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Collaboration and Integration in Construction, Engineering, Management and Technology: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Construction in the 21st Century, London 2019 (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)
by Syed M. Ahmed Paul Hampton Salman Azhar Amelia D. SaulThis book gathers papers presented at the 11th International Conference on Construction in the 21st Century, held in London in 2019. Bringing together a diverse group of government agencies, academics, professionals, and students, the book addresses issues related to construction safety, innovative technologies, lean and sustainable construction, international construction, improving quality and productivity, and innovative materials in the construction industry. In addition, it highlights international collaborations between various disciplines in the areas of construction, engineering, management, and technology. The book demonstrates that, as the industry moves forward in an ever-complex global economy, multi-national collaboration is crucial, and its future growth will undoubtedly depend on international teamwork and alliances.
Smart Cities—Opportunities and Challenges: Select Proceedings of ICSC 2019 (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #58)
by Sirajuddin Ahmed S. M. Abbas Hina ZiaThis book comprises select proceedings of the International Conference on Smart Cities: Opportunities and Challenges (ICSC 2019). The book contains chapters based on urban planning and design, policies and financial management, environment, energy, transportation, smart materials, sustainable development, information technologies, data management and urban sociology reflecting the major themes of the conference. The contents focus on current research towards improved governance and efficient management of infrastructure such as water, energy, transportation and housing for sustainable development, economic growth, and improved quality of life, especially for developing nations. This book will be useful for academicians, researchers, and policy makers interested in designing, developing, planning, managing, and maintaining smart cities.
Water Resource Management in Climate Change Scenario: Innovations in Geospatial Techniques and Models (GIScience and Geo-environmental Modelling)
by Shakeel Ahmed Atiqur Rahman Swapan Talukdar Shahfahad Swades Pal Mohd Waseem NaikooThis book seeks to showcase the ongoing challenges of water resource and its management through innovative and cutting-edge approaches (flooding and droughts and their respective impacts; spatial and urban planning; early warning systems; estimation of losses; water resource in the age of global climate change; risk communication; meteorology; integrated analysis; risk mitigation; infrastructures; nature-based management; watershed management; transport; legal assessment; vulnerability analysis; public participation; or case studies). In the face of current global changes, the availability and quality of water resources are under severe threat. Indeed, in all sectors related to water resource management, sustainable development is important for present and future generations. Indeed, multiple problems such as water shortage or flooding, as well as environmental pollution phenomena, are observed. This situation is further exacerbated by poor management practices and unsustainable extraction of water for various consumptive uses. Consequently, many regions around the world, particularly urban areas, are becoming water stressed and conflicts over access to water are becoming ever more common. To overcome the significant challenges fundamental to the management of water resources, cutting-edge knowledge, innovative approaches, and an in-depth understanding of the inherent scientific, economic, social, and environmental issues are imperative. Therefore, water resource management requires a clear understanding of the ongoing challenges and innovative approaches. The authors and editors believe that this book provides huge knowledge and data in the fields of water resource management, earth environmental sciences, humanities, and social sciences, which target a diverse range of readers, such as academics, scientists, students, environmentalists, meteorologists, urban planners, remote sensing, and GIS experts.
Bio-based Materials for Food Packaging: Green and Sustainable Advanced Packaging Materials
by Shakeel AhmedThis book provides an overview of the lastest developments in biobased materials and their applications in food packaging. Written by experts in their respective research domain, its thirteen chapters discuss in detail fundamental knowledge on bio based materials. It is intended as a reference book for researchers, students, research scholars, academicians and scientists seeking biobased materials for food packaging applications.
Transforming Bangladesh: Geography, People, Economy and Environment (World Regional Geography Book Series)
by Raquib Ahmed Abdullah Al-Maruf J. Craig JenkinsThis book focuses on the transformation of Bangladesh in respect to its people, geography, economy and environment. The authors discuss current problems such as vulnerability caused by environmental degradation in Bangladesh but also opportunities of this rapidly changing country. The book explains how the country is rapidly transforming from a rural subsistence agrarian based economic system to a new economic partner contributing to global processes. Bangladesh is presented as an example for the changes in the Global South, where a mismatch is often observed in linking resources and activities with environmental sustainability, possibly due to insufficient base-line knowledge. As faster growth is marginalizing resources to increase the GDP, the sustainability of resource exploitation is being questioned. The authors describe the vulnerable situation caused by possible sea-level rise, soil degradation, biodiversity loss, climate extremities, urbanization, and population displacement. This volume offers comprehensive knowledge about the geography and environment of Bangladesh and aims to help readers further investigate the issues and work on solutions. The book appeals to academics, professionals and students at all levels interested in Bangladesh as well as environmental problems and geographical issues in a rapidly transforming country.
Global Agricultural Production: Resilience to Climate Change
by Mukhtar AhmedThis book covers all aspects related to climate change and agriculture. The book discusses Global Climate Models (GCMs), Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP) and application of strategic management tool that includes RCP (Representative concentration Pathway), SSP (Shared Socio-economic Pathways) and SPA (Shared climate Policy Assumptions). The book provides information on how climate change, agricultural productivity and food security are interlinked. The impacts of climate change on food security are studied through different climatic drivers e.g., ENSO (El Niño–Southern Oscillation) and SOI (Southern Oscillation Index). These drivers are responsible for the climatic extreme events hence early prediction of these drivers could help to design appropriate adaptive measures for the agriculture sector and could be considered as early warning tools for risk management. Similarly, climate change and process-based soil modeling as well as the role of soil microbes and climate smart agriculture are discussed in this book. Climate change impacts on legume crop production and adaptation strategies are presented, with details about cereal crop modeling, perspectives of Camelina sativa as well as low input biofuel and oilseed crop, greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions and mitigation strategies.
Manual of Geotechnical Laboratory Soil Testing
by Bashir Ahmed MirManual of Geotechnical Laboratory Soil Testing covers physical, index, and engineering properties of soils, including compaction characteristics (optimum moisture content), permeability (coefficient of hydraulic conductivity), compressibility characteristics, and shear strength (cohesion intercept and angle of internal friction). Further, this manual covers data collection, analysis, computations, additional considerations, sources of error, precautionary measures, and the presentation results along with well-defined illustrations for each of the listed tests. Each test is based on relevant standards with pertinent references, broadly aimed at geotechnical design applications. FEATURES Provides fundamental coverage of elementary-level laboratory characterization of soils Describes objectives, basic concepts, general understanding, and appreciation of the geotechnical principles for determination of physical, index, and engineering properties of soil materials Presents the step-by-step procedures for various tests based on relevant standards Interprets soil analytical data and illustrates empirical relationship between various soil properties Includes observation data sheet and analysis, results and discussions, and applications of test results This manual is aimed at undergraduates, senior undergraduates, and researchers in geotechnical and civil engineering. Prof. (Dr.) Bashir Ahmed Mir is among the senior faculty of the Civil Engineering Department of the National Institute of Technology Srinagar and has more than two decades of teaching experience. Prof. Mir has published more than 100 research papers in international journals and conferences; chaired technical sessions in international conferences in India and throughout the world; and provided consultancy services to more than 150 projects of national importance to various government and private agencies.
Strategic Environmental Assessment for Policies
by Kulsum Ahmed Ernesto Sanchez-TrianaEnvironmentally and socially sustainable policies are essential for good governance. Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) is the key tool for integrating environmental considerations into policies, programs and plans. This book focuses on SEA applied to policies. Through lessons learned from previous use of SEA on policies, it draws lessons on the strengths and weaknesses of current SEA methodology. It then goes on to analyze how policies are formulated and implemented and proposes a new conceptual framework for conducting SEA of policies thatpotentially could be more useful in influencing decision makers to integrate environmental sustainability considerations into policy formulation and implementation.
Disaster Resilience in South Asia: Tackling the Odds in the Sub-Continental Fringes (Routledge Studies in Hazards, Disaster Risk and Climate Change)
by Iftekhar Ahmed Kim Maund Thayaparan GajendranThis book considers the challenges of building disaster resilience in South Asia – a region that frequently experiences some of the most severe and devastating impacts of disasters. Despite significant work to assist affected communities, many smaller South Asian countries remain particularly vulnerable in terms of fostering disaster resilience. Drawing on examples from Bangladesh, Bhutan, Maldives, Nepal and Sri Lanka, the book offers rich insights and narratives on disaster resilience policy and practice. It considers the possibilities for advancing community resilience and capacity building through an exploration of different aspects of governance and policy. Given the diversity of these countries and recent disasters, a variety of perspectives are considered: institutional and policy frameworks, risk management governance, recovery operations, building codes, and policy and media discourse. The book offers a collective understanding of practice, which can offer global lessons to a world increasingly beset by disasters and with uncertain environmental futures. This book will be a valuable resource for scholars, practitioners and students in the fields of disaster risk reduction and management, climate change adaptation, public policy and sustainable development.
Climate Change and Adaptation for Food Sustainability: Implications and Scenarios from Malaysia
by Ferdous Ahmed Abul Quasem Al-Amin Zeeda Fatimah MohamadThis book assesses the vulnerability impacts of climate change on food security by examining a 50 years scenario (2015- 2065) and following a top-down approach. Importantly, looking at the sustainable food production, the authors compared the cost-benefit of adaptation costs from 2015 to 2065. It was found that a 15% adaptation capacity is more efficient for Malaysia in order to combat the climate change effects on the food sector. This book has developed a quantitative adaptive model namely, the Malaysian Climate and Economy (MCE) model, based on the dynamic Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) modeling structure to examine food sustainability and adaptation strategies. Malaysia experiences an unusual combination of droughts and extreme rainfall events that can be attributed to climate change. These unusual events and consequences leave Malaysian policymakers looking for ways to make Malaysia self-sufficient in terms of agriculture. It is assumed that climate change effects may result in increasing food insecurity and vulnerability in the future. Policy measures are in place to lessen the likely climatic effects overall, but there is an urgent need to develop an adaptation policy for the future.
World Sustainable Development Outlook 2007: Knowledge Management and Sustainable Development in the 21st Century (World Sustainable Development Outlook Ser.)
by Allam AhmedThe World Sustainable Development Outlook series has been developed to provide an overview of sustainable development, to discuss why it is important and to provoke forward thinking on the development of a more coherent approach to solving global problems related to sustainability through science and technology. In doing so, a holistic approach is used to critically examine the interrelationship between the natural, governmental, economic and social dimensions of our world and how science and technology can contribute to solutions. This is a truly global source book, which is reflected in the varied national and cultural origins of the contributors, as well as the topics and case studies covered. Each year a different theme will be covered. The theme of World Sustainable Development Outlook 2007 is the different dimensions of knowledge and technology management in the new era of information revolution and how they relate to sustainable development. Rapid innovation in information and communication technologies (ICTs) is clearly reshaping the world we live in. Countries are increasingly judged by whether they are information-rich or information-poor. It is estimated that 30–40% of the world's economic growth and 40–50% of all new jobs will be IT-driven. Education and knowledge are the chief currencies of the modern age, and can also be a strategic resource and a lifeline for sustainable development. Yet, in Africa, millions of people have never made a telephone call. The technological gulf between developed and developing countries (DCs) is likely to widen further with the rapid expansion of the internet and the speedy transition to digitalisation in the West. The impacts on DCs may include an increase in the so-called brain drain and growing dependence on foreign aid of a different kind – knowledge aid. There are fears that knowledge imperialism is already with us. What is clear is that most of the technological innovations in ICTs are Western-designed and fail to address the needs of the most disadvantaged. The interest of industrialised countries in the use of ICTs in DCs has largely been more concerned with the profitability of their own business enterprises than with any broader goals concerning the development of the host countries. DCs face the challenge of either becoming an integral part of the knowledge-based global economy or the very real danger of finding themselves on the wrong side of the digital divide. Successful management in the new millennium requires developing new methods and approaches to meet the challenges and opportunities of this information revolution while at the same time fostering sustainable development. Adopting a holistic approach, this book aims to critically examine the interrelationship between these different issues in order to reach solutions and a consensus for a better future, taking into account a variety of international, institutional and intellectual perspectives. It uses case and country studies in technological innovation and experience so that lessons in effective management of ICTs can be learned from successful initiatives, ideas and innovations.
Food and Nutrition Security in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Vol. 1: National Analysis of Agricultural and Food Security
by Adam E. Ahmed Jameel M. Al-Khayri Azharia A. ElbushraFood and nutrition security is a major concern for Saudi Arabia and the surrounding regions due to the range of challenges they face. These challenges include limited agricultural resources, low self-sufficiency in key food staples, climate change, and high levels of food loss and waste. This book aims to evaluate and analyze the current situation and future prospects of food and nutrition security in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, it seeks to analyze and assess the roles and functions of various institutions related to food security, providing a deeper understanding of the complex problems associated with it. Furthermore, this book aligns with Kingdom Vision 2030, which includes a set of strategies and programs focused on agriculture, food, and water security. It also aligns with the institutional identity of King Faisal University's "Food Security and Environmental Sustainability".The book consists of four volumes. Volume 1, entitled "National Analysis of Agriculture and Food Security" aims to assess the current state of food security in Saudi Arabia, covering key aspects such as agriculture and food resources, food systems, crops, livestock, poultry, fisheries, animal health, food loss and waste, transportation and strategic reserve infrastructure, food security institutions, population, agricultural extension, climate change, agricultural mechanization, smart agriculture, and the utilization of solar energy.This book is highly significant for professionals, researchers, policymakers, and entrepreneurs involved in food and nutrition security in Saudi Arabia, the Gulf Cooperation Council, and various national and international organizations. It offers a comprehensive analysis of the obstacles and possibilities in ensuring food and nutrition security, as well as presenting practical approaches to address these issues. Additionally, graduate students studying in fields related to food and nutrition security will benefit from this book.
Food and Nutrition Security in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Vol. 2: Macroeconomic Policy and Its Implication on Food and Nutrition Security
by Adam E. Ahmed Jameel M. Al-Khayri Azharia A. ElbushraFood and nutrition security is a major concern for Saudi Arabia and the surrounding regions due to the range of challenges they face. These challenges include limited agricultural resources, low self-sufficiency in key food staples, climate change, and high levels of food loss and waste. This book aims to evaluate and analyze the current situation and future prospects of food and nutrition security in Saudi Arabia. Additionally, it seeks to analyze and assess the roles and functions of various institutions related to food security, providing a deeper understanding of the complex problems associated with it. Furthermore, this book aligns with Kingdom Vision 2030, which includes a set of strategies and programs focused on agriculture, food, and water security. It also aligns with the institutional identity of King Faisal University's "Food Security and Environmental Sustainability".The book consists of four volumes. Volume 2 is entitled "Macroeconomic Policy Implications on Food and Nutrition Security". It covers various areas, including food price, loss and waste, processing, finance, trade, investment, quality and safety, consumption patterns, climate change, early warning systems, nutrition institutions, oil revenue, and the significance of date palm and Hassawi rice, genetically modified food, and edible insects in ensuring food and nutritional security.This book is highly significant for professionals, researchers, policymakers, and entrepreneurs involved in food and nutrition security in Saudi Arabia, the Gulf Cooperation Council, and various national and international organizations. It offers a comprehensive analysis of the obstacles and possibilities in ensuring food and nutrition security, as well as presenting practical approaches to address these issues. Additionally, graduate students studying in fields related to food and nutrition security will benefit from this book.
Political Ecology of Industrial Crops (Earthscan Food and Agriculture)
by Abubakari AhmedThis book employs a political ecology lens to unravel how industrial crops catalyse ecological, agrarian, socioeconomic, and institutional transformation. Using the conceptual tools and perspectives of political ecology, namely multi-scalar analysis and attention to marginalisation, social difference, and discourses and narratives, this volume provides a critical and comprehensive assessment of the transformative power of industrial cropping systems. It presents a truly international overview by drawing on a range of case studies from the global South, including soybeans in South America, cashew nuts in Guinea Bissau, cotton in India, maize in China, jatropha in Ghana, sugarcane in Peru and Eswatini, and oil palm in Ghana and Peru. The unique case studies are put into perspective with chapters introducing the key concepts of political ecology and critical dimensions of industrial cropping systems related to large-scale land acquisitions, land grabbing, and marginal land. The individual chapters employ different approaches all rooted in political ecology, thus offering a rich overview of how the field engages with such cropping systems. Overall, this volume contains valuable propositions for improving current policies and practices in industrial crop settings in both developed and developing countries. Through its comprehensive and interdisciplinary outlook, this volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of political ecology, agrarian studies, development studies, and ecological economics.
Futures after Progress: Hope and Doubt in Late Industrial Baltimore
by Chloe AhmannA powerful ethnographic study of South Baltimore, a place haunted by toxic pasts in its pursuit of better futures. Factory fires, chemical explosions, and aerial pollutants have inexorably shaped South Baltimore into one of the most polluted places in the country. In Futures after Progress, anthropologist Chloe Ahmann explores the rise and fall of industrial lifeways on this edge of the city and the uncertainties that linger in their wake. Writing from the community of Curtis Bay, where two hundred years of technocratic hubris have carried lethal costs, Ahmann also follows local efforts to realize a good future after industry and the rifts competing visions opened between neighbors. Examining tensions between White and Black residents, environmental activists and industrial enthusiasts, local elders and younger generations, Ahmann shows how this community has become a battleground for competing political futures whose stakes reverberate beyond its six square miles in a present after progress has lost steam. And yet—as one young resident explains—“that’s not how the story ends.” Rigorous and moving, Futures after Progress probes the deep roots of our ecological predicament, offering insight into what lies ahead for a country beset by dreams deferred and a planet on the precipice of change.
Quantitative Genetics, Genomics and Plant Breeding
by Nourollah Ahmadi Meike S Anderson Robyn Anderson Paolo Annicchiarico Vivi N Arief Baffour Badu-Apraku Surinder S Banga Jérôme Bartholomé Kaye E Basford Jacqueline Batley Dharminder Bhatia Darshan S Brar Juan Burgueño Tuong-Vi Cao Hernán Ceballos Salvatore Ceccarelli Sandeep Chapagain Binu Cherian José Crossa Monica Danilevicz Ian H DeLacy Professor Dave Edwards M A Fakorede Cassie Tay Fernandez Mahalingam Govindaraj Cécile Grenier Mehak Gupta L A Hunt Shailesh Vinay Joshi Philomin Juliana Anand Kanatti Manjit Kang M T Labuschagne D Lloyd Evans Suschismita Modal Gurbachan S Miglani Osval A Montesinos-López E Obeng-Bio S A Oyekale Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez Wolfgang H Pfeiffer M Pillay K N Rai Lovepreet Singh Rajveer Singh Ravi Prakash Singh Prasanta K Subudhi A O Talabi S N Tchala Soodeh Tirnaz Parminder S Virk Weikai YanSince the first edition of this book was published in 2002, the field of quantitative genetics, genomics and breeding has changed markedly. In response, only four chapters have been updated for this new edition, and the remaining 16 chapters are entirely new. This book presents state-of-the-art, authoritative chapters on contemporary issues in the broad areas of quantitative genetics, genomics and plant breeding. Section 1 (Chapters 2 to 12) emphasizes the application of genomics, and genome and epigenome editing techniques, in plant breeding; bioinformatics; quantitative trait loci mapping; and the latest approaches of examining and exploiting genotype-environment interactions. Section 2 (Chapters 13 to 20) represents the intersection of breeding, genetics and genomics. This section describes the use of cutting-edge molecular breeding and quantitative genetics techniques in wheat, rice, maize, root and tuber crops and pearl millet. Overall, the book focuses on using genomic information to help evaluate traits that can combat biotic/abiotic stresses, genome-wide association mapping, high-throughput genotyping/phenotyping, biofortification, use of big data, orphan crops, and gene editing techniques. The examples featured are taken from across crop science research and cover a wide geographical base. This book contains: chapters by expert authors from six continents; state-of-the-art information on topical areas relative to crop improvement; coverage of genome-editing techniques.
Towards an Ecocritical Theatre: Playing the Anthropocene (Routledge Environmental Humanities)
by Mohebat AhmadiTowards an Ecocritical Theatre investigates contemporary theatre through the lens of Anthropocene-oriented ecocriticism. It assesses how Anthropocene thinking engages different modes of theatrical representation, as well as how the theatrical apparatus can rise to the representational challenges of changing interactions between humans and the nonhuman world. To explore these problems, the book investigates international Anglophone plays and performances by Caryl Churchill, Stephen Sewell, Andrew Bovell, E.M. Lewis, Chantal Bilodeau, Jordan Hall, and Miwa Matreyek, who have taken significant steps towards re-orienting theatre from its traditional focus on humans to an ecocritical attention to nonhumans and the environment in the Anthropocene. Their theatrical works show how an engagement with the problem of scale disrupts the humanist bias of theatre, provoking new modes of theatrical inquiry that envision a scale beyond the human and realign our ecological culture, art, and intimacy with geological time. Moreover, the plays and performances studied here, through their liveness, immediacy, physicality, and communality, examine such scalar shifts via the problem of agency in order to give expression to the stories of nonhuman actants. These theatrical works provoke reflections on the flourishing of multispecies responsibilities and sensitivities in aesthetic and ethical terms, providing a platform for research in the environmental humanities through imaginative conversations on the world’s iterative performativity in which all bodies, human and nonhuman, are cast horizontally as agential forces on the theatrical world stage. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of theatre studies, environmental humanities, and ecocritical studies.
Computational Fluid and Particle Dynamics in the Human Respiratory System (Biological and Medical Physics, Biomedical Engineering)
by Goodarz Ahmadi Jiyuan Tu Kiao InthavongTraditional research methodologies in the human respiratory system have always been challenging due to their invasive nature. Recent advances in medical imaging and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) have accelerated this research. This book compiles and details recent advances in the modelling of the respiratory system for researchers, engineers, scientists, and health practitioners. It breaks down the complexities of this field and provides both students and scientists with an introduction and starting point to the physiology of the respiratory system, fluid dynamics and advanced CFD modeling tools. In addition to a brief introduction to the physics of the respiratory system and an overview of computational methods, the book contains best-practice guidelines for establishing high-quality computational models and simulations. Inspiration for new simulations can be gained through innovative case studies as well as hands-on practice using pre-made computational code. Last but not least, students and researchers are presented the latest biomedical research activities, and the computational visualizations will enhance their understanding of physiological functions of the respiratory system.
Environmental Management of Air, Water, Agriculture, and Energy
by Ahmad Vasel-Be-Hagh David S.K. TingEnvironmental Management of Air, Water, Agriculture, and Energy brings together the most current state of knowledge on four major elements for sustaining life on planet Earth: air, water, food, and energy. It examines how green technology aids in mitigating the global water, energy, and climate change crises, including the use of electrostatic force and green infrastructure. The concepts of underwater vegetation and aquatic cultivation, as well as vertical farms, are presented to spark discussion on emerging water-energy-food nexus lessons, experiences, and opportunities. This book takes a comprehensive global-scale approach to examining potential future environmental scenarios and outcomes. Features: Analyzes the most recent research findings in each of the areas covered Synthesizes the state-of-the-art understanding Recommends ways to strive forward and to shape future research Serves as an educational tool for educators and students Supported by detailed examples and case studies, this book serves not only as an up-to-date source of information for environmental experts and researchers in the field, but also as an educational tool for relevant undergraduate and graduate courses. It is also suitable for industry professionals concerned with preserving planet Earth for generations to come.
Successful Development of Green Building Projects (Spon Research)
by Tayyab AhmadFocusing on office buildings, this book explores how green building development can be managed to achieve successful project outcomes. The book starts by highlighting the special requirements of green buildings which distinguish them from traditional buildings. The book then presents a detailed discussion of the success conditions for green building projects. Highlighting 73 success conditions which have been categorized within 20 broad themes, the book reports on the findings from interviews with Green Building stakeholders from Australia, Hong Kong, Pakistan, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, and the United Kingdom. The book demonstrates how the complexity, design methodology, and team collaboration prevalent in the delivery of successful green buildings sets them apart from traditional building projects. The book also demonstrates that success in green building delivery is generally associated with socio-technical conditions. The research reported in this book will allow project decision-makers such as clients and project team members to consider the wide range of identified success conditions to optimise project performance across its development stages and achieve successful project outcomes. Theoretically, the findings can inform future research focused on green building development, resulting in the more efficient development of green building projects that can reduce the effects of climate change and resource depletion.
Toxicology and Human Health: Environmental Exposures and Biomarkers
by Md. Irshad Ahmad Mohammad Mahamood Mehjbeen Javed Saleh S. AlhewairiniThis contributed volume brings out a comprehensive collection of information on environmental toxicology, its impact on living organisms in general and human health in particular. The main focus of this book is to address human health issues and risk assessment. Toxicological studies help in understanding the impact of harmful substances including both natural and synthetic chemicals on organisms and their environment. Contributions in the title include both laboratory and field based studies with a focus on human health. Moreover, day by day, there is an increase in the range of chemicals from pharmaceutical and other industries, agricultural runoffs, medicine, and many other sources which continuously contribute to the earth's chemical load. Almost all the countries are facing great difficulties in responding to the crucial and immediate need for effective management of such contaminants. The title compiles studies in regards to environmental toxicology and its effect on human health. This book provides critical information and knowledge that can be used by regulatory agencies, decision-makers, policy makers, graduate and post-graduate students, researchers, environmental toxicologists, etc, and others to put programs and policies in place to limit our exposures to these substances thereby preventing or reducing the likelihood that a disease or other negative health outcomes would occur.
Energy Recovery Technology for Building Applications: Green Innovation towards a Sustainable Future
by Mardiana Idayu Ahmad Saffa RiffatThis book discusses energy recovery technology, a green innovation that can be used in buildings. This technology reduces energy consumption in buildings and provides energy savings to conventional mechanical ventilation systems. Divided into eight chapters, the book provides in-depth technical information, state-of-the-art research, and latest developments in the energy recovery technology field. Case-studies describe worldwide applications of energy recovery technology and its integrated system for building services. This book will be used as a general and technical reference book for students, engineers, professionals, practitioners, scientists, and researchers seeking to reduce energy consumption of buildings in various climatic conditions.Presents an overview of energy consumption scenarios in buildings and the needs for energy-efficient technologies at regional and global levels;Explains models and methods of energy recovery technology performance evaluation;Inspires further research into energy recovery technology for building applications.
Nocturnal Cooling Technology for Building Applications (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Mardiana Idayu Ahmad Hasila Jarimi Saffa RiffatThis book discusses nocturnal cooling technologies for building applications. Exploiting the natural environment as a renewable and sustainable resource has become a significant strategy for passive energy saving in buildings, and has led to growing interest in the use of passive radiative cooling based on nighttime (nocturnal) and daytime (diurnal) operating periods. Of these, nocturnal cooling is more promising since diurnal cooling is hard to achieve due to the solar radiation effect. As such, this book provides a comprehensive overview of nocturnal cooling for building applications, including a definition, concepts and principles; materials and devices; and cooling systems and configurations.
Renewable Energy and Sustainable Technologies for Building and Environmental Applications
by Mardiana Idayu Ahmad Mazran Ismail Saffa RiffatThis diverse resource on renewableenergy and sustainable technologies highlights the status, state of the art,challenges, advancements and options in areas such as energy recovery systems,turbine ventilators, green composites, biofuels andbio-resources for energy production, wind energy, integrated energy-efficientsystems, thermal energy storage, natural ventilation & day-lightingsystems, and low carbon technologies for building and environmentalapplications. It is designed to serve as a reference book for students,researchers, manufacturers and professionals working in these fields. Theeditors have gathered articles from world-leading experts that clearlyillustrate key areas in renewable energy and sustainability. The distinct roleof these technologies in future endeavors is stressed by taking into accountthe opportunities to contribute with new approaches, methods and directions forbuilding and environmental applications. The in-depth discussion presented inthis book will give readers a clear understanding of every important aspect ofeach technology's applications, optimum configuration, modifications,limitations and their possible improvements.
Water Policy in Pakistan: Issues and Options (Global Issues in Water Policy #30)
by Mahmood AhmadThe water policy issues are well- documented in a large set of reports and studies, completed over time showing that the policy prescription and its implementation has been weak in the past as this book reveals. The key reforms initiated were lost due to a lack of government’s will and commitment and more so by pervasive political economy of water. Given this background, each chapter in the book follows a balanced approach in seeking and evaluating alternate solutions to water management issues, especially improvements in water governance and tackling new challenges emerging from the climate change in the short and long term. This approach underpins the importance of moving from the culture of piloting projects to actual implementation on an impact-oriented scale. The book would also highlight that most of the water solutions lie outside the water sector such as agriculture, population, economy, etc. Post COVID-19 policies are exploring new food-health nexus that calls for nature based solutions for our future agriculture growth. The book would show case pioneer work underway in Pakistan on how new policy discourse can reduce water use in agriculture without investing in expensive water technology and infrastructure, thus saving enough water for other competing purposes.