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Conservation and Painting Techniques of Wall Paintings on the Ancient Silk Road (Cultural Heritage Science)
by Shigeo Aoki Yoko Taniguchi Stephen Rickerby Michiyo Mori Takayasu Kijima Su Bomin Fumiyoshi KirinoThis book presents recent research on ancient Silk Road wall paintings, providing an up-to-date analysis of their coloring materials and techniques, and of developments in efforts to preserve them.The destruction of the Bamiyan Buddhas in 2001 encouraged international collaboration between conservation research institutes to study and protect the Silk Road’s painted heritage. The collaborations led to exciting new discoveries of the rich materials used in wall painting, including diverse pigments and colorants, and various types of organic binding media. In addition, comparative research across the region revealed shared painting practices that indicate the sophisticated exchange of technologies and ideas. In parallel with these advances in technical understanding, greater awareness and sensitivity has been fostered in endeavors to preserve this fragile heritage. The book offers insights obtained from conservation projects and ongoing research, that encompass the geographical regions and periods related to the Silk Road, including from Japan, China, Korea, India and Afghanistan, and countries of the Eastern Mediterranean region. It also discusses the current issues and future challenges in the field. Featuring concise chapters, the book is a valuable resource for students and professionals in the field of cultural heritage preservation, as well as those who are not familiar with the fascinating topic of Silk Road wall painting research.
Theoretical, Computational, and Experimental Solutions to Thermo-Fluid Systems: Select Proceedings of ICITFES 2020 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Muthukumar Palanisamy Velraj Ramalingam Murugan SivalingamThis book presents select proceedings of the International Conference on Innovations in Thermo-Fluid Engineering and Sciences (ICITFES 2020). It covers topics in theoretical and experimental fluid dynamics, numerical methods in heat transfer and fluid mechanics, different modes of heat transfer, multiphase flow, fluid machinery, fluid power, refrigeration and air conditioning, and cryogenics. The book will be helpful to the researchers, scientists, and professionals working in the field of fluid mechanics and machinery, and thermal engineering.
Recent Advances in Mechanical Infrastructure: Proceedings of ICRAM 2020 (Lecture Notes in Intelligent Transportation and Infrastructure)
by Ajit Kumar Parwani Pl. Ramkumar Kumar Abhishek Saurabh Kumar YadavThis book contains high-quality papers presented in the conference Recent Advances in Mechanical Infrastructure (ICRAM 2020) held at IITRAM, Ahmedabad, India, from 21-23 August 2020. The topics covered in this book are recent advances in thermal infrastructure, manufacturing infrastructure and infrastructure planning and design.
Marketing and Smart Technologies: Proceedings of ICMarkTech 2020 (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies #205)
by Álvaro Rocha José Luís Reis Marc K. Peter Zorica Bogdanović Ricardo Cayolla Sandra LoureiroThis book includes selected papers presented at the International Conference on Marketing and Technologies (ICMarkTech 2020), held at ISCTE - University Institute of Lisbon, in the city of Lisbon in Portugal, between 8 and 10 October 2020. It covers up-to-date cutting-edge research on artificial intelligence applied in marketing, virtual and augmented reality in marketing, business intelligence databases and marketing, data mining and big data, marketing data science, web marketing, e-commerce and v-commerce, social media and networking, geomarketing and IoT, marketing automation and inbound marketing, machine learning applied to marketing, customer data management and CRM, and neuromarketing technologies.
Evolutionary Data Clustering: Algorithms and Applications (Algorithms for Intelligent Systems)
by Ibrahim Aljarah Hossam Faris Seyedali MirjaliliThis book provides an in-depth analysis of the current evolutionary clustering techniques. It discusses the most highly regarded methods for data clustering. The book provides literature reviews about single objective and multi-objective evolutionary clustering algorithms. In addition, the book provides a comprehensive review of the fitness functions and evaluation measures that are used in most of evolutionary clustering algorithms. Furthermore, it provides a conceptual analysis including definition, validation and quality measures, applications, and implementations for data clustering using classical and modern nature-inspired techniques. It features a range of proven and recent nature-inspired algorithms used to data clustering, including particle swarm optimization, ant colony optimization, grey wolf optimizer, salp swarm algorithm, multi-verse optimizer, Harris hawks optimization, beta-hill climbing optimization. The book also covers applications of evolutionary data clustering in diverse fields such as image segmentation, medical applications, and pavement infrastructure asset management.
Bioprospecting of Enzymes in Industry, Healthcare and Sustainable Environment
by Hrudayanath Thatoi Sonali Mohapatra Swagat Kumar DasThe rapid urbanization and industrialization of developing countries across the globe have necessitated for substantial resource utilization and development in the areas of Healthcare, Environment, and Renewable energy. In this context ,this resourceful book serves as a definitive source of information for the recent developments in application of microbial enzymes in various sectors. It covers applications in fermentation processes and their products, extraction and utilisation of enzymes from various sources and their application in health and biomass conversion for production of value added products. Different chapters discuss various areas of bioprospecting in enzyme technology, and describe why these are the mainstays for industrial production of value added products. The rich compilation of the cutting-edge advances and applications of the modern industrial based techniques hold feasible solutions for a range of current issues in enzyme technology.This book will be of particular interest for scientists, academicians, technical resource persons, engineers and members of industry. Undergraduate and graduate students pursuing courses in the area of industrial biotechnology will find the information in the book valuable. General readers having interest towards biofuels, enzyme technology, fermented food and value added products, phytochemicals and phytopharmaceutical products will also find the book appealing. Readers will discover modern concepts of enzymatic bioprocess technology for production of therapeutics and industrial value added products.
Ecological Intensification of Natural Resources for Sustainable Agriculture
by Manoj Kumar Jhariya Ram Swaroop Meena Arnab BanerjeeEcological intensification involves using natural resources such as land, water, soil nutrients, and other biotic and abiotic variables in a sustainable way to achieve high performance and efficiency in agricultural yield with minimal damage to the agroecosystems. With increasing food demand there is high pressure on agricultural systems. The concept of ecological intensification presents the mechanisms of ensuring high agricultural productivity by restoration the soil health and landscape ecosystem services. The approach involves the replacement of anthropogenic inputs with eco-friendly and sustainable alternates. Effective ecological intensification requires an understanding of ecosystems services, ecosystem's components, and flow of resources in the agroecosystems. Also, awareness of land use patterns, socio-economic factors, and needs of the farmer community plays a crucial role. It is therefore essential to understand the interaction of ecosystem constituents within the extensive agricultural landscape. The editors critically examined the status of ecological stress in agroecosystems and address the issue of ecological intensification for natural resources management. Drawing upon research and examples from around the world, the book is offering an up-to-date account, and insight into the approaches that can be put in practice for poly-cropping systems and landscape-scale management to increase the stability of agricultural production systems to achieve ‘Ecological resilience’. It further discusses the role of farmer communities and the importance of their awareness about the issues. This book will be of interest to teachers, researchers, climate change scientists, capacity builders, and policymakers. Also, the book serves as additional reading material for undergraduate and graduate students of agriculture, forestry, ecology, agronomy, soil science, and environmental sciences. National and international agricultural scientists, policymakers will also find this to be a useful read for green future.
Poisson Theory of Elastic Plates (Springer Tracts in Mechanical Engineering)
by Kaza Vijayakumar Girish Kumar RamaiahThis groundbreaking book resolves the main lacuna in Kirchhoff theory of bending of plates in the Poisson-Kirchhoff boundary conditions paradox through the introduction of auxiliary problem governing transverse stresses. The book highlights new primary bending problem which is formulated and analyzed by the application of developed Poisson theory. Analysis with prescribed transverse stresses along faces of the plate, neglected in most reported theories, is presented with an additional term in displacements. The book presents a systematic procedure for the analysis of unsymmetrical laminates. This volume will be a useful reference for students, practicing engineers as well as researchers in applied mechanics.
Pulsed Alternators Technologies and Application
by Shaopeng Wu Shumei CuiThis book focuses on pulsed alternators design and applications. Both principles and design methods have been addressed. This is achieved by providing in-depth study on a number of major topics such as electrical design, thermal management, mechanical analysis, and special application. The research results and practical experience accumulated in the preliminary research, the National Natural Science Foundation of China and other major cooperative projects. Taking the pulse alternator as the core component, the entire pulse alternator system is systematically introduced, including the electromagnetic design, thermal management analysis, mechanical performance analysis of the pulse alternator, the introduction of the electromagnetic weapon load, the control technology of the pulse alternator power system, and the elaboration of other key components of the power system. This motor has been researched at home and abroad, but this book is the first international monograph on the field of pulse alternators in this field, which has very important academic value and reference value. The book benefits researchers, engineers, and graduate students in fields of electrical engineering, pulsed power, etc.
Surface Processing of Light Alloys Subject to Concentrated Energy Flows
by Xizhang Chen Sergey Konovalov Victor Gromov Yurii IvanovThis book presents studies on the surface modification of aluminum and titanium alloys by electric explosive alloying and electron-beam processing. It also describes and analyzes the physical mechanism of energy actions of these technologies on physical and mechanical properties and discusses their potential use in industry to improve the characteristics of finished products. The book is intended for specialists in the field of condensed matter physics, metallurgy and heat treatment and materials science, as well as graduate and senior students in relevant fields.
Predictive and Preventive Measures for Covid-19 Pandemic (Algorithms for Intelligent Systems)
by Praveen Kumar Khosla Mamta Mittal Dolly Sharma Lalit Mohan GoyalThis book explores the inputs with regard to individuals and companies who have developed technologies and innovative solutions, bioinformatics, datasets, apps for diagnosis, etc., that can be leveraged for strengthening the fight against coronavirus. It focuses on technology solutions to stop Covid-19 outbreak and mitigate the risk. The book contains innovative ideas from active researchers who are presently working to find solutions, and they give insights to other researchers to explore the innovative methods and predictive modeling techniques. The novel applications and techniques of established technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), Internet of things (IoT), big data, computer vision and machine learning are discussed to fight the spread of this disease, Covid-19. This pandemic has triggered an unprecedented demand for digital health technology solutions and unleashing information technology to win over this pandemic.
Interdisciplinary Evolution of the Machine Brain: Vision, Touch & Mind (Research on Intelligent Manufacturing)
by Wenfeng Wang Xiangyang Deng Limin Zhang Hengjin Cai Chenguang LuThis book seeks to interpret connections between the machine brain, mind and vision in an alternative way and promote future research into the Interdisciplinary Evolution of Machine Brain (IEMB). It gathers novel research on IEMB, and offers readers a step-by-step introduction to the theory and algorithms involved, including data-driven approaches in machine learning, monitoring and understanding visual environments, using process-based perception to expand insights, mechanical manufacturing for remote sensing, reconciled connections between the machine brain, mind and vision, and the interdisciplinary evolution of machine intelligence. This book is intended for researchers, graduate students and engineers in the fields of robotics, Artificial Intelligence and brain science, as well as anyone who wishes to learn the core theory, principles, methods, algorithms, and applications of IEMB.
Thermal Characteristics and Convection in Nanofluids (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Aditya Kumar Sudhakar SubudhiThis book covers synthesis, characterization, stability, heat transfer and applications of nanofluids. It includes different types of nanofluids, their preparation methods as well as its effects on the stability and thermophysical properties of nanofluids. It provides a discussion on the mechanism behind the change in the thermal properties of nanofluids and heat transfer behaviour. It presents the latest information and discussion on the preparation and advanced characterization of nanofluids. It also consists of stability analysis of nanofluids and discussion on why it is essential for the industrial application. The book provides a discussion on thermal boundary layer properties in convection. Future directions for heat transfer applications to make the production and application of nanofluids at industrial level are also discussed.
Advances in Tourism, Technology and Systems: Selected Papers from ICOTTS20 , Volume 1 (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies #208)
by João Vidal de Carvalho Álvaro Rocha Pedro Liberato Alejandro PeñaThis book features a collection of high-quality research papers presented at the International Conference on Tourism, Technology & Systems (ICOTTS 2020), held at the University of Cartagena, in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, from 29th to 31st October 2020. The book is divided into two volumes, and it covers the areas of technology in tourism and the tourist experience, generations and technology in tourism, digital marketing applied to tourism and travel, mobile technologies applied to sustainable tourism, information technologies in tourism, digital transformation of tourism business, e-tourism and tourism 2.0, big data and management for travel and tourism, geotagging and tourist mobility, smart destinations, robotics in tourism, and information systems and technologies.
Advances in Tourism, Technology and Systems: Selected Papers from ICOTTS20, Volume 2 (Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies #209)
by António Abreu Dália Liberato Elisa Alén González Juan Carlos Garcia OjedaThis book features a collection of high-quality research papers presented at the International Conference on Tourism, Technology & Systems (ICOTTS 2020), held at the University of Cartagena, in Cartagena de Indias, Colombia, from 29th to 31st October 2020. The book is divided into two volumes, and it covers the areas of technology in tourism and the tourist experience, generations and technology in tourism, digital marketing applied to tourism and travel, mobile technologies applied to sustainable tourism, information technologies in tourism, digital transformation of tourism business, e-tourism and tourism 2.0, big data and management for travel and tourism, geotagging and tourist mobility, smart destinations, robotics in tourism, and information systems and technologies.
Modern Classification Theory of Superconducting Gap Nodes (Springer Theses)
by Shuntaro SumitaThis book puts forward a modern classification theory for superconducting gap nodes, whose structures can be observed by experiments and are essential for understanding unconventional superconductivity. In the first part of the book, the classification method, based on group theory and K theory, is introduced in a step-by-step, pedagogical way. In turn, the latter part presents comprehensive classification tables, which include various nontrivial gap (node) structures, which are not predicted by the Sigrist-Ueda method, but are by the new method. The results obtained here show that crystal symmetry and/or angular momentum impose critical constraints on the superconducting gap structures. Lastly, the book lists a range of candidate superconductors for the nontrivial gap nodes. The classification methods and tables presented here offer an essential basis for further investigations into unconventional superconductivity. They indicate that previous experimental studies should be reinterpreted, while future experiments should reflect the new excitation spectrum.
Technical Safety, Reliability and Resilience: Methods and Processes
by Ivo HäringThis book provides basics and selected advanced insights on how to generate reliability, safety and resilience within (socio) technical system developments. The focus is on working definitions, fundamental development processes, safety development processes and analytical methods on how to support such schemes. The method families of Hazard Analyses, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis and Fault Tree Analysis are explained in detail. Further main topics include semiformal graphical system modelling, requirements types, hazard log, reliability prediction standards, techniques and measures for reliable hardware and software with respect to systematic and statistical errors, and combination options of methods. The book is based on methods as applied during numerous applied research and development projects and the support and auditing of such projects, including highly safety-critical automated and autonomous systems. Numerous questions and answers challenge students and practitioners.
Passivity of Complex Dynamical Networks: Analysis, Control and Applications
by Jin-Liang Wang Huai-Ning Wu Shun-Yan RenThis book intends to introduce some recent results on passivity of complex dynamical networks with single weight and multiple weights. The book collects novel research ideas and some definitions in complex dynamical networks, such as passivity, output strict passivity, input strict passivity, finite-time passivity, and multiple weights. Furthermore, the research results previously published in many flagship journals are methodically edited and presented in a unified form. The book is likely to be of interest to university researchers and graduate students in Engineering and Mathematics who wish to study the passivity of complex dynamical networks.
Analysis and Design Optimization of Micromixers (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Arshad Afzal Kwang-Yong KimThis book illustrates the computational framework based on knowledge of flow and mass transfer together with optimization techniques to solve problems relevant to micromixing technology. The authors provide a detailed analysis of the different numerical techniques applied to the design of micromixers. Flow and mixing analysis is based on both the Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches; relative advantages and disadvantages of the two methods and suitability to different types of mixing problems are analysed. The book also discusses the various facets of numerical schemes subjected to discretization errors and computational grid requirements. Since a large number of studies are based on commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) packages, relevant details of these packages to the mixing problem using them are presented. Numerical optimization techniques coupled with CFD analysis of flow and mixing have proved to be an important tool for micromixers design, and therefore, are an important part of the book. These techniques are presented briefly, and focus is on surrogate modeling and optimization applied to design of micromixers.
Progress in Advanced Computing and Intelligent Engineering: Proceedings of ICACIE 2020 (Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing #1299)
by Chhabi Rani Panigrahi Bibudhendu Pati Binod Kumar Pattanayak Seeven Amic Kuan-Ching LiThis book focuses on theory, practice and applications in the broad areas of advanced computing techniques and intelligent engineering. This book includes 74 scholarly articles which were accepted for presentation from 294 submissions in the 5th ICACIE during 25–27 June 2020 at Université des Mascareignes (UdM), Mauritius, in collaboration with Rama Devi Women’s University, Bhubaneswar, India, and S‘O’A Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India. This book brings together academicians, industry persons, research scholars and students to share and disseminate their knowledge and scientific research work related to advanced computing and intelligent engineering. It helps to provide a platform to the young researchers to find the practical challenges encountered in these areas of research and the solutions adopted. The book helps to disseminate the knowledge about some innovative and active research directions in the field of advanced computing techniques and intelligent engineering, along with some current issues and applications of related topics.
Inventive Computation and Information Technologies: Proceedings of ICICIT 2020 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #173)
by S. Smys Valentina Emilia Balas Khaled A. Kamel Pavel LafataThis book is a collection of best selected papers presented at the International Conference on Inventive Computation and Information Technologies (ICICIT 2020), organized during 24–25 September 2020. The book includes papers in the research area of information sciences and communication engineering. The book presents novel and innovative research results in theory, methodology and applications of communication engineering and information technologies.
Open Data for Sustainable Community: Glocalized Sustainable Development Goals (Advances in Sustainability Science and Technology)
by Neha Sharma Santanu Ghosh Monodeep SahaThis book is an attempt to bring value to the enterprise pursuits in the areas of research and innovation around the specific issues in terms of topic selection, open data resources and researcher orientation. Over the last 300 years, industrial revolutions have had game-changing impact on societies. Presently, by and large, we are at the crossroads of the fourth industrial revolution, where phygital systems are going to play a massive role, where digital systems can simulate and go beyond the limitations of the physical world, thereby enabling a new world order. This transformation is cutting across every sphere known to mankind. The world will become a globally localized marketplace. In today’s business world, sustainability is a corporate agenda. Enterprises are also aiming to be purpose-driven, adaptive and resilient to disruptions. The contributions to community and environment are part of their corporate branding. The book explores and presents a part of the open data sets from government institutions to achieve the sustainable goals at local level, in turn contributing towards global mission. As the topic suggests, the authors are looking at some of the specific issues in the areas of environment, agriculture and health care through the lens of data science. The authors believe that the above three areas chosen have deep relevance in today’s world. The intent is to explore these issues from a data and analytics perspective and identify cracks through which deeper inroads can be made. Conscious efforts have been taken to make use of all the major data science techniques like prediction, classification, clustering, and correlation. Given the above background, deeper waters will be explored through the contents of this book.
Advances in Industrial and Production Engineering: Select Proceedings of FLAME 2020 (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Rakesh Kumar Phanden K. Mathiyazhagan Ravinder Kumar J. Paulo DavimThis book comprises the select proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Future Learning Aspects of Mechanical Engineering (FLAME) 2020. In particular, this volume discusses different topics of industrial and production engineering such as sustainable manufacturing processes, logistics, Industry 4.0 practices, circular economy, lean six sigma, agile manufacturing, additive manufacturing, IoT and Big Data in manufacturing, 3D printing, simulation, manufacturing management and automation, surface roughness, multi-objective optimization and modelling for production processes, developments in casting, welding, machining, and machine tools. The contents of this book will be useful for researchers as well as industry professionals.
Proceedings of the 1st Indo-China Research Series in Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #123)
by Ankit Garg C. H. Solanki Chandra Bogireddy Junwei LiuThis book is a compilation of selected papers from the 1st Indo-China Research Series in Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering held in May 2020 online. The webinar series was held at a time of COVID-19 pandemic, when there is lack of physical connectivity. The cutting-edge research topics in Civil and Environmental Engineering ranging from bio-geotechnology, methane gas hydrates, frozen soils, rock testing, and related high-rise buildings response under wind loading will be covered. The contents make valuable contributions to academic researchers and engineers in the industry and provide a platform for demonstrating joint research between scientists from India and China. These are the first proceedings of its kind to demonstrate and motivate more joint research cooperation in Civil and Environmental Engineering between two countries. It was done mainly to motivate youth research scholars to understand each other and develop long-term cooperation.
Proceedings of International Conference on Sustainable Expert Systems: ICSES 2020 (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #176)
by Subarna Shakya Valentina Emilia Balas Wang Haoxiang Zubair BaigThis book includes papers on intelligent expert systems and sustainability applications in the areas of data science, image processing, wireless communication, risk assessment, healthcare, intelligent social network mining, and energy. The recent growth of sustainability leads to a progressively new era of computing, where its design and deployment leverages significant impact on the intelligent systems research. Moreover, the sustainability technologies can be effectively used in the progressive deployment of various network-enabled technologies like intelligent sensors, smart cities, wearable technologies, robotics, web applications and other such Internet technologies. The thrust of this book is to publish the state-of-the-art research articles that deals with the design, development, implementation and testing of the intelligent expert systems and also to provide an overview of the sustainable management of these systems.