese Investment Abroad
by Xiuping Zhang Bruce P. CorrieThe book provides a study of the investment environment for international enterprises in China and overseas investment by Chinese enterprises. Applying statistical methods and up-to-date data analysis, it examines every aspect of the investment environment in China. The author’s ideas are further illustrated with 39 figures and diagrams. Its 18 chapters discuss topics ranging from history, the current situation and problems of foreign investment in China, to China’s policies for attracting foreign investment, the top 500 global companies in China, urban competitive analysis and multinational corporations in Beijing. It also analyzes Chinese investment in foreign countries. It is a valuable investment guide, and is also a useful reference resource for academic research and teaching related to international business and the Chinese economy.