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Endless Frontier: Vannevar Bush, Engineer of the American Century
by G. Pascal ZacharyA prodigiously researched biography of Vannevar Bush, one of America’s most awe-inspiring polymaths and the secret force behind the biggest technological breakthroughs of the twentieth century.As the inventor and public entrepreneur who launched the Manhattan Project, helped to create the military-industrial complex, conceived a permanent system of government support for science and engineering, and anticipated both the personal computer and the Internet, Vannevar Bush is the twentieth century’s Ben Franklin. In this engaging look at one of America’s most awe-inspiring polymaths, writer G. Pascal Zachary brings to life an American original—a man of his time, ours, and beyond. Zachary details how Bush cofounded Raytheon and helped build one of the most powerful early computers in the world at MIT. During World War II, he served as Roosevelt’s adviser and chief contact on all matters of military technology, including the atomic bomb. He launched the Manhattan Project and oversaw a collection of 6,000 civilian scientists who designed scores of new weapons. After the war, his attention turned to the future. He wrote essays that anticipated the rise of the Internet and boldly equated national security with research strength, outlining a system of permanent federal funding for university research that endures to this day. However, Bush’s hopeful vision of science and technology was leavened by an understanding of the darker possibilities. While cheering after witnessing the Trinity atomic test, he warned against the perils of a nuclear arms race. He led a secret appeal to convince President Truman not to test the Hydrogen Bomb and campaigned against the Red Scare. Elegantly and expertly relayed by Zachary, Vannevar’s story is a grand tour of the digital leviathan we know as the modern American life.
Showstopper!: The Breakneck Race to Create Windows NT and the Next Generation at Microsoft
by G. Pascal ZacharyThis &“inside account captures the energy—and the madness—of the software giant&’s race to develop a critical new program. . . . Gripping&” (Fortune Magazine).Showstopper is the dramatic, inside story of the creation of Windows NT, told by Wall Street Journal reporter G. Pascal Zachary. Driven by the legendary David Cutler, a picked band of software engineers sacrifices almost everything in their lives to build a new, stable, operating system aimed at giving Microsoft a platform for growth through the next decade of development in the computing business. Comparable in many ways to the Pulitzer Prize–winning book The Soul of a New Machine by Tracy Kidder, Showstopper gets deep inside the process of software development, the lives and motivations of coders and the pressure to succeed coupled with the drive for originality and perfection that can pull a diverse team together to create a program consisting of many hundreds of thousands of lines of code.
Intelligent System Solutions for Auto Mobility and Beyond: Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications 2020 (Lecture Notes in Mobility)
by Carolin Zachäus Gereon MeyerThis book gathers papers from the 23rd International Forum on Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications (AMAA 2020) held online from Berlin, Germany, on May 26-27, 2020. Focusing on intelligent system solutions for auto mobility and beyond, it discusses in detail innovations and technologies enabling electrification, automation and diversification, as well as strategies for a better integration of vehicles into the networks of traffic, data and power. Further, the book addresses other relevant topics, including the role of human factors and safety issues in automated driving, solutions for shared mobility, as well as automated bus transport in rural areas. Implications of current circumstances, such as those generated by climate change, on the future development of auto mobility, are also analysed, providing researchers, practitioners and policy makers with an authoritative snapshot of the state-of-the-art, and a source of inspiration for future developments and collaborations.
Technology, Society and Sustainability
by Lech W. ZacherThis collection is a multidisciplinary and multicultural contribution to the current sustainability discourse. It is focused on two main dimensions of our world: complexity and diversity. Desirable and urgent transition of socio-technological systems toward a sustainability trajectory of development requires a better understanding of technological trends and social transformations. General advancement of technology does not produce identical changes in various societies, differentiated economically and culturally. Moreover, the abilities to approach sustainable development change over time and space. As a result there is a constant need for continuing research, analyses, and discussions concerning changing contexts and adequacy of strategies and policies. Authors from twelve countries and of different academic and cultural settings present their insights, analyses and recommendations. The collection is focused both on contexts and on activities leading to sustainable trajectories in various domains of economy and social life. Continuing research and discussion is needed to better understand these challenges and to prepare the appropriate strategies and solutions. Development of socio-technological systems is nowadays very complex; moreover, the world we live in is extremely diverse. Therefore, sustainability discourse must be ongoing, introducing new ideas, concepts, theories, evidence and experience by various parties--academics, professionals, and practitioners.
Closed Loop Control and Management: Introduction to Feedback Control Theory with Data Stream Managers
by Serge ZacherThe block diagrams as engineering means for closed loop control, which have been established by classic control theory for decades, are replaced in the above mentioned book by networks, the signals are replaced by data. It corresponds to the „Industry 4.0“ and to the structure of today’s automatic control systems. Thereby a classic closed loop is treated not isolated from other elements of nowadays automation like bus communication and process logical control, and is completed in proposed book with new control elements, so called data stream managers (DSM). The proposed book treats the control theory systematically like it is done in classical books considering the new concept of data management. The theory is accompanied in the book with examples, exercises with solutions and MATLAB®-simulations.
Drei-Bode-Plots-Verfahren für Regelungstechnik: Ein universelles Stabilitätskriterium für stabile und instabile Regelstrecken
by Serge ZacherDas Buch liefert eine einfache und für den Einsatz im Studium und in der Praxis angepasste Darstellung eines neuartigen Stabilitätskriteriums mit getrennter Behandlung von Amplituden- und Phasengängen in einem Bode-Diagramm. Die angebotenen Symmetrieverfahren sind mit Beispielen und Übungsaufgaben mit Lösungen begleitet und zum besseren Verständnis mit MATLAB® simuliert. Das Buch ist sowohl für Präsenzunterricht als auch für Selbststudium geeignet.
Drei-Bode-Plots-Verfahren für Regelungstechnik: Ein universelles Stabilitätskriterium für stabile und instabile Regelstrecken
by Serge ZacherDas von A. Leonhard im Jahre 1940 vorgeschlagene Stabilitätskriterium, bekannt als Zweiortskurvenverfahren, ist im Buch durch Einsatz eines gespiegelten negativ inversen Reglers zu einem neuen Verfahren (DBV) überarbeitet und in einem Bode-Diagramm mit drei getrennten Amplituden- und Phasengängen angewendet. Das DBV hat mehrere Vorteile gegenüber bekannten Nyquist- oder Michailow-Stabilitätskriterien und lässt die Stabilität von Regelkreisen direkt anhand Bode-Plots der Regelstrecke prüfen. Die Übungsaufgaben sind mit Lösungen begleitet, die zum besseren Verständnis mit MATLAB® simuliert sind.
Regelungstechnik mit Data Stream Management: Netzwerke statt Regelkreise
by Serge ZacherEin Lehrbuch zu neuen Konzepten der Regelungstechnik Bus-Approach und Antisystem-Approach (ASA), die bereits bei mehreren Projekten implementiert wurden.Die seit Jahrzehnten etablierten Wirkungspläne von Regelkreisen sind im Buch durch bus-ähnliche Netzwerke ersetzt. Prinzipiell neue regelungstechnische Bausteine, wie ASA-Regler und so genannte Data Stream Manager (DSM), werden entwickelt. Es sind verschiedene DSM-Typen beschrieben und an Beispielen verdeutlicht (Router, Tuner, Koordinator usw.).Die theoretischen Grundlagen sind im Buch mit Übungsaufgaben und MATLAB®-Simulationen begleitet. Bei der Gestaltung von Lösungswegen sind auch die Bedürfnisse von dualen und berufsintegrierten Bachelor- und Master-Studiengängen berücksichtigt.
Regelungstechnik mit Data Stream Management: Netzwerke statt Regelkreise
by Serge ZacherEin Lehrbuch zu neuen Konzepten der Regelungstechnik Bus-Approach und Antisystem-Approach (ASA), die bereits bei mehreren Projekten implementiert wurden.Die seit Jahrzehnten etablierten Wirkungspläne von Regelkreisen sind im Buch durch bus-ähnliche Netzwerke ersetzt. Prinzipiell neue regelungstechnische Bausteine, wie ASA-Regler und so genannte Data Stream Manager (DSM), werden entwickelt. Es sind verschiedene DSM-Typen beschrieben und an Beispielen verdeutlicht (Router, Tuner, Koordinator usw.).Die theoretischen Grundlagen sind im Buch mit Übungsaufgaben und MATLAB®-Simulationen begleitet. Bei der Gestaltung von Lösungswegen sind auch die Bedürfnisse von dualen und berufsintegrierten Bachelor- und Master-Studiengängen berücksichtigt.
Recent Developments and the New Direction in Soft-Computing Foundations and Applications: Selected Papers From The 6th World Conference On Soft Computing, May 22-25, 2016, Berkeley, Usa (Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing #361)
by Lotfi A. Zadeh Ronald R. Yager Shahnaz N. Shahbazova Marek Z. Reformat Vladik KreinovichThis book is an authoritative collection of contributions in the field of soft-computing. Based on selected works presented at the 6th World Conference on Soft Computing, held on May 22-25, 2016, in Berkeley, USA, it describes new theoretical advances, as well as cutting-edge methods and applications. Theories cover a wealth of topics, such as fuzzy logic, cognitive modeling, Bayesian and probabilistic methods, multi-criteria decision making, utility theory, approximate reasoning, human-centric computing and many others. Applications concerns a number of fields, such as internet and semantic web, social networks and trust, control and robotics, computer vision, medicine and bioinformatics, as well as finance, security and e-Commerce, among others. Dedicated to the 50th Anniversary of Fuzzy Logic and to the 95th Birthday Anniversary of Lotfi A. Zadeh, the book not only offers a timely view on the field, yet it also discusses thought-provoking developments and challenges, thus fostering new research directions in the diverse areas of soft computing.
Forward Brillouin Scattering in Standard Optical Fibers: Single-Mode, Polarization-Maintaining, and Multi-Core (Springer Series in Optical Sciences #240)
by Avi Zadok Hilel Hagai Diamandi Yosef London Gil BashanThis book, the first dedicated to the topic, provides a comprehensive treatment of forward stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in standard optical fibers. SBS interactions between guided light and sound waves have drawn much attention for over fifty years, and optical fibers provide an excellent playground for the study of Brillouin scattering as they support guided modes of both wave types and provide long interaction lengths. This book is dedicated to forward SBS processes that are driven by co-propagating optical fields. The physics of forward SBS is explained in detail, starting from the fundamentals of interactions between guided optical and acoustic waves, with emphasis given to the acoustic modes that are stimulated in the processes. The realization of forward SBS in standard single-mode, polarization-maintaining and multi-core fibers is then discussed in depth. Innovative potential applications in sensors, monitoring of coating layers, lasers, and radio-frequency oscillators are presented. This book introduces the subject to graduate students in optics and applied physics, and it will be of interest to scientists working in fiber-optics, nonlinear optics and opto-mechanics.Provides the first treatment of forward stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) in book form;Reflects the dramatic recent increase in interest in forward SBS processes , driven in part by the promise of new fiber sensing concepts;Delivers a solid and comprehensive grounding in the physics of forward SBS along with detailed experimental set-ups, measurement protocols, and applications.
Quality of Experience Modeling for Cloud Gaming Services (T-Labs Series in Telecommunication Services)
by Saman ZadtootaghajThis book presents the development of a gaming quality model to predict the gaming Quality of Experience (QoE) of players that could be used for planning the network service or quality monitoring of cloud gaming services. The author presents a model that is developed following a modular structure approach that keeps the different types of impairments separately. The book shows how such a modular structure allows developing a sustainable model as each component can be updated by advances in that specific research area or technology. The presented gaming quality model takes into account two modules of video quality and input quality. The latter considers the interactivity aspects of gaming. The video quality module offers a series of models that differ depending on the level of access to the video stream information, allowing high flexibility for service providers regarding the positions of measuring points within their system. In summary, the present book focuses on (1) creation of multiple image/video and cloud gaming quality datasets, (2) development of a gaming video classification, and (3) development of a series of gaming QoE models to predict the gaming QoE depending on the level of access to the video stream information.
Telematics and Computing: 10th International Congress, WITCOM 2021, Virtual Event, November 8–12, 2021, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1430)
by Roberto Zagal-Flores Miguel Félix Mata-RiveraThis book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 10th International Congress on Telematics and Computing, WITCOM 2021, held in November 2021. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held online. The 12 full papers and 7 short papers in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 48 submissions. The papers are focused on the topics of deep and machine learning, cybersecurity, wireless networks, computer vision, communications, and education applied to different sceneries of study and COVID-19.
Transition Pathways towards Sustainability in Agriculture
by Lukas Zagata Ika Darnhofer Geoff Wilson Lee-Ann SutherlandThis book focuses on understanding farming transition pathways towards sustainability, using case studies from Europe. It assesses the utility of the multi-level perspective in transition theory for addressing contemporary issues and identifies future research needs, making it an essential read for researchers of rural or agricultural change.
Essential US for Trauma: E-FAST
by Mauro ZagoE-FAST (extended focused assessment by sonograpy for trauma) represents the basic ultrasonographic approach to any trauma patient. Identification or exclusion of free fluid and air in the abdominal and thoracic cavities plays a pivotal role in deciding the immediate diagnostic and therapeutic path. Learning E-FAST is mandatory for all acute care surgeons and all physicians involved in trauma management. The structure of the book and its practical approach will make it an easy-to-consult and quick reference tool for beginners and a useful support for more experienced professionals.
Environmental Ethics, Sustainability and Decisions: Literature Problems and Suggested Solutions
by Fabio ZagonariThis book provides a summary of the main concepts involved in environmental ethics, sustainability and decisions and a consistent sequence of environmental ethics, sustainability and decisions. It presents many environmental ethics, by focusing on maximising welfare within teleological approaches and minimising inequalities within deontological approaches. It presents many sustainability paradigms, by focusing on weak sustainability to maximise welfare and strong sustainability to minimise inequalities. Two main decisions are presented by focusing on policies (taxes, standards, subsidies, permits, protected areas, exploitation rights) and projects (CBA) towards efficiency to maximise welfare and policies (national laws/regulations, bilateral/multilateral agreements) and projects (MCA) towards equity to minimise inequalities.
Francis Bacon
by Perez ZagorinFrancis Bacon (1561-1626), commonly regarded as one of the founders of the Scientific Revolution, exerted a powerful influence on the intellectual development of the modern world. He also led a remarkably varied and dramatic life as a philosopher, writer, lawyer, courtier, and statesman. Although there has been much recent scholarship on individual aspects of Bacon's career, Perez Zagorin's is the first work in many years to present a comprehensive account of the entire sweep of his thought and its enduring influence. Combining keen scholarly and psychological insights, Zagorin reveals Bacon as a man of genius, deep paradoxes, and pronounced flaws. The book begins by sketching Bacon's complex personality and troubled public career. Zagorin shows that, despite his idealistic philosophy and rare intellectual gifts, Bacon's political life was marked by continual careerism in his efforts to achieve advancement. He follows Bacon's rise at court and describes his removal from his office as England's highest judge for taking bribes. Zagorin then examines Bacon's philosophy and theory of science in connection with his project for the promotion of scientific progress, which he called "The Great Instauration." He shows how Bacon's critical empiricism and attempt to develop a new method of discovery made a seminal contribution to the growth of science. He demonstrates Bacon's historic importance as a prophetic thinker, who, at the edge of the modern era, predicted that science would be used to prolong life, cure diseases, invent new materials, and create new weapons of destruction. Finally, the book examines Bacon's writings on such subjects as morals, politics, language, rhetoric, law, and history. Zagorin shows that Bacon was one of the great legal theorists of his day, an influential philosopher of language, and a penetrating historian. Clearly and beautifully written, the book brings out the richness, scope, and greatness of Bacon's work and draws together the many, colorful threads of an extraordinarily brilliant and many-sided mind.
Structured Glass-Fiber Catalysts
by Andrey Zagoruiko Sergey LopatinStructured Glass-Fiber Catalysts discusses the synthesis of advanced glass-fiber catalysts for various emerging applications, investigation of their properties, and development of the engineering basis required for their wide practical application. This book describes how to create and use such catalysts for different chemical reactions. It discusses how to efficiently arrange them into structured catalytic cartridges and gives examples of their successful application for purification of waste gases from different hazardous contaminants and environmentally safe combustion of fuels. It covers nanosize surface science fundamentals through large-scale commercial catalytic reactors. This book is aimed at researchers and engineers in the fields of chemical engineering, industrial engineering, and materials engineering.
Quantum Theory of Many-Body Systems
by Alexandre ZagoskinThis text presents a self-contained treatment of the physics of many-body systems from the point of view of condensed matter. The approach, quite traditionally, uses the mathematical formalism of quasiparticles and Green's functions. In particular, it covers all the important diagram techniques for normal and superconducting systems, including the zero-temperature perturbation theory and the Matsubara, Keldysh and Nambu-Gor'kov formalism, as well as an introduction to Feynman path integrals. This new edition contains an introduction to the methods of theory of one-dimensional systems (bosonization and conformal field theory) and their applications to many-body problems. Intended for graduate students in physics and related fields, the aim is not to be exhaustive, but to present enough detail to enable the student to follow the current research literature, or to apply the techniques to new problems. Many of the examples are drawn from mesoscopic physics, which deals with systems small enough that quantum coherence is maintained throughout their volume and which therefore provides an ideal testing ground for many-body theories.
Electron-Ion-Plasma Modification of a Hypoeutectoid Al-Si Alloy
by Dmitrii Zaguliaev Victor Gromov Sergey Konovalov Yurii IvanovElectron-Ion-Plasma Modification of a Hypereutectic Al-Si Alloy details theoretical and experimental research and computer simulation of structural phase transformations in AlSi10Mn2Ni Silumin on different scale levels under electroexplosion alloying, electron beam processing and electron-plasma alloying at the nanolevel in order to create new materials. The authors summarize and analyze more than 10 years of research on the electron-ion-plasma effect on strength properties and structure-phase states’ transformations of hypoeutectic Silumin. Key Features: Details physical and mathematical models of mechanisms of surface layer hardening under conditions of varying energy effects Offers insights into improved strength characteristics of Silumin Explores optimal processing modes for increased strength and improved tribological characteristics This book is a valuable resource to researchers and engineers involved with the modification of light alloy surfaces for the automotive and aeronautical industry.
Fatigue Design: Life Expectancy of Machine Parts
by Eliahu ZahaviModern analytical theories of fatigue coupled with a knowledge of processing effects on metals make up the sound basis for designing machine parts that are free from unexpected failure. Fatigue Design: Life Expectancy of Machine Parts provides the information and the tools needed for optimal design. It highlights practical approaches for effectively solving fatigue problems, including minimizing the risk of hidden perils that may arise during production processes or from exposure to the environment.The material is presented with a dual approach: the excellent coverage of the theoretical aspects is accented by practical illustrations of the behavior of machine parts. The theoretical approach combines the fundamentals of solid mechanics, fatigue analysis, and crack propagation. The chapters covering fatigue theories are given special emphasis, starting with the basics and progressing to complicated multiaxial nonlinear problems.The practical approach concentrates on the effects of surface processing on fatigue life and it illustrates many faceted fatigue problems taken from case studies. The solutions demonstrate the authors' detailed analyses of failure and are intended to be used as preventive guidelines. The cases are a unique feature of the book. The numerical method used is the finite element method, and is presented with clear explanations and illustrations.Fatigue Design: Life Expectancy of Machine Parts is an extremely valuable tool for both practicing design engineers and engineering students.
The Role of Renewable Energy Technology in Holistic Community Development
by Alexander ZahndThis thesis documents almost twenty years of the author's work on the development and implementation of a new approach to holistic community development in remote and disadvantaged villages in Nepal. It describes the theoretical basis of the work, the main research activities, and the practical outcomes of the implemented programs. One of the fundamental cornerstones of holistic community development is the provision of appropriate and sustainable solutions for the long-term development of local communities. This requires that people's own identified needs be recognized and addressed in partnership with them in holistic ways. The author explains the many synergies that result from this holistic approach to community development. Another cornerstone of his approach is to utilise the communities' locally available renewable resources for long-term sustainable development. One of the key findings of the thesis is that improved access to energy services, such as cooking with a smokeless metal stove in a clean indoor environment, basic indoor lighting, and increased food production and safe food storage (through a greenhouse and a solar drier respectively), need to be at the very heart of any long-term holistic community development project. The thesis demonstrates that tapping into locally available renewable energy resources and converting them, through contextualized and locally manufactured renewable energy technologies, has a central role in long-term holistic community development programs. Such programs are successful because they provide both appropriate technologies and life-changing experiences for the local users involved.
Steel Surfaces: A Guide to Alloys, Finishes, Fabrication, and Maintenance in Architecture and Art (Architectural Metals Series)
by L. William ZahnerA full-color guide for architects and design professionals to the selection and application of steel Steel Surfaces, fourth in Zahner’s Architectural Metals Series, provides a comprehensive and authoritative treatment of steel applications in architecture and art. It offers architecture and design professionals the information they need to ensure proper maintenance and fabrication techniques through detailed information and full-color images. It covers everything from the history of the metal and choosing the right alloy, to detailed information on a variety of surface and chemical finishes and corrosion resistance. The book also features case studies that offer strategies for designing and executing successful projects using steel. Steel Surfaces is filled with illustrated case studies that present comprehensive coverage of how steel is used in creating surfaces for building exteriors, interiors, and art finishes. All the books in Zahner’s Architectural Metals Series offer in-depth coverage of today’s most commonly used metals in architecture and art. This visual guide: Features full-color images of a variety of steel finishes, colors, textures, and forms Includes case studies with performance data that feature strategies on how to design and execute successful projects using steel Offers methods to address corrosion, before and after it occurs Explains the significance of the different alloys and the forms available to the designer Discusses what to expect when using steel in various exposures Written for architecture professionals, metal fabricators and developers, architecture students, designers, and artists working with metals, Steel Surfaces offers a logical framework for the selection and application of steel in all aspects of architecture.
Energietechnik: Systeme zur konventionellen und erneuerbaren Energieumwandlung. Kompaktwissen für Studium und Beruf
by Richard ZahoranskyDieses Lehrbuch vermittelt ein grundlegendes, dennoch kurz gefasstes Verständnis für die Zusammenhänge der Energieumwandlungsprozesse und umfasst dabei die gesamte Bandbreite der Energietechnik. Die Schwerpunkte reichen von der kompletten Beschreibung der konventionellen und vor allem nachhaltigen, erneuerbaren Energietechniken, über Gas- und Dampfturbinen-Kraftwerke sowie Kraft-Wärme-Kälte-Kopplungsanlagen bis hin zur Energiespeicherung, Energieverteilung und abschließend zu einem Abriss der Globalen Erwärmung mit zugehöriger Klimapolitik. In der aktuellen Auflage wurden mehrere Kapitel von neuen Autoren überarbeitet und teils grundlegend neu verfasst. Die aktuellen politischen Änderungen wurden u. a. in den verschiedenen Kapiteln der erneuerbaren Techniken, der Energieverteilung sowie der Marktliberalisierung und Energiewende durch sorgfältige Überarbeitungen eingebracht.
Climate - Vegetation: Afro-Asian Mediterranean and Red Sea Coastal Lands (Plant and Vegetation #4)
by M. A. Zahran Francis GilbertDeserts are unique ecosystems with their own biotic and abiotic components, and are often rich in renewable natural resources, the appropriate management of which can contribute significantly to the sustainable management of desert regions for the welfare of the people. Yet while there are many books on the flora of the countries fringing the important desert countries of the Mediterranean and Red Seas, there or few books reporting on their ecophysiology and vegetation ecology. This book presents the vegetation types of the African and Asian countries of the Mediterranean and Red Sea coastal regions, and discusses the ecological threats and economic applications of these critical resources. In particular, it examines the relationships between climate and vegetation, and discusses these within the context of desertification, agro-industrial applications, ecotourism and sustainable development. The book will provide a valuable reference for researchers and graduate students involved in plant ecology, biogeography, economic botany and environmental management in the Afro-Asian Mediterranean and Red Sea coastal regions, as well as other desert regions around the world.