- Table View
- List View
Next-Generation Nanobiosensor Devices for Point-Of-Care Diagnostics
by Gorachand DuttaThis book reviews the potential of next-generation point-of-care diagnosis in healthcare. It also discusses the printed chip-based assay (Lab-on-a-Chip, Lab-on-a-PCB) for rapid, inexpensive biomarkers detection. The book presents the development of sensory systems based on the use of nanomaterials. It examines different biosensors for medical diagnosis using surface modification strategies of transducers. It presents electrochemical concepts based on different nanobiomaterials and nanocomposites for cancer theranostics. Notably, the book examines the recent advances in wearable, cost-effective hemodynamic sensors to detect diseases at an early stage. It further explores the combination of redox cycling and electrochemical detection to develop ultrasensitive and reproducible biosensors for point-of-care testing. Finally, the book summarizes the significant challenges in the point of care diagnostics and its future opportunities in healthcare.
The Female Turn: How Evolutionary Science Shifted Perceptions About Females
by Malin Ah-KingThis book traces the history of how evolutionary biology transformed its understanding of females from being coy, reserved and sexually passive, to having active sexual strategies and often mating with multiple males. Why did it take so long to discover female active sexual strategies? What prevented some researchers from engaging in sexually active females, and what prompted others to develop this new knowledge? The Female Turn provides a global overview of shifting perceptions about females in sexual selection research on a wide range of animals, from invertebrates to primates. Evolutionary biologist and feminist science scholar Malin Ah-King explores this history from a unique interdisciplinary vantage point. Based on extensive knowledge of the scientific literature on sexual selection and in-depth interviews with leading researchers, pioneers and feminist scientists in the field, her analysis engages with key theoretical approaches in gender studies of science. Analyzing the researchers’ scientific interests, theoretical frameworks, specific study animals, technological innovations, methodologies and sometimes feminist insights, reveals how these have shaped conclusions drawn about sex. Thereby, The Female Turn shows how certain researchers gained knowledge about active females whereas others missed, ignored or delayed it – that is, how ignorance was produced.
Handbook of Porous Carbon Materials (Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials)
by Andrews Nirmala Grace Prashant Sonar Preetam Bhardwaj Arghya ChakravortyThis handbook summarizes the current advancements and growth in sustainable carbonaceous porous materials for fabrication and revival of energy devices, fuel cells, sensors technology, solar cell technology, stealth technology in addition to biomedical applications. It also covers the potential applications of carbon materials in various fields such as chemical, engineering, biomedical and environmental sciences. It also confers the prospective utilization of 2D and 3D hierarchical porous carbon in different interdisciplinary engineering applications. The book discusses major challenges faced in the development of cost-effective future energy storage strategies and provides effective solutions for improvement in the performance of carbon-based materials. Given the content, this handbook will be useful for students, researchers and professionals working in the area of material chemistry and allied fields.
Smart Small Satellites: Proceedings of the International Conference on Small Satellites, ICSS 2022 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #963)
by Chander Prakash V. Sambasiva Rao D. V. A. Raghava MurthyThis book comprises the select proceedings of the International Conference on Small Satellites and its Applications (ICSS) 2022. It aims to provide a comprehensive and broad-spectrum picture of the state-of-the-art research, development, and commercial perspective of various discoveries conducted in the real-world smart small satellites, applications and their services. The contents of this book focuses on efficient power management system, application-based optimum payload designs, telemetry and telecommand, advanced navigation and RF systems, flight and ground software’s, structure, mechanism and materials, space craft autonomy, quality, testing and reliability for designing the small satellites through advanced computational procedures for a variety of applications, etc. This book proves a valuable resource for those in academia and industry.
Recent Advances in Thermal Sciences and Engineering: Select Proceedings of ICAFFTS 2021 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Hemant B. Mehta Manish K. Rathod Rufat Abiev Müslüm ArıcıThis book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Fluid Flow and Thermal Sciences (ICAFFTS 2021) and summarizes the modern research practices in thermal sciences and engineering. The content of book involves advanced topics in heat transfer science, automobile, refrigeration and air conditioning, cryogenics, non-conventional systems and energy storage. Topics on cutting edge research in the area of hybrid nano-PCM-based systems, solar-based applications, bio-diesel and nano additives-based combustion, fuel cell and thermoacoustic engine are also included. In addition, this book contains recent research in the area of two-phase thermal management of Li-Ion/Li-titanium battery and LED systems using heat sink, heat pipe, pulsating heat pipe and thermosyphon with next-generation refrigerants, PCM and nanofluid. Some thermal aspects of virus/aerosol research, advances in volumetric velocimetry and application of artificial intelligence in thermal systems are also covered. This book is a valuable reference for academicians, researchers and professionals working in the various fields of thermal sciences.
Sustainable Manufacturing in Industry 4.0: Pathways and Practices
by Hamed Gholami Georges Abdul-Nour Safian Sharif Dalia StreimikieneThis book gives an overview of the latest technologies in the Industry 4.0, using smart and autonomous systems driven by data and machine learning, to develop a sustainable approach to manufacturing. It includes the implementation of smart technological approaches in different manufacturing processes such as laser welding, additive manufacturing, equipment maintenance and inspection, automotive manufacturing, poultry processing, supply chain management, value stream mapping and development. This book caters to research experts and practitioners who are keen to realize the benefits of industry 4.0 to transform the manufacturing sector into a more sustainable-based state.
IRC-SET 2022: Proceedings of the 8th IRC Conference on Science, Engineering and Technology, August 2022, Singapore
by Huaqun Guo Ian McLoughlin Eyasu Getahun Chekole Umayal Lakshmanan Weizhi Meng Peng Cheng Wang Jiqiang LuThis book highlights contemporary state of research in multi-disciplinary areas in Physics, Biomedical Sciences, Chemical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Computer Science/Engineering, Life Sciences, and Healthcare. The accepted submissions to the 8th IRC Conference on Science, Engineering and Technology (IRC-SET 2022) that were presented on 6th August 2022, are published in this conference proceedings. The papers presented here were shortlisted after extensive rounds of rigorous reviews by a panel of esteemed individuals who are pioneers and experts in their respective domains.
Carbon Footprints of Manufacturing and Transportation Industries (Environmental Footprints and Eco-design of Products and Processes)
by Subramanian Senthilkannan MuthuThis book presents carbon footprint calculation and mitigation in the manufacturing and transportation sectors. Warning effects of global warming from every sector is of phenomenal importance at this moment and sector wise assessment and remediation are the key factors to mitigate the vulnerable green house gas emissions. This volume with its six chapters deals with the carbon footprint of manufacturing and transportation sectors.
Sustainable Health Through Food, Nutrition, and Lifestyle (Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences)
by Aakriti Grover Anju Singh R. B. SinghThis book uncovers the multiple layers of challenges posed to achieve sustainable human health and improves the understanding of interactive areas set by the UN Sustainable Development Goals (1) no poverty, (2) zero hunger, (3) good health and wellbeing, (6) clean water and sanitation, and (11) sustainable cities and communities. The book focuses on conceptual understanding, food, nutrition, lifestyle, and their integration to reinforce the ideas of holistic health principles.' The most important drivers of sustainable health are food, nutrition, and lifestyle. Healthy food is a basic need of human beings. In under-developed regions, people are underweight and facing malnutrition, with a prevalence of deficiency diseases due to low intake of micro-nutrients such as vitamin A, iodine, and protein among others. A good diet as well as lifestyle has a tremendous bearing on a person’s health, emotional stability, and enthusiasm for life. The global coronavirus pandemic has brought unimaginable devastation and hardship in all corners of the globe, questioning the existing healthcare services, health policies, and health planning across the developed and developing countries. It has also exposed the lacunae in understanding health, the base of human happiness. The global community needs to gravely ponder the health issues we are facing and explore sustainable solutions for health recovery and the wellbeing of humanity.
Multistep Continuous Flow Synthesis of Fine Chemicals with Heterogeneous Catalysts (Springer Theses)
by Yuki SaitoThis book describes the development of two kinds of continuous-flow transformation using heterogeneous catalysts, and explains how they can be applied in the multistep synthesis of active pharmaceutical ingredients. It demonstrates and proves that fine chemicals can be synthesized under continuous-flow conditions using heterogeneous catalysis alone. Importantly, the book also proposes a general concept and strategy for achieving multistep flow synthesis and developing heterogeneous catalysts, and shows that commercially available anion exchange resin can be used as a water-tolerant strong base catalyst for various types of continuous-flow aldol-type reaction. Reviewing the state of the art in heterogeneous catalysis in flow chemistry – a “hot topic” and rapidly developing area of organic synthesis – the book will provide readers with a deeper understanding of fine chemical flow synthesis and its future prospects.
Sustainable Chemical, Mineral and Material Processing: Select proceedings of 74th Annual Session of Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers (CHEMCON-2021) (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Eswaraiah Chinthapudi Suddhasatwa Basu Bhaskar Narayan ThoratThis book presents select proceedings of the Indian Chemical Engineering Congress (CHEMCON-2021) under the theme "Sustainable Utilization of Resources for Chemical Mineral Sectors". It covers broad topics such as chemical reaction and processes, material science and engineering, coal and mineral processing, pyro- and hydro-metallurgical processes, environmental engineering and waste management, advanced engineering, and energy materials. This book is useful for the researchers, professionals, and policymakers interested in sustainable utilization of chemical and mineral resources.
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex: Working Memory and Executive Functions (Brain Science)
by Shintaro FunahashiThe prefrontal cortex is known to play important roles for performing a variety of higher cognitive functions. Among regions of the prefrontal cortex, the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex plays the most important roles for these functions. This book focuses on functions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, summarizes research results obtained mainly by non-human primate studies, and describes neural mechanisms of executive functions that the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex participates. First, to understand the feature of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and how its function has been understood, anatomical and functional features of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and historical overview of prefrontal functions are described. To understand functions of the prefrontal cortex and neural mechanisms of executive functions, working memory is an important concept and sustained activation during the memory period of working memory tasks is known as a neural mechanism of working memory. Therefore, this book describes features of sustained memory-related activity based on neurophysiological results obtained in the prefrontal cortex and how memory-related activity contributes to executive functions including control of attention, inhibitory control, task management, and planning. And further, this book describes how the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex contributes to neural mechanisms for sensory and motor processing, memory control in multi-task performance, decision-making, metacognition, and top-down control. Thus, this book provides important information regarding neural mechanisms of dorsolateral prefrontal functions to neuroscientists and helps to plan further investigation to understand prefrontal functions in primates and human subjects.
Integrated Approaches to Peace and Sustainability (World Sustainability Series)
by Ayyoob Sharifi Dahlia Simangan Shinji KanekoThis book provides new insights into the development of integrated approaches to peace and sustainability in the era of global change. Since the late 1980s, and in order to regulate the increasingly detrimental impacts of humans on the environment, the transition towards sustainability has been high on the agenda of researchers and policymakers alike. Meanwhile, peace considerations have expanded in recent decades to include the varied types and sources of conflict, from inter-state to intra-state conflicts due to various social, political, economic, and environmental factors. Through providing theoretical and empirical insights, this book demonstrates that sustainability and peace as intrinsically interrelated. The book elaborates on the multi-dimensional and constantly evolving concepts of sustainability and peace. In addition, the book contributes to a better understanding of the complex and dynamic interlinkages between peace and sustainability by presenting examples of pathways where sustainability and peace interact considering the different factors and contexts that are constantly shaping and reshaping the conditions for sustainable and peaceful societies.
Proceedings of The 17th East Asian-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, 2022: EASEC-17, Singapore (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #302)
by Guoqing Geng Xudong Qian Leong Hien Poh Sze Dai PangThis book presents articles from The 17th East Asian-Pacific Conference on Structural Engineering and Construction, 2022, organized by National University of Singapore. These peer-reviewed articles, authored by professional engineers, academics and researchers, highlight the recent research and developments in structural engineering and construction, embracing the theme- “Towards a Resilient and Sustainable City”. The papers presented in this proceeding provide in-depth discussions with key insights into the future research, development and engineering translation in structural engineering and construction.
The Cation–π Interaction
by Shinji YamadaThis book introduces the role of cation–π interactions in chemistry, biology, and polymer materials science. Since the cation–π interaction was defined in 1990, its importance has been recognized in a variety of fields due to its relatively significant interaction energy. A number of examples are introduced in which the contribution of cation-π interactions was evidenced by X-ray structures, spectroscopies, computations, and other means. The latest developments in these areas are remarkable; therefore, many recent examples are included.As this book covers the basic aspects of the applications of cation–π interactions it is useful for students and researchers in a wide variety of scientific fields. In addition, the book will not only facilitate understanding of the phenomena occurring in various systems but also provides insights into the design of new catalysts, reactions, and materials.
Current Trends in Geotechnical Engineering and Construction: Proceedings of 3ICGE-Iraq 2022
by Mahdi Karkush Deepankar Choudhury Jie HanThis book contains selected articles from the third International Conference on Geotechnical Engineering-Iraq 2022 (3ICGE-2022) held on May 29–31, 2022, at the University of Baghdad/Baghdad/Iraq. This proceeding discusses the latest research and studies in geotechnical engineering and all related topics in different fields such as civil engineering, environmental engineering, and architectural engineering. This book gives participants from both academics and industry a great chance to learn about recent developments in Geotechnical engineering fields.
X-Ray Spectroscopy for Chemical State Analysis
by Jun KawaiThis book focuses on X-ray spectroscopy for chemical state analysis covering X-ray physics, spectroscopic characteristics used for functional and toxic materials, and the author's ideas related to X-ray experiments. This book also provides novel theoretical interpretations of X-ray spectra along with experimental techniques needed for both synchrotron radiation users and laboratory experimentalists. Presenting not only practical information, this book also covers basic knowledge of commercially available spectrometers and the basic physics of optics and electromagnetism related to X-rays. Furthermore, the author introduces the forgotten history of X-ray physics in the beginning of twentieth century. This book is of use for researchers studying catalysts, charge-transfer materials, surface characterization, and toxic trace elements via X-ray spectroscopy for chemical state analysis as well as quantitative analysis.
Neuroinflammation, Gut-Brain Axis and Immunity in Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1411)
by Yong-Ku KimThis book reviews the relationship between cytokines, glia, and neurons in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and examines the mechanisms of action of the drugs used for the treatment of these disorders. Increasing evidence has suggested that glia perform important roles in various brain functions, but much remains to be learned about these crucial cells and their interplay with neurons. In addition, a better understanding of the interaction between inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, and the activated immune response will be of critical importance for the development of new therapeutic strategies. These key areas are the focus of this book, which documents the latest research findings in the field. Evidence is provided for the role of inflammation-induced toxic metabolites from the tryptophan pathway in a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease. In presenting state of the art knowledge on the interactions between cytokines, glia, and neurons, the book will help to pave the way for the development of novel targets for the prevention and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Sustainable Qatar: Social, Political and Environmental Perspectives (Gulf Studies #9)
by Logan Cochrane Reem Al-HababiThis open access book provides a topical overview of the key sustainability issues in Qatar, focusing on environmental sustainability from a socio-political perspective. The transition to a sustainable Qatar requires engagement with diverse areas of social-political, human, and environmental development. On the environmental aspects, the contributors address climate change, food security, water reuse and desalination, energy, and biodiversity. The socio-political section examines state strategy and regulation, the place of environmental law and geopolitics and sustainability innovators and catalysts. The human section considers economics, sustainability education, the knowledge economy, and waste management. In doing so, the book demarcates the ways in which the country encounters and grapples with significant challenges and delves into the range of options for future pathways to sustainability in Qatar. Relevant to policymakers and scholars in energy and environment, urban and developmental studies, as well as the arenas of politics, climate change and policy, this book is a landmark collection on environmental policy in the Gulf and beyond.
Aquaporins (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1398)
by Baoxue YangThis book provides a state-of-the-art report on our current understanding of aquaporins and the future direction of the field. Aquaporins (AQPs) are a group of water-channel proteins that are specifically permeable to water and other small molecules, such as glycerol and urea. To date thirteen water-channel proteins (AQP0 – AQP12) have been cloned and the mechanisms and physiological functions of water transport across biological membranes have long been the subject of interest. Recent advances in the molecular biology and physiology of water transport have yielded new insights into how and why water moves across cell membranes, and studies on aquaporin knockout mouse models suggest that aquaporins are involved in the development of some diseases and they may be useful targets of research into selective-inhibitor drugs. By focusing on the advances made over the last 30 years in the biophysics, genetics, protein structure, molecular biology, physiology, pathophysiology and pharmacology of aquaporins in mammalian cell membranes, this book provides novel insights into further mechanisms and the physiological significance of water and some small molecule transport in mammals in order to stimulate further research in new directions.In the second version, fourteen chapters will be updated base on the most recent research articles. Ten new chapters will be added.
Epigenetic Mechanisms of Cell Programming and Reprogramming (Reports of China’s Basic Research)
by Gang PeiThis book presents a major research program on epigenetic mechanisms of cell programming and reprogramming. The program was launched by the National Natural Science Foundation of China during the 11th Five-Year Plan period, which was started in October 2008 and concluded at the end of 2016. It first summarizes the epigenetic research plans and the current situation of epigenetic research in China and the international frontier. With the application of interdisciplinary research methods, the book discusses the development trends of epigenetic research, such as mechanisms of establishment and maintenance of epigenetic information and epigenetic regulation on reproduction and development. It also presents a variety of research achievements. For example, the discovery of new epigenetic regulators and chromatin remodulaters and their biological functions and mechanisms are highlighted. Several regulation mechanisms of cell differentiation and trans-differentiation are discussed, especially the discovery of the key factors to promote the trans-differentiation of somatic cells to hepatocytes. In addition, this book puts forward some key academic fields with increasing importance, such as biochemistry, cell biology, and clinical medicine. Given its scope, the book is of interest to researchers who work in cell biology, biochemistry, structural biology, bioinformatics, clinical medicine, and other related fields.
Geometric Mechanics and Its Applications
by Weipeng Hu Chuan Xiao Zichen DengTo make the content of the book more systematic, this book mainly briefs some related basic knowledge reported by other monographs and papers about geometric mechanics. The main content of this book is based on the last 20 years’ jobs of the authors. All physical processes can be formulated as the Hamiltonian form with the energy conservation law as well as the symplectic structure if all dissipative effects are ignored. On the one hand, the important status of the Hamiltonian mechanics is emphasized. On the other hand, a higher requirement is proposed for the numerical analysis on the Hamiltonian system, namely the results of the numerical analysis on the Hamiltonian system should reproduce the geometric properties of which, including the first integral, the symplectic structure as well as the energy conservation law.
Emerging Anti-Aging Strategies
by Syed Ibrahim RizviThe book focuses on the emerging anti-aging approaches for maintaining better health in old age. It provides a current understanding of the underlying principle, possible targets, implementation approaches, and efficacy of the various anti-aging strategies. The chapters include a wide range of topics incorporating the major advances in anti-aging strategies, including telomerase activation, stem cell therapy, autophagy induction, sirtuin activation, and dietary restrictions. Further, it discusses the epigenetic mechanisms underlying aging-related processes and epigenetic strategies to delay and reverse aging-related diseases. The book covers the strategy based on tissue engineering and regenerative medicine for understanding the complexity of aging and restoring the functionalities of organ systems. It further presents the applications of melatonin supplementation-based anti-aging therapeutic intervention. Finally, the book reviews the ethical dimension of anti-aging intervention strategies. This book is immensely useful to scientists and researchers from various disciplines in the life sciences.
Emerging Sustainable Aquaculture Innovations in Africa (Sustainability Sciences in Asia and Africa)
by Ndakalimwe Naftal Gabriel Edosa Omoregie Kenneth Prudence AbasubongThis edited book presents the emerging sustainable innovations in all areas of aquaculture in Africa with a view to create an opportunity whereby scientific outputs and recommendations can be endorsed for improved aquaculture outputs towards poverty alleviation and food security on the continent. Food insecurity and poverty are some of the challenges faced on the African continent. These challenges are further exacerbated by the growing human population and the impacts of climate change. Today, aquaculture has become one of the fastest food producing sectors in the world, with the potential to contribute significantly to food security and poverty alleviation in developing countries. In Africa, aquaculture is at an infant stage, however, many African countries have recognized the potential roles of aquaculture in food security, poverty alleviation and conservation of aquatic resources through their commitment to achieve the United Nation Sustainable Development Goals. The book reviews and synthesize research work from these thematic areas across Africa and provide a unique perspective on the emerging aquaculture innovations and illustrate how aquaculture practices could be feasible and cost effective while promoting social and environmental sustainability. The book also draws from global discussions on sustainable aquaculture practices and provides recommendations on what is feasible for Africa. This book is a great tool for the university students, scholars, aquaculture farmers, investors, and policymakers to understand the scientific based sustainable aquaculture innovations from an African perspective. This book is focused on SDG 2 and SDG 14.
Technology and Industrial Transformation of China
by Yanqing Jiang Jiewei GuThis book explores how China’s industrial transformation and development depend on technology and innovation and how considerations about issues associated with technology and innovation may affect China’s development strategies. Market-oriented reforms initiated four decades ago have constantly fueled a high speed of development in China. The country’s industrial structure has experienced rapid evolution. In the meantime, especially in the general context of globalization, the country has also opened to foreign trade and foreign direct investment, transforming itself from a virtually completely closed economy into a major trading nation and the largest developing country destination for foreign direct investment in the world. Technology is thought to be one of the key driving forces that shape the transformation of the Chinese economy. Owing to different speeds of innovation and technology diffusion, uneven development is one major issue in the process of China’s industrial transformation under new trends of globalization. Substantial disparities across different Chinese regions, e.g., the gaps in regional industrial development and those in incomes and living standards, have been one prominent feature of China and are (needless to say) closely related to different speeds of innovation and technology diffusion. The relationship between technology diffusion, innovation, and industrial development is an important yet complicated issue that deserves careful study. Considerations related to technology and innovation play a crucial role in leading and shaping China’s development strategies and routes. Sustainable development of China creates strong pressures for continuous transforming, upgrading, and restructuring of the Chinese economy, and in all of these processes, innovation and technology diffusion play a fundamental role. The book presents to the interested reader facts, thoughts, models, empirical results, and discussions that shed light on those issues.