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Evaluating Contract Claims
by John Mullen Peter DavisonAn important guide to the quantification of contract claims in the construction industry, updated third edition The substantially expanded third edition of Evaluating Contract Claims puts the spotlight on the quantification of claims in the construction industry after liability has been established, including by reference to the terms of several standard forms of contract in common use. The authors clearly demonstrate the potential alternative approaches to quantification, the processes, principles and standard of analysis required to produce acceptable claims for additional payment. The third edition covers a number of heads claims not considered in previous editions and offers an important guide for those working with building or engineering contracts. Evaluating Contract Claims explains in detail how the base from which evaluation of additional payments may be established, the effect of changes on the programme of work and the sources of information for evaluation of additional payments. The book also contains information for evaluating the direct consequences of change in terms of the impact on unit rates, and evaluating of the time consequences of change in terms of prolongation, disruption, acceleration and more. This important book: Concentrates on the quantification of contract claims after liability has been established Offers a guide that is appropriate for any form of contract Considers the potential alternative approaches to quantification of different heads of claim Contains the principles and methods that should be reflected in the evaluation of claim quantum Includes the standard of substantiation which may be required Presents information that is equally applicable in both building and engineering disputes Is substantially expanded from its previous editions Written for construction and engineering contract administrators, project managers, quantity surveyors and contract consultants, Evaluating Contract Claims offers a revised third edition to the essential guide for quantifying claims in the construction industry once liability has been established.
Euthanasia, Ethics and the Law: From Conflict to Compromise (Biomedical Law and Ethics Library)
by Richard HuxtableEuthanasia, Ethics and the Law argues that the law governing the ending of life in England and Wales is unclear, confused and often contradictory. The book shows that the rules are in competition because the ethical principles underlying the rules are also diverse and conflicting. In mounting his case Richard Huxtable considers some familiar and topical debates, including assisted suicide and voluntary euthanasia, examining such situations as the Dianne Pretty litigation and Lord Joffe's Assisted Dying for the Terminally Ill Bill. The book also enters some important, but less well-charted areas, looking at the advent of 'death tourism' and the real status of involuntary and passive euthanasia in English law, in addition to clarifying the confusion that surrounds the use of powerful painkillers like morphine. Dealing with both legal and ethical issues, the text concludes that the time has come to more openly adopt a compromise position - one that more honestly recognises and accommodates the competing values, whilst also restoring a measure of coherence to the law.
Euthanasia, Ethics and Public Policy: An Argument against Legalisation (Cambridge Bioethics and Law)
by John KeownThis book argues against the legalisation of voluntary euthanasia and/or physician-assisted suicide on the ground that, even if they were ethically defensible in certain 'hard cases', neither could be effectively controlled by law. It maintains that the experience of legalisation in the Netherlands, Belgium and Oregon lends support to the two 'slippery slope' arguments against legalisation, the 'empirical' and the 'logical'. The empirical argument challenges the feasibility of drafting and enforcing adequate safeguards against abuse and mistake; the logical argument shows that acceptance of the case for euthanasia in the case of suffering patients who request it logically involves acceptance of euthanasia for suffering patients who are unable to request it, such as infants and those with advanced dementia.
Euthanasia: All That Matters (All That Matters)
by Richard HuxtableThe Dignitas clinic in Switzerland may be a long way away. But the issues around euthanasia can suddenly become very close to home. To many, it seems remarkable that in a society where freedom of choice is eulogised, thousands of people find that there is one last choice that they are not free to make. But as this book will show, euthanasia is an issue at the intersection of new technology, old laws, and timeless ethical quandaries, so that even apparently clear-cut cases have many contradictions. Drawing on the latest research and cases from around the world, Richard Huxtable drills deep into the key issues around euthanasia. His is a new, balanced look at an important issue, and it will appeal to lawyers, medical students and - most importantly - those who find themselves or their relatives faced with end of life dilemmas.
Euthanasia, Abortion, Death Penalty and Religion - The Right to Life and its Limitations: International Empirical Research (Religion and Human Rights #4)
by Hans-Georg Ziebertz Francesco ZaccariaThis book considers how the termination of life might be accepted in the view of a general obligation to protect life. It features more than 10 papers written by scholars from 14 countries that offer international comparative empirical research. Inside, readers will find case studies from such areas as: India, Chile, Germany, Italy, England, Palestine, Lithuania, Nigeria, and Poland. The papers focus on three limitations of the right to life: the death penalty, abortion, and euthanasia. The contributors explore how young people understand and evaluate the right to life and its limitations. The book presents unique empirical research among today's youth and reveals that, among other concepts, religiosity matters. It provides insight into the acceptance, perception, and legitimation of human rights by people from different religious and cultural backgrounds. This investigation rigorously tests for inter-individual differences regarding political and judicial rights on religious grounds, while controlling for other characteristics. It will help readers better understand the many facets of this fundamental, yet controversial, philosophical question. The volume will be of interest to students, researchers, as well as general readers searching for answers.
Euthanasia: Experiences and Insights of Belgian Doctors and Nurses
by Timothy DevosThis open access book has been written by ten Belgian health care professionals, nurses, university professors and doctors specializing in palliative care and ethicists who, together, raise questions concerning the practice of euthanasia. They share their experiences and reflections born out of their confrontation with requests for euthanasia and end-of-life support in a country where euthanasia has been decriminalized since 2002 and is now becoming a trivial topic.Far from evoking any militancy, these stories of life and death present the other side of a reality needs to be evaluated more rigorously.Featuring multidisciplinary perspectives, this though-provoking and original book is intended not only for caregivers but also for anyone who questions the meaning of death and suffering, as well as the impact of a law passed in 2002. Presenting real-world cases and experiences, it highlights the complexity of situations and the consequences of the euthanasia law.This book appeals to palliative care providers, hematologists, oncologists, psychiatrists, nurses and health professionals as well as researchers, academics, policy-makers, and social scientists working in health care. It is also a unique resource for those in countries where the decriminalization of euthanasia is being considered. Sometimes shocking, it focuses on facts and lived experiences to challenge readers and offer insights into euthanasia in Belgium.
Euthanasia: All That Matters
by Richard HuxtableThe Dignitas clinic in Switzerland may be a long way away. But the issues around euthanasia can suddenly become very close to home. To many, it seems remarkable that in a society where freedom of choice is eulogised, thousands of people find that there is one last choice that they are not free to make. But as this book will show, euthanasia is an issue at the intersection of new technology, old laws, and timeless ethical quandaries, so that even apparently clear-cut cases have many contradictions. Drawing on the latest research and cases from around the world, Richard Huxtable drills deep into the key issues around euthanasia. His is a new, balanced look at an important issue, and it will appeal to lawyers, medical students and - most importantly - those who find themselves or their relatives faced with end of life dilemmas.
The Eurozone Crisis
by Kaarlo Tuori Klaus TuoriTopical and timely, this book offers an economically informed constitutional analysis on European responses to the crisis. It discusses the longer-term proposals on the table including rescue measures and stability mechanisms, as well as the tightening of European economic governance. The authors see the European constitution as a multidimensional and multi-temporal process of constitutionalisation. They examine how the crisis has catapulted the economic constitution back to the 'pacemaker' position from where it determines developments in the political and social dimensions. However, now the key role is not played by the constitution of 'microeconomics', focusing on free movement and competition law, but the constitution of 'macroeconomics', introduced in Maastricht.
Europe's Second Constitution: Crisis, Courts and Community (Cambridge Studies in Constitutional Law #24)
by Markus W. GehringThe process of European constitutionalisation is met with extensive scepticism in current national legal and political spheres and in broader circles of public opinion across Europe. By shedding light on these concerns, this book reveals a widespread misunderstanding of constitutional federalism, which permeates the Member State courts, popular media, and many academic communities. A failure to address confusion over this fundamental concept is leading us towards impoverished development of the EU's 'Second Constitution', and even ensuring that the role of both domestic and international European courts in enriching the constitutionalisation process is overlooked and undervalued. In a bid to avoid such consequences, this book explores how federalism and further constitutionalisation - rightly understood in a dialogue of the European courts - may actually change this process and allow a clearer advance toward Europe's Second Constitution for, but also with, the people of Europe.
Europe's Other: European Law Between Modernity and Post Modernity (Routledge Revivals)
by Peter Fitzpatrick James Henry BergeronFirst published in 1998, this volume focuses critically on the European identity of the law of the European Union, of national law and the law of human rights. It is primarily concerned with the ways in which European identity is created through the rejection of a malign Other constituted in opposition to all that a virtuous Europe and its law, are supposed to be. The construction of this Other is explored in claims of the EU legal order to a unity and coherence transcending the nation-state; in the assertion of a European identity through laws effecting cultural, immigration and security policies; and in the claims to a lofty 'European-ness' made by national law and the European Convention on Human Rights. A major contribution to the understanding of European Law in the terms of the debates over modernity and postmodernity, this book will interest those involved with studies of the European Union and its law, with critical legal studies and also with socio-legal studies.
The Europeanization of National Administrations: Common Agricultural Policy in Denmark and Greece
by Sevasti ChatzopoulouDrawing on comparative politics and social network analysis, this book examines how the domestic institutional and organizational settings, as well as the network governance patterns, determine variation in administrative responses to EU’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in two European Union (EU) member states, Denmark and Greece. These two small member states represent the North and South dimensions of the EU. The north-south dimension in relation to administrative structures, respond differently to EU common policies―and to Common Agricultural Policy, specifically―which has not been studied in the Europeanization literature. Even though, the study of administrative responses to EU common policies is important as it has been especially noticeable during the current financial crisis. Europeanisation studies concentrate on either large Western European states (France, Germany and UK) or small Western Northern states. These studies produced detailed knowledge on specific countries and policy areas but they ignored the agricultural policy area and the importance of small Southern member states. By comparing a small Southern with a small Northern state since the accession to the EU, this book aims to fill this gap in the literature. Moreover, by linking the findings of the two cases to the member states that joined the EU in the 2004 fifth enlargement, and in other policy areas, it allows a better understanding of similar responses, either adaptation or inertia."This book represents an important contribution to the theoretical and empirical literature on Europeanisation and the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). It systematically tackles an under studied question: does Europeanisation of policies lead to administrative change and convergence among the member states? The domestic administration of the EU CAP has remained domestically designed and monitored, resulting in divergence among the member states and gaps and imbalances in the performance of EU CAP decisions. The CAP is of more general interest because it combines regulatory and market intervention policy instruments. The analysis proceeds through in depth comparative historical case studies of Denmark and Greece which uses a sophisticated combination of quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The authoritative and informative analysis is structured by a focus on three key domestic factors. There is differentiated administration of common policies and while administration succeeds and adapts in one state, it does not necessarily do so in others, leading to differences in implementation performance. This book should provide a stimulus for further research." ―Wyn Grant, University of WarwickThe last 40 years have been crucial for the European agriculture. The Common Agricultural Policy fulfilled its primary objective, which led Europeans to shift its objectives and cope with the shortcomings created by the success of the Policy itself―manage surpluses and narrow the gap between farmers, due to price mechanism―as well as, adapt the policy following the successive enlargements and follow the developments in the global economy, in which we live nowadays. Dr. Chatzopoulou gives us a very accurate image on how differently actors of the agricultural economy, farmers, cooperatives and the administrations both in Greece and Denmark, behave. But also, how different is the structure of the sector in these two countries: in Denmark, almost everything is based upon a consensus, where there does not exist a law on cooperatives, and where the administration and the sector work together to adapt or to influence the decisions to take at European level. On the other hand, in Greece, farmers struggle to make their voice heard in the absence of professional organizations, the cooperatives are bound to work in the framework of a specific and strict law and the administration was not shown very cooperative with the sector. These two realities are very well illustrated by the author and many lessons are to be learnt thr
Europeanization of Environmental Policies and their Limitations: Capacity Building
by Arpad Todor Florenţa Elena HelepciucThis book offers a window into the mechanisms that drive events when countries with poor track records in environmental protection and low administrative capacity, join an organisation with ambitious environmental regulatory regimes, which include some of the highest environmental protections standards in the world.This book examines the institutional building capacity in Romania after two decades of the development of the EU's environmental policy on elaboration, transposition, implementation, monitoring and institutional building. The book examines how Romania has fared as one of the least environmentally friendly EU member states, and poses the following questions. What are the limits of Europeanisation in the area of public policies? What is the reason why, despite the overwhelming public interest in environmental issues, and widespread agreement that urgent action to protect the environment and prevent catastrophic climate change are paramount, the pace of achieving the goals is remains slow. Why do policies fail?This book brings together several case studies focusing on the evolution of environmental policies in Romania over the last twenty years, with a special focus on the post-accession period (2007 onwards). The book provides an analysis of policies, where progress is less than satisfactory, and examines why this is the case.
The Europeanization of Domestic Legislatures
by Olivier Costa Thomas König Sylvain BrouardIn ten years 80 per cent of the legislation related to economics, maybe also to taxes and social aff airs, will be of Community origin." This declaration has been largely quoted, paraphrased and deformed by different authors, creating a persistent myth according to which 80% of the legislative activity of the national legislatures would soon be reduced to the simple transposition of European norms". This book addresses the topic of the scope and impact of Europeanization on national legislation, as a part of the Europeanization debate which raises normative concerns linked to the "democratic deficit" debate. The state of the art shows that there are many assumptions and claims on how European integration may affect national legislation and, more generally, domestic governance but that there is a lack of solid and comparative data to test them. The aim of the book is to give a solid and comparative insight into Europeanization focusing on effective outcomes in a systematic way. This book analyzes the period 1986-2008 and includes an introduction, a global overview of European legislative activities which set the background for Europeanization of national legislatures, 9 country contributions (8 EU member states + Switzerland) including systematic, comparative and standardized data, tables and figures, and a conclusion with a comparative analysis of the European and domestic reasons for Europeanization. All national contributions conclude that Europeanization of national legislation is much more limited than assumed in the literature and public debate. It is limited to 10 to 30% of laws (depending on the country), far less than the 80% predicted by Jacques Delors and mentioned daily by medias and public opinion leaders to demonstrate EU domination on member states. Beside that general statement, the various chapters propose a deep insight on EU constraint over national legislation, providing much information on the kind of laws and policies that are Europeanized, the evolution of this process through time, the impact of Europeanization on the balance of powers and the relations between majority and opposition at national level, the strategies developed by national institutions in that context, and many other issues, making the book of interest to academics and policy-makers concerned with Europeanization and national legislation.
Europeanisation, Soft Law and the Crisis: The Case of the European Youth Strategy
by Niclas BeinbornInfluence of “hard” law on national policies still is a central topic in Europeanisation research. One aspect often overlooked is the impact of “soft” law instruments such as the “Open Method of Coordination” (OMC). Through the OMC all member states agree on common goals and exchange “best practices” to improve policy coordination in a certain area without the obligation (how) to design policies. OMC impacts in individual member states have been studied extensively, yet a comparative perspective explaining their variance is lacking. This study by Niclas Beinborn tries to fill this gap by analysing the different impacts of a recent OMC: the European Youth Strategy 2010 (EUYS). His analysis is twofold: in a first step he applies theory-driven fuzzy-set QCA to a novel dataset depicting the variance of national activities around the EUYS. As causalities remain unclear, in a second step he presents an innovative analysis framework encompassing two dimensions – national motivation and relative openness to implement non-binding EU law – to define ideal types of OMC adaptation. Case studies on the EUYS in Germany and Ireland proof the potential of this framework to explain why and how OMCs work (differently).
Europeanisation of Private Enforcement of Competition Law: The Case of Albania
by Gentjan SkaraThis book argues that the European integration process (Europeanisation) is pushing the member states and candidate countries toward a greater convergence with the EU’s competition acquis. Through the transposition of the Directive 2014/104/EU, the member states have harmonised substantive and procedural rules, which is beneficial to individuals and enterprises because it provides a minimum protection across all member states. In addition, it is commonly agreed in academia that the prospect of EU membership brings positive domestic changes in the candidate countries. At the moment, Albania is waiting to open negotiations for the chapters of the EU acquis.Firstly, this book addresses the evolution of private enforcement at the European level by examining the objectives, modalities, and actors that contributed to the development of private enforcement. Secondly, it analyses the Directive 2014/104/EU and how the three selected EU member states have transposed the directive into their domestic legal system considering the discretion margin left by Article 288 TFEU and a minimum harmonisation level defined in the directive. Thirdly, it provides a historical overview of private enforcement in Albania and shows how the Albanian Competition Authority has addressed the transposition of the Directive 2014/104/EU.
The Europeanisation of International Family Law
by N. A. BaarsmaChoice of law determines which national legal system applies to an international case. Currently many choice of law rules in the field of family law are regulated by national law. However, these national rules of the EU Member States are more and more displaced by common European rules. This book describes the changes brought by the Europeanisation of the choice of law on divorce. From the conclusions drawn in the field of divorce the concluding chapter discusses the changes of Europeanisation of international family law in a broader perspective.
The Europeanisation of Contract Law: Current Controversies in Law
by Christian Twigg-FlesnerCritical yet accessible, this book provides an overview of the current debates about the ‘Europeanization’ of contract law. Charting the extent to which English contract law has been subject to this activity, it is the ideal volume for readers unfamiliar with the subject who wish to understand the main issues quickly. It examines a range of key developments, including: a string of directives adopted by the European Union that touch on various aspects of consumer law recent plans for a European Common Frame of Reference on European Contract Law. Bringing together advanced legal scholarship, critically examining key developments in the field and considering the arguments for and against greater convergence in the area of contract law, this is an excellent read for postgraduate students studying contract and/or European law.
European Yearbook of International Economic Law (EYIEL), Vol. 4
by Markus Krajewski Jörg Philipp Terhechte Christoph HerrmannPart one of Volume 4 (2013) of the European Yearbook of International Economic Law offers a special focus on recent developments in international competition policy and law. International competition law has only begun to emerge as a distinct subfield of international economic law in recent years, even though international agreements on competition co-operation date back to the 1970s. Competition law became a prominent subject of political and academic debates in the late 1990s when competition and trade were discussed as one of the Singapore issues in the WTO. Today, international competition law is a complex and multi-layered system of rules and principles encompassing not only the external application of domestic competition law and traditional bilateral co-operation agreements, but also competition provisions in regional trade agreements and non-binding guidelines and standards. Furthermore, the relevance of competition law for developing countries and the relationship between competition law and public services are the subject of heated debates. The contributions to this volume reflect the growing diversity of the issues and elements of international competition law. Part two presents analytical reports on the developments of the regional integration processes in North America, Central Africa and Southeast Asia as well as on the treaty practice of the European Union. Part three covers the legal and political developments in major international organizations that deal with international economic law, namely the IMF, WCO, WTO, WIPO, ICSID and UNCTAD. Lastly, part four offers book reviews of recent works in the field of international economic law.
European Yearbook of International Economic Law (EYIEL), Vol. 3
by Jörg Philipp Terhechte Christoph HerrmannThe third volume of the European Yearbook of International Economic law focuses on two major topics of current academic and political interest. Firstly, it adresses the 10th anniversary of China's accession to the WTO and its implications; secondly, it deals with different legal aspects of global energy markets.
European Yearbook of International Economic Law 2022 (European Yearbook of International Economic Law #13)
by Jelena Bäumler Christina Binder Marc Bungenberg Markus Krajewski Giesela Rühl Christian J. Tams Jörg Philipp Terhechte Andreas R. ZieglerClimate change is the defining challenge of our time. While political leadership and scientific expertise are key, law has a major role to play in fashioning responses. Volume 13 of the EYIEL assesses central aspects of the legal regimes governing "Climate Change and Liability". Covering traditional trade and investment topics as well EU instruments regulating private actors, contributions reflect the diverse links between international economic law and climate change. Through a mix of foundational inquiries and coverage of current issues (such as climate change litigation), the volume offers a rich and nuanced account of international economic law in an era of "Climate Change and Liability".
European Yearbook of International Economic Law 2021 (European Yearbook of International Economic Law #12)
by Jelena Bäumler Christina Binder Marc Bungenberg Markus Krajewski Giesela Rühl Christian J. Tams Jörg Philipp Terhechte Andreas R. ZieglerVolume 12 of the EYIEL focuses on “The Future of Dispute Settlement in International Economic Law”. While new forms of dispute settlement are emerging, others are in deep crisis. The volume starts off with reflections on Dispute Settlement and the World Trade Organisation, most prominently the crisis of the Appellate Body, but also addressing international intellectual property law and the African Continental Free Trade Area. This is followed by a section on Dispute Settlement and Investment Protection/International Investment Law, which includes articles on the summary dismissal of claims, the margin of appreciation doctrine, the use of conciliation to settle sovereign debt disputes, and contract-based arbitration in light of Achmea and Hagia Sophia at ICSID. Further contributions consider the emerging role of commercial courts, the dejudicialization of international economic law, dispute settlement in the UK-EU Withdrawal Agreement, reference mechanisms in dispute resolution clauses, and UNCLOS.
European Yearbook of International Economic Law 2020 (European Yearbook of International Economic Law #11)
by Marc Bungenberg Markus Krajewski Christian J. Tams Jörg Philipp Terhechte Andreas R. ZieglerVolume 11 of the EYIEL focuses on rights and obligations of business entities under international economic law. It deals with the responsibilities of business entities as well as their special status in various subfields of international law, including human rights, corruption, competition law, international investment law, civil liability and international security law. The contributions to this volume thus highlight the significance of international law for the regulation of business entities. In addition, EYIEL 11 addresses recent challenges, developments as well as events in European and international economic law such as the 2019 elections to the European Parliament, Brexit and the EU-Mercosur Free Trade Agreement. A series of essays reviewing new books on international trade and investment law completes the volume.
European Yearbook of International Economic Law 2019 (European Yearbook of International Economic Law #10)
by Markus Krajewski Jörg Philipp Terhechte Marc Bungenberg Andreas R. Ziegler Christian J. TamsVolume 10 of the EYIEL focusses on the relationship between transnational labour law and international economic law on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the International Labour Organisation (ILO). As one of the oldest UN Agencies, the ILO has achieved considerable progress with respect to labour rights and conditions. The contributions to EYIEL Volume 10 assess these achievements in light of current and future challenges. The ILO’s core instruments and legal documents are analysed and similarly the impact labour standards have on trade and investment agreements. In its regional section, EYIEL 10 addresses recent developments in the US and the EU, including the US’ trade policy strategy towards China as well as the reform of the NAFTA. In its part on institutions, EYIEL 10 focusses inter alia on the role of the rule of law in relation to current practices of the International Monetary Fund and of the WTO’s Appellate Body as an international court. Furthermore, it provides an overview of current cases before the WTO. Finally, the volume entails a section with review essays on recently published books in the field of international economic law and international investment law.
European Yearbook of International Economic Law 2018 (European Yearbook of International Economic Law #9)
by Markus Krajewski Jörg Philipp Terhechte Marc Bungenberg Andreas R. Ziegler Christian J. TamsVolume 9 of the EYIEL focusses on natural resources law understood as a special area of international economic law. In light of increasing conflicts over access to and the use of natural resources and of their impact on political, social and environmental aspects, the contributions of this volume analyse to which extent international economic law can contribute to the sustainable exploitation, management and distribution of natural resources. The volume collects contributions on general principles of natural resources law, the importance of natural resources for trade, investment and European economic law as well as analyses of particular sectors and areas including fracking, timber, space and deep seabed mining and natural resources in the arctic region.In its section on regional developments, EYIEL 9 addresses two regional integration systems which are usually not at the centre of public interest, but which deserve all the more attention due to their special relations with Europe: The Eurasian Economic Union and the Caribbean Community (CARICOM). Further EYIEL sections address recent WTO and investment case law as well as developments at the IMF. The volume also contains review essays of important recent books in international economic law and other aspects of international law which are connected to international economic relations.The chapter "Sovereignty, Ownership and Consent in Natural Resource Contracts: From Concepts to Practice" by Lorenzo Cotula is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license via link.springer.com.
European Yearbook of International Economic Law 2016
by Marc Bungenberg Christoph Herrmann Markus Krajewski Jörg Philipp TerhechteVolume 7 of the EYIEL focusses on criticalperspectives of international economic law. Recent protests against free tradeagreements such as the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)remind us that international economic law has always been a politically andlegally contested field. This volume collects critical contributions on trade,investment, financial and other subfields of international economic law fromscholars who have shaped this debate for many years. The critical contributionsto this volume are challenged and sometimes rejected by commentators who havebeen invited to be "critical with the critics". The result is a uniquecollection of critical essays accompanied by alternative and competing views onsome of the most fundamental topics of international economic law. In its section on regional developments, EYIEL 7addresses recent megaregional and plurilateral trade and investment agreementsand negotiations. Short insights on various aspects of the TranspacificPartnership (TPP) and its sister TTIP are complemented with comments on otherdevelopments, including the African Tripartite FTA und the negotiations on aplurilateral Trade in Services Agreement (TiSA). Further sections addressrecent WTO and investment case law as well as recent developments concerningthe IMF, UNCTAD and the WCO. The volume closes with reviews of recent books ininternational economic law.