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Essays after Wittgenstein
by J.F.M. HunterWritten within the tradition of Wittgenstein's work, these eight original essays in philosophical psychology are either by-products of efforts to understand Wittgenstein's later writings or applications of techniques and approaches derived from Wittgenstein to problems about which he did not say a great deal. In much of his later writings, Wittgenstein was not so much trying to explain his own views as to tease, annoy, and confuse the reader into working our for himself solutions to some philosophical problems. Professor Hunter, goaded and guided by Wittgenstein, here presents in clear and plain prose the views that he has worked out on a number of different questions. Although the essays are not exegetical in form, they will be found by students of the great philosopher to contain a large number of novel suggestions as to how Wittgenstein might be interpreted; philosophers, psychologists, linguists, and mathematicians are offered an unconventional, interesting, and richly argued approach to some of the main problems in philosophical psychology. The essays treat Meaning, Telling, Pain, Logical Compulsion, Identity, Imagining, Dreaming, and Talking. One eminent scholar has predicted that this volume may reverse the present tendency of philosophers to follow the lead of Noam Chomsky in the philosophy of language.
Experimental Researches: Experimental Researches (Collected Works of C.G. Jung #No. 20)
by C.G. JungAfter joining the staff of the Burgholzli Mental Hospital in 1900, Jung developed and applied the word-association tests for studying normal and abnormal psychology. The studies have remained a significant phase in the development of Jung's conceptions and an important contribution to diagnostic psychology and psychiatry. Between 1904 and 1907 he published nine studies on the tests. These studies, together with two lectures on the association method given in 1909 at Clark University and three articles on psychophysical researches from American and English journals in 1907-1908, compose this volume. Jung's association studies showed the definite influence of Bleuler and also of Freud, with whom he worked closely for several years. With this volume, the Collected Works are complete except for the Miscellany, Bibliography and Index volumes.
The Experimental Study of Freudian Theories (Psychology Revivals)
by Hans J. Eysenck and Glenn D. WilsonOriginally published in 1973 the editors of this book collected together those studies which had been considered at the time to yield the best evidence in support of Freudian theory, and found on close examination that they failed to provide any such proof. Each paper is printed in full and is followed by a critical discussion which raises questions of statistical treatment, sufficiency of controls and alternative interpretations. The particular usefulness of this format is that it allows readers to form their own opinions while providing helpful suggestions and guidelines on how to approach experimental studies with a critical mind.
The Gestalt Approach, and Eye Witness to Therapy
by Fritz PerlsThe Gestalt Approach is "an exploration of a somewhat new approach to the entire subject of human behavior -- both in its actuality and its potentiality." Eye Witness contains film transcripts that Perls believed had significant teaching value.
Human Associative Memory
by John R. Anderson G. H. BowerFirst published in 1973. This book proposes and tests a theory about human memory, about how a person encodes, retains, and retrieves information from memory. The book is especially concerned with memory for sentential materials. We propose a theoretical framework which is adequate for describing comprehension of linguistic materials, for exhibiting the internal representation of propositional materials, for characterizing the interpretative processes which encode this information into memory and make use of it for remembering, for answering questions, recognizing instances of known categories, drawing inferences, and making deductions.
In Defence of Empirical Psychology (Psychology Revivals)
by D. E. BroadbentOriginally published in 1973, this book contains the 1971 William James Lectures at Harvard, the first by that name to be given by a British psychologist. In addition, there are reprints of four shorter lectures which had not been easily available before. Together the resulting collection gave a broad picture of a number of advances in human psychology in the previous ten years. Memory, attention, language, and the processes of decision are discussed, and typical recent ideas and experiments described. Each topic is presented, however, with continual reference to the reasons why the research was done, its implications for philosophy and for scientific method, and its connection with an attitude to politics and life as a whole. The author not only describes little known facts about the way people take decisions or remember, but also argues that we are living through a change in our attitudes to human nature: and that proper concern for human values, or understanding of people with minds different from our own, must demand a more scientific and less intuitive analysis of man. Experiments on human beings still strike many of us as cold-blooded and inhuman; this book tries to explain why some scientists devote themselves to this approach. It makes the connection between measurements of reaction time or of ability to see a written word in a brief flash, and our political and personal beliefs. Donald E. Broadbent is well recognised as a major influence on cognitive psychology today. This reissue is an opportunity to see his exceptional writing in print again and should be read with equal interest by psychologists as well as laymen who would like to know about some of the more practical aspects of psychological enquiry of the time.
Knowing Woman
by Irene De CatillejoIn this classic work, a noted Jungian analyst explores the division of the human psyche into masculine and feminine. Characteristic of feminine consciousness, she writes, is diffuse awareness, which recognizes the unity of all life and promotes acceptance and relationship. The masculine attitude is one of focused consciousness, the capacity to formulate ideas and to change, invent, and create. Concerned with the experience of women in a culture dominated by masculine values, the author discusses topics such as the animus (the masculine "soul image" in a woman's unconscious); women's roles in relation to work, friends, children, and lovers; and issues such as abortion, aging, and self-determination.
Letters of C. G. Jung: Volume I, 1906-1950
by C. G. JungIn May 1956, in his eighty-second year, Jung first discussed with Gerhard Adler the question of the publication of his letters. Over many years, Jung had often used the medium of letters to communicate his ideas to others and to clarify the interpretation of his work, quite apart from answering people who approached him with genuine problems of their own and simply corresponding with friends and colleagues. Many of his letters thus contain new creative ideas and provide a running commentary on his work.From some 1,600 letters written by Jung between the years 1906-1961, the editors have selected over 1,000. Volume 1, published in 1973, contains those letters written between 1906 and 1950.
Main Trends in the Science of Language (Routledge Revivals)
by Roman JakobsonFirst published in Great Britain in 1973, Main Trends in the Science of Language was part of a series of books that resulted from a study carried out by UNESCO in collaboration with national and international research centres in the social sciences, as well as with groups of individual scholars. The book examines the position of linguistics in the years surrounding the publication of the book before considering the subject’s potential, future development. It looks at linguistic vistas, the place of linguistics among the sciences of man and linguistics and natural sciences. This book will be of interest to the educated reader, research workers, and professional associations as well as to national and international institutions that organize, plan and finance scientific research.
Memory and Intelligence (Psychology Revivals)
by Jean Piaget Bärbel InhelderIn the course of their researches for Mental Imagery in the Child (1971), the authors came to appreciate that action may be more conducive to the formation and conservation of images than is mere perception. This raised the problem of memory and its relation to intelligence, which they examine in this title, originally published in English in 1973. Through the analysis primarily of the child’s capacity for remembering additive and multiplicative logical structures, and his remembrance of causal and spatial structures, the authors investigate whether memories pursue their own course, regardless of the intelligence or whether, in specified conditions, mnemonic improvements may be due to progress in intelligence. They examine the relationship between the memory’s figurative aspects (from perceptive recognition to the memory-image) and its operational aspects (the schemata of the intelligence), and stress the fundamental significance of the mnemonic level known as the ‘reconstructive memory’. This was a pioneering work at the time, presenting illuminating conclusions drawn from extensive research, together with a number of constructive ideas which opened up a fresh approach to an important area of educational psychology.
My Secret Garden: Women's Sexual Fantasies
by Nancy FridayThis breakthrough book created a storm of outrage and exhilaration, but many women recognized in it the hidden content of their own sexuality.
My Secret Garden: Women's Sexual Fantasies
by Nancy FridayThe #1 New York Times–bestselling author&’s &“groundbreaking&” work on women&’s sexual fantasies (Publishers Weekly). First published in 1973, My Secret Garden ignited a firestorm of reactions across the nation—from outrage to enthusiastic support. Collected from detailed personal interviews with hundreds of women from diverse backgrounds, this book presents a bracingly honest account of women&’s inner sexual fantasy lives. In its time, this book shattered taboos and opened up a conversation about the landscape of feminine desire in a way that was unprecedented. Today, My Secret Garden remains one of the most iconic works of feminist literature of our time—and is still relevant to millions of women throughout the world. &“The author whose books about gender politics helped redefine American women&’s sexuality.&” —The New York Times
The Only Dance There Is
by Ram DassThis book is based on talks by Ram Dass at the Menninger Foundation in 1970 and at the Spring Grove Hospital in Maryland in 1972. The text grew out of the interaction between Ram Dass and the spiritual seekers in attendance at these talks. The result of this unique exchange is a useful guide for understanding the nature of consciousness--useful both to other spiritual seekers and to formally trained psychologists. It is also a celebration of the Dance of Life--which, in the words of Ram Dass, is the "only dance there is."From the Trade Paperback edition.
People, Not Psychiatry (Routledge Library Editions: Psychiatry #2)
by Michael BarnettOriginally published in 1973, this book is about people and psychiatry. About people who rejected psychiatry as it was generally practised at the time, people who sought for and found alternative ways of caring for and healing one another. The author, who had been active in radical alternatives to psychiatry for some time, offers us a programme based not on drugs, repression and a ‘questionable’ expertise, but on human caring, greater awareness of the body, deeper communication between persons and a willingness to let the emotions flow. It is a challenging alternative which came at a time when the viability of scientific, theoretical and chemical approaches to distress were being questioned at all levels of society. This alternative includes the new direct methods of healing (making whole) such as Encounter, Gestalt, Bioenergetics, Psychofantasy – methods that do not do things to people but allow them to feel their way into change through experiment, flow and choice. The main focus of the book is People, not Psychiatry (PNP), the network set up by the author in 1969. PNP is open to all, and people in it help one another in times of stress and crisis, if they are asked to and when they are needed. One of the main assets of these networks is that they are an alternative and they are there. The book tells the story of PNP’s birth and growth. It is a personal story, a moving story, a story about people. In addition, the book contains some lively theoretical discussion, both simple and clear, in the course of which the author tentatively offers his own theory of neurosis – that many people become victims of the primitive logic patterns laid down in infancy, patterns that become reinforced through fear and habit and have to be dissolved or replaced if we are to enjoy a full, healthy, free-flowing life. The book is directed at doctors, patients, consultants, nurses, psychologists, social workers, therapists, in fact anyone involved in any way in the field of psychiatry. It is also offered to all those whom psychiatry touches, that it to say – everyone.
Psycho-Analytic Insight and Relationships: A Kleinian Approach
by Isca Salzberger-WittenbergMelanie Klein has been one of the most important contributors to our thinking about human development and human personality. In this classic text, Isca Salzberger-Wittenberg demonstates through theoretical exposition and the use of case material the ways in which Melanie Klein's main concepts and theories illuminate the practice of social casework. These theories are often complex and controversial, but this concise and lucid account continues to enable social workers and others in helping professions to judge the relevance of the Kleinian approach for themselves.
The Psychology of Conservatism (Routledge Revivals)
by Glenn WilsonFirst published in 1973, The Psychology of Conservatism explores attitudes, their measurement, their structure and dynamics, and the personality traits apparently underlying attitude patterns. It examines the link between differing attitudes and discusses characteristic patterns and syndromes. The book focuses on the origins and dynamics of a major factor called "liberalism – conservatism" which is found to account for much of the variance in attitudes amongst different people. Contributors review previous studies relating to personality and attitude before engaging in new studies and proposing their own theories to explain the conservative attitude. The book introduces provocative theoretical ideas and provides a valuable examination of an important psychological and social attitude syndrome. This book will be of interest to researchers in personality and social psychology, sociology and political science and education.
The Psychology of the Learning Group (Psychology Revivals)
by John McLeish Wayne Matheson James ParkOriginally published in 1973, this work takes a hard look at the claims made for the small group as a learning medium (lecture, structured discussion, ‘sensitivity’, training groups etc.). Various theories of group dynamics, leadership function and learning process are looked at critically on the basis of actual research findings. It was intended for students of social psychology and anyone teaching or training to teach at Further Education level at the time, and will still be of interest in its historical context today.
Social Psychology in Natural Settings: A Reader in Field Experimentation
by Paul G. SwingleThe study of human behavior in actual social settings is an extraordinarily complex area of research. Social behavior, unlike the controlled conditions of the laboratory, is affected by an enormous number of variables and environments. Researchers, therefore, are faced with the task of designing adequate experiments that have the sophisticated controls necessary to increase the experimenter's confidence that a relationship between a particular stimulus in a social environment and a particular social response actually exists. This distinctive supplementary text for social psychology courses gives students a real feeling for the possibilities of experimentation outside the laboratory. The reprinted and abstracted articles in this book are reports of experimental studies conducted in natural settings, and the orientation is scientific--focusing on consistencies between laboratory and field research, rather than their inconsistencies. The book discusses research on discrimination, status, prosocial behavior, dissonance, attitude change, interpersonal and group influence, compliance performance, change and rumors, honesty, and participation. The chapters were selected on the basis of both content and methodology and demonstrate particularly ingenious applications of experimental methodology to the study of natural settings. Throughout the book, the editor stresses the ethical and moral issues associated with field research, demonstrating that scientific work must be humane as well as rigorous. Social Psychology in Natural Settings is appropriate for course use at introductory as well as more advanced levels. It is instructive and useful as a reference volume for graduate students and researchers as well.
Structural Learning: Theory and Research (Routledge Library Editions: Psychology of Education)
by Joseph M. ScanduraOriginally published in 1973, this book was published in two volumes. In the first volume, the author describes what he sees as the rudiments of three deterministic partial theories of structural learning. The first involves competence, partial theories which deal only with the problem of how to account for the various kinds of behavior of which people are typically capable. Special attention is given to mathematical competence. Nothing is said about learning or performance. The second partial theory is concerned with motivation, learning, and performance under idealized conditions, and is obtained from the first partial theory by imposing further structure on it. This theory says nothing about memory of the limited capacity of human subjects to process information. … The final theory is obtained from the second by making additional assumptions, which bring memory and finite information processing into the picture. The theory is still partial, however, since no attempt is made to deal with certain ultra-short-term behavioral phenomena which appear to depend directly on particular physiological characteristics.
Toward a Radical Therapy: Alternate Services for Personal and Social Change (Routledge Library Editions: Psychiatry #6)
by Ted Clark Dennis T. JaffeIn September 1969, Ted Clark, Dennis Jaffe, and Yvonne Durchfort (now Yvonne Jaffe) started "Number Nine", a crisis telephone line. Initially this was an attempt to discover from young people themselves exactly what the needs of young people were, in order that a program relevant to those needs might be developed. The crisis line program, in itself, proved useful and meaningful to young people as they began calling in increasing numbers. Since many community agencies – through their insistence that young people cooperate with a value system that does not engender trust – alienated themselves from these young people, it became increasingly imperative that the crisis line expand its resources to include counseling, a crash pad, a residential program, and a drop-in center. As an alternative to those agencies who insist on viewing drug use as a problem per se and who do not focus their attentions on family, school, and personal relationships in general, "Number Nine" offered realistic and reachable solutions. Originally published in 1973, Toward a Radical Therapy is a collection of essays concerning numerous issues which the authors encountered during the development of an alternative service – an organization which reflects the values and experiences of young people (the counter-culture), rather than the values of the established social order, as a necessary step toward helping people cope with their problems. The ideas expounded in these working papers are the outcome of experiences and experiments in attempting to effect personal and organizational changes basic to creating an alternative culture. Concurrent with the writing of this book, the authors discovered numerous conflicts occurring at all levels of program and institutional development, as well as within themselves. Personal changes become necessarily interrelated with social change and organizational structuring. Counseling had to be redefined as existing theories and methodologies were limited in their ability to comprehend the constant changes that youth were undergoing at the time.
The Wisdom of Imperfection
by Rob PreeceAs practicing Buddhists, why do we still have so many problems? This book bridges the disparity between spiritual growth and personal experience. Acceptance of imperfection is key to developing love and compassion in us, enriching our lives. Through our gradual unfolding towards innate wholeness, known as individuation, we learn to balance our Buddhist practice with psychological and practical realities. A fascinating look at the internal processes of the Bodhisattva path.
Witches, Midwives, & Nurses
by Deirdre English Barbara EhrenreichAs we watch another agonizing attempt to shift the future of health care in the United States, we are reminded of the longevity of this crisis, and how firmly entrenched we are in a system that doesn't work.Witches, Midwives, and Nurses, first published by The Feminist Press in 1973, is an essential book about the corruption of the medical establishment and its historic roots in witch hunters. In this new edition, Barbara Ehrenreich and Deirdre English have written an entirely new chapter that delves into the current fascination with and controversies about witches, exposing our fears and fantasies. They build on their classic exposé on the demonization of women healers and the political and economic monopolization of medicine. This quick history brings us up-to-date, exploring today's changing attitudes toward childbirth, alternative medicine, and modern-day witches.Barbara Ehrenreich is author of the New York Times bestsellers Nickel and Dimed and Bait and Switch, and, most recently, This Land is Their Land.Deirdre English, the former editor of Mother Jones, is a professor in the Graduate School of Journalism at the University of California, Berkeley.
Action, Styles, And Symbols In Kinetic Family Drawings Kfd
by Robert C. Burns S. Harvard KaufmanFirst published in 1972. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
Actions, Styles, and Symbols in Kinetic Family Drawings (K-F-D): An Interpretative Manual
by Robert C. Burns S. Harvard KaufmanThis classic text focuses on the features of K-F-D that have emerged after more than 12 years of clinical experience with 10,000 drawings. One-hundred and thirty drawings are reproduced, showing common characteristics of K-F-D figures and the varied actions and symbols that reflect relations between family members. Included are a K-F-D Grid and an Analysis Sheet to assist clinicians in interpreting their own patients' K-F-Ds.
The Atmospheric Environment: A Study of Comfort and Performance
by Andris AuliciemsIn this study energy-exchange processes and climatic influences are examined in relation to thermal comfort and work efficiency as exemplified in a schoolroom situation. The investigation tests fundamental hypotheses on meterotropisms and optimal thermal environments and demonstrates how daily variations within atmospheric environments are considerably more important than had been previously suspected. It also describes the experimental use of a variety of microclimatic instruments and thermal indices in conjunction with psychological tests of continuous mental performance. The Atmospheric Environment treats a complex problem from a broad multi-disciplinary standpoint and is of particular interest to climatologists, psychologists, teachers and educational administrators, heating and ventilating engineers, and to all concerned with environmental management.(Department of Geography Research Publications 8).