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Evolution Seen from the Phase Diagram of Life (Evolutionary Studies)
by Shigeki Mitaku Ryusuke SawadaThis book aims to understand biological evolution through a physical approach, focusing on the macroscopic aspects of the biological genome. Readers will discover the connection between genomic information and the harmony of biological systems, a relationship that remains elusive to many researchers in biological sciences.The most common approach to understanding living organisms with physics is to begin with a single molecule of an organism. In contrast to this bottom-up approach, building from each molecule to the whole, this book takes a coarse-grained approach at the amino acid level to physically understand the macroscopic aspects of the organism. The book presents a system developed by the authors to predict membrane proteins with high accuracy using only physical parameters. Another distinctive perspective of this book is that it proposes the idea of a physical mechanism, other than natural selection, that orchestrates the emergence of order from random processes. The study of macroscopic aspects of living organisms based on this concept has parallels with thermostatistical mechanics for states of matter. Just as random processes create order in matter, there are physical random processes that form order in living organisms. This analogy is the central theme of the book.Using terms and analogies familiar to physicists, the book bridges the gap between biological and physical sciences. The book focuses on simple principles and is aimed primarily at researchers. While the content of this book is at the boundary area of biophysics, soft matter physics and bioinformatics, it will also be of interest to researchers and graduate students working on any biological topics.
Sustainable Security Practices Using Blockchain, Quantum and Post-Quantum Technologies for Real Time Applications (Contributions to Environmental Sciences & Innovative Business Technology)
by Adarsh Kumar Neelu Jyothi Ahuja Keshav Kaushik Deepak Singh Tomar Surbhi Bhatia KhanThis book focuses on the sustainable security practices in the domain of blockchain, quantum, and post-quantum technologies dealing with the real-time applications. The topics discussed in this book include banking applications, protection of digital assets in healthcare, military defense applications, supply chain management, secure messaging, and keyless secure infrastructures.Blockchains and quantum technologies are the emerging technological developments both in academic and industrial domains. The problems related to quantum threat and execution of post-quantum signatures in a blockchain platform have become hot topics in today's scientific community because they have remarkably progressed in recent years and have found a variety of applications.This book is a valuable resource for academicians, researchers, students, and technicians in the field of blockchain and quantum computing.
Soil Health Management for Plantation Crops: Recent Advances and New Paradigms
by V. Krishnakumar George V ThomasThis edited volume elucidates state-of-the-art information and provides new paradigms of soil health-based pathways for sustaining plantation crops and diversified systems. The book covers soil characteristics, soil fertility constraints, issues of soil contamination, the impact of climate change on plantation soils, indicators of soil health and soil health assessment, fertility management for healthy soils, soil amendments, soil biodiversity, and biological functions and micro-biome as well as meta-genomic approach.Plantation crops are perennials, cultivated in tropical and sub-tropical agroecosystems in a contiguous area, and comprise estate crops which include tea, coffee, and rubber and small holders’ plantation crops such as coconut, areca nut, oil palm, cashew, cocoa, and spices. These are high-value crops with considerable significance in livelihood security, commerce, and trade, and are grown in ecologically vulnerable regions such as coastal belts, hilly areas, andregions with high rainfall and high humidity, which makes maintenance of soil health a major challenge. Sustainable agricultural production depends on the health, quality, and functionality of the soil. The book includes technological options to achieve sustainable production encompassing soil health improvement through multi-strata, multi-species cropping systems, integrated farming systems, conservation agriculture practices, cover cropping and green manuring, crop residue recycling, bio-fertilizer and bio-stimulant technologies and organic farming systems.This book is an essential resource for researchers, plantation professionals, educators, and policymakers. It provides valuable insights and practical solutions for addressing emerging issues in soil health management and is a must-read for students of agriculture, forestry, ecology, microbiology, soil science, and environmental sciences.
RC Structures Strengthened with FRP for Earthquake Resistance (Composites Science and Technology)
by Shamsher Bahadur Singh C. V. R. MurtyThis book covers the merits and demerits of advanced composite materials with regard to their applications for earthquake-resistant applications. The chapters in the book are divided into the following main topics: (a) the processing and fabrication of fiber-reinforced polymer composite materials, (b) the mechanical characteristics of materials, (c) the design of strengthening and reinforcing systems for earthquake resistance of the deficient structural system, and (d) design of new earthquake-resistant structures using advanced composite materials. The chapters present experimental tests and numerical modeling of responses of various kinds of structural elements for predicting the load versus deflection response, energy absorption capacity, ductility index, energy ratios, failure modes, and load capacity. It also looks at different kinds of composite systems and their hybrid or functionally graded composites using advanced composite materials, such as carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP), glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP), aramid fiber-reinforced polymer (AFRP), basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP), and natural fiber-reinforced polymer (NFRP). The results presented in this book will be of high interest to scientists, researchers, students, and engineers working in the fields of advanced composite materials such as FRPs and other forms of composites for seismic retrofitting and strengthening of deficient structures. This book is helpful for teachers and (undergraduate, Master, and Ph.D.) students to develop a fundamental understanding of the design of earthquake-resistant design of structures (such as buildings, bridges, and industrial structures) using lightweight, durable, and sustainable FRP materials.
Surface Environments and Human Interactions: Reflections from Asia
by Rajat Mazumder Rajib ShawThis book describes the complex interplay between Earth's surface processes (erosion and sedimentation) and human interactions. Intensive as well as extensive research has been undertaken to infer modern sedimentation processes and to infer the mode of stratigraphic sequence building. However, the effort to understand the influence of sedimentation processes on society and the human impact on sedimentation is long overdue. This is a new upcoming multidisciplinary research field that is beyond the scope of leading traditional Earth and Environmental Science journals. To fill in the prodigious gap in the knowledge base, this book includes in-depth reviews and new data-based case studies from Asia, involving multidisciplinary research. It covers case studies of risk management of various hazards and risk management systems at regional, national, and local levels. The book proposes a comprehensive approach to reducing future risks by collaborating with various stakeholders and preparingfor the most effective responses towards complicated hazards, minimizing social damage. This publication will help researchers in the field of Environment and Earth surface processes, disaster risk reduction, and geoscientists to have a better idea of the current trend of research in the field and will provide updated synthesis on this important topic.
Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Space Science and Communication: IconSpace 2023, 3–4 October, Penang, Malaysia (Springer Proceedings in Physics #303)
by Mohammad Tariqul Islam Norbahiah Misran Mandeep Jit SinghThis book presents peer-reviewed articles from the 8th International Conference on Space Science and Communication (IConSpace 2023), held at Penang in Malaysia. It addresses complications of ground-breaking initiatives and solutions for space science and communications research, telecommunications, and meteorology. With the theme Advanced Space Technology: Accelerating Global Agenda will provide valid information to understand trends, evaluate needs, and create global development policies and programs in the best interest of all. It brings together researchers, engineers, geospatialist, meteorologists, astronomers, and practitioners in order to present the latest applications in space science, telecommunications, meteorology, remote sensing, and related fields.
Advances and Prospects of 3-d Metal-Based Anticancer Drug Candidates
by Farukh Arjmand Sartaj Tabassum Huzaifa Yasir KhanThis book reviews the potential of metallodrugs against different cancer. It summarizes the classification of metal-based anti-cancer drugs, their plausible biochemical and mechanistic pathways, combining drug strategies for hitting multiple therapeutic targets at the intracellular level, and advanced drug delivery strategies. The book covers the metallodrugs for the efficacious treatment of diverse cancerous strains and recent advances in drug delivery strategies that are used for developing these metal-based therapeutics as potent anticancer agents in vitro and in vivo. The book also covers different biophysical and analytical techniques for studying metal-ligand and metal-macromolecular interactions. The book further presents the recent examples of metallomics studies on the different types of cell death induced by metal-based anticancer drugs, especially on the three major forms of programmed cell death (PCD) in mammalian cells: apoptosis, autophagy, and regulated necrosis, alsocalled necroptosis. Lastly, the book explores the modulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by metallodrugs.
Applications of Plant Molecular Farming (Concepts and Strategies in Plant Sciences)
by Chittaranjan Kole Anurag Chaurasia Kathleen L. Hefferon Jogeswar PanigrahiThis edited book is a comprehensive compilation of applications of plant molecular farming in various fields including agriculture, industry and medicine, using different plant/crop systems as bioreactors for the bulk production of products of interest. The book places special emphasis on plant molecular farming being utilized for the bulk production of biologics, industrial enzymes, vaccines, drugs and recombinant pharmaceutical proteins.Plant molecular farming (PMF) is an upcoming promising interdisciplinary subject, and therefore the book contains contributions from experts across the disciplines. The utilization of plant viral vectors to produce biologics, virus-like particles and antimicrobial peptides via PMF have been highlighted. Molecular farming for the bulk production of recombinant pharmaceutical proteins and various types of human and veterinary vaccines in different crops/plants and genetically modified seeds has been included. The process of scaling up to manufacturing capacity, product formation by bioprocessing of plant cell suspension culture, and bioreactor engineering have been incorporated. Lastly, the book provides special coverage on utilizing PMF made products to control neglected tropical diseases and plant-made antigens as immunotherapies for allergic and autoimmune diseases.The book has chapters from leading experts on the subject, making it equally beneficial for researchers, policy planners, industrialists, medical professionals, entrepreneurs, and students of various related disciplines.
The Social Impacts of Climate Change in China over the Past 2000 Years
by Xiuqi Fang Yun Su Jingyun Zheng Lingbo Xiao Zhudeng Wei Jun YinThis book aims to illustrate how climate change had impacted the socio-economic development in the history of China, under the framework of food security. The 10 years resolution sequences indexing the status of social and economic subsystems in China over the past 2000 years are reconstructed. Statistical methods are used to reveal the major characters and main process of the impact of historical climate change on China's social economy. This book serves as a reference both for researchers, graduates, and undergraduates majoring in geography, climatology, history, and other related fields.
Materials Informatics and Catalysts Informatics: An Introduction
by Keisuke Takahashi Lauren TakahashiThis textbook is designed for students and researchers who are interested in materials and catalysts informatics with little to no prior experience in data science or programming languages. Starting with a comprehensive overview of the concept and historical context of materials and catalysts informatics, it serves as a guide for establishing a robust materials informatics environment. This essential resource is designed to teach vital skills and techniques required for conducting informatics-driven research, including the intersection of hardware, software, programming, machine learning within the field of data science and informatics. Readers will explore fundamental programming techniques, with a specific focus on Python, a versatile and widely-used language in the field. The textbook explores various machine learning techniques, equipping learners with the knowledge to harness the power of data science effectively. The textbook provides Python code examples, demonstrating materials informatics applications, and offers a deeper understanding through real-world case studies using materials and catalysts data. This practical exposure ensures readers are fully prepared to embark on their informatics-driven research endeavors upon completing the textbook. Instructors will also find immense value in this resource, as it consolidates the skills and information required for materials informatics into one comprehensive repository. This streamlines the course development process, significantly reducing the time spent on creating course material. Instructors can leverage this solid foundation to craft engaging and informative lecture content, making the teaching process more efficient and effective.
Nanomaterials for Biomedical and Bioengineering Applications
by Rabia Javed Jen-Tsung Chen Ali Talha KhalilThis book accumulates the most recent advancements in the field of bioengineering regarding hybrid science named nanobiotechnology and enriches the readers with vast and comprehensive knowledge about different biomedical applications of nanomaterials. It includes drug and gene delivery, tissue engineering, antimicrobial properties, hyperthermia, cancer therapy, bioimaging, biosensing, photoablation therapy, etc., utilizing the potential of different nanomaterials that are helpful for the well-being of diseased individuals. Furthermore, the concerns about multidrug-resistant microorganisms are increasing daily in the healthcare system. Since conventional therapies fail to combat various infectious diseases, novel nanotechnology techniques provide an alternative approach to developing innovative biomaterials. The novel features of nanomaterials need to be exploited for use in the biomedical engineering domain. They should be fabricated so that the novel multifunctional nanomaterials notonly improve drug efficacy but also reduce their side effects. Moreover, a detailed understanding of the nanotoxicological effects of promising biomedical nanomaterials should necessarily be explored using the cell culture approach. Corona of nanomaterials should be investigated in detail to determine its fate in the biological system regarding safety concerns. This is the most important feature that is novel and explored in this book and would be very helpful for customers like clinicians, scientists, engineers, and technicians who will gain extensive knowledge from this book and work together to get the desired results in the healthcare sector.
Carbon-Based Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Agricultural, Biomedical, and Environmental Interventions (Smart Nanomaterials Technology)
by Archana Joshi Bachheti Rakesh Kumar Bachheti Azamal HusenCarbon nanomaterials have several applications, which is driving up scientific research into them. The book showcases the most recent advancements and research discoveries rather than just providing an overview. Each chapter offers authoritative insights into the ever-changing field of carbon-based nanomaterials, as written by top authorities in their respective domains. The book stands out for its persistent focus on real-world application. It is devoted to practical applications and is divided into four sections. The intriguing promise of carbon nanomaterials, their synthesis, and their possible uses set the stage for the adventure. Subsequently, the emphasis shifts to agriculture, where nanomaterials have been shown to improve plant health, fend against illnesses, promote growth and development, and even help detect and remove herbicides. The biomedical part explores the potential toxicological ramifications of these materials while introducing the reader to their ground-breaking role in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and the fight against fungal diseases. Overall, the book provides valuable insights and serves as a comprehensive resource for researchers and scientists across various interdisciplinary subjects.
Plant Production for Sustainable Society as a Semi-closed Ecosystem
by Yoshiaki KitayaThis book introduces the concept of a semi-closed ecosystem, which is necessary for the social implementation of plant production, such as agriculture, in harmony with the environment. While aiming at achieving a sustainable balance of human activities and environmental protection, this book focuses on the material cycle within each semi-closed system listed below. 1) Mangrove forests as semi-closed systems in coastal ecosystems 2) Environmental control in facility-based plant production systems as semi-closed systems 3) Control of the gaseous environment in the root zone as a semi-closed system 4) Controlled ecological life support system as a completely closed ecosystem in space 5) A sustainable balance of human activities and environmental conservation in urban ecosystems. Developing efficient food production with less environmental loads is an important issue. Plant production is vital to human health and welfare, especially in urban areas as semi-closed ecosystems. Producing food efficiently under consideration of environmental protection is necessary with material-cycling systems, especially in semi-closed ecosystems. Establishing a resource recycling production system with reduced waste emissions has also become important in agriculture. Plant production will play an important role not only in food production (Goal 2 in SDGs) but also in many other goals. This book explains how we must regard plant production as semi-closed ecosystems, reduce material and energy resource inputs, and recycle waste emissions generated during production and consumption processes to solve the various issues. Students and researchers studying Agricultural Environmental Engineering, Environmental and Ecological Engineering, Systems Design for Sustainable Society, Environmental Control in Agriculture, etc., will find this publication a helpful reference.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Sustainable Agriculture: Inoculum Production and Application
by Amitava Rakshit Manoj Parihar Alok Adholeya Yinglong ChenThis 2-volume book is an up-to-date overview of current progress in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal (AMF) technique development, inoculum production and its quality regulations, application in agriculture, horticulture, agroforestry, and other ecosystems, along with nutrient management for sustainable food production. It contains the current advancement in basic and molecular techniques, challenges, opportunities, and determinates of various AMF production methods and major tools and techniques for their field application. Production and development of AMF is rapidly evolving and requires a multidisciplinary approach with up-to-date knowledge to broaden and strengthen the perspective of researchers involved in this domain. The volumes offer new insight and cutting-edge information for novices and experts such as students, academicians, researchers, environmentalists, industrialists, and others interested in mycorrhiza. The first volume covers some basic isolation techniques, enumeration,and molecular studies with recent advances in various in-vitro and in-vivo production technologies, regulatory issues, and application methodologies for field inoculation. It also discusses AMF application in various agroecosystems for sustainable agricultural production and a healthier planet.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Sustainable Agriculture: Nutrient and Crop Management
by Amitava Rakshit Manoj Parihar Alok Adholeya Yinglong ChenThis 2 volume book is an up-to-date overview of current progress in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal (AMF) technique development, inoculum production and its quality regulations, application in agriculture, horticulture, agroforestry and other ecosystems along with nutrient management for sustainable food production. It offers new insight and cutting-edge information for novices and experts such as students, academicians, researchers, environmentalists, industrialists, and other individuals interested in the field of mycorrhiza.AMF provides favorable rhizospheric environment to the plant with numerous direct and indirect mechanisms, in exchange of soil nutrients and photosynthetically fixed carbon. Other than the species composition and diversity determination of natural ecosystem, AMF play a vital role in maintaining the soil quality, agricultural sustainability and environmental integrity. The second volume provide comprehensive knowledge on AMF role in nutrient cycling, nutrient exchange and their acquisition under normal and stress condition.
Cropping Systems Modeling Under Changing Climate
by Gerrit Hoogenboom Mukhtar Ahmed Ghulam Abbas Sajjad Hussain Shakeel AhmadThis book aims at bringing out comprehensive information on cropping systems modelling in the world. The major focus of this book is to address the integration of soil, plant and environmental interactions for climate smart agriculture. This book covers aspects of application of Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer (DSSAT) for climate smart agriculture. Step-by-step details of application of modelling approaches used for various cropping systems under changing climate are provided which are being adopted by farmers in the world. The book is enriched with figures or diagrams to show the various mechanisms involved to support the decision making for climate change adaptations. Essential information is given regarding crop models calibration, evaluation and application and every individual chapter is comprised of a specific cropping system. Further contents include integration of climate models and crop models for refining the decisions for sustaining the production of various cropping systems for climate smart agriculture. This book assists the agricultural scientists involved in research regarding climate smart agriculture for improving the standards of agricultural research for ensuring food security under changing climate. This is also equally useful for policy makers being involved in future planning.
Auf dem Weg zu Netto-Null-Zielen: Nutzung von Data Science für Langzeit-Nachhaltigkeitswege
by Neha Sharma Prithwis Kumar DeDieses Buch diskutiert die Verwendung von Technologie, Data Science und Open Data, um das Netto-Null-Emissionsziel des Pariser Abkommens zum Klimawandel zu erreichen. Es gibt viele Diskussionen über Nachhaltigkeit und Lösungen für den Klimawandel, um die negativen Auswirkungen zu mildern. Die Verwendung von Technologiehebeln zur Bewältigung von Klimaherausforderungen wird jedoch selten als der bedeutendste Katalysator betrachtet. Die verfügbare Forschung in diesem Bereich ist im Allgemeinen qualitativer Natur, bei der Technologie und Daten noch nicht genutzt wurden. Durch den Einsatz von KI/ML sagt das Buch die Klimawandelfolgen aufgrund von Investitionen in den fossilen Brennstoffsektor voraus, schätzt die CO2-Emissionen des Verkehrssektors, prognostiziert die durch nicht erneuerbare Energiequellen verursachte durchschnittliche Landtemperatur und segmentiert indische Bundesstaaten auf der Grundlage von Haushalts-CO2-Emissionen. Die Forscher, Entscheidungsträger, Studenten, Lehrer, Bildungseinrichtungen, Regierungen, Regulierungsbehörden, Unternehmen, internationale Organisationen usw. werden immens von diesem Buch profitieren. Darüber hinaus soll dieses Buch dazu dienen, den nächsten Generationen eine dekarbonisierte Umgebung und eine bessere Zukunft zu bieten.
Multi-dimensional Vibrational Circular Dichroism
by Hisako Sato Jun Yoshida Akihiko YamagishiThis book provides the reader with the latest research on vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectroscopy including its useful features and applications to many fields. The book starts from an unresolved question in gel chemistry of how component molecules are organized in the flexible fibrils of gels. VCD spectroscopy was successful in giving a clear answer to this mystery. The book also describes a key aspect of this technique lay in the fact that VCD signals were remarkably enhanced when chiral molecules formed a stereoregular molecular array over a few hundred nanometers. VCD spectroscopy was also applied to other topics involving chiral molecules such as the chiral discrimination mechanism in heterogeneous asymmetric catalysis and the build-up of supramolecular chirality in molecular crystals. Furthermore, the book covers the recent instrument developments leading to multi-dimensional VCD measurements with the coordinates of wavenumber, space and time. This progress has opened up new biological and medical applications such as the heterogenous distributions of protein domains in insect wings and the quality control of chiral drugs. The last part of the book presents the possibility of medical diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease through multi-dimensional VCD analyses. This book appeals not only to researchers and students who study spectroscopy but also to ones in catalysis, biology and medicine as users of the VCD methods.
Recent Advances in Structural Health Monitoring and Engineering Structures: Select Proceedings of SHM&ES 2023 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #460)
by Amir H. Gandomi Le Thanh Cuong Samir Khatir Laith AbualigahThis book presents the select proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Structural Health Monitoring & Engineering Structures (SHM&ES 2023). It covers the recent advances in the fields related to structural health monitoring, damage detection and assessment, non-destructive testing, inverse problems, optimization, artificial neural networks, and evaluation. This book is useful for researchers and professionals working in the field of health monitoring of engineering structures.
Advances in Theoretical and Applied Mechanics: Proceedings of ISTAM 2022 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Rajendra K. Ray Swaroop Nandan Bora Dipak Kumar MaitiThis book presents select proceedings of the 67th Congress of the Indian Society of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (ISTAM-2022). The content includes chapters on topics such as fluid mechanics, aerospace dynamics, atmospheric sciences and oceanography, geophysical environmental fluid dynamics, biomechanics, computational fluid dynamics, experimental methods in fluid dynamics, mathematical modelling, statistical mechanics, computational solid mechanics, experimental method in solid mechanics, mechanics of composites, and robotics and control. The book will be a valuable reference for researchers and professionals interested in applied and computational mechanics and allied fields.
Controllable Nonlinear Waves in Graded-Index Waveguides (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Thokala Soloman RajuThis book highlights the dynamical behavior of self-similar waves in graded-index waveguides in (1+1)-dimensions and (2+1)-dimensions. The mechanism to control these optical similaritons by tailoring the tapering profile is presented. Various nonlinear waves like rogons, butterfly-shaped, and dromion-like waves and their controllable behavior are discussed in detail. The phenomenon of unbreakable Parity-Time symmetry of some of these waves has been delineated for different variety of solvable potentials. Compression of these exotic waves has been demonstrated for dispersion decreasing fiber and periodic management of dispersion and nonlinearity parameters. Competing cubic-quintic nonlinearity scenario and its potential implication on the dynamics of these similaritons has been described in detail. Symbiotic self-similar rogue waves have been discussed in (2+1)-dimensional garded-index waveguide. The book also includes numerical simulations that complement these analytical insights.
Hansen Coefficients in Satellite Orbital Dynamics (Springer Aerospace Technology)
by Mingjiang Zhang Lianda WuThis book highlights the systematic investigation into the calculation of Hansen coefficients and their derivatives in satellite orbital dynamics. Direct, recurrence and other types of calculation methods of Hansen coefficients and their derivatives are comprehensively presented. The calculation in motion theory without singularities is particularly discussed. From the perspective of accuracy and efficiency, the advantages and disadvantages of various calculation methods are compared and analyzed, and some improvements are proposed. This book is intended for graduate students and researchers engaged in astronomy, space science, and geodesy. One can choose from the calculation methods of Hansen coefficients and their derivatives presented in this book to meet their practical needs.
Diffusionics: Diffusion Process Controlled by Diffusion Metamaterials
by Fu-Bao Yang Ji-Ping HuangThis open access book presents a comprehensive exploration of diffusion metamaterials that control energy and mass diffusion. Currently, if from the perspective of governing equations, diffusion metamaterials and wave metamaterials (pioneered by J. B. Pendry in the 1990s) are recognised as the two most prominent branches in the field of metamaterials. These two branches differ in their emphasis on the diffusion equation (as the governing equation) and time-dependent characteristic lengths in diffusion metamaterials, as opposed to the wave equation (as the governing equation) and time-independent characteristic lengths in wave metamaterials. Organized into three distinct parts – 'Thermal Diffusion Metamaterials', 'Particle Diffusion Metamaterials', and 'Plasma Diffusion Metamaterials' – this book offers a rigorous exploration spanning physics, engineering, and materials science, aimed at advancing our understanding of diffusion processes controlled by diffusion metamaterials. Incorporating foundational theory, computational simulations, and laboratory experiments, the book equips researchers and scholars across these disciplines with comprehensive methods, insights, and results pivotal to the advancement of diffusion control. Beyond facilitating interdisciplinary discourse, the book serves as a catalyst for innovative breakthroughs at the crossroads of physics, thermodynamics, and materials science. Essentially, readers will acquire profound insights that empower them to spearhead advancements in diffusion science (diffusionics) and the engineering of metamaterials.
Proceedings of the Third World Conference on Floating Solutions: WCFS 2023; 28–29 August, Tokyo, Japan (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #465)
by Chien Ming Wang Soon Heng Lim Tomoki Ikoma Shigeru TabetaThis book includes peer-reviewed articles from the Third World Conference on Floating Solutions WCFS 2023 Japan with an aim to pioneer the SDGs and Next SDGs by making the most use of oceans and water. In recent years, the safety and security of people's lives around the world have been threatened by frequent floods and rising sea levels attributable to climate change. The COP 26 has set a common global goal of limiting the temperature rise to 1.5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels. It is an urgent task to cope with climate change as well as to utilize decarbonized and renewable energy. The UN is promoting the SDGs which aim to achieve 17 Goals between 2015 and 2030. However, efforts to reach the Goals will not end in 2030 but will be an ongoing challenge for humanity beyond 2030. Here, we tentatively call the Goals to be achieved after the SDGs as "Next SDGs." Ocean and water have the potential to provide solutions to the disasters such as flooding and sea level rise due to climate change. In this context, WCFS 2023 presents ocean and water as the urban infrastructure and explores new technology and feasible solutions. In particular, it is necessary to consider urban planning, marine architecture, port planning connecting land and sea, disaster prevention, renewable energy, and food production on the sea and water. Further, it is indispensable that knowledge, experience, dream, and strong desire to realize these challenges are supported by a diversity of people.
AI, Consciousness and The New Humanism: Fundamental Reflections on Minds and Machines
by Sangeetha Menon Saurabh Todariya Tilak AgerwalaThis edited volume presents perspectives from computer science, information theory, neuroscience and brain imaging, aesthetics, social sciences, psychiatry, and philosophy to answer frontier questions related to artificial intelligence and human experience. Can a machine think, believe, aspire and be purposeful as a human? What is the place in the machine world for hope, meaning and transformative enlightenment that inspires human existence? How, or are, the minds of machines different from that of humans and other species? These questions are responded to along with questions in the intersection of health, intelligence and the brain. It highlights the place of consciousness by attempting to respond to questions with the help of fundamental reflections on human existence, its life-purposes and machine intelligence. The volume is a must-read for interdisciplinary and multidisciplinary researchers in humanities and social sciences and philosophy of science who wish to understand the future of AI and society.