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Lexar Media: The Digital Photography Company?
by Emily Thompson Mary TripsasExamines growth options for a start-up that has parlayed its core technology in flash memory controllers into a rapidly growing position in the emerging digital photography industry. The new CEO must decide whether LexarMedia should maintain its identity as a digital photography company and pursue market-driven growth by extending its photography presence, or pursue technology-driven growth by applying Lexar's technology in emerging markets such as USB flash drives and MP3 players. Key learnings include: managing new industry creation, managing start-up growth, and the role of firm identity in guiding strategy.
A Lexicon of Economics (Social Science Lexicons #1)
by Phyllis Deane Jessica KuperAn invaluable work which serves as an introduction to the subject and as a reference for all those who need to remain up-to-date with economic thinking.
The Lexicon of Labor: More Than 500 Key Terms, Biographical Sketches, and Historical Insights Concerning Labor in America
by R. Emmett MurrayA thoroughly updated edition of the clever, fun-to-read compilation of union language and lore. &“Worth reading aloud while walking the picket line.&” —The Seattle Times First published in 1998, The Lexicon of Labor found a large and appreciative following among readers who were grateful to have the vibrant, powerful language of the labor movement captured in a lively single volume. This long-awaited revised and updated edition includes dozens of new terms and developments that will introduce a new generation to the labor lexicon. From Frederick Douglass to César Chávez, from the Haymarket Riots in 1886 to the Change to Win federation formed in 2005, this classic labor lexicon provides concise, enlightening sketches of over five hundred key places, people, and events in American labor history. A practical resource for students and journalists, The Lexicon of Labor is as entertaining for longtime union members seeking to get reacquainted with the traditions of the movement as it is for newcomers wishing to discover the unique language and history of unionism. The Lexicon of Labor also includes explanations of major legislative acts, definitions of key legal terminology, and complete listings of all the member unions of the AFL-CIO and independent unions in the United States. It is the perfect introduction to the history of labor in America. &“A handy reference for individuals who want an introduction to U.S. labor terminology and labor history.&” —Library Journal &“Fills a longstanding void . . . by far the largest compilation of definitions of words and phrases used in the specialized vocabulary of unionists.&” —Northwest Labor Press
A Lexicon of Social Well-Being
by Luigino BruniWe must quickly learn how to live well in the world as it is today, including the realm of work. We need to learn a new vocabulary of economics and markets that is more suitable to understand the present world and that is likely to offer us the tools to act, and perhaps improve it as well.
Lexon Corp. (A)
by Lynn Sharp PaineA general manager at Lexon Computer Corp. must decide whether interception and surveillance of employees' e-mail is acceptable company practice, and whether to follow the advice of his computer operations manager who wants to fire the person who complained that the practice violates employees' privacy. The case introduces the topic of employee privacy in the electronic communications environment and potential conflicts between employees' privacy interest and employers' property interests. This case series permits students to compare and contrast the perspectives and modes of reasoning of managers, judges, and policy-makers as they approach the question of employee privacy in the electronic work environment.
Lexoo: Building a Long-Lasting Platform
by Elena Corsi Chiara FarronatoLexoo, a UK-based online marketplace for legal services, was facing the strategic choice of how to grow from early start-up to mature platform. Daniel van Binsbergen, Lexoo's CEO, and web developer Chris O'Sullivan, CTO, had set up Lexoo to help Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) to find legal advice at low prices. At the time of the case in 2018, Lexoo had just started attracting larger companies in need of specialized legal advice as new customers. Larger companies had higher value and more frequent needs. Lexoo could become their "go-to" place across a broad range of legal services. Nevertheless, larger companies also required a more personalized approach and were more difficult to acquire than SMEs. Van Binsbergen and O'Sullivan were debating whether Lexoo should diversify to serve both SMEs and larger companies, or whether to pivot their focus toward larger companies altogether.
Lexoo: Building a Long-Lasting Platform (Abridged)
by Elena Corsi Chiara FarronatoLexoo, a UK-based online marketplace for legal services, was facing the strategic choice of how to grow from early start-up to mature platform. Daniel van Binsbergen, Lexoo's CEO, and web developer Chris O'Sullivan, CTO, had set up Lexoo to help Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises (SMEs) to find legal advice at low prices. At the time of the case in 2018, Lexoo had just started attracting larger companies in need of specialized legal advice as new customers. Larger companies had higher value and more frequent needs. Lexoo could become their "go-to" place across a broad range of legal services. Nevertheless, larger companies also required a more personalized approach and were more difficult to acquire than SMEs. Van Binsbergen and O'Sullivan were debating whether Lexoo should diversify to serve both SMEs and larger companies, or whether to pivot their focus toward larger companies altogether.
Lexus
by Chester C. Dawson IIIA behind-the-scenes look at Lexus's surprising twenty-year success story--in a revised new edition In the 1980s, German brands BMW and Mercedes-Benz dominated the luxury car market and had little reason to fear competition from Japan. But in 1989, Toyota entered the market with the Lexus LS 400, a car that could compete with the Germans in every category but price--it was US$30,000 cheaper. Within two years, Lexus had overtaken Mercedes-Benz in the United States and made a stunning success of Toyota's brave foray into the global luxury market. Lexus: The Relentless Pursuit reveals why Toyota decided to take on the German automakers and how the new brand won praise and success for its unparalleled quality, unforgettable advertising, and unprecedented customer service. From the first boardroom planning session to Lexus's entry into the mega-luxury supercar market, this is the complete and compelling story of one of the world's most admired brands. Includes a new Foreword by legendary designer Erwin Lui, an Afterword with updates since the first edition, and a new Coda by leading Japanese automotive journalist Hisao Inoue Covers the racetrack triumph--and tragedy--behind the new US$375,000 Lexus LFA supercar Offers important business lessons for brand managers and executives For car enthusiasts, business leaders, and anyone interested in branding and marketing, Lexus: The Relentless Pursuit offers an amazing story of excellence and innovation in the automotive industry.
The Lexus and the Olive Tree: Understanding Globalization
by Thomas L. FriedmanFrom one of our most perceptive commentators and winner of the National Book Award, a comprehensive look at the new world of globalization, the international system that, more than anything else, is shaping world affairs today. As the Foreign Affairs columnist for The New York Times, Thomas L. Friedman has traveled the globe, interviewing people from all walks of contemporary life: Brazilian peasants in the Amazon rain forest, new entrepreneurs in Indonesia, Islamic students in Teheran, and the financial wizards on Wall Street and in Silicon Valley. Now Friedman has drawn on his years on the road to produce an engrossing and original look at globalization. Globalization, he argues, is not just a phenomenon and not just a passing trend. It is the international system that replaced the Cold War system; the new, well-greased, interconnected system: Globalization is the integration of capital, technology, and information across national borders, in a way that is creating a single global market and, to some degree, a global village. Simply put, one can't possibly understand the morning news or one's own investments without some grasp of the system. Just one example: During the Cold War, we reached for the hot line between the White House and the Kremlin--a symbol that we were all divided but at least the two superpowers were in charge. In the era of globalization, we reach for the Internet--a symbol that we are all connected but nobody is totally in charge. With vivid stories and a set of original terms and concepts, Friedman offers readers remarkable access to his unique understanding of this new world order, and shows us how to see this new system. He dramatizes the conflict of "the Lexus and the olive tree"--the tension between the globalization system and ancient forces of culture, geography, tradition, and community. He also details the powerful backlash that globalization produces among those who feel brutalized by it, and he spells out what we all need to do to keep the system in balance. Finding the proper balance between the Lexus and the olive tree is the great drama of he globalization era, and the ultimate theme of Friedman's challenging, provocative book--essential reading for all who care about how the world really works.
Lezioni di imprenditoria da Bill Gates
by Michael Winicott Stefano VazzolaBill Gates è un'icona del mondo moderno. È d'ispirazione per i giovani e un monito per gli anziani. Ha raggiunto vette di successo e gloria che solo pochi sono riusciti a ottenere nelle loro vite. Vale davvero la pena leggere e imparare dalla storia della sua vita. Lezioni di imprenditoria da Bill Gates è un'opera che vi illustrerà la storia della vita di Bill Gates da una prospettiva diversa: le lezioni che ha imparato nella vita. Lezioni di imprenditoria da Bill Gates vi farà proseguire trepidanti nel racconto e resterà con voi anche dopo avere concluso la lettura. Vi renderà persone migliori mentre imparate passo dopo passo gli insegnamenti della vita di Bill Gates. Quando vi troverete di fronte a un problema simile nella vostra vita, saprete come farvi fronte e superare ciò che sembrava un ostacolo insormontabile. Allora siete pronti a imparare dalla vita di Bill Gates? Vi interessa apprendere nozioni commerciali e di imprenditoria? E anche più importante, siete pronti a imparare qualcosa sulla vita? Immergetevi nella lettura di Lezioni di imprenditoria da Bill Gates e iniziate subito a imparare!
LGBT Issues at Exxon Mobil Corporation
by Joseph L. Badaracco Jr. Matthew PrebleIn late September 2013, Exxon Mobil Corporation announced that it would begin offering benefits to the spouses of its employees in same-sex marriages. This short supplement touches upon what led Exxon Mobil to this decision, some insights into its previous relationship with the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) community, and its standing on LGBT issues relative to its peers in the oil and gas sector and the Fortune 500.
Li & Fung 2006
by F. Warren Mcfarlan Tracy Yuen Manty William C. KirbyDescribes the opportunities and strategy facing one of the most innovative global supply-chain companies, and the strategy it has chosen to deal with the expanding demand for its services. Li & Fung links thousands of factories in India, China, and elsewhere to nearly a thousand large retailers, primarily in the U.S. and Europe. It basically does the supply-chain job faster and more accurately with the aid of a sophisticated information system than anyone else.
Li & Fung 2012
by Michael Shih-ta Chen F. Warren Mcfarlan Keith Chi-ho WongMidway through its current three-year plan, Li & Fung stop to assess the path it is taking in extending its distribution network business in Asia.
Li & Fung (A): Beyond
by Michael Y. Yoshino Anthony St. GeorgeIn early 1998, William and Victor Fung had to review their business, the Li & Fung Group, to plan for the next three years. Examines strategic and organizational issues including company culture, international expansion, and venture capital projects. A rewritten version of an earlier case.
Li & Fung (Trading) Ltd.
by Gary W. Loveman Jamie O'ConnellLi & Fung, one of the largest export trading companies in Asia, works primarily as an agent to connect U.S. and European manufacturers and retailers of nondurable, mass-market consumer goods with suppliers located all over East Asia who manufacture products according customer designs. Li & Fung's network of 2,000 suppliers in over a dozen countries is one of its most important competitive assets. This network consists of relationships with suppliers and knowledge of their capabilities and strengths. The network provides a number of benefits to customers, the most important being a wide variety of manufacturing options that differ by price, quality, and delivery time. Li & Fung's trading operations are organized into largely-independent, customer-focused divisions aided by regional branch offices. Its internal structure and incentives (especially compensation) are designed to motivate staff to customize service to each customer and to use the entire network to place each customer order with the supplier that most closely fits customer requirements. This design is especially important because of trading's low margins.
Li Ka-Shing and the Growth of Cheung Kong
by Nitin Nohria Mark Benson Anthony J. MayoEvents in the history of Cheung Kong's growth reveal how Li Ka-Shing applied his skills as a "first-class noticer" to complex political and socioeconomic environments. While Li's determination to succeed is legendary, so are his skills in reading and responding to the policies and norms of the People's Republic of China, British colonial Hong Kong, and the post-World War II international system. Since Li became the taipan of Hutchison Whampoa in the late 1970s, he has adjusted his ownership shares in a vast portfolio of businesses-including ports, energy, real estate, retail, telecommunications, and new media. Illustrates how Li applied his business acumen and his ability as a first-class noticer to decisions about raising or lowering his stake in these businesses, and whether to acquire new ones. After starting Cheung Kong Inc. in 1950, at age 21, Li built upon his knowledge and contacts in the plastics industry to become Hong Kong's King of Plastic Flowers. In the 1960s, amid political turmoil and labor unrest on both the mainland and in colonial Hong Kong, Li purchased rights to properties on Hong Kong island that were selling at distressed rates. Li's successes in industry and real estate continued, and he cultivated contacts and built a strong reputation that set the stage for his purchase of the hong Hutchinson Whampoa, thereby becoming the first Chinese taipan. As taipan, Li reorganized and reallocated his various financial holdings in the 1980s and 1990s as conditions were in flux due to the Westernization of China after Deng Xiaoping succeeded Mao Zedong, and amid concerns about the transfer of Hong Kong from Britain back to China in 1997.
Li Ning--Anything is Possible
by Luc WathieuA leading sporting goods company in China competes aggressively against global brands Nike and Adidas, with marketing strategies adapted to geographic segments. In the main cities, where competition takes place at a very conceptual level, Li Ning has chosen to adopt a very controversial "oriental theme" for its brand, while becoming at the same time a major sponsor of international athletes of the highest caliber.
Liabilities and Time
by William J. Bruns Jr.An introduction to accounting for liabilities. Both current liabilities and long-term debts are described, and illustrations of bond interest calculations and financial reporting formats are included.
The Liability Century: Insurance and Tort Law from the Progressive Era to 9/11
by Kenneth S. AbrahamKenneth Abraham explores the development and interdependency of the tort liability regime and the insurance system in the United States during the twentieth century and beyond, including the events of September 11, 2001.From its beginning late in the nineteenth century, the availability of liability insurance led to the creation of new forms of liability, heavily influenced expansion of the liabilities that already existed, and continually promoted increases in the amount of money that was awarded in tort suits. A “liability-and-insurance spiral” emerged, in which the availability of liability insurance encouraged the imposition of more liability, and, in turn, the imposition of liability encouraged the further spread of insurance.Liability insurance was not merely a source of funding for ever-greater amounts of tort liability. Liability insurers came to dominate tort litigation. They defended lawsuits against their policyholders, and they decided which cases to settle, fight, or appeal. The very idea behind insurance––that spreading losses among large numbers of policyholders is desirable––came to influence the ideology of tort law. To serve the aim of loss spreading, liability had to expand.Today the tort liability and insurance systems constantly interact, and to reform one the role of the other must be fully understood.
Liability-Driven Investment: From Analogue to Digital, Pensions to Robo-Advice (Wiley Finance)
by Dan Tammas-HastingsUnderstand the investment template that dominates the pension industry Liability-Driven Investment is the practitioner’s guide to this increasingly popular investment template. Already the dominant framework for pension schemes in Europe and the UK, the LDI market is expected to grow significantly with the shift from Defined Benefit to Defined Contribution, and then into Digital Asset Management — or Robo-Advice. With an aging population and significant under-saving globally, more and more finance professionals will need to know how to work within and around the LDI framework; this book provides clear explanations for the framework’s usefulness and growing popularity to help practitioners find their bearings in and around the LDI space. The ultimate goal of LDI is to move beyond simple asset value maximisation and ensure that investors have sufficient funds to pay liabilities. This informative guide digs into that basic premise to show the various mechanisms, guidelines and practices that make up the framework’s “working parts.” Discover the optimal investment strategies in multiple assets classes Understand the key characteristics of the instruments used, including bonds, interest rate derivatives, and inflation linked products Learn why pension companies and individual investors are moving toward LDI Explore the ways in which the explosive growth of Robo-Advice will change retail investment Finance professionals have long been accustomed to shifting landscapes — it is taken as a given that prevailing thought and attendant practices will change over time — but the rapid expansion of LDI has taken many by surprise. Having already been established as the dominant framework for pensions, it is clear that the emphasis on LDI will only continue to grow. Liability-Driven Investment tells you what you need to know in order to work effectively with LDI.
Liability Management at General Motors
by Peter TufanoAn analyst at General Motors charged with managing the structure of the automaker's debt must decide whether and how to modify the interest rate exposure of the firm's most recent debt offering. The analyst must take into consideration GM's liability management policy guidelines, the firm's existing interest rate exposure, his expectations of interest rates, and the wide range of interest rate products available. He must decide whether to leave the fixed-rate instrument unchanged or to enter into a swap, cap, interest rate option, or swap option transaction.
Liability of Corporate Groups and Networks (International Corporate Law and Financial Market Regulation)
by Christian A. WittingWhat happens when a corporate subsidiary or network company is unable to pay personal injury victims in full? This book sets out to tackle the 'insolvent entity problem', especially as it arises in cases of mass wrongdoing such as those involving asbestos exposure and defective pharmaceuticals. After discussing the nature of corporate groups and networks from the perspectives of business history, organisation studies, and social theory, the book assesses a range of rules and proposed rules for extending liability for personal injuries beyond insolvent entities. New proposals are put for an exception to the rule of limited liability and for the development of a flexible new tort based on conspiracy that encompasses not only control-based relationships but also horizontal coordination between companies. The book concludes with a general discussion of lessons learned from debates about extended liability and provides guidelines for the development of new liability rules. Features a detailed proposal for the development of a statutory exception to limited liability applicable in cases of personal injury. Proposes development of the common law of conspiracy so as to create a new remedy where companies are in commercial agreements with another which is engaged in objectively reckless conduct. Assesses the law on group and network liability in leading common law jurisdictions to provide a better understanding of what gives corporate groups and networks their cohesion and why the law should be prepared to extend liability beyond the insolvent entity.
The Liability of the Holding Company for the Debts of its Insolvent Subsidiaries
by Andrew MuscatThis work deals with the liability of the holding company for the debts of its insolvent subsidiaries. In analyzing the current position under English law, the work challenges as outmoded and inadequate the virtual dogma that a holding company is not answerable for the debts of its insolvent subsidiaries. The study identifies four separate and distinct types of behavioural practices within corporate groups which may prejudice the interests of external creditors or otherwise constitute an abuse of the corporate form; the subservient subsidiary situation; the inadequately financed subsidiary situation; the integrated economic enterprise situation; and the group persona situation. After weighing the various arguments for and against a change in the law and concluding that reform is called for, the study proceeds to submit some radical proposals for reform. The basic thrust of the reform proposals is that in a number of well-defined situations entity law should give way to an enterprise analysis and holding company liability should be imposed for the debts of insolvent subsidiaries.
Liability Reporting
by Paul M. Healy Preeti ChoudharyBy examining key criteria for recognizing a liability, this case explores liability recognition in straightforward situations and then examines the most difficult reporting issues in recording liabilities. These often arise when: 1) uncertainty arises about whether an obligation has been incurred; or 2) measuring the value of the obligation is difficult.