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Health Economics: An Industrial Organization Perspective
by Xavier Martinez-Giralt Pedro BarrosResearch in Health Economics has developed into a separate discipline for the last 25 years. All this intense research activity, has translated in the inclusion of courses of health economics, mostly at graduate level. However, the Industrial Organization aspects of the health care market do not occupy a central place in those courses. We propose a textbook of health economics whose distinguishing feature is the analysis of the health care market from an Industrial Organization perspective. This textbook will provide teachers and students with a reference to study the market structure aspects of the health care sector. The book is structured in three parts. The first part will present the basic principles of economics. It will bring all readers to the required level of knowledge to follow subsequent parts. Part II will review the main concepts of health economics. The third part will contain the core of the book. It will present the industrial organization analysis of the health care market, based on our own research.
Health Economics: An International Perspective
by Barbara McPake Charles Normand Samantha Smith Anne NolanHealth Economics: An International Perspective is the only textbook to provide a truly international, comparative treatment of health economics. Offering an analysis of health systems across borders, the fourth edition of this key text has been updated and revised to take account of changes in a host of countries. This edition features an expanded introduction, providing better grounding for many of the examples that come in subsequent chapters and making it easier for non-health care experts to see the links between the theory, the examples and the health care system components. It also boasts a restructured format, dividing the book into two broad sections: the first focuses on ideas and principles, along with evidence on their applications in the health sector, whereas the second focuses on introducing core tools and techniques used in applied health economics research. Further updates to this edition include: two new chapters on applied econometrics; a new chapter on equity, focusing on equity in access to health care, paying particular attention to how access and need for health care are defined and measured in applied research; a new chapter on emerging issues for health systems that are emanating from a series of global transitions both within (e.g. demographic change, epidemiological change, the global resolution on universal health coverage) and without the health sector (e.g. economic transitions). Throughout the text, examples and illustrations are taken from a wide range of settings and world regions, providing a unique overview of the performance of different health systems.
Health Economics: An International Perspective
by Barbara Mcpake Samantha Smith Charles NormandThis third edition of Barbara McPake and Charles Normand's textbook confirms it as providing the only properly international treatment of health economics on the market. A key tenet of the book is its analysis of comparative health systems across borders, and the text has been updated and revised to take account of changes in a host of countries. Barack Obama's reforms in the United States are considered alongside the provision of healthcare in China, providing a unique overview of these different approaches. The introduction of performance related payment in various forms is appraised, with the experience of developing countries such as Cambodia, Rwanda and Uganda important in this regard. An overview of the range of mathematical techniques available to perform economic evaluation in healthcare is also introduced, although the text avoids becoming too technical. In all, the text builds on the success of the first edition and provides the perfect introduction to the fast changing world of health economics.
Health Economics
by Charles E. PhelpsHealth Economics combines current economic theory, recent research, and health policy problems into a comprehensive overview of the field. This thorough update of a classic and widely used text follows author Charles E. Phelps' thirteen years of service as Provost of the University of Rochester. Accessible and intuitive, early chapters use recent empirical studies to develop essential methodological foundations. Later chapters build on these core concepts to focus on key policy areas, such as the structure and effects of Medicare reform, insurance plans, and new technologies in the health care community. This edition contains revised and updated data tables and contains information throughout the text on the latest changes that were made to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA).
Health Economics
by Charles E. PhelpsCan we really use economic thinking to understand our health care system? Health Economics, now in its sixth edition, not only shows how this is done, but also provides the tools to analyze the economic behavior of patients and providers in health care markets. Health Economics combines current economic theory, recent research, and up-to-date empirical studies into a comprehensive overview of the field. Key changes to this edition include: additional discussion of the consequences of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), in light of current political changes; an extensive discussion of quality measures; more discussion of preventive services; a new section on drug markets and regulation; discussion of Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs); new references, problem sets, and an updated companion website with lecture slides. Designed for use in upper-division undergraduate economics studies, the book is suitable for students and lecturers in health economics, microeconomics, public health policy and practice, and health and society. It is also accessible to professional students in programs such as public policy, public health, business, and law.
Health Economics, second edition: Kenneth Arrow And The Changing Economics Of Health Care (The\mit Press Ser. #5)
by Frank A. Sloan Chee-Ruey HsiehThe new edition of a textbook that combines economic concepts with empirical evidence, updated with material on the Affordable Care Act and other developments.This book introduces students to the growing research field of health economics. Rather than offer details about health systems without providing a theoretical context, Health Economics combines economic concepts with empirical evidence to enhance readers' economic understanding of how health care institutions and markets function. The theoretical and empirical approaches draw heavily on the general field of applied microeconomics, but the text moves from the individual and firm level to the market level to a macroeconomic view of the role of health and health care within the economy as a whole. The book takes a global perspective, with description and analysis of institutional features of health sectors in countries around the world. This second edition has been updated to include material on the U.S. Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, material on the expansion of health insurance in Massachusetts, and an evaluation of Oregon's Medicaid expansion via lottery. The discussion of health care and health insurance in China has been substantially revised to reflect widespread changes there. Tables and figures have been updated with newly available data. Also new to this edition is a discussion of the health economics literature published between 2010 and 2015. The text includes readings, extensive references, review and discussion questions, and exercises. A student solutions manual offers solutions to selected exercises. Downloadable supplementary material is available for instructors.
Health Economics (Sixth Edition)
by Charles E. Phelps<p>Can we really use economic thinking to understand our health care system? Health Economics, now in its sixth edition, not only shows how this is done, but also provides the tools to analyze the economic behavior of patients and providers in health care markets. <p>Health Economics combines current economic theory, recent research, and up-to-date empirical studies into a comprehensive overview of the field. Key changes to this edition include: <p> <li>additional discussion of the consequences of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (PPACA), in light of current political changes; <li>an extensive discussion of quality measures; <li>more discussion of preventive services; <li>a new section on drug markets and regulation; <li>discussion of Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs); <li>new references, problem sets, and an updated companion website with lecture slides. <p> <p>Designed for use in upper-division undergraduate economics studies, the book is suitable for students and lecturers in health economics, microeconomics, public health policy and practice, and health and society. It is also accessible to professional students in programs such as public policy, public health, business, and law.</p>
Health Equity in Hospital Medicine: Foundations, Populations, and Action
by Sujatha SankaranHospital-based physicians are privy to some of the most meaningful moments of people’s lives, including life-changing diagnoses, pivotal medical procedures, complex medical decisions, and critical end-of-life decisions. Yet, hospitalists have no framework for how to incorporate the varied social factors that impact care such as race, gender identity, cultural background, immigration status, sexual orientation, primary language, housing status, and poverty into clinical decision-making. As hospital physicians, we may use interpreters for our limited English proficiency patients, or try to incorporate questions about cultural practices into our admission histories, or even ask our patients about the ways in which they feel racism has affected their care, but these practices are inconsistently applied and lack a systematic framework for ensuring that the hospital care we provide is truly equitable. In my own practice as a hospital-based physician, I can recall scores of hospitalized patients where we tried hard to provide equitable care, but fell short. I remember the Spanish-speaking patient with multiple comorbidities who received neurosurgery and was on the road to recovery on an acute care unit, when on day three, he complained of vague abdominal discomfort and ended up dying of a perforated bowel. No interpreter was used by the team to fully delve into the details of the pain he was experiencing. I remember the young Black patient with terminal malignancy who had multiple repeated conversations with physicians recommending hospice care but refused until he saw a physician who was able to explain hospice within the context of racism that has historically defined clinical care for Black people, and was able to present hospice not as a way to hasten death but rather as a way to live the remainder of his days in comfort. I remember the elderly Pakistani female patient whose demanding son antagonized staff and clinicians alike until he was banned from visiting because of his aggressiveness with staff and whose inability to visit his mother caused her extreme distress as she felt that she had lost the unique voice that only her oldest son could provide. Imagine if the hospital physicians in these cases had a resource to help them provide care that is culturally humble, that goes beyond just speaking in the patient’s first language but that also includes active listening and truly takes into consideration the life experiences and culture that have made this patient who they are. This is what this book will provide for hospital medicine physicians, a framework to help hospital physicians deeply incorporate social factors into the care they provide.
Health Experts in the Media, Volume 2: Between Legitimacy and Controversy
by Laurence Corroy Christelle Chauzal-Larguier Aurélie PourrezTraditionally, health experts are called upon mainly by public authorities and academic circles. In recent years, however, thanks to the proliferation of media, 24-hour news channels and digital offerings, there is a growing demand for expert opinions on various health issues. Expert knowledge can, of course, come from doctors and scientists, however it is not limited to them. Patient associations, caregiver circles, patient influencers, YouTubers and specialist journalists are speaking out, which raises questions concerning the place of the "expert" and the nature of their expertise. Health Experts in the Media examines health experts’ place in the media in order to define the complexity of their role, question their legitimacy and better understand the controversies they generate. This book analyzes how expert discourse in the media can raise major scientific, democratic and political issues.
Health for All Policies: The Co-Benefits of Intersectoral Action (European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies)
by Scott L. Greer Michelle Falkenbach Josep Figueras Matthias WismarFactors outside of healthcare services determine our health and this involves many different sectors. Health for All Policies changes the argument about inter-sectoral action, from one focusing on health and the health sector to one based on co-benefits – a 'Health for All Policies' approach. It uses the Sustainable Development Goals as the framework for identifying goals across sectors and summarizes evidence along two causal axes. One is the impact of improved health status on other SDGs, e.g. better educational and employment results. The other is the impact of health systems and policies on other sectors. The 'Health for All Policies' approach advocated in this book is thus a call to improve health to achieve goals beyond health and for the health sector itself to do better in understanding and directing its impact on the world beyond the healthcare it provides. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.
The Health Hazard Evaluation Program at NIOSH: Reviews of Research Programs of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
by National Research Council Institute of Medicine of the National AcademiesIt is the unique mission of the Health Hazard Evaluation Program within the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) to respond to requests to investigate potential occupational health hazards. In contrast to other NIOSH programs, the Health Hazard Evaluation Program is not primarily a research program. Rather, it investigates and provides advice to workplaces in response to requests from employers, employees and their representatives, and federal agencies. The National Research Council was charged with evaluating the NIOSH Health Hazard Evaluation Program and determining whether program activities resulted in improvements in workplace practices and decreases in hazardous exposures that cause occupational illnesses. The program was found to play a key role in addressing existing widespread or emerging occupational health issues. This book makes several recommendations that could improve a very strong program including more systematic use of surveillance data to facilitate priority setting, and greater interaction with a broader array of workers, industries, and other government agencies.
Health, Hope, and Healing for All: Toward More Equitable and Affordable Healthcare
by Eugene A. WoodsOne of America&’s top healthcare leaders offers a prescription to fix an ailing and inequitable healthcare system In Health, Hope, and Healing for All, Eugene A. Woods, CEO of Advocate Health, one of the largest non-profit health systems in the nation, provides a riveting behind-the-scenes look at healthcare in the United States. By sharing his insights from three decades in healthcare administration, as well as his personal journey, readers gain a deeper understanding of the challenges facing healthcare systems and the impact on all of us. Woods sheds light on the inequities our communities face, especially in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and presents actionable prescriptions to create a more equitable, just and accessible healthcare system. He tackles tough questions around the affordability of healthcare, rising drug prices, alarming clinical shortages and more. As a Black healthcare CEO, Woods shares his personal experiences with injustice and charts a path towards meaningful change. His optimistic outlook and passion for transformation and innovation inspire readers to believe in the power of unity and resilience in the face of adversity.Health, Hope, and Healing for All is a must-read for those working in healthcare, policymakers, and individuals seeking hope and answers in an uncertain healthcare landscape. Supported by Woods' expertise and credibility, the book presents real solutions to the current crisis and highlights the urgent need to ensure accessible, affordable and compassionate healthcare for every American.
Health in the City: Race, Poverty, and the Negotiation of Women’s Health in New York City, 1915–1930 (Culture, Labor, History #9)
by Tanya HartShortly after the dawn of the twentieth century, the New York City Department of Health decided to address what it perceived as the racial nature of health. It delivered heavily racialized care in different neighborhoods throughout the city: syphillis treatment among African Americans, tuberculosis for Italian Americans, and so on. It was a challenging and ambitious program, dangerous for the providers, and troublingly reductive for the patients. Nevertheless, poor and working-class African American, British West Indian, and Southern Italian women all received some of the nation's best health care during this period. Health in the City challenges traditional ideas of early twentieth-century urban black health care by showing a program that was simultaneously racialized and cutting-edge. It reveals that even the most well-meaning public health programs may inadvertently reinforce perceptions of inferiority that they were created to fix.
Health Informatics: Translating Information into Innovation (Translational Systems Sciences #24)
by Hironobu MatsushitaThis book is the first to approach healthcare informatics from the perspective of innovation. Drawing on the unique pairing of information and innovation, it offers an analysis to help readers rethink information technology, knowledge management, interprofessional collaboration and the generation of wisdom in the context of healthcare.The concept of “translational” research stems from the medical and health sciences, and features bidirectional and recursive information-generation processes involving bed-to-bench and bench-to-bed approaches. Based partly on this, translational systems science has become a new trend within systems sciences, motivated by the need for practical applications that help people by offering holistic systems solutions for complex ideas. Today, numerous innovations are emerging in diversified clinical practices, and there has been a remarkable convergence of new technologies in disciplines like genome therapy, immunotherapy, iPS cells, imaging diagnosis, personalized medicine, molecular targeted drugs, surgical robots, and remote nursing. Innovation is also occurring in health management fields, including health records, insurance reimbursement methods, quality control, and safety. In these areas, big data and machine learning are accelerating innovation. Behind these innovations are the creation, sharing, bridging, and translation of data, information, knowledge, and wisdom, and as such health informatics is critical in promoting health innovations.The book explores the horizons of health informatics, introducing cutting-edge practical cases and theoretical frameworks, including but not limited to fields such as big data, machine learning, drug discovery, interprofessional collaboration, electronic health records, robotics, telenursing, quality improvement, and safety.
Health Informatics: Multidisciplinary Approaches for Current and Future Professionals (HIMSS Book Series)
by Salvatore Volpe"True wellness innovation requires the recruitment of multi-disciplinary participants. This book breaks the mold with examples from healthcare experts and other professionals who have leveraged informatics to better the lives of their constituents." — Jason Helgerson, Founder & CEO, Helgerson Solutions Group LLC Developed for those training in academic centers as well as for those already "out in the field," this book looks at how attorneys, behavioral health experts, business development experts, chief information officers, chief medical officers, chief nursing information officers, consumer advocates, cryptographic experts, futurists, geneticists, informaticists, managed care executives, nurses, pharmacists, physicians, public health professionals, software developers, systems security officers, and workforce experts are collaborating on a "team-based," IT-enabled approach to improve healthcare.
Health Informatics in the Cloud
by Mark L. BraunsteinDespite its high cost, the US healthcare system produces relatively short life spans, and is wasteful, inefficient and has serious safety and quality issues. While other industries have surmounted similar challenges by transforming themselves through information technology, healthcare lags behind. Major reasons are that our approaches to care delivery and financial incentives were designed for a bygone era. Beyond that the technology offered to practitioners has often been overly expensive, poorly designed, overly proprietary, hard to implement and difficult to use. Spurred by a unique, one-time Federal stimulus and the new mobile, wireless and cloud technologies now available, this landscape is rapidly changing. To succeed going forward practitioners, and those interested in entering the field, need to understand the new driving forces and have a basic understanding of contemporary clinical informatics. Practitioners, in particular, need to understand the alternative technologies and approaches available for their use in individual patient care and more continuous management of their chronic disease patients. To efficiently meet these needs, this book provides an introduction to the rationale for care transformation through clinical informatics; its application to patient care outside of hospitals; and a look at its future. Key points are illustrated throughout by actual examples of open source and commercial health IT products and services. While written with practitioners and students entering the field of clinical informatics in mind, the book eschews technical terminology and is easily accessible by the lay reader not proficient in clinical medicine or information technology.
Health Informatics on FHIR: How HL7's New API is Transforming Healthcare
by Mark L. BraunsteinThis textbook begins with an introduction to the US healthcare delivery system, its many systemic challenges and the prior efforts to develop and deploy informatics tools to help overcome those problems. It goes on to discuss health informatics from an historical perspective, its current state and its likely future state now that electronic health record systems are widely deployed, the HL7 Fast Healthcare Interoperability standard is being rapidly accepted as the means to access the data stored in those systems and analytics is increasing being used to gain new knowledge from that aggregated clinical data. It then turns to some of the important and evolving areas of informatics including population and public health, mHealth and big data and analytics. Use cases and case studies are used in all of these discussions to help readers connect the technologies to real world challenges. Effective use of informatics systems and tools by providers and their patients is key to improving the quality, safety and cost of healthcare. With health records now digital, no effective means has existed for sharing them with patients, among the multiple providers who may care for them and for important secondary uses such as public/population health and research. This problem is a topic of congressional discussion and is addressed by the 21st Century Cures Act of 2016 that mandates that electronic health record (EHR) systems offer a patient-facing API. HL7’s Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources (FHIR) is that API and this is the first comprehensive treatment of the technology and the many ways it is already being used. FHIR is based on web technologies and is thus a far more facile, easy to implement approach that is rapidly gaining acceptance. It is also the basis for a ‘universal health app platform’ that literally has the potential to foster innovation around the data in patient records similar to the app ecosystems smartphones created around the data they store. FHIR app stores have already been opened by Epic and Cerner, the two largest enterprise EHR vendors. Provider facing apps are already being explored to improve EHR usability and support personalized medicine. Medicare and the Veteran’s Administration have announced FHIR app platforms for their patients. Apple’s new IOS 11.3 features the ability for consumers to aggregate their health records on their iPhone using FHIR. Health insurance companies are exploring applications of FHIR to improve service and communication with their providers and patients. SureScripts, the national e-Prescribing network, is using FHIR to help doctors know if their patients are complying with prescriptions. This textbook is for introductory health informatics courses for computer science and health sciences students (e.g. doctors, nurses, PhDs), the current health informatics community, IT professionals interested in learning about the field and practicing healthcare providers. Though this textbook covers an important new technology, it is accessible to non-technical readers including healthcare providers, their patients or anyone interested in the use of healthcare data for improved care, public/population health or research.
Health Information: Management of a Strategic Resource (4th Edition)
by Mervat Abdelhak Sara Grostick Mary Alice HankenWritten for use in Health Information Management courses within the HIA curriculum, this text emphasizes the deployment of information technology and the role of the HIM professional in the development of the electronic health record.
The Health Information Exchange Formation Guide: The Authoritative Guide for Planning and Forming an HIE in Your State, Region or Community (HIMSS Book Series)
by Laura Kolkman Bob BrownWinner of HIMSS 2011 Book of the Year Award!The HIMSS Book of the Year Award honors a book that offers outstanding practical guidance and/or strategic insight for healthcare information and management systems professionals. "The electronic exchange of health information is an essential capability that contributes to improved efficiency and patient outcomes in the healthcare delivery process. This book provides readers with the tools and resources needed to establish a successful, sustainable HIE and avoid many of the pitfalls that failed early initiatives. The authors use their own direct experience as HIE consultants, their interviews with HIE leaders and extensive research to offer a practical, step-by-step approach to forming an HIE. The book features case studies, examples, checklists, references, a high-level history and overview of HIE and a discussion of why HIE is so important. The book also describes in detail the essential steps to planning and forming a successful HIE. By providing the necessary tools and framework, the book serves to advance the successful development of HIEs and improve efficiency and outcomes in the healthcare delivery process. During a time of unprecedented change in the healthcare landscape, this guide is a timely and valuable resource for those seeking to leverage HIE to achieve quality gains and billions of dollars in saving under healthcare reform."
Health Information Management: Integrating Information and Communication Technology in Health Care Work
by Marc BergIn almost all Western countries, concerted efforts are made to stimulate the use of information and communication technology (ICT) in health care. Yet the number of success stories are few and the frustrations many. In this key textbook, readers are introduced to the challenges, the lessons learned and the new insights of health information management at the start of the twenty-first century. With a strong international orientation, a comparative approach and a critical eye on many traditional information management views, the book illustrates key developments by drawing on examples from many different countries. Topics covered include: * Patient Care Information Systems* Integrating Quality Improvement* Information Strategy* Implementing Information SystemsFeaturing case studies and an overall practitioner's perspective, this key textbook combines theoretical backgrounds and starting points with practice-oriented guidelines and advice on the best methods for bringing these ideas to the challenges of everyday health care management. Original and refreshing, this textbook is essential reading for students of health care management and health care practitioners alike.
Health Information Management Technology An Applied Approach 5th Edition
by Leslie L. Gordon Nanette B. SaylesCreates a blueprint for success in the health information management (HIM) field. Chapter content is expanded in the fifth edition to prepare students for transitional and changing roles in an electronic health information environment. All chapters are updated to reflect current HIM trends, practices, standards, and legal issues. Written by distinguished leaders in the field, this book guides students through two-year academic programs in preparation for the Registered Health Information Technician (RHIT) certification exam and beyond
Health Information Technology
by Nadinia A. Davis Melissa LaCourReflecting emerging trends in today’s health information management, Health Information Technology, 3rd Edition covers everything from electronic health records and collecting healthcare data to coding and compliance. It prepares you for a role as a Registered Health Information Technician, one in which you not only file and keep accurate records but serve as a healthcare analyst who translates data into useful, quality information that can control costs and further research. This edition includes new full-color illustrations and easy access to definitions of daunting terms and acronyms. Written by expert educators Nadinia Davis and Melissa LaCour, this book also offers invaluable preparation for the HIT certification exam.
Health Information Technology Evaluation Handbook: From Meaningful Use to Meaningful Outcome (HIMSS Book Series)
by Vitaly Herasevich, MD, PhD, MSc Brian W. Pickering, MD, MScGovernments and clinical providers are investing billions of dollars in health information technologies. This is being done with the expectation that HIT adoption will translate into healthier patients experiencing better care at lower cost. As the first wave of adoption comes to an end, stakeholders are ready to evaluate the results of their investment and make decisions about future directions. As a result, structured evaluations of a projects impact are an essential element of the justification for investment in HIT. This book provides an easy-to-read reference outlining the basic concepts, theory, and methods required to perform a systematic evaluation of HIT.
Health Information Technology Evaluation Handbook: From Meaningful Use to Meaningful Outcomes (HIMSS Book Series)
by Vitaly Herasevich, MD, PhD, MSc Brian W. Pickering, MD, MScGovernments and clinical providers are investing billions of dollars in health information technologies (HIT). This is being done with the expectation that HIT adoption will translate into healthier patients experiencing better care at lower cost. In the initial push to roll out HIT, the reliability of these claims was often not substantiated by systematic evaluation and testing. As the first wave of widespread adoption of HIT comes to an end and the next wave begins, it is more important than ever that stakeholders evaluate the results of their investment, evaluate their success (or failure), and make decisions about future directions. Structured evaluations of a project’s impact are an essential element of the justification for investment in HIT. A systematic approach to evaluation and testing should allow for comparison between different HIT interventions with the goal of identifying and promoting those which improve clinical care or other outcomes of interest. The question of the day is no longer "why perform evaluations," but "how to perform evaluations." This updated book provides an easy-to-read reference outlining the basic concepts, theory, and methods required to perform a systematic evaluation of HIT. Chapters cover key domains of HIT evaluation: study structure and design, measurement fundamentals, results analysis, communicating results, guidelines development, and reference standards. Updated case studies and examples are included demonstrating the successes or failures of these investments. The authors also include new initiatives put in place by the government and discuss how they are being adopted and used by health systems.
Health Insurance
by Michael MorriseyRather than focus on the day-to-day operations of insurers, Health Insurance looks in from the outside and explains the role that private health insurance plays in the United States. Noted health economist Michael Morrisey presents a rigorous but intuitive examination of the issues raised by insurance and how the market and the government have dealt with these issues. His emphasis is on understanding the underlying problems from an economics perspective and then applying the empirical literature to provide insight into the impact and effectiveness of the solutions. As such, this book serves as a basis for understanding and predicting the effects of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA). This updated edition includes new chapters covering the ACA and the structure, conduct, and performance of the insurance market. Additional resources in each chapter include recent research articles and classic insurance papers that give readers further information on each topic.