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Accounting for Social Value
by Laurie MookWhen organizations use social accounting practices, they are able to measure their performance in terms of benefits accrued to key stakeholders such as their communities, human resources, and those investing in the organization. This innovative change in accounting can lead to a fundamentally different perspective on the value of an organization. Through case studies of organizations that have implemented social accounting in the United States, Canada, India, and Scotland, Accounting for Social Value provides a unique perspective for understanding key issues in this growing field.Building on two related titles, Researching the Social Economy (2010) and Businesses with a Difference (2012), Accounting for Social Value offers academics, accountants, policy-developers, and members of non-profit, co-operative, and for-profit organizations tools and insights to explore the connections between economic, social, and environmental dimensions. The lessons learned are valuable not only for other social economy organizations, but also for organizations in the public and for-profit sectors.
Accounting for Social and Environmental Sustainability: A Multi-Capital Approach (Routledge Studies in Accounting)
by Delphine GibassierFor a company, managing its social and environmental performance is no longer just a matter of reducing its impact; it must also be able to assess its contribution to resolving or aggravating social and environmental problems. This book argues that the current work on accounting for sustainability has not yet given organisations a tool to integrate their performance within the planetary and social framework that conveys actual "planetary and social budgets", and that business organisations lack the possibility to go beyond incremental performance measurement.It offers an in‑depth examination of multi‑capital accounting, which has already been integrated within the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and will follow on from sustainability reporting. The LIFTS model (Limits and Foundations Towards Sustainability Accounting Model) used in this book combines various scientific and practical contributions to develop budgets for environmental impacts and social obligations on an organisational scale. It proposes an accounting mechanism that enables an organization to manage each of its budgets and measure variances between forecast and actual. It provides an introduction to the principles of this model and its conditions of application and describes its implementation in numerous companies.While the main audience for the book is academics, advanced students and researchers in accounting for sustainability, business and management and economics, it will also appeal to practitioners, policymakers, national standard setters, think tanks and non-governmental organizations (NGOs).
Accounting for Steam and Cotton: Two Eighteenth Century Case Studies
by Robert B. WilliamsFirst published in 1988, this book arose from the author’s fascination with the period of the late eighteenth century and the two industries of cotton and steam that seem to characterise the period, the provision of power through the manufacture of steam engines and the rise to prominence of the cotton industry. Includes photographs and an exploration of people in these industries during the Industrial Revolution.
Accounting for Sustainability
by Gunnar RimmelThis book provides a broad overview of how sustainability reporting has grown, how it is used now and where it is heading. Daily, we read and hear in various media about concepts such as corporate social responsibility (CSR), sustainability reporting, sustainability accounting, environmental reports, corporate citizenship or environmental management systems. Accounting for Sustainability decodes this terminology by providing an accessible introduction to the topic that explores sustainability reporting from an internal and external perspective. It begins with an overview of how sustainability reporting has emerged and why it is important, before moving on to cover definitions of key terms and specific theories and frameworks. Subsequent chapters explore the role of financial management, sustainability standards, accounting communication and capital markets. With learning outcomes and study questions embedded in each chapter, this book will be of great interest to students of sustainability reporting and accounting, as well as practitioners taking related professional accreditations.
Accounting for Sustainability: Asia Pacific Perspectives (Eco-Efficiency in Industry and Science #33)
by Ki-Hoon Lee Stefan SchalteggerThis book advances the understanding of corporate sustainability and challenges and roles of sustainability accounting in the Asia-Pacific region. The Asia-Pacific region has shown fast economic growth for several decades which is expected to continue. In this context, Asia has become the "production engine" of the global economy. At the same time scientific reports reveal that some planetary boundaries are crossed, for example relating to biodiversity and climate change. Companies in the Asia-Pacific region are therefore increasingly challenged to reduce their environmental impacts, to document their social contribution and to contribute to sustainable development. Key approaches to identify sustainability problems and challenges, to support improvement processes and to back up sustainability contributions include accounting and reporting. In contrast to the high relevance of accounting and reporting for corporate sustainability for the Asia-Pacific region, academic research has so far been dominated by Western researchers and pre-dominantly dealt with Western and Japanese cases and approaches. It is thus time to take account of Asian perspectives on accounting and reporting for sustainability in the Asia-Pacific region.
Accounting for Sustainability: Practical Insights
by Jeffrey Unerman Anthony Hopwood Jessica FriesIf businesses and other organizations are to meet the many and complex challenges of sustainable development, then they all, both public and private, need to embed sustainability considerations into their decision-making and reporting. However, the translation of this aspiration into effective action is often inhibited by the lack of systems and procedures that take sustainability into account. Accounting for Sustainability: Practical Insights will help organizations to address these issues. The book sets out a number of tools and approaches that have been developed and applied by leading organizations to: - embed sustainability into decision-making, extending beyond an organization's boundaries to take into account suppliers, customers and other stakeholders; - measure and link sustainability and financial performance; - integrate sustainability into 'mainstream' reporting, both to management and external stakeholders. In-depth cases studies from Aviva, BT, the Environment Agency, EDF Energy, HSBC, Novo Nordisk, Sainsbury's and West Sussex County Council show in detail how accounting for sustainability works in practice in a wide range of organizational contexts. Published with The Prince's Charities: Accounting for Sustainability
Accounting for Sustainable Business: Integrating CSR and ESG Principles (Routledge-Giappichelli Studies in Business and Management)
by Alessandro MigliavaccaThe role of firms, corporations, and businesses in shaping social outcomes has long been a key area of focus for economics and business scholars. With growing attention on addressing climate change, reducing social inequalities, and upholding human rights, there is an increasing interest in how corporate activities impact society. This book examines these pressing issues through the lens of fundamental theories of the firm, particularly drawing on the Italian tradition of Economia Aziendale, which views the firm as a vehicle for meeting human needs and generating social value.The book begins by introducing the anthropocentric theory of the firm and explores the connection between accounting practices and sustainable management. It offers a thorough review of the literature on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) practices, highlighting key aspects of the extensive body of work in this field. The analysis is grounded in the context of evolving regulations, especially within the EU, that underscore the importance of considering both financial and sustainability factors. Rational management theory is expanded to include sustainability accounting, showcasing its pivotal role in corporate decision-making. The book provides detailed guidance on the integrated knowledge acquisition process, showing how companies can systematically identify and assess their social and environmental impacts. This process is further illustrated through a hypothetical reality-based case study, demonstrating its application in a practical context. The book concludes with an exploration of current trends and future directions in sustainability accounting.It serves as a valuable resource for academics, practitioners, and anyone interested in the intersection of corporate governance, accounting, and sustainability.
Accounting for Value
by Stephen PenmanDespite their skills and extensive training, many analysts fail to recognize the basics of good accounting and its deployment in valuation. By focusing on abstract concepts such as measurement basis, exit values, and entity concepts, they miss out on the benfits of a practical approach to valuation. While modern finance has advanced important concepts, including diversification and risk measurement, effective and efficient accounting merges these tools with fundamental analysis to divine a true account of value.Launching an innovative examination of equity valuation as a matter of accounting, Stephen Penman embraces the commonsense ideas of fundamentalists& mdash;good firms can be bad guys, the risk in investing is the risk of paying too much, ignore information at your own peril, beware of paying too much for growth& mdash;and combines them with the principles of modern finance to reestablish the parameters of good analysis. The result anchors the investor, guards against behavioral biases, and challenges speculation. Penman compares fair-value accounting and historical-cost accounting; describes the anchoring of cash flows, book value, and earnings; and details the failure of modern finance to correctly assess value. He concludes with fundamental strategies for accounting for value and a bold proposal for assessing the cost of capital. Altogether, Penman's text is an essential tool for interpreting the greatest financial challenges of our time: the stock market bubble of the 1990s, the credit crisis of 2008, and accounting in the wake of ongoing market instability.
Accounting for Value (Columbia Business School Publishing Ser.)
by Stephen PenmanAccounting for Value teaches investors and analysts how to handle accounting in evaluating equity investments. The book's novel approach shows that valuation and accounting are much the same: valuation is actually a matter of accounting for value. Laying aside many of the tools of modern finance-the cost-of-capital, the CAPM, and discounted cash flow analysis-Stephen Penman returns to the common-sense principles that have long guided fundamental investing: price is what you pay but value is what you get; the risk in investing is the risk of paying too much; anchor on what you know rather than speculation; and beware of paying too much for speculative growth. Penman puts these ideas in touch with the quantification supplied by accounting, producing practical tools for the intelligent investor.Accounting for value provides protection from paying too much for a stock and clues the investor in to the likely return from buying growth. Strikingly, the analysis finesses the need to calculate a "cost-of-capital," which often frustrates the application of modern valuation techniques. Accounting for value recasts "value" versus "growth" investing and explains such curiosities as why earnings-to-price and book-to-price ratios predict stock returns. By the end of the book, Penman has the intelligent investor thinking like an intelligent accountant, better equipped to handle the bubbles and crashes of our time. For accounting regulators, Penman also prescribes a formula for intelligent accounting reform, engaging with such controversial issues as fair value accounting.
Accounting for the Environment: Second Edition
by Jan Bebbington Robert H. Gray`This book is a good comprehensive text and comes highly recommended to anyone currently involved in, looking to get involved in, or just interested in environmental management, environmental accounting and reporting' - Pacific Accounting Review This is the long-awaited 2nd edition of the benchmark publication that helped shape the developing agenda of environmental accounting. This excellent new edition provides an overview of the subject ranging from environmental management to sustainability, and integrates the major advancements that have occurred since the first edition - in both research and practice. It introduces and explains environmental issues as they relate to accountants today. This new work also places an increased emphasis on the emerging research literature in the field and reveals a consciousness of the difficulties of developing an environmental agenda in business. It makes an excellent stand-alone text for lower level students, a firm base from which the advanced student or researcher can explore research and more complex issues, and a useful guide for practitioners seeking to understand and implement environmental practice.
Accounting for the Holocaust: Enabling the Final Solution (Routledge New Works in Accounting History)
by Michele Bigoni Warwick Funnell Erin TwyfordAccounting for the Holocaust: Enabling the Final Solution reveals how accounting practices allowed the attempted annihilation of Jews by the German Nazis and the Italian Fascists to be carried out with machine-like efficiency and devoid of any moral considerations.This largely hidden aspect of the Holocaust will allow a wide range of readers, both academic and across many sectors of the general population, to understand how the systematic murder of more than six million Jews was expedited by accounting practices and the information that these produced by allowing the humanity of those killed to be denied when they became mere numbers in a process. Readers will gain a new understanding of how the enactment of the scale of the Holocaust was made possible by the way in which accounting practices as “technologies of death” were used to reduce Jews to a life without value. The numerical calculations, techniques, and reports that constitute accounting practices allowed the systematic murder of Jews to be drained of any considerations that would imply that the numbers and costings were related to prescient human beings. These technologies of death also allowed those who managed and organised the murder of Jews to absolve themselves of the actual killings.
Accounting for the Intel Pentium Chip Flaw
by V. G. Narayanan Lisa Brem Gregory S. MillerInvestigates the 1994 Intel Pentium plan.
Accounting for the Numberphobic: A Survival Guide for Small Business Owners
by Dawn FotopulosAs a small business owner, having knowledge of crucial numbers is the most important tool you can equip yourself with to survive today&’s competitive marketplace. If you&’re not a numbers person, Accounting for the Numberphobic is to the rescue!Why do so many business owners dread looking at the numbers? Financial statements, ledgers, profit and loss reports--many avoid these and treat them like junk mail and phone solicitors. Nevertheless, it&’s true--you&’re not a numbers person. How can you learn to make sense out of all this Greek?This easy-to-follow guide demystifies your company's financial dashboard: the Net Income Statement, Cash Flow Statement, and Balance Sheet. The book explains in plain English how each measurement reflects the overall health of your business--and impacts your decisions.In Accounting for the Numberphobic, you will discover:How your Net Income Statement is the key to growing your profits;How to identify the break-even point that means your business is self-sustaining;Real-world advice on measuring and increasing cash flow;What the Balance Sheet reveals about your company's worth;And much more!Don&’t leave your company&’s finances entirely in the hands of a third-party accounting service or an employee who is only loyal to the highest paycheck. Knowing the numbers yourself isn&’t just about seeing how your company is doing, it&’s about knowing where it is going--and guiding it toward the highest profits possible.
Accounting for the Public Interest: Perspectives on Accountability, Professionalism and Role in Society (Advances in Business Ethics Research #4)
by Steven MintzThis volume explores the opportunities and challenges facing the accounting profession in an increasingly globalized business and financial reporting environment. It looks back at past experiences of the profession in attempting to meet its public interest obligation. It examines the role and responsibilities of accounting to society including regulatory requirements, increased emphasis on corporate social responsibility, accounting fraud and whistle-blowing implications, internationalization of public interest obligations, and providing the education needed to be successful. The book incorporates an ethical dimension in making these assessments. Its focus is a conceptual, theoretical one drawing on classical philosophy, the sociology of professions, economic theory, and the public interest dimension of accountants as professionals. The authors of papers are long-time contributors to the annual symposium on Research in Accounting Ethics sponsored by the Public Interest Section of the AAA.
Accounting for the iPhone Upgrade Program (A)
by Krishna G. Palepu Monica Baraldi Jonas Heese H. David ShermanOn September 9, 2015, Apple Inc. announced the "iPhone Upgrade Program," a new way to purchase iPhone models 6s and 6s Plus in Apple's retail stores throughout the U.S. Next to the strategic implications of the Upgrade Program, financial analysts tried to understand the accounting implications, especially the recognition of revenue, which the Upgrade Program could have on Apple's financials. Analysts' reactions to the disclosure were mixed. Was Apple's accounting system "right" for the iPhone Upgrade Program introduced in 2015?
Accounting for the iPhone Upgrade Program (B)
by Krishna G. Palepu Monica Baraldi Jonas Heese H. David ShermanIn October 2016, Apple Inc. announced the financial results for its fiscal year 2016. CEO Tim Cook commented on a very successful fiscal year 2016 and focused on all the positive financial results. However, Apple's 2016 annual report was also telling another story. Apple's total revenue had decreased 9% and iPhone revenue decreased 13% compared to the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2015. Apple also faced some criticism from consumers regarding the iPhone 6 and IPhone 6 Plus Upgrade Program. A September 2016 survey reported that an increasing number of customers decided to subscribe to the iPhone Upgrade Program. In spite of this, the company was very supply constrained on the iPhone 7 and 7 Plus and financial analysts were still eager to receive more information on the impact of the iPhone Upgrade Program on Apple's financials.
Accounting for the iPhone at Apple Inc.
by Krishna G. Palepu Francois Brochet Lauren BarleyApple initially recognized revenue associated with its iPhone product using subscription accounting. However, in 2008, the company started providing non-GAAP supplemental numbers where substantially all of the revenue was recognized upfront. Market participants' reactions to the disclosure were mixed. Was Apple "right" in arguing that subscription accounting was inadequate for the iPhone?
Accounting for the iPhone at Apple Inc.
by Krishna G. Palepu Francois Brochet Lauren BarleyApple initially recognized revenue associated with its iPhone product using subscription accounting. However, in 2008, the company started providing non-GAAP supplemental numbers where substantially all of the revenue was recognized upfront. Market participants' reactions to the disclosure were mixed. Was Apple "right" in arguing that subscription accounting was inadequate for the iPhone?
Accounting in Australia: Historical Essays (Routledge Library Editions: Accounting)
by Robert H. ParkerThe history of accounting in Australia is of interest because it provides an opportunity to examine how accounting techniques, institutions and concepts have been imported and adapted to an environment similar to, but not exactly the same as that of the exporters. The book emphasizes private sector accounting over public sector accounting which is a reflection of the available literature but not of the real world of Australian accounting and is divided into 7 sections: Early Accounting Records The Financial Year Corporate Financial Reporting Audit Professional Accountancy Accounting Literature Biographies and Bibliographies
Accounting in Eighteenth Century Scotland (Routledge Library Editions: Accounting History #3)
by Michael J. MephamThis book, first published in 1988, is a study of the development of accounting in eighteenth century Scotland. The investigation is organised around a survey of early Scottish accounting texts, an analysis of their exposition of the Italian method of book-keeping and their treatment of certain selected topics. The aim is to evaluate the contribution that these Scottish accountants made to the development of a profession.
Accounting in France: Historical Essays/Etudes Historiques (Routledge Library Editions: Accounting)
by R. H. Parker Yannick LemarchandThis volume illustrates the research not only of French accountants (Colasse, Durand, Jouanique, Lemarchand, Nikitin, Richard, Tessier) but also the work of Belgian authors writing in French (Stevelinck, Haulotte) and of French non-accountants (de Swarte, Durdilly, Sauvy). The work of British and North American academics, writing in English on French accounting history is also illustrated from the 1930s (Howard, Edwards), through to the 1960s (Parker) and the more recent research of Standish, Fortin and Bhimani. The contributions to this volume have been arranged both chronologically and thematically as follows: the earliest business accounting records; the first French accounting authors; Colbert, Savbary and the Ordonnance de Commerce; the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries; cost accounting; the national accounting plan; national income accounting; government accounting and accounting theory. An abstract of each contribution is given in both English and French.
Accounting in Networks (Routledge Studies in Accounting)
by Håkan Håkansson Kalle Kraus Johnny LindAccounting in Networks is the first book that in a comprehensive way covers the emerging issue of accounting and control in horizontal relations across legally independent organizations. During the last 20 years, organisations have shown an increased interest in collaborations that cross company boundaries. New organisational forms, such as alliances, partnerships, joint ventures, outsourcing and networks have received increased attention. This development has pushed management accounting researchers into examining the lateral effects of accounting. This book examines these lateral effects on accounting, and creates a comprehensive summary of what has been achieved so far and what interesting developments will occur in the coming ten years. The book covers a variety of inter-organizational settings – dyads, networks, joint ventures, public sector – and the roles of accounting therein. It also deals with specific inter-organizational accounting techniques – customer accounting, target costing and open book accounting – which companies use to manage in a world of inter-organizational relationships and networks. The book also covers different theoretical perspectives – transactional cost economics, the industrial-network approach, actor-network theory, institutional theory – on accounting in networks. Each chapter focus on a specific angle of accounting in networks, assess theoretical and empirical evidence, summarize the current position/debate and discuss promising avenues for future research.
Accounting in Politics: Devolution and Democratic Accountability (Routledge Studies In Accounting Ser. #Vol. 5)
by Irvine Lapsley Mahmoud Ezzamel Noel Hyndman Åge JohnsenThis book looks at the effectiveness of the 1999 restructuring of the UK through the establishment of the Scottish Parliament and the Assemblies for Northern Ireland and Wales, considering the process of devolution and its consequences on the key mechanisms of accounting and democratic accountability. Many of the chapters in this book examine wheth
Accounting in Scotland: A Historical Bibliography (Routledge Library Editions: Accounting)
by R. H. Parker Janet E. Pryce-JonesThe first Scottish book on accounting was published in 1683. That book heralded a century during which Scotland established its reputation as a land of accountants: a steady stream of books subsequently appeared from Scottish presses. This bibliography contains over 330 location entries, including 32 non-UK libraries. Periodical articles as well books are included.