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Effectuation entwickeln: Ein auf Reinforcement Learning aufbauender agentenbasierter Modellierungsbeitrag zur Formalisierung unternehmerischen Verhaltens
by Martin SterzelIn diesem Open-Access-Buch wird ein Rahmenwerk entwickelt, das simulationsbezogene Untersuchungen von Effetcuation ermöglicht und gleichzeitig die Grundlage für die Entwicklung von gründungsunterstützenden Entscheidungssystemen schafft. Es wird diskutiert, inwieweit effektuatives Lernen modelliert und algorithmisch interpretiert werden kann. Auf Basis der Vorstellung und kritischen Evaluierung aktueller Simulationsmodelle, die Effectuation abbilden, wird mit Hilfe von Methoden agentenbasierter Modellierung und des Reinforcement Learnings ein aggregiertes Modell entwickelt, das effektuatives Verhalten im Rahmen einer prototypischen Gründungssituation ermöglicht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass ein entrepreneurialer Agent in der Lage ist, effektuatives Verhalten zu erlernen. Leistungsunterschiede während des Lernens ergeben sich bei Veränderung seiner Umgebung. Der Erfolg des Agenten ist abhängig von der Verbindlichkeit potentieller Partner und Kunden. Weiterhin lässt sich ein Lernerfolg feststellen, wenn der Agent das Affordable-Loss-Prinzip in Verbindung mit marktkonformem Verhalten anwendet. Mit dem entwickelten Modell können künftig, unter Einbeziehung des Entscheidungsverhaltens eines realen Entrepreneurs, weitere Untersuchungen zum effektuativen Lernverhalten durchgeführt werden.
Effectuation: Rethinking Fundamental Concepts in the Social Sciences (Elements in Business Strategy)
by Saras SarasvathyEffectuation has become the basis for educating entrepreneurs and managers. Derived from cognitive and behavioral economic studies of expert entrepreneurs, effectuation shows how to cocreate value in highly uncertain situations. The framework of effectuation consists in techniques that minimize the use of predictive information and ways to turn control itself into strategy. In doing so, the effectual process opens up radically new ways to rethink a variety of fundamental concepts in all the social sciences. This ranges from risk and return to markets and governments in economics; attitudes toward ends and means in psychology; opportunism and altruism in social psychology; and even success and failure in strategic management. Effectuation theory inverts several older approaches in what Herbert Simon referred to as the 'sciences of the artificial'. These inversions suggest an entrepreneurial method based on non-predictive control that complements the predictive control techniques of the scientific method.
Effekte des Einsatzes integrierter Unternehmenssoftware im kaufmännischen Unterricht an Berufsschulen
by Claudio SpenerObwohl der berufsschulische Einsatz integrierter Unternehmenssoftware, den sogenannten ERP-Systemen, in der einschlägigen Literatur seit geraumer Zeit diskutiert wird, gibt es bis heute kaum robuste empirische Untersuchungen zu dessen Wirksamkeit. Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Effekte des ERP-Einsatzes sowie des begleitenden bzw. eigenständigen Einsatzes der Prozessmodellierung hinsichtlich kognitiver und motivationaler Zielgrößen mittels eines (quasi-)experimentellen Pre-/Posttest-Designs. Aus den Ergebnissen lassen sich bedeutsame Implikationen für die schulische Praxis ableiten.
Effektive Team-Meetings: Impulse aus der agilen Praxis für bessere Besprechungen und Kommunikation (essentials)
by Maurice MaltenDieses essential gibt eine kompakte Einführung, wie Team-Meetings in Organisationen und Unternehmen effektiver geplant, gestaltet und moderiert werden können. Meetings sind entscheidend für die Zusammenarbeit in Organisationen, ermöglichen den Austausch von Informationen und die Entwicklung von Strategien. Trotz ihrer Bedeutung sind sie oft ineffektiv und frustrierend – oft gibt es keine klare Agenda, endlose Diskussionen, kein klares Ergebnis und wichtige Punkte werden oft nicht angesprochen. Impulse aus der agilen Arbeitswelt zeigen neue Perspektiven und Möglichkeiten für erfolgreichere Meetings und gehen dabei insbesondere auf die Rolle der Moderation ein.
Effektiver Umgang mit Stress: Gesundheitsmanagement Im Beruf (Die Wirtschaftspsychologie)
by Julia Reif Erika Spieß Peter StadlerDieses Buch basiert auf Erkenntnissen aus Wissenschaft und Praxis, die aufzeigen was beruflicher Stress aus uns macht und wie wir besser mit Stress umgehen können. Die Autoren bringen klassische und aktuelle Erkenntnisse aus der psychologischen Stressforschung auf den Punkt und verdeutlichen Stress und das damit verbundene komplexe Ursachengefüge anhand eines praxisrelevanten Models. Als Leser lernen Sie, wie positiv sich gefährdungsfreies Arbeiten auf das Wohlbefinden und die Motivation der Mitarbeiter auswirkt und wie es Unternehmen und Führungskräften gelingen kann, eine humane Arbeitswelt zu gestalten. Erfahren Sie durch zahlreiche Fall- und Praxisbeispiele, Checklisten, Fragebögen, Ansätze zur Gestaltung sowie Tipps und Tricks, wie eine Arbeitsatmosphäre geschaffen werden kann, in der Menschen ohne gesundheitliche Schädigung und psychische Gefährdungen arbeiten können. Einige der inhaltlichen Highlights mit starkem Praxisbezug:Woher kommt Stress bzw. wie entsteht Stress?Welche Ressourcen stehen zur Verfügung, um den Stress abzumildern?Was kann ich gegen Stress tun? Wie sind negative Langzeitfolgen von Stress zu behandeln?Wie führe ich eine Gefährdungsbeurteilung durch?Zielgruppen sind alle, für die ein effektiver Umgang mit Stress von Bedeutung ist, d.h. Führungskräfte, Betriebsräte, Arbeitsschutzakteure, Mitarbeiter, betriebliche Experten und Studierende.
Effektiver und besser Führen in Teilzeit: Hintergründe und zeitgemäße Maßnahmen für ein flexibles Führungsmodell
by Silke Katterbach Kerstin StöverDieses Fachbuch vermittelt theoretisch fundiert,wie Teilzeit-Führung zukünftig als Alltagsmodell für flexiblere Arbeitsstrukturen in Unternehmen umgesetzt werden kann.Die Autorinnnen stellen die komplexen Zusammenhänge von Teilzeit-Führung dar, zeigen relevante Hintergrundinformationen auf und beschreiben mögliche Gründe für die unzureichende Akzeptanz von Teilzeit-Führung. Zudem verdeutlichen sie, welche tiefliegenden Überzeugungen und kulturellen Muster ein Umdenken von Vollzeit-Führung in die Teilzeit-Führung verhindern, jedoch neue flexible Arbeitszeit- und Führungsmodelle durch den gesellschaftlichen Wandel zwingend nötig sind.Das Buch enthält hilfreiche Denkanstöße, praktische Tipps und inspirierende Beispiele für Entscheider sowie Mut machende Empfehlungen für ambitionierte Teilzeit-Führungskräfte der Zukunft.
Effektives Bau-Projektmanagement: Grundlagen, Methoden und Best Practices
by Shymaa El-AboodiDieses Lehrbuch ist eine pragmatische Mischung aus fundiertem Wissen, langjähriger Erfahrung und umfassender praktischer Umsetzung der wesentlichen Methoden des Projektmanagements. Der systematische Aufbau enthält praktische Anwendungshilfen für die Projektarbeit. Das Lehrbuch gibt einen verständlichen Überblick über die Methoden, Werkzeuge und Best Practices, die für eine effiziente Realisierung von Bau-Projekten genutzt werden können. Das Buch möchte Einsteiger:innen in die Thematik dabei unterstützen, die Herausforderung der Projektarbeit zu meistern und ihre Fähigkeiten und Kenntnisse als Projekt-Manager:in weiterzuentwickeln.
Effektives Customer Relationship Management: Instrumente - Einführungskonzepte - Organisation
by Stefan Helmke Matthias Uebel Wilhelm DangelmaierDieses CRM-Standardwerk behandelt die wesentlichen Fragen im Rahmen der Einsetzung und Organisation von Customer Relationship Management. Dies betrifft sowohl die Verzahnung mit Marketing- und Vertriebsprozessen, die systematische Zielbildung als auch die Ressourcensteuerung. Renommierte Autoren liefern wertvolle praxisorientierte Fakten, um die zielgerichtete Planung, die Umsetzung und die nachhaltige organisatorische Verankerung zu gewährleisten und damit zur Steigerung der Effizienz und Effektivität des CRM-Ansatzes in der Unternehmenspraxis beizutragen.In der 7. Auflage wurden alle Beiträge überarbeitet und neue Entwicklungen integriert.
Effektivität der transformationalen Führung: Helden, Visionen und Charisma (essentials)
by Marco FurtnerIn diesem essential beschreibt Marco Furtner die Grundlagen zur visionären und charismatischen Einflussnahme in der Führung (Ist Charisma angeboren oder trainierbar?). Der Autor gibt einen verständlichen Überblick zur Effektivität der transformationalen Führung, welche die Führungsforschung revolutioniert hat: In den letzten 30 Jahren wurde kein anderer Führungsansatz so häufig untersucht und diskutiert. Der zentrale Grund liegt darin, dass die transformationale Führung eine idealisierte Form von Führung darstellt und den "Glanz" der charismatischen Einflussnahme nutzt. Umso überraschender ist es, dass bei einer deutschsprachigen Buchrecherche zum Titel "Transformationale Führung" bislang lediglich studentische Studienarbeiten aufscheinen.
Efficiency Costs of Myanmar's Multiple Exchange Rate Regime
by Masahiro Hori Yu Ching WongA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Efficiency Criteria for Nationalised Industries (Routledge Revivals)
by Alec NoveFirst published in 1973, Efficiency Criteria for Nationalised Industries asks by what criteria we should judge the efficiency of nationalised industries, what we mean by saying they should be run commercially and where the public interest should lie. In this work, Professor Nove believes we answer these questions incorrectly due to a lack of understanding of economic theory and a desire to relate real world economics to that of the text book. The author says many economists, in a world of indivisibilities, complementarities and systems, persist in thinking in terms of one-dimensional, fragmented marginalism. Professor Nove, who is known for his writings on the Soviet economy, raises many points relevant to the East as well as the West. His work contributes to the economics of socialism, while also making the case for greater realism in economic theory in general.
Efficiency Measurement in Health and Health Care (Routledge International Studies In Health Economics Ser.)
by Bruce Hollingsworth Stuart J. PeacockThis book provides a concise synthesis of leading edge research in the theory and practise of efficiency measurement in health and health care. Whilst much of the literature in this area is confusing and impregnable, Hollingsworth and Peacock show the logical links between the economic theory underlying efficiency, the methods used in analysis and
Efficiency Measures in the Agricultural Sector: With Applications
by Emiliana L. D. G. Soares da Silva Jorge M Azevedo Santos Armando MendesThe editors draw on a 3-year project that analyzed a Portuguese area in detail, comparing this study with papers from other regions. Applications include the estimation of technical efficiency in agricultural grazing systems (dairy, beef and mixed) and specifically for dairy farms. The conclusions indicate that it is now necessary to help small dairy farms in order to make them more efficient. These results can be compared with the technical efficiency of a sample of Spanish dairy processing firms presented by Magdalena Kapelko and co-authors.
Efficiency Ratios - Making the Most of Your Assets
by Karen Berman Joe KnightEfficiency ratios help you evaluate how efficiently you manage certain key balance sheet assets and liabilities. Financially intelligent entrepreneurs learn how efficiency ratios measure performance, and are then able to have a direct and immediate impact on their company's cash position. This chapter is excerpted from "Financial Intelligence for Entrepreneurs: What You Really Need to Know About the Numbers."
Efficiency Ratios: Making the Most of Your Assets
by John Case Karen Berman Joe KnightEfficiency ratios help you evaluate how efficiently you manage certain key balance sheet assets and liabilities. This chapter illustrates how efficiency ratios measure performance, enabling you to have a direct and immediate impact on your company's cash position.
Efficiency and Equity in Welfare Economics
by Piercarlo NicolaIncreasing efficiency in generating national income and improving equity in its distribution among economic agents is at the forefront of priorities of most modern economies. This book presents a model which aims to maximize a symmetrical welfare function under certain constraints which consider both efficiency and equity, i.e. taxes and subsidies, implemented by a public authority. The model is numerically implemented and considers a set of economic agents with starting incomes that satisfy Pareto income law under various values of the alpha parameter. Also, the model implementations respect the social production function. Various experiments are presented which show how income inequality (measured by means of the Lorenz curve and, what I call, the Lorenz-Gini inequality index) and measures of poverty are sensibly reduced by redistributing national income without lowering efficiency in production. A case study, or application, of Italian personal income in 2008 is also presented.
Efficiency and Growth of Ethiopian Air Transport Industry (Frontiers in African Business Research)
by Tsegay Kaleab AtsbahaThis book evaluates the efficiency and growth of the Ethiopian air transport sector through careful analysis. It provides essential research input for air transport industry practitioners in planning and resource management as well as for academics of advanced efficiency analysis who need to work and study in airports and the airline industry. The book analyzes the theoretical and practical implications of air transport growth determinants, airports' cost and production efficiency, including labor use efficiency by taking their respective determinant factors. The findings and policy implications of each research work provide important inputs for government policymakers and air transport planners to consider the causality of economic growth versus airlines growth and other determinants, to take lessons on the proper resource allocation in the application of airport cost and production efficiency, human capital, investment cost, price of capital, and labor inputs during the development and expansion of airports and airlines. This book is the first of its kind on the Ethiopian air transport industry and serves as a much-needed reference for the African air transport industry as well as other developing countries in terms of airport costs, production, labor use efficiency and airline growth perspectives.
Efficiency and Innovation in Logistics: Proceedings of the International Logistics Science Conference (ILSC) 2013
by Michael Ten Hompel Uwe Clausen Fabian MeierThe importance of logistics in all its variations is still increasing. New technologies emerge, new planning methods and algorithms are developed, only to face a market with a growing complexity and the need of weighting monetary costs against ecological impact. Mastering these challenges requires a scientific viewpoint on logistics, but always with applications in mind. This volume presents up-to-date logistics research in all its diversity and interconnectedness. It grew out of the "International Logistics Science Conference" (ILSC) held in Dortmund in September 2013, bringing together leading scientists and young academics from nine different countries. The conference was jointly organized by the "Efficiency Cluster Logistics" and the "Fraunhofer Institute for Material Flow and Logistics". The Program Committee used a double blind review process to choose the 12 strongest contributions, which were then grouped in four areas: - Sustainability logistics, including electric mobility, smart information, communication technologies and corporate social responsibility management - Intralogistics, including the detection of autonomous vehicles, 3D computer vision and sensor functions for forklift trucks - Transport logistics, including distribution centre organization, delivery performance in railway systems and logistics reference modelling - Logistics facilities, including environmental impact of container ports, parcel sorting systems and model based systems engineering.
Efficiency and Justice in the Industrial World: v. 1: The Failure of the Soviet Experiment
by Dusan PokornyIn the last years of the Soviet Union, with remarkable suddenness, it became commonplace to observe that what the country needed was a free market, private property and integration into the global economy. But why (aside from the obvious fact that the alternative was failing) should this consciousness dawn in our day? This book argues that the time has come to reflect on what the epochal events of our era are teaching us about larger questions - the relationship between economy and society, culture and market. Dusan Polorny asks precisely these questions, revisiting the ideas of classic and contemporary philosophers in the light of the failure of the Soviet order and the exigencies of post-Soviet transformation. As Pokorny also points out, integration in a post-industrial global economy entails profound changes in the domain of property rights, a redefinition of the relation between equity and efficiency, and a regrounding of national consciousness. The present volume examines the implications of these demands for the post-Soviet societies; another, on the European and North American experiments in economic integration, is in preparation.
Efficiency and Management (Routledge Studies in Management, Organizations and Society)
by Guy CallenderIt is widely accepted that management concepts such as strategic management, human resource management and management development have a well-defined body of knowledge designed to inform management praxis, however the notion of efficiency has no such body of knowledge to support its application within management praxis. This book proposes the replacement of the generalised term efficiency with the more comprehensive notion of performance efficiency to provide a reliable basis on which to evaluate management behaviour. Given the scope of the investigation, the outcome is not designed to prove the success or failure of the inherent nature of efficiency, but rather to establish a new starting point for yet wider empirical research. At a macro-level, it advances the proposition that the notion of efficiency has become an ideological statement of support for any management intention rather than a practical means to inform or evaluate a range of management actions.
Efficiency and Performance of Bulgarian Private Pensions
by Gregorio ImpavidoA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Efficiency and Productivity Analysis: Using Copulas in Stochastic Frontier Models (ISSN)
by Artem ProkhorovThis book is an easy-to-understand guide to modeling productivity and efficiency using modern statistical tools. It introduces readers to the fundamentals of stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) and gradually takes them to the forefront of academic research in this area, examining the latest concepts and methods related to the use of copulas in SFA.Following a comprehensive review of classic methodology, Professor Artem Prokhorov covers topics in panel data modeling, in endogeneity in SFA, in joint modeling of technical and allocative inefficiency, and in optimal and robust prediction of inefficiency scores. This is done using copulas to capture various kinds of statistical dependence that have been previously ignored when modeling production. The classic and advanced topics are illustrated using practical examples and codes written in modern programming languages. As an important example, the book spells out the case where both the values of output and the ratio of inputs used in production are optimized simultaneously. Such simultaneity, if ignored, leads to biased estimates of productivity and returns-to-scale and may understate inefficiency.The book offers a useful reference for those interested in the newest robust methods of business analytics in the area of productivity and efficiency, with implications for strategy, budgeting, resourcing and benchmarking of firms, industries and production units more generally.
Efficiency in Business and Economics
by Tadeusz Dudycz Grażyna Osbert-Pociecha Bogumiła BryczThis book offers a collection of studies on various organizations' efficiency, criteria for evaluating efficiency, together with tools and methods for measuring efficiency. The articles included present an interdisciplinary look at efficiency, its essence and the principles of its measurement. They represent an attempt to seek the conceptual boundaries of efficiency, i. e. to clarify this abstract and multidimensional concept including its relation to innovation, competitiveness and intellectual capital. The contributions also identify a broad spectrum of conditions for achieving efficiency in various types of organizations and systems (e. g. health care, hybrid organizations, non-profit organizations), representing various industries (e. g. insurance, banking, tourism, agriculture).
Efficiency in Sustainable Supply Chain
by Paulina Golinska-Dawson Adam KolinskiThe book focuses on efficiency analysis in enterprises and describes a broader supply-chain context to support improved sustainability. The research and its outcomes presented here provide theoretical and empirical studies on efficiency analysis in the supply chain, including operational, economic, environmental and social aspects. This book sheds new light on the efficiency-assessment framework for practitioners and includes essential tips on how to improve the sustainability of supply-chains operations.
Efficiency of Growth Drivers: An Analysis of Select Indian Industries (SpringerBriefs in Economics)
by Bhaskar Bagchi Dhrubaranjan Dandapat Susmita ChatterjeeThis book covers three main areas, namely the pharmaceuticals industry, the telecommunications sector and the banking sector, with a focus on manufacturing and service. It includes a brief analysis of all three, particularly in the context of their evolution, current status, cost efficiency, and growth projections. The Indian pharmaceuticals market is the third-largest in the world in terms of volume and thirteenth-largest in terms of value; further, India is the world’s largest provider of generic drugs. India is currently the second-largest telecommunications market and has the third-highest number of internet users in the world. At the same time, the deregulation of foreign direct investment (FDI) norms has made banking one of the fastest-growing sectors and a top-five employment opportunity generator in the country. Further, the efficiency and profitability of India’s banking sector has assumed prime importance due to intense competition, customer demands and bank reforms. The book gauges the relative performance of the Indian banks based on certain key parameters. It then concisely presents the efficiency results, vividly portraying the industry’s current status and serving as a ready reference that will be valuable to students, academics and industry experts alike.