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The Growth of Global Business (Routledge Library Editions: International Business)
by Howard Cox Jeremy Clegg Grazia Ietto-GilliesIn this book leading contributors look at the development of the evolutionary approach to international business, the internationalization of service industries and the implications of the changing face of Europe for international business in the 1990s. Providing an excellent blend of theory, analysis and case-study material, this volume is a vital resource for students of international business and related fields.
The Growth of International Business (Routledge Library Editions: International Business)
by Mark CassonThis book integrates the work of economists, management scientists and business historians. It applies the related concepts of transaction costs, internalisation, corporate strategy and market structure to explain the historical process of corporate growth in the international economy. Each chapter is written by a scholar who has specialized in a particular aspect of the growth of international business.
The Growth of Intra-Industry Trade: New Trade Patterns in a Changing Global Economy
by Leonie L. StoneFirst Published in 1997. The explosive growth of world trade in the last three decades is unparalleled in history, both due to the rapid increase in volume and to the change in the composition of trade. Historically, trade between nations has consisted largely of exchanges of products that were very different from each other, neither closely substitutable in consumption nor production processes. However, in this latest period of trade expansion, the majority of the increase in world trade has been in manufactured goods, many of which are highly substitutable differentiated products. This has led to growth in intra-industry trade, the cross-shipment of similar products. This study links increased shares of intra-industry trade with growth in newly-industrializing countries. To examine these questions, this study first gives a review of existing literature, both theoretical and empirical. Five hypotheses on intra-industry trade are then discussed. A model is then presented and estimated, using data on bilateral trade between the United States and its five major trading partners, Canada, Japan, France, Germany, and the United Kingdom.
The Growth of Islamic Banking in Indonesia: Theory and Practice (Islamic Business and Finance Series)
by Yasushi Suzuki Sigit PramonoIndonesia is the most populous Muslim country in the world. Taking into account also its endowment and potential economic resources, the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia was expected to take on an important role in facilitating more financial resources and to contribute to the internationalization of the Islamic mode of financing particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. However, the reality is far from the expectation. This book aims to clarify the causes and fundamental constraints leading to the extraordinarily low level of Indonesia’s Islamic financial deepening. The authors draw on the traditions of Institutional Economics which are concerned with the rules or mechanisms of creating the 'incentive' and 'threat' for economic players because the rules (institutions) would matter as the determinant for economic development and economic efficiency. This book offers a fairly new analytical lens by hypothesizing that Islamic banks must earn additional profit– the authors coined as ‘Islamic bank rent’ - to maintain their franchise value as prudent Shari’ah-compliant lenders when compared to conventional banks. The authors argued that insufficient provision of the Islamic bank rent opportunity may have caused the Indonesia’s Islamic banks the opportunity to learn and improve their skill and capacity for the credit risk management. The book also offers evidence in support of implementing economic and affirmative policy necessary for incubating and developing the Islamic banking industry in Indonesia and making Indonesia an international Islamic financial hub in the Asia-Pacific region. This book will be a useful resource for policy makers and researchers interested in Islamic banking in Indonesia.
The Growth of Islamic Finance and Banking: Innovation, Governance and Risk Mitigation (Islamic Business and Finance Series)
by Hussain Mohi-ud-Din Qadri M. Ishaq BhattiThis book covers the recent literature concerning Islamic banking and finance (IBF), focuses on the history of IBF since its inception and introduces the latest innovative concepts and practices in the field. The authors cover important topics such as the role of ownership, Shari`ah compliance and governance structures in raising debt capital using IBF practices, including Fatwa issues and the use of benchmarking practices. The book also addresses topics like archival data, the influence of leverage on ownership structure, and sukuk structures, as well as misconceptions, threats, challenges and opportunities in IBF. Finally, the book deals with prominent issues such as business score-carding, Takāful (Islamic Insurance), IBF implications for block-chain-based fintech and finance hub concepts in Islamic microfinance models. This edited volume is an important contribution to the IBF literature as it provides a much-needed in-depth look into industry practices through the perspective of corporate finance and governance. With its interdisciplinary approach covering legal and financial issues along with a wide variety of notable contributors, this book will be a valuable reference guide to both teachers and students of Islamic banking and economics.
The Growth of Italian Cooperatives: Innovation, Resilience and Social Responsibility (Routledge Studies in Social Enterprise & Social Innovation)
by Piero AmmiratoThe Italian Cooperative Sector is amongst the largest in the world comprising over 60,000 cooperatives from all sectors of the economy directly employing 1.3 million people. Cooperatives created close to 30 percent of new jobs in Italy between 2001 and 2011 demonstrating that democratic cooperative enterprises can successfully operate in a market economy combining economic success and social responsibility. These offer a viable alternative to profit maximising enterprises and an opportunity to create a more pluralist and democratic market economy. The Growth of Italian Cooperatives: Innovation, Resilience and Social Responsibility comprehensively explains how the Italian cooperative sector has managed to compete successfully in the global economy and to grow during the global financial crisis. This book will comprehensively explain how the Italian cooperative movement has managed to grow into a large successful network of cooperatives. It will examine the legislative framework and their unique business model that allows it to compete in the market as part of a network that includes central cooperative associations, financial and economic consortia, and financial companies. It will explore cooperative entrepreneurship through a discussion of the formation of cooperative groups, start-ups, worker-buyouts and the promotion of entirely new sectors such as the social services sector. Finally, The Growth of Italian Cooperatives examines how cooperatives have managed the GFC and how their behavior differs from private enterprises. It will also analyze the extent to which cooperatives compete while still uphold the key cooperative principles and fulfil their social responsibility. This book is an interdisciplinary study of cooperative development and is designed to inform members of the academic community, government, public policy makers and cooperative managers that are primarily interested in economic democracy, economics of the cooperative enterprise, cooperative networks and economic development, cooperative legislation, democratic governance, job creation programs, politics of inclusion and how wealth can be more equitably distributed.
The Growth of Public Expenditure in the United Kingdom (Routledge Revivals)
by Alan Peacock Jack WisemanOriginally published in 1961, this book became widely used as a textbook, as an important source of primary data on British government expenditure statistics and as the point of departure for further empirical and analytical studies of the behaviour of governments. The book was recognised as one of the formative influences in the development of a positive theory of government expenditure which sought to explain the size and structure of the system of public finance rather than justify it
The Growth of Public Expenditure in the United Kingdom from 1870 to 2005
by Clive LeePublic expenditure has increased considerably in the UK from around ten per cent of GDP in the 1870s to forty per cent and above in the 21st century. Clive Lee explores the fluctuations in state spending, highlighting the ongoing political conflict over the size and extent of welfare provision.
The Growth of Shadow Banking: A Comparative Institutional Analysis
by Matthias ThiemannThe 'shadow banking system' refers to a system of credit-provision occurring outside of the official regulatory perimeter of commercial banks. Facilitated by securitization vehicles, mutual funds, hedge funds, investment banks and mortgage companies, the function and regulation of these shadow banking institutions has come under increasing scrutiny after the subprime crisis of 2007–8. Matthias Thiemann examines how regulators came to tolerate the emergence of links between the banking and shadow banking systems. Through a comparative analysis of the US, France, the Netherlands and Germany, he argues that fractured domestic and global governance systems determining the regulatory approach to these links ultimately aggravated the recent financial crisis. Since 2008, shadow banking has even expanded and the incentives for banks to bend the rules have only increased with increasing regulation. Thiemann's empirical work suggests how state-finance relations could be restructured to keep the banking system under state control and avoid future financial collapses.
The Growth of the Athenian Economy
by A FrenchFirst Published in 2005. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.
The Growth of the British Economy 1918–1968 (Studies in Economics and Political Science)
by G. A. Phillips R. T. MaddockOriginally published in 1973, the aim of this work was to discuss the various factors governing the rate of growth of the British economy since the First World War. It endeavours to explain – or at least to provide the groundwork for an explanation of – the movements of aggregate production and productivity in this period. In so doing it examines two particular, and partly antithetical questions: why Britain exceeded the predictions of economic theorists who, until at least the Second World War, had forecast a retardation of growth in all mature industrial economies; and why, especially since 1950, the economy has expanded less quickly than many professional economists, and almost all politicians, thought possible. The authors look, in turn, at the changing trends in effective economic demand, both domestic and foreign; the supply of labour and capital; and the role of management and the state in fostering growth. Their object is to produce a balanced mixture of the available historical and statistical evidence and the relevant economic theory. They introduce their readers, at the same time, to the more specialized works of both disciplines. The book is the product of a fruitful collaboration between an economist and a historian, both with considerable experience in teaching students, combining their two subjects. It marries, accordingly, the qualities of apt and informative use of evidence, wide-ranging theoretical discussion, and clarity of exposition.
The Growth of the Fruit and Vegetable Export Industry in Peru (SpringerBriefs in Economics)
by Tatsuya ShimizuThis is the first book that analyzes the growth of the Peruvian fresh fruit and vegetable (FFV) export industry from the view point of the industrial development. Instead of pointing out comparative advantages in production factors such as favorable climate and cheap labor, this book focuses on the strategies of agribusiness companies, industrial organizations, and the public sector in the FFV export industry. The analysis is based on the theoretical frameworks of coordination, integration, and upgrades in value chains, business strategies to overcome seasonality and mitigate risks in agriculture, and cluster development based on joint actions among players in the industry. Based on the field studies with major FFV production and export companies and industrial organizations, the case studies describe specific innovations in management and organizations taken by key actors in the industry. This book can help policymakers in developing countries seek industrial development options based on agricultural exports.
Growth of the International Economy, 1820-2015
by Michael Graff A. G. Kenwood A. L. LougheedKenwood and Lougheed’s classic book has been the benchmark introduction to the development of the global economy for decades. For this fifth edition, Michael Graff has brought the story up to date to include events from the early part of the twenty first century – continued globalization, the emergence of Asia as an economic power and the greater role played by business on the international scene. Beginning with the industrial revolution, the book charts the long nineteenth century, the impact of colonialism, the fast pace of technology growth and the impact of global wars. New features to this edition include: a prologue explaining the initial conditions faced by the world economy in 1820, detailing the beginnings of international trade and the influence of slavery greater coverage of developing countries increased coverage of World Wars I and II and of the twentieth century a number of appendices outlining the economic concepts and theories underlying the text This new edition of Growth of the International Economy provides the reader with a clear understanding of the factors which have been instrumental in creating the economic environment we face two hundred years after the industrial revolution.
The Growth of the Scholarly Publishing Industry in the U.S.: A Business History of a Changing Marketplace, 1939–1946
by Albert N. GrecoThis book analyzes the dynamic growth of the scholarly publishing industry in the United States during 1939-1946, a critical period in the business history of scholarly publications in STM and the humanities and the social sciences. It explains how the key publishing players positioned themselves to take advantage of the war economy and how they used different business and marketing strategies to create the market and demand for scholarly publications. Not only did the atomic threat necessitate a surge in scholarly research, but at the same time scholarly publishing managers prepared for the dramatic shift by anticipating the potential impact of the GI Bill on higher education, creating superb printed products, and by becoming the brand, the source of knowledge and information. The creation of strategic business units and value chains as well as the development of marketing targeting strategies resulted in brand loyalty to certain publishers and publications but also accelerated the growth of the US scholarly publishing industry. Business historians and marketing professors interested in the business strategies of scholarly publishers during World War II will find this book to be a valuable resource.
Growth-Oriented Adjustment Programs
by Vittorio Corbo Morris Goldstein Mohsin KhanA report from the International Monetary Fund.
The Growth Paradox: Rethinking Control, Accountability, and Change to Move Your Business to the Next Level
by Jacky FischerAward-winning CEO Jacky Fischer presents her signature management method to help small businesses scale up by avoiding the most common and destructive pitfalls. If you hold on too tightly as a leader—to your people, to everyday decision-making, to the past—you will cut off vital oxygen necessary for growth. The solution: Stop being a control freak and instead empower your employees, get out of your own way, and establish a clear vision for the future. In other words: Let go to help your business grow. Embrace the growth paradox to get unstuck and grow your company to the next level. By leaning into some key, counterintuitive business ideas, you&’ll make space for changes that will lead to nonlinear growth. In this uniquely insightful guide, you&’ll learn why: Holding people accountable doesn&’t work Helping employees often hurts performance Giving up power and control can increase growth Focusing on money can reduce profits Introducing big ideas can derail your progress What&’s more, Fisher shares lessons she learned from growing a small family business into an organization with annual revenue topping $40 million—as well as practical tools for taking stock of where you are and charting an actionable plan so that you can create hypergrowth in your business.
Growth Poles of the Global Economy: Emergence, Changes and Future Perspectives (Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems #73)
by Elena G. PopkovaThe book presents the best contributions from the international scientific conference “Growth Poles of the Global Economy: Emergence, Changes and Future,” which was organized by the Institute of Scientific Communications (Volgograd, Russia) together with the universities of Kyrgyzstan and various other cities in Russia. The 143 papers selected, focus on spatial and sectorial structures of the modern global economy according to the theory of growth poles. It is intended for representatives of the academic community: university and college staff developing study guides on socio-humanitarian disciplines in connection with the theory of growth poles, researchers, and undergraduates, masters, and postgraduates who are interested in the recent inventions and developments in the field. It is also a valuable resource for expert practitioners managing entrepreneurial structures in the existing and prospective growth poles of the global economy as well as those at international institutes that regulate growth poles.The first part of the book investigates the factors and conditions affecting the emergence of the growth poles of the modern global economy. The second part then discusses transformation processes in the traditional growth poles of the global economy under the influence of the technological progress. The third part examines how social factors affect the formation of new growth poles of the modern global economy. Lastly, the fourth part offers perspectives on the future growth of the global economy on the basis of the digital economy and Industry 4.0.
Growth Policy in the Age of High Technology: The Role Of Regions And States (Routledge Library Editions: The Economics and Business of Technology #46)
by Jurgen Schmandt Robert WilsonOriginally published in 1990 this book provides an authoritative and detailed account of the initiatives of US state governments with science and technology programs designed to foster economic growth. Two key questions are posed: Do state governments have policy instruments that are sufficiently powerful to affect thelevels and growth rates of their regional economies? and Are national and global economic forces so powerful that they render state action ineffective? Several subsidiary themes are discusses in this context, namely: the most commonly used policy instruments, the impacts on federalism and on governance and how well the universities and other educational institutions serve the economic activities imposed on them.
The Growth Report: Strategies for Sustained Growth and Inclusive Development
by Commission On Growth an DevelopmentWhy have only 13 developing world economies achieved sustained, high growth since World War II? Why is engagement with the global economy necessary to achieve high growth? Why do some countries' growth strategies fail to win the public's confidence? Why are equity and equality of opportunity important components of successful growth strategies? Why do many countries, blessed with natural resource wealth, not achieve high growth? Why has no country ever sustained rapid growth without high rates of public investment? Why does it not always pay to devalue the exchange rate? When does it? Why is childhood nutrition so important to economic growth? Why do some economies lose momentum when others keep on growing? Why has no country ever sustained long-term growth without urbanizing? Why should there be an end to energy subsidies? Why do global warming and the rising prices of food, energy and minerals pose challenges to potential future growth in developing countries? Why does the aging of the world population matter for developing countries growth and employment prospects? 'The Growth Report' does not have all the answers, but it does identify some of the key insights and policy levers to help countries achieve high, sustainable and inclusive growth. The result of two years work by 19 experienced policymakers and two Nobel prize-winning economists, 'The Growth Report' is the most complete analysis to date of the ingredients which, if used in the right country-specific recipe, can deliver growth and help lift populations out of poverty. About the Commission on Growth and Development Launched in April 2006, the Commission on Growth and Development brings together twenty-one leading practitioners from government, business, and the policymaking arenas, mostly from the developing world. The Commission is chaired by Nobel Laureate Michael Spence, former Dean of the Stanford Graduate Business School, and Danny Leipziger, Vice-President, World Bank, is the Commission's Vice-Chair. Over a period of two years the Commission sought to gather the best understanding there is about the policies and strategies that underlie rapid and sustained economic growth and poverty reduction. The Commission's audience is the leaders of developing countries. The Commission is supported by the Governments of Australia, Sweden, the Netherlands, and United Kingdom, the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, and the World Bank.
The Growth Report of Zhongguancun NEEQ Listed Companies (Current Chinese Economic Report Series)
by Zhongguancun Listed Companies AssociatioThis book focuses on the analysis of financial data and innovative results of Chinese Zhongguancun (Z-Park) NEEQ listed companies and objectively evaluates the competitiveness of these companies.The NEEQ market is an important part of the construction of China's multi-level capital markets and plays an important role in the development of China's capital market. As the birthplace of the NEEQ market, Zhongguancun NEEQ is naturally an important research object of this multi-level capital market. This report is based on the in-depth observation of ZLCA, comprehensively grasps and analyzes the financial data of Zhongguancun NEEQ Listed Companies. The overall scale, profitability, innovation ability and social contribution of Zhongguancun NEEQ Companies are objectively presented from multiple dimensions. In addition, according to the market reform of the NEEQ, the report selects the enterprises that meet the requirements of the Basic, Select and Innovation of NEEQ market, analyzes and displays their main indicators, so as to objectively present the situation of Zhongguancun NEEQ Companies. For investors, economic researchers or audience who are interested in Z-Park, this book will be an important way for them to understand the latest development of Z-Park and Z-Park's high-quality enterprises.
The Growth Report of Zhongguancun NEEQ Listed Companies (Current Chinese Economic Report Series)
by Zhongguancun Listed Companies AssociationThis book focuses on the analysis of financial data and innovative results of Chinese Zhongguancun (Z-park) NEEQ Listed Firms in 2020 and objectively evaluates the growth ability of them. The book displays the overall scale, growth capacity, industry distribution, social contribution, and comparison with other regions of NEEQ Listed Firms in Zhongguancun from multiple dimensions, aiming at objectively presenting the growth characteristics and development status of them. For global investors, economic researchers, or financial analysts, this book is an important way to understand China’s scientific and technological innovation achievements and Zhongguancun’s outstanding enterprises.
The Growth Report of Zhongguancun NEEQ Listed Firms (2018)
by Zhongguancun Listed Companies AssociationThis book focuses on the analysis of financial data and innovative results of Zhongguancun NEEQ listed Firms, and objectively evaluates the growth ability of them. The book displays the overall scale, growth capacity, industry distribution, social contribution, policy subsidies, and comparison with other regions of NEEQ listed Firms in Zhongguancun from multiple dimensions, aiming at objectively presenting the growth characteristics and development status of them. Whether you're a global investor, an economic researcher, or ordinary people, this book provides an important way to understand China's scientific and technological innovation achievements and Zhongguancun outstanding enterprises.
The Growth Report of Zhongguancun NEEQ Listed Firms (2019)
by Zhongguancun Listed Companies Assoc.This book focuses on the analysis of financial data and innovative results of Chinese Zhongguancun (Z-park) NEEQ Listed Firms, and objectively evaluates the growth ability of them. The book displays the overall scale, growth capacity, industry distribution, social contribution, and comparison with other regions of NEEQ Listed Firms in Zhongguancun from multiple dimensions, aiming at objectively presenting the growth characteristics and development status of them. For global investors, economic researchers, or financial analysts, this book will be an important way to understand China's scientific and technological innovation achievements and Zhongguancun’s outstanding enterprises.
The Growth Spiral: Money, Energy, and Imagination in the Dynamics of the Market Process
by Hans Christoph BinswangerThis book develops a new theory of the modern economy. Conventional economic theory is (still) based on an essentially static notion of equilibrium. In contrast, this book offers an analysis of the economic process based on a truly dynamic approach. It understands modern economic activity as manifesting itself in a growth spiral. There are two main drivers of the dynamics of this spiral: steady money creation in the banking system, on the one hand; and the continuous inflow of energy and raw materials through the exploitation of natural resources, on the other. Both driving forces are generally neglected by the conventional theory. Understanding their role is absolutely essential for preventing our economy from being more and more exposed to financial and ecological crises. This book offers important insights about the functioning of the modern economy and addresses the specialist as well as the interested lay reader.
The Growth Strategies of Hotel Chains: Best Business Practices by Leading Companies
by Kaye Sung ChonHow did Accor, Cendant, Choice Hotels International, Marriott, and Hilton become the largest hotel chains in the world-and what strategies will they use to continue their growth?This first-of-its-kind textbook presents a balanced overview of the theory and practice of hotel chains&’ growth strategies. It explains in-depth how