- Table View
- List View
Medicinal Plants and Antimicrobial Therapies
by Vinay Kumar Varsha Shriram Abhijit DeyThis book serves as an excellent comprehensive material covering the current understandings and updates on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the use of medicinal plant resources for tackling it. Chapters cover important aspects of AMR and strategies to address this threatening issue with medicinal plants and their resources. One health perspectives for addressing AMR have been presented for the readers. Antimicrobial medicinal plant therapeutic resources including crude extracts, active fractions, pure molecules and essential oils, besides using them as functionalizing agents for nano-antimicrobials have been covered. Further, plant endophytes as a source of antimicrobial compounds have been discussed. Chapters cover both the bactericidal as well as resistance-reversal (or potentiating/ combinatorial therapies) potencies of medicinal plant resources. The book also focuses on how medicinal plant resources effectively target major determinants of AMR. Use of metabolomics in understanding and targeting AMR mechanisms and identifying potent phyto-therapeutics has been discussed as well. The book is a valuable read for both experienced and younger researchers working in the field of AMR and related fields in biomedicine, pharmacy, and clinical research.
Agroforestry to Combat Global Challenges: Current Prospects and Future Challenges (Sustainable Development and Biodiversity #36)
by Hanuman Singh Jatav Vishnu D. Rajput Tatiana Minkina Eric D. Van Hullebusch Asik DuttaThis edited book brings out comprehensive insights on agro-forestry systems to cope up climate change globally. The main essence of this book is to unfurl the positive sides of agri-silvipastoral system to reduce greenhouse gases (GHGs) and temperature. Agro-forestry can be defined as the farming practice combining field crops, perennial trees and livestock. The impact of agro-forestry on ecology is implacable which is thoroughly discussed under different heads in this book. In addition, the book is bundle of different novel sections including tables, graphical representation, and figures showcasing the bright side of agro-forestry system. Furthermore, trees which are important component of boosting socio-economic conditions, especially for the indigenous populations have also been discussed meticulously. Hence, all together this book deciphers an account of agro-forestry practices in society and environment along with the major pros- and cons- of the system. Undoubtedly, this information could enrich the scholarly knowledge for graduate research fellows, teachers, scientists, researchers, and environmentalists in gaining multifaceted information of agro-forestry system in both ecological and economical aspects. Different research highlights will be helpful for the policy makers to implement this novel practice in intensive production systems and harness the maximum benefits out of this.
Playful Science Investigations in Early Childhood: A Longitudinal Case Study (SpringerBriefs in Education)
by Azra Moeed Stephen Dobson Sankari SahaThis book showcases a case study of the development of a generalist early childhood education (ECE) teacher into a confident and competent teacher of science in early childhood with support from a mentor. It argues that with guided mentoring, and later, timely support of a mentor as and when required, ECE teachers can deliver the curriculum, teach science by providing opportunities to explore and then build on children’s interest through intentionally planned activities, dialogue, and discourse. It presents a comprehensive literature review and research design including theoretical frames and methodology. It includes a chapter on teacher development and discusses different approaches to science investigations practiced by the teacher in the case study. The book provides evidence of children’s science learning and presents the findings as response to research questions. It also includes a model of teaching as inquiry in the context of early childhood education.
Geometric Feature-Based Fiber Optic Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensors (Springer Tracts in Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
by Sanjeev Kumar Raghuwanshi Santosh Kumar Ritesh KumarThis book focuses on the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) technique covering fibre optic sensor research. It highlights recent advancements in geometric feature-based fibre optic SPR sensors for chemical/biochemical/biosensor applications. The contents also discuss the principle of the SPR sensing technique as well as various designs of fibre optic SPR probes for improving sensor sensitivity. It also includes numerous examples of SPR-based fibre optic sensors with various geometric (such as U-type, taper type, D-type, and interferometric-based) sensors. This volume will be a useful reference to those in academia and industry especially researchers with useful information focusing on fibre optic SPR sensors.
Two-Dimensional Superconductivity in Rare Earth Oxybismuthides with Unusual Valent Bismuth Square Net (Springer Theses)
by Ryosuke SeiThis book elucidates fascinating electronic phenomena of unusual Bi2-square net in layered R2O2Bi (R: rare earth) compounds using two approaches: the fabrication of epitaxial thin films and the synthesis of bulk polycrystalline powders. The Bi2-square net compounds are a promising platform to explore exotic physical properties originating from the interplay between a two-dimensional electronic state and strong spin–orbit coupling; however, there are few reports on Bi2-square net compounds due to the instability of unusual electronic configurations. The book presents the development of synthetic routes for R2O2Bi compounds, such as novel solid phase epitaxy techniques and chemical control of crystal structure, demonstrating the intrinsic physical properties of Bi2-square net for the first time. The most notable finding is the successful induction of two-dimensional superconductivity in Bi2-square net with the coexistence of rich electronic phases. The book also discusses the superconducting mechanisms and the effect of R cation substitution in detail and describes the mechanical properties of Bi2-square net. These findings overturn the results of previous studies of R2O2Bi. The book sheds light on hidden layered compounds, representing a significant advance in the field.
Medical Robotics: History, Challenges, and Future Directions (Innovative Medical Devices)
by Yao Guo Giulio Dagnino Guang-Zhong YangThis book outlines the global trends and new research directions of medical robotics, while also highlighting associated technical, commercial, regulatory, and economic challenges. In particular, it focuses on three areas of medical robotics: (i) robotic surgery, (ii) rehabilitation and personal assistance, and (iii) hospital automation. With improved safety, efficacy and reduced costs, robotic platforms will soon approach a tipping point, moving beyond early adopters to become part of the mainstream clinical practice, defining the future of smart hospitals and home-based patient care. This book provides an up-to-date, concise, focused, and effective overview of medical robotics, making the content suitable for readers with different technical backgrounds, including bioengineering, robotics, computer science, as well as clinical professionals. The clarity of the exposure of complex topics in simple way makes the book a unique resource for both experienced professionals and novices who approach medical robotics. As a reference for medical robot research, readers can select some chapters according to their own interests.
Ab Initio Molecular Dynamics Analysis Based on Reduced-Dimensionality Reaction Route Map (Springer Theses)
by Takuro TsutsumiThis thesis proposes useful tools, on-the-fly trajectory mapping method and Reaction Space Projector (ReSPer), to analyze chemical reaction mechanisms by combining the reaction route map and the ab initio molecular dynamics. The key concept for the proposed tools is the Cartesian distance between pairwise molecular structures, and a practical procedure to get the optimal distance is introduced. The on-the-fly trajectory mapping method tracks the distance function between reference structures and molecular structures along the trajectory. Although this method provides fruitful insight into dynamic reaction behaviors, the visualization of reaction routes into a low-dimensional space is still challenging because of the multi-dimensionality. ReSPer successfully constructs a low-dimensional reaction space defined by mathematically-selected principal coordinates representing mutual distance relationships in the full-dimensional space. ReSPer also enables us to project trajectories into the reaction space in the reduced dimension. In this thesis, these methods are applied to several reactions, including bifurcating and photochemical reactions, revealing dynamically-allowed reaction mechanisms. This thesis provides robust and versatile tools to elucidate dynamical reaction routes on the basis of the reduced-dimensionality reaction route map and will help control chemical reaction dynamics and select descriptors for machine learning.
Novel Plant Natural Product Skeletons: Discoveries from 1999-2021
by Yongxian Cheng Dapeng QinThis book provides an overview of the new plant natural product skeletons discovered from 1999 to 2021. It categorizes these natural products by providing their names, source distributions, structural types, structure characteristics, and bioactivities. A total of 1373 plant products in 99 families are presented, which cover 36 different structure types within the Hypericaceae family of which the majority are alkaloid structures. In addition, it presents the biological profiling in the last 23 years by summarizing the biological activities and potential disadvantages. The new natural products skeleton presented are unprecedented structural scaffolds and could bring new opportunities for biological/pharmaceutical areas and provide new structure templates for synthetic chemists. This book helps readers gain in-depth insight into the past and recent trends of natural products; it also assists those interested in assessing the potential biological function of the natural products.
Solar Cells: Types and Applications
by Sandeep Arya Prerna MahajanThis book highlights developments in the field of solar cells. The chapters in this book address a wide range of topics including the spectrum of light received by solar cell devices, the basic functioning of a solar cell, and the evolution of solar cell technology during the last 50 years. It places particular emphasis on silicon solar cells, CIGS-based solar cells, organic solar cells, perovskite solar cells and hybrid solar cells. The book describes in detail the fabrication processes employed for different categories of solar cells. It also provides the characterization techniques utilized in this sector to evaluate the performance of solar cells and the scope of this domain in the future. Overall, it presents the essential theoretical and practical concepts of solar cells in an easy-to-understand manner.
Redox Regulation and Therapeutic Approaches in Cancer
by Mohinder Pal BansalThis book aims to provide an association of the major redox-sensitive pathways and networks involved in cancer. The initial chapter of the book discusses basic information about oxidative stress, its generation, and regulation (redox regulation or redox homeostasis) via cell signaling in normal and cancer cells. The book also explores antioxidants and metabolic events in cancer cells compared to normal cells. It further covers the application of nanoparticles in redox regulation in cancer cells. The role of redox regulation in cancer therapy, its influence, and its involvement in programmed cell death (PCD), metastasis, immune system, p53, and cell cycle/DNA damage repair pathways have been discussed in separate chapters. It further reviews the importance of dietary phytochemicals in redox regulation in normal and cancer pathophysiology. Towards the end, the book focuses on the role of redox balance, especially in ROS-dependent cellular processes in cancer stem cells.
Pollution and Its Minimization: Proceedings of the 2022 10th International Conference on Environment Pollution and Prevention (Environmental Science and Engineering)
by Richard HaynesThis book presents peer-reviewed papers of the 2022 10th International Conference on Environment Pollution and Prevention (ICEPP 2022), which was held in Sydney, Australia, during December 16–18, 2022. With the worldwide increase in industrialization and movement of people toward larger cities, there has been a progressive increase in environmental pollution. The issues surrounding air, water, soil, and land pollution are now considered of global concern. Minimization of pollution involves the repeated reuse of products, reduction in waste generation, and processing and recycling of resources into new products. Pollution prevention practices not only reduce waste, but also improve safety and decrease disposal costs. The book is useful for students, academics, entrepreneurs, and professionals who are working in the important field of environmental pollution and its prevention.
Low Carbon Materials and Technologies for a Sustainable and Resilient Infrastructure: Select Proceedings of CBKR 2023 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #440)
by Rathish Kumar Pancharathi Christopher K. Y. Leung J. M. Chandra KishenThis book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Cement and Building Koncrete infrastructure for sustainability and Resilience (CBKR-2023). It discusses the latest technologies and innovative and non-conventional materials for sustainable built environment. The topics covered include alternate, sustainable, cost-effective, and smart materials and technologies. It also covers applications of artificial intelligence and machine learning in construction, MCDM techniques, performance-based design, and 3D printing technologies. The book is useful for researchers and professionals in the area of civil engineering and materials science.
Aircraft Fatigue Management (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Lorrie MolentFatigue occurs under cyclic loading and can significantly degrade the operational capability and safety of metallic aircraft components and structures. This book provides summaries of some metallic aircraft structural integrity issues, innovative but established examples of maintaining operational capability—airworthiness, and assessments of safe in-service fatigue lives. These topics are based on a through-life fatigue management philosophy that ensures safe and continued operation, including during life extensions that are almost inevitably required. This philosophy is underpinned by observations of the behaviour of fatigue cracks in actual structures subjected to realistic service loading conditions. The book includes topics like aircraft design requirements, individual aircraft fatigue loads monitoring, airframe fatigue testing, sources of fatigue-nucleating discontinuities, and prediction of fatigue crack growth from these discontinuities. All these aspects contribute to discussing methods of assuring the structural integrity and operational capability of realistically cracked structures. The book also discusses the exponential behaviour of lead or dominant cracks—those leading to first failure—and the practical significance of differences between fatigue fracture topographies produced under constant amplitude and variable amplitude loading. The book can be a valuable reference for researchers and professionals interested in aircraft fatigue management and allied fields.
Hematopoietic Stem Cells: Keystone of Tissue Development and Regenerative Medicine (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1442)
by Meng Zhao Pengxu QianThis book renders a comprehensive understanding of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) from their embryonic development through adult maintenance to aging, in the studies conducted in zebrafish and mammals. Hematopoiesis provides a paradigm for understanding the development, maintenance, regeneration, aging and malignant transformation of mammalian organs. Sitting at the apex of the hematopoiesis hierarchy tree, HSCs orchestrate their proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation to produce all the blood cell lineages throughout life, which represents the best example for somatic stem cell studies. In this book, key regulatory mechanisms for HSC self-renewal and differentiation are overviewed in an array of fields including epigenetics, metabolism and microenvironment regulation. It also highlights the HSC heterogeneity and clonal dynamics from the recent advanced single-cell technologies. This book elaborates on the research history of HSC studies and reveals how the insights from HSC studies shed light on their clinic application. It presents great value from the bench to the clinic.
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in Engineering: ICECME 2022, Banda Aceh, September 14–15, 2022 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Irwansyah Mohd. Iqbal Syifaul Huzni AkhyarThis book gathers a selection of peer-reviewed papers presented at the 4th International Conference on Experimental and Computational Mechanics in Engineering (ICECME 2022), held as a virtual conference and organized by Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia, on September 14–15, 2022.This book, prepared by international scientists and engineers, covers the latest advances in computational mechanics, metallurgy and material science, energy systems, manufacturing processing systems, industrial and system engineering, biomechanics, artificial intelligence, micro-/nano-engineering, micro-electro-mechanical system, machine learning, mechatronics, and engineering design. This book is intended for academics, including graduate students and researchers, as well as industrial practitioners working in the areas of experimental and computational mechanics.
Functional Mesoporous Carbon-Based Film Devices for Energy Systems
by Biao Kong Hongbin Xu Lei Xie Shan ZhouThis book introduces the synthesis of functional mesoporous carbon-based films and their applications in energy systems. In the last decades, the consumption of fossil fuels has led to many problems such as the energy crisis and climate change. The rapidly increasing energy demands and environmental issues have attracted lots of attention to develop new functional materials for sustainable energy technology. Mesoporous carbon-based films show unique properties and have been regarded as a promising material applied in highly efficient energy storage and conversion systems. Interfacial assembly strategies are usually employed to construct such film devices. In this book, recent developments in synthesis of mesoporous carbon-based film devices through interfacial assembly strategies are illustrated. Additionally, the applications of mesoporous carbon-based film devices for electrochemical energy systems including batteries and electrocatalysis are introduced to demonstrate their potential, as well as describing the mechanisms to enhance the performance of these systems. Finally, some challenges and future outlooks are presented to inspire better development and contributions to this field in coming years. Given its scope, this book appeals to undergraduate students, graduate students, engineers, and researchers involved in related fields.
Plant Resistance to Insects in Major Field Crops
by Sarwan Kumar Michael FurlongThis edited book is a comprehensive collection of information on host plant resistance to insects in major field crops. The focus of the book is to make the audience aware of the latest developments in host plant resistance in major field crops and how it can be used for sustainable pest management solutions. It deals with the insect-plant interactions, plant defence responses to herbivore attacks, plant phenotyping, and breeding for insect resistance. Insects are an important group of biotic stresses that limit crop productivity in many regions of the world. At present, they are largely managed by synthetic insecticides which have their own adverse effects including insecticide resistance, pest resurgence, environmental pollution, and pesticide residues, to name a few. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop alternate pest management strategies that can provide a sustainable solution to pest problems. Host plant resistance is considered an important pest management strategy as it offers an effective, economical, and environmental friendly solution to pest problems. This book is of interest to postgraduate students, crop entomologists, and breeders working on host plant resistance to insect pests. It is also valuable for teachers, researchers, and climate change scientists.The book serves as an additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, ecology, and environmental sciences. Agricultural experts from around the world, as well as policymakers, will also find this book helpful.
Beamforming in Medical Ultrasound Imaging (Springer Tracts in Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
by Babak Mohammadzadeh Asl Roya ParidarThis book deals with the concept of medical ultrasound imaging and discusses array signal processing in ultrasound. Signal processing using different beamforming techniques in order to achieve a desirable reconstructed image and, consequently, obtain useful information about the imaging medium is the main focus of this book. In this regard, the principles of image reconstruction techniques in ultrasound imaging are fully described, and the required processing steps are completely expanded and analyzed in detail. Simulation results to compare the performance of different beamformers are also included in this book to visualize their differences to the reader. Other advanced techniques in the field of medical ultrasound data processing, as well as their corresponding recent achievements, are also presented in this book. Simply put, in this book, processing of medical ultrasound data from different aspects and acquiring information from them in different manners are covered and organized in different chapters. Before going through the detailed explanation in each chapter, it gives the reader an overview of the considered issue and focuses his\her mind on the challenge ahead. The contents of the book are also presented in such a way that they are easy for the reader to understand. This book is recommended for researchers who study medical ultrasound data processing.
Design for a Sustainable Circular Economy: Research and Practice Consequences (Design Science and Innovation)
by Gavin Brett Melles Christian WölfelThis multi-authored book aims to illustrate the social, economic, and ecological factors that should determine and be determined by design in the implementation of a sustainable circular economy and society. We take design to refer to a continuum of perspectives and applications from industrial design to policy design, and this broad perspective invites theoretical and methodological contributions from a range of fields. In addition to bringing scholarly diversity to circularity, we expand and challenge the mainstream circular economy narrative of material efficiencies and green growth to include the demands of inclusive growth and ecological boundaries consistent with sustainable development. Readers from within and beyond design, conscious of the limitations of circular green growth will find new inspiration in this book regarding the nature of a sustainable circular economy and society and the broad design agenda that must be implemented to enable a just and informed circular transition.
From Waste to Wealth
by Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain Om Prakash Verma George D. Verros Raj Kumar AryaThis book serves as a guide, leading readers towards a world where waste ceases to be a burden, but a wellspring of possibilities. Whether the goal is to enhance expertise, ignite creativity, or develop a thorough grasp of waste's transformative possibilities, this book serves to achieve a more sustainable and prosperous future. It provides an invaluable treasure of knowledge for readers, researchers, working professionals, and academics alike, and offers a comprehensive roadmap to address the waste crisis with sustainable solutions. The book introduces readers to a diverse range of sustainable approaches that address the pressing challenges of waste management and resource conservation. From converting waste into building materials to employing waste in innovative 3D printing applications, these sustainable approaches empower individuals to make informed choices for a greener future. It provides in-depth insights that captivate waste management and environmental specialists while offering accessible entry points for those new to the subject.
Carbon-Based Electrodes for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries and Their Interfacial Electrochemistry (Springer Theses)
by Jun ZhangThis book focuses on the development of high-performance carbon electrodes for sodium ion batteries (SIBs). By proposing folded-graphene as the high-density cathode with excellent rate capability, it provides insight into the interplay between oxygen functional groups and folded texture. It also highlights the superiority of ether electrolytes matching with carbon anodes, which are shown to deliver largely improved electrochemical performance. The achievements presented offer a valuable contribution to the carbon-based electrodes in SIBs.
Bridging Peace and Sustainability Amidst Global Transformations (World Sustainability Series)
by Ayyoob Sharifi Dahlia Simangan Shinji KanekoThis book is the sequel to a well-received book titled ‘Integrated Approaches to Peace and Sustainability’ that aims to further advance the understanding of the dynamic interactions between various components of peace and sustainability. How are peace and sustainability linked to each other, and what are the key parameters that define the nexus between them? This book addresses those questions through a combination of theoretical studies and empirical research that contextualize peace and sustainability issues amid global transformations. The conceptual and empirical linkages between peace and sustainability are widely recognized in academic and policy circles. The adoption of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development confirms this recognition. However, many of the initiatives on peace and sustainability operate in silos, undermining the positive and mutually reinforcing relationship between them. Enhanced integration of peace and sustainability components is imperative for addressing complex challenges that come with global transformations that are manifested environmentally, socially, politically, and economically across levels. It is, therefore, crucial to identify the pathways that enhance the peace-promoting potential of sustainability and the sustainability-promoting potential of peace. The contributions in this edited book elaborate on such pathways by offering insights related to different social, economic, and environmental aspects of the peace-sustainability nexus. Given its inter- and trans-disciplinary focus, the book is of interest to policymakers and researchers working in different areas of peace and sustainability. It contributes to ongoing academic and policy discussions surrounding the outcomes of and challenges to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly SDG 16 on peace, justice and strong institutions.
Advances of Multisensory Integration in the Brain (Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology #1437)
by Yong Gu Adam ZaidelThis book presents the latest research on multisensory brain function. Namely, the mechanisms by which the brain processes and integrates information from multiple sensory modalities. Its contents cover a broad range of topics, including optimal integration, cross-modal interactions, calibration, and causal inference – with an emphasis on their neuronal underpinnings. By bringing together efforts from different laboratories around the world we aim to collaboratively shed light on these fundamental brain processes, that underlie perception, cognition, and behavior in a complex multisensory world, and to spur innovation of brain-inspired technologies
Adaptation under Stressful Environments through Biological Adjustments and Interventions
by Rajkumar Tulsawani Divya VohoraThe book delves into the intricate interplay of stress and adaptive responses, and their multifaceted dynamics influenced by stress type, exposure duration, genetic factors, and lifestyle elements. It unveils the complexity of stress management, unveiling how adaptive strategies evolve in response to stressors. By harnessing scientific breakthroughs in stress response comprehension, the book navigates the path to effective stress mitigation. Through avenues such as pharmacological interventions, dietary adjustments, psychological enhancement, and more, the book advocates for achieving adaptive resilience—a state where the system effectively copes with stress. The text encapsulates an array of stressors, including extreme stress, oxidative stress, and genotoxic stress, dissecting their impact on systemic equilibrium and health. The book's focal point rests on adaptive mechanisms that vary with stressor types, while also spotlighting how these mechanisms can be calibrated through pharmacological and alternative means. This is an invaluable resource for understanding, mitigating, and harnessing the power of adaptation in the face of stress-induced challenges.
Metal and Metal-Oxide Based Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Agricultural, Biomedical and Environmental Interventions (Smart Nanomaterials Technology)
by Rakesh Kumar Bachheti Archana Bachheti Azamal HusenThe book in hand, namely “Metal and Metal-Oxide Based Nanomaterials (Synthesis, Agricultural, Biomedical and Environmental Interventions”, focuses on the synthesis methods, characterization techniques, and diverse interventions utilizing these nanomaterials in the fields of agriculture, biomedicine, and environmental remediation. The specific applications discussed include food packaging, post-harvest disease management, crop production, drug delivery systems, other biomedical applications, photocatalytic degradation of environmental pollutants, and wastewater treatment. Additionally, it also addresses the potential risks associated with zinc nanoparticles in aquatic ecosystems and emphasizes the importance of further research and regulation in this field. Overall, the book provides valuable insights and serves as a comprehensive resource for researchers and scientists across various interdisciplinary subjects. It serves as a valuable resource for scientists, researchers, and students in nanotechnology, nanomedicine, environmental science, plant science, agriculture, chemistry, biotechnology, pharmacognosy, pharmaceuticals, industrial chemistry, and other interdisciplinary subjects. Moreover, this also inspires further research, innovation, and the development of sustainable solutions for a better future.