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The Crisis of Social Democratic Trade Unionism in Western Europe: The Search for Alternatives (Contemporary Employment Relations)
by Martin Upchurch Graham TaylorThere is a developing crisis of social democratic trade unionism in Western Europe; this volume outlines the crisis and examines the emerging alternatives. The authors define 'social democratic trade unionism' and its associated party-union nexus and explain how this traditional model has been threatened by social democracy's accommodation to neo-liberal restructuring and public service reform. Examining the experience of Sweden, Germany, Britain and France, the volume explores the historical rise and fall of social democratic trade unionism in each of these countries and probes the policy and practice of the European Trade Union Confederation. The authors critically examine the possibilities for a revival of social democratic unionism in terms of strategic policy and identity, offering suggestions for an alternative, radicalized political unionism. The research value of the book is highlighted by its focus on contemporary developments and its authors' intimate knowledge of the chosen countries.
The Crisis of the Middle-Class Constitution: Why Economic Inequality Threatens Our Republic
by Ganesh SitaramanIn this original, provocative contribution to the debate over economic inequality, Ganesh Sitaraman argues that a strong and sizable middle class is a prerequisite for America’s constitutional system. For most of Western history, Sitaraman argues, constitutional thinkers assumed economic inequality was inevitable and inescapable—and they designed governments to prevent class divisions from spilling over into class warfare. The American Constitution is different. Compared to Europe and the ancient world, America was a society of almost unprecedented economic equality, and the founding generation saw this equality as essential for the preservation of America’s republic. Over the next two centuries, generations of Americans fought to sustain the economic preconditions for our constitutional system. But today, with economic and political inequality on the rise, Sitaraman says Americans face a choice: Will we accept rising economic inequality and risk oligarchy or will we rebuild the middle class and reclaim our republic? The Crisis of the Middle-Class Constitution is a tour de force of history, philosophy, law, and politics. It makes a compelling case that inequality is more than just a moral or economic problem; it threatens the very core of our constitutional system.
Crisis Policymaking in the EU: The COVID-19 Crisis and the Refugee Crisis 2015-16 Compared (Elements in European Politics)
by Hanspeter KriesiThis Element compares crisis-specific policymaking, its causes and consequences, at the two levels of the EU polity during the COVID-19 and the refugee crisis 2015–16. In both crises, EU policymaking responded to exogenous pressure and was dominated by executive decision-making. Still, it also differed in three critical aspects: it was much more salient, consensual, and effective during the COVID-19 than the refugee crisis. The present study accounts for both similarities and differences, which it attempts to explain by features of the nature of the crises. The key argument of the study is that the policymaking process during crises is, to a large extent, determined by the crisis situation – the crisis-specific functional problem pressure, the institutional context (of the EU polity), and the corresponding political pressure at the origin of a given crisis. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
The Crisis-Prone Society: A Brief Guide to Managing the Beliefs That Drive Risk in Business
by Ian I. Mitroff Can M. AlpaslanThe Crisis-Prone Society offers preventative measures that can be taken by business professionals and scholars alike to alleviate the growing potential for crises today. These measures are distilled by close analysis of our recent social history of disasters.
Crisis-Ready Teams: Data-Driven Lessons from Aviation, Nuclear Power, Emergency Medicine, and Mine Rescue (High Reliability and Crisis Management)
by Mary Waller Seth KaplanPrepare any team for peak performance when crisis comes. Crisis-Ready Teams explains how any team, and any team leader, in any industry or sector, can prepare in advance to manage crises that suddenly pull people together to address high-magnitude events that could seriously harm their organizations. The book is based on extensive, unprecedented research on crisis team dynamics, key success behaviors, and why some teams perform so much better than others. Leading scholars Mary J. Waller and Seth A. Kaplan recorded and statistically analyzed audio and video recordings of hundreds of hours of crisis simulations involving flight crews, nuclear power plant control rooms, mine rescues, emergency room doctors and nurses, etc. Based on this empirical research, and other academic literature on how teams perform in crises, the authors show how crisis teams and leaders can cement crucial behaviors through attention to team composition and communication, especially in the first few minutes of a crisis. The book provides a valuable framework and research data for scholars studying crises and teams in organizations. It is also appropriate for MBA or executive education instruction on crisis management and leadership.
Crisis Recognition: Where There's Smoke, There's Fire
by Richard LueckeSometimes a crisis ignites slowly, without announcing itself. This chapter addresses the problem of crisis recognition, highlighting some of the important warning signals. The organizational mechanisms outlined in this chapter will help you identify warning signs and better equip you to offer a solution.
Crisis, Reform and the Way Forward in Greece: A Turbulent Decade (Europa Perspectives on the EU Single Market)
by Calliope SpanouThis volume discusses different aspects of Greece’s political economy during the past decade and reflects on the country’s path ahead, examining the major question: did this challenging period succeed in providing a window of opportunity for deeper institutional and societal change? The authors seek to contribute to the discussion of the dynamics of stability and change, of the nexus between external pressure and domestic agency. Greece offers a most interesting case study, as much in analytical as in empirical terms. Never before did a euro area member require three macroeconomic adjustment programmes under stringent policy conditionality and external supervision. This experience shattered past certainties and reshaped the political landscape. A decade later Greece was starting to recover and received international recognition for its reform efforts. However, the COVID-19 pandemic provided an external shock that risks derailing such achievements. The volume includes chapters by academics and researchers from different professional backgrounds: history, economics, public law, political science, public administration and political economy. Their diverse experience and viewpoints contribute to multidimensional analyses in subject areas such as Greece’s constitutional structure, public sector reforms, labour market developments, China’s expanding investment footprint and product market reforms.
Crisis-Related Decision-Making and the Influence of Culture on the Behavior of Decision Makers: Cross-Cultural Behavior in Crisis Preparedness and Response
by Ásthildur Elva BernhardsdóttirThis book provides an analysis on the impact of culture on crisis management, exploring how different cultural types are reflected in crisis-related decision making patterns. Providing an interdisciplinary and international perspective with a rich research and practical outlook, this work is an important contribution to the field of crisis management and decision making. Offering essential understanding to how countries, organizations, groups and individuals prepare for and respond to crises thus combining research across several disciplines, offering theoretical development, empirical testing and reporting on the testing of a large number of hypotheses across several frameworks. The novelty of this book lies in its presentation of the quantitative testing of the relationship between cultural theory and crisis management, drawing on data from cases that cross continents and crises types. The book also includes a review of cases from South Korea and suggests a number of ways in which practitioners at various levels of government can prepare their organizations to cope better with the introduction of cultural bias into the decision making process. Those with an interest in risk management, disaster management and crisis management will value this pioneering work as it reveals the influence of cultural bias in decision making processes. This work offers important insights for practice as well as for theory-building, scholars and practitioners of public administration, management, political, and international relations, organizational, social and cultural psychology, amongst others, will all gain from reading this work.
Crisis, Resilience and Survival
by Holweg, Matthias and Oliver, Nick Matthias Holweg Nick OliverCrisis, Resilience and Survival charts the evolution of the global automotive industry, revealing the pressures and challenges facing firms in this huge but turbulent realm of business. Long-term overcapacity and swings of the economic cycle mean that many car companies are in financially perilous positions. Yet failures of auto companies are rare, and many have bounced back from the brink. Using the concept of the 'survival envelope', Holweg and Oliver argue that the ability to design, develop, manufacture and distribute vehicles competitively is not the only factor in ensuring success. Using detailed analyses of two failures (Rover and Saab) and two near-misses (Chrysler and Nissan) they explore how scale, market reach and supportive stakeholder relations can make the difference between success and failure in this global industry. This book will appeal to anyone working in, or studying the auto industry, as well as those interested in corporate success and failure.
Crisis Resolution: The Road to Recovery
by Richard LueckeA crisis has implications for the future of a business. A proper plan for crisis resolution will ultimately determine whether these implications are severe and permanent. The difficulty in resolving any crisis is how quickly and well the crisis was contained in the first place. This chapter also offers a set of leadership qualities that are required during times of crisis and resolution.
Crisis Response Advertising: Insights and Implications from COVID-19
by Frauke HachtmannThis book examines the effects of COVID-19 on the advertising industry to better understand crisis response advertising. The book tells the story of three distinct phases in which the pandemic unfolded, the way a wide range of brands and agencies responded, and how the consumer landscape changed during the first 15 months of the crisis. Advertising professionals from a broad range of award-winning advertising agencies across the United States who experienced the crisis first-hand reflect on how COVID-19 disrupted the industry and what they learned along the way. Each case contains themes that emerged through data analysis, along with examples of advertising practice at various stages of the pandemic. Importantly, the new theoretical model and best practices covered in the book extend beyond application to the global pandemic, giving readers solid theoretical and practical tools to use in future crises. Suited for upper-level undergraduate and post-graduate courses in advertising and marketing, this book will be useful as a reference for researchers and is practical enough for practitioner use as well.
Crisis Response Advertising: Insights and Implications from COVID-19
by Frauke HachtmannThis book examines the effects of COVID-19 on the advertising industry to better understand crisis response advertising.The book tells the story of three distinct phases in which the pandemic unfolded, the way a wide range of brands and agencies responded, and how the consumer landscape changed during the first 15 months of the crisis. Advertising professionals from a broad range of award-winning advertising agencies across the United States who experienced the crisis first-hand reflect on how COVID-19 disrupted the industry and what they learned along the way. Each case contains themes that emerged through data analysis, along with examples of advertising practice at various stages of the pandemic. Importantly, the new theoretical model and best practices covered in the book extend beyond application to the global pandemic, giving readers solid theoretical and practical tools to use in future crises.Suited for upper-level undergraduate and post-graduate courses in advertising and marketing, this book will be useful as a reference for researchers and is practical enough for practitioner use as well.
Crisis Response in Higher Education: How the Pandemic Challenged University Operations and Organisation
by Mats Benner Jonathan Grant Mary O’KaneThis open access book explores the impact of Covid-19 on universities, and how students, staff, faculty and academic leaders have adapted to and dealt with the impact of the pandemic. Drawing on experiences from Britain, Australia and Sweden, it showcases how Covid has challenged routines and procedures in universities, and thrown them into a disarray of ever-changing events and short-term adaptations. The authors pay particular attention to how students, staff, faculty, and leaders have coped with Covid, through a series of autobiographical portraits of their strains but also heroic efforts in the harshest of circumstances. This important book explores the exceptional ramifications of the pandemic but also how universities may contribute to a fairer and more robust society and concludes with a set of prescriptions for universities that aim to be proactive and resilient forces in society. It will be of interest to scholars interested in higher education, governance and organizational studies.This is an open access book.
Crisis, Risk and Stability in Financial Markets (Palgrave Macmillan Studies in Banking and Financial Institutions)
by Juan Fernández de Guevara Radoselovics José Manuel Pastor MonsálvezThis book presents an in-depth appreciation of key topics related to the behaviour of financial institutions in the crisis and stresses areas of major research interest. It covers a selection of papers specialising ranging from the analysis of bank and stock market performance in the crisis, to other areas such as microinsurance and social lending.
Crisis Spaces: Structures, Struggles and Solidarity in Southern Europe (Routledge Studies in Human Geography)
by Costis HadjimichalisThe financial malaise that has affected the Eurozone countries of southern Europe – Spain, Portugal, Italy and, in its most extreme case, Greece – has been analysed using mainly macroeconomic and financial explanations. This book shifts the emphasis from macroeconomics to the relationship between uneven geographical development, financialization and politics. It deconstructs the myth that debt, both public and private, in Southern Europe is the sole outcome of the spendthrift ways of Greece, Spain, Italy and Portugal, offering a fresh perspective on the material, social and ideological parameters of the economic crisis and the spaces where it unfolded. Featuring a range of case examples that complement and expand the main discussion, Crisis Spaces will appeal to students and scholars of human geography, economics, regional development, political science, cultural studies and social movements studies.
Crisis Tales: Five Rules for Coping with Crises in Business, Politics, and Life
by Lanny J. DavisTELL IT ALL, TELL IT EARLY, TELL IT YOURSELF Nobody ever calls Lanny Davis to give him good news. As a legal crisis manager, he's the man public figures such as Bill Clinton, Martha Stewart, U.S. representative Charlie Rangel, and companies such as Whole Foods, among many others, rely on to pull them through public scandal with their reputations intact. Winning your case in a courtroom instead of the media is no longer a viable option. These days, every scandal is tried in the court of public opinion. Refusing to dignify allegations with an answer is grounds for flagellation by the press. Political insider Davis has spent years helping politicians, sports figures, business executives, and corporations through the biggest reputation crises of our times, and each case has aided him in the creation of five invaluable rules that absolutely anyone can use to protect himself from damaging hearsay-- online and off. In this fascinating and practical resource, Davis tells the real stories behind his famous clients' very public scandals as he explains what he and his team did right, what they did wrong, and how they learned from their mistakes and successes. As impossible as it is to believe, many public relations experts still rely on the faulty Nixon model--deny, deny, deny. This tactic was detrimental not only to Nixon's presidency but, for example, to Exxon and BP (not Davis's clients) following major oil spills. Instead, Davis believes, it is important to tell the full story yourself, even if it means sharing unflattering details before they leak on their own. By getting ahead of the story, you have more control over how the information is reported and perceived in the media. Damaging falsehoods can go viral in an instant, but the nation's premier political spin doctor will teach you how to fight back.
Crisis Tales
by Lanny J. DavisTELL IT ALL, TELL IT EARLY, TELL IT YOURSELF Nobody ever calls Lanny Davis to give him good news. As a legal crisis manager, he's the man public figures such as Bill Clinton, Martha Stewart, U.S. representative Charlie Rangel, and companies such as Whole Foods, among many others, rely on to pull them through public scandal with their reputations intact. Winning your case in a courtroom instead of the media is no longer a viable option. These days, every scandal is tried in the court of public opinion. Refusing to dignify allegations with an answer is grounds for flagellation by the press. Political insider Davis has spent years helping politicians, sports figures, business executives, and corporations through the biggest reputation crises of our times, and each case has aided him in the creation of five invaluable rules that absolutely anyone can use to protect himself from damaging hearsay-- online and off. In this fascinating and practical resource, Davis tells the real stories behind his famous clients' very public scandals as he explains what he and his team did right, what they did wrong, and how they learned from their mistakes and successes. As impossible as it is to believe, many public relations experts still rely on the faulty Nixon model--deny, deny, deny. This tactic was detrimental not only to Nixon's presidency but, for example, to Exxon and BP (not Davis's clients) following major oil spills. Instead, Davis believes, it is important to tell the full story yourself, even if it means sharing unflattering details before they leak on their own. By getting ahead of the story, you have more control over how the information is reported and perceived in the media. Damaging falsehoods can go viral in an instant, but the nation's premier political spin doctor will teach you how to fight back.
A Crisis Wasted: Barack Obama's Defining Decisions
by Reed Hundt&“The blow by blow story of a president and his team wasting the &‘opportunity&’ of the Great Recession to change the fundamentals of the economy.&” —Steven Brill, New York Times–bestselling author This book is the compelling story of President Obama&’s domestic policy decisions made between September 2008 and his inauguration on January 20, 2009. Barack Obama determined the fate of his presidency before he took office. His momentous decisions led to Donald Trump, for Obama the worst person imaginable, taking his place eight years later. This book describes these decisions and discusses how the results could have been different. Based on dozens of interviews with actors in the Obama transition, as well as the author&’s personal observations, this book provides unique commentary of those defining decisions of winter 2008–2009. A decade later, the ramifications of the Great Recession and the role of government in addressing the crisis animate the ideological battle between progressivism and neoliberalism in the Democratic Party and the radical direction of the Republican Party. As many seek the presidency in the November 2020 election, all candidates and of course the eventual winner will face decisions that may be as critical and difficult as those confronted by Barack Obama. This book aims to provide the guidance of history. &“A powerfully lucid, compelling and surprising achievement . . . makes a subtle but irresistible argument that, given the conservative undertow of American politics, liberals and progressives who are serious about change can&’t just wing it but must prepare detailed economic policy analyses and prescriptions long in advance of taking power.&” —Congressman Jamie Raskin, Representative from Maryland&’s 8th District
Crisis Wasted? Leading Risk Managers on Risk Culture
by Matthew Levins Frances CowellEffective risk management in today's ever-changing world Crisis Wasted? Leading Risk Managers on Risk Culture sheds light on today's risk management landscape through a unique collection of interviews from risk leaders in both the banking and investment industries. These interviews zero in on the risk culture of organisations, effective risk management in practice, and the sometimes paradoxical effects of new regulations and how they affect decision-making in financial organisations They offer genuine insight into regulatory processes and priorities and their implications for the stability of the global financial system. As trending topics in the risk management field, each of these subject areas is relevant to the work of today's risk management professionals. In addition to the forward-focused text, this reference provides access to a wealth of premium online content. Risk management has become an area of focus for companies since the financial crises that shook the international community over the past decade, but, despite high levels of introspection and changes to key processes, many financial houses are still experiencing large losses. Understanding today's risk environment can help you improve risk management tactics. Access essential information both in print and online Discover the most important topics in today's risk management field Explore interviews with 1 risk management leaders Learn about ground-breaking recent innovations in risk management thinking Crisis Wasted? Leading Risk Managers on Risk Culture is an integral resource for professionals responsible for minimising organisational risk, as well as those who want to better understand the risk culture of today's world.
The CRISPR-Cas9 Quarrel
by Richard G. Hamermesh Matthew PrebleIn mid-2016, the Broad Institute and the University of California, Berkeley were in the middle of a contentious patent dispute over which entity controlled a breakthrough gene editing technology called CRISPR-Cas9. With CRISPR-Cas9, scientists might soon be able to cure previously incurable genetic diseases such as sickle cell anemia and cystic fibrosis, among many others. The dispute had escalated to the point where the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) declared a patent interference and began a process to determine the intellectual property's (IP) rightful owner. The USPTO's decision would not only have serious commercial implications-the technology would be immensely important to biotechnology firms looking to develop gene therapy products, and was therefore sure to generate strong revenues for whichever entity owned the IP-but would also essentially award scientific credit for this technology and thus impact the reputations of the scientists on both sides who had worked so hard to discover the tool. This case touches upon a number of other key issues too: the ethical implications of gene editing; the state of IP and licensing in the biotechnology industry; the impact of lawsuits on developing new technologies and companies; and who should own platform technologies built, at least in part, by the research of multiple parties and government funding.
Criterion-referenced Test Development
by Sharon A. Shrock William C. CoscarelliCriterion-Referenced Test Development is designed specifically for training professionals who need to better understand how to develop criterion-referenced tests (CRTs). This important resource offers step-by-step guidance for how to make and defend Level 2 testing decisions, how to write test questions and performance scales that match jobs, and how to show that those certified as ?masters? are truly masters. A comprehensive guide to the development and use of CRTs, the book provides information about a variety of topics, including different methods of test interpretations, test construction, item formats, test scoring, reliability and validation methods, test administration, a score reporting, as well as the legal and liability issues surrounding testing. New revisions include: Illustrative real-world examples. Issues of test security. Advice on the use of test creation software. Expanded sections on performance testing. Single administration techniques for calculating reliability. Updated legal and compliance guidelines.Order the third edition of this classic and comprehensive reference guide to the theory and practice of organizational tests today.
Critical: What We Can Do About the Health-Care Crisis
by Tom Daschle Scott S. Greenberger Jeanne M. LambrewA much-needed and hard-hitting plan, from one of the great Democratic minds of our time, to reform America's broken health-care system. Undoubtedly, the biggest domestic policy issue in the coming years will be America's health-care system. Millions of Americans go without medical care because they can't afford it, and many others are mired in debt because they can't pay their medical bills. It's hard to think of another public policy problem that has lingered unaddressed for so long. Why have we failed to solve a problem that is such a high priority for so many citizens? Former Senate Majority Leader Tom Daschle believes the problem is rooted in the complexity of the health-care issue and the power of the interest groups—doctors, hospitals, insurers, drug companies, researchers, patient advocates—that have a direct stake in it. Rather than simply pointing out the major flaws and placing blame, Daschle offers key solutions and creates a blueprint for solving the crisis. Daschle's solution lies in the Federal Reserve Board, which has overseen the equally complicated financial system with great success. A Fed-like health board would offer a public framework within which a private health-care system can operate more effectively and efficiently—insulated from political pressure yet accountable to elected officials and the American people. Daschle argues that this independent board would create a single standard of care and exert tremendous influence on every other provider and payer, even those in the private sector. After decades of failed incremental measures, the American health-care system remains fundamentally broken and requires a comprehensive fix. With his bold and forward-looking plan, Daschle points us to the solution.
A Critical Analysis of Basic Income Experiments for Researchers, Policymakers, and Citizens: The Devil's In The Caveats (Exploring the Basic Income Guarantee)
by Karl WiderquistAt least six different Universal Basic Income (UBI) experiments are underway or planned right now in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Finland, and Kenya. Several more countries are considering conducting experiments. Yet, there seems to be more interest simply in having UBI experiments than in exactly what we want to learn from them. Although experiments can produce a lot of relevant data about UBI, they are crucially limited in their ability to enlighten our understanding of the big questions that bear on the discussion of whether to implement UBI as a national or regional policy. And, past experience shows that results of UBI experiments are particularly vulnerable misunderstanding, sensationalism, and spin. This book examines the difficulties of conducting a UBI experiment and reporting the results in ways that successfully improve public understanding of the probable effects of a national UBI. The book makes recommendations how researchers, reporters, citizens, and policymakers can avoid these problems and get the most out of UBI experiments.