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The League of Nations: Enduring Legacies of the First Experiment at World Organization (Global Institutions)
by M. Patrick CottrellThe League of Nations occupies a fascinating yet paradoxical place in human history. Over time, it’s come to symbolize both a path to peace and to war, a promising vision of world order and a utopian illusion, an artifact of a bygone era and a beacon for one that may still come. As the first experiment in world organization, the League played a pivotal, but often overlooked role in the creation of the United Nations and the modern architecture of global governance. In contrast to conventional accounts, which chronicle the institution’s successes and failures during the interwar period, Cottrell explores the enduring relevance of the League of Nations for the present and future of global politics. He asks: What are the legacies of the League experiment? How do they inform current debates on the health of global order and US leadership? Is there a "dark side" to these legacies? Cottrell demonstrates how the League of Nations’ soul continues to shape modern international relations, for better and for worse. Written in a manner accessible to students of international history, international relations and global politics, it will also be of interest to graduates and scholars.
Lean – Let’s Get It Right!: How to Build a Culture of Continuous Improvement
by David RizzardoLean – Let’s Get It Right!: How to Build a Culture of Continuous Improvement (978-0-367-42991-1, 340939) Shelving Guide: Business & Management / Lean Management This book addresses the root causes of why a majority of Lean transformations have not met expectations. More importantly, it provides the information needed to turn around the failure mechanisms and transform them into critical success factors. Lean – Let’s Get It Right! delves into the psychology of change and motivation and clarifies the roles and responsibility changes which are required for alignment with Lean principles. While the author includes a review of Lean principles, the majority of the book either provides more depth of understanding of the principles or highlights how misalignment can thwart Lean transformation efforts. What this provides is not only clarity, but it establishes a solid reference point or framework to guide the Lean strategy. The reader will begin to see how the principles are not simply a random set of characteristics or features of Lean, but are actually a set of fundamental beliefs on which all else is based. Though repeated throughout the book that an organization must develop the specifics of their own Lean roadmap, this book concludes with guidance on making it happen. This book, with its primary focus on people, leadership, and principles, and less so on the details of tools and techniques, can be thought of as providing the few critical missing puzzle pieces to enable an effective Lean transformation.
The Lean 3P Advantage: A Practitioner's Guide to the Production Preparation Process
by Allan R. ColettaHow do you take talented engineers and surround them with the elements needed to create brilliant designs that lead to market-changing products? Lean 3P is how.Winner of a 2013 Shingo Research and Professional Publication Award !Written from an operations perspective, The Lean 3P Advantage: A Practitioner‘s Guide to the Production Preparation Proce
Lean Accounting
by Joe StenzelPraise for Lean Accounting Best Practices for Sustainable Integration"Anyone involved in a lean transformation inevitably bumps up against the vagaries of the accounting systems that reward overproduction and waste and seem to punish true improvement. We wonder what would happen if the accountants actually came to the production floor and witnessed firsthand the havoc created by their systems. This volume gathers together some of the best thinkers to take a critical look at traditional cost accounting and defines a path forward to 'lean accounting.'"--Jeff Liker, Professor of Industrial and Operations Engineering, University of Michigan"Joe Stenzel has put together a timely compendium of writings from thought leaders in lean accounting. The viewpoints in this fine book are diverse and yet proclaim a consistent message: that conventional management accounting is broken--and here is how to fix it."--Richard J. Schonberger, President, Schonberger & Associates"If you are serious about understanding and implementing Lean Accounting in conjunction with your Lean Enterprise journey, this book will illuminate the specific techniques, but more importantly, will explain the cultural changes that are a prerequisite for success."--Jerry Solomon, Vice President of Operations, Hunt Valley, for MarquipWardUnited, a division of Barry-Wehmiller Companies, Inc.Insights and strategies from the most experienced lean accounting and performance measurement?practitioners in AmericaLearn how to integrate the proven lean methodologies embedded in the Toyota Production System with Lean Accounting: Best Practices for Sustainable Integration. In this comprehensive guide, leading accounting and performance measurement practitioners analyze the current business climate and provide CFOs and accounting/finance personnel with step-by-step guidelines to seamlessly and successfully integrate sustainable, lean accounting principles within their enterprise.Be a lean success story with Lean Accounting.
Lean Administration: Case Studies in Leadership and Improvement
by Association for Manufacturing ExcellenceAME's Target Magazine has a well-established reputation for detailed case studies of companies adopting lean strategies. These case studies are now available in a well-organized Enterprise Excellence Series, to tap the ongoing desire for information about what other companies are doing to implement lean. To satisfy the growing interest in applying lean to non-manufacturing operations, this first volume of the series covers the implementation of lean to administrative and office applications. Highlights include: Practical, in-depth description of lean office implementations, most of which have not been described in other publications. Responds to reader desire for real-world lean office information. Case Studies are categorized in three areas: Leadership, Organization and Training; Improving Processes; and Lean in Healthcare, making it easy to track down the type of information desired.
The Lean-Agile Dilemma: Product Management Inside a Chunky Corporate
by Katie TamblinOver the last decade, Lean-Agile principles have become the standard methodology by which product and technology teams operate. However, Lean-Agile was written for small companies seeking new markets to buy their innovative software products, not for an average corporation with a catalogue of existing software products that must be maintained and rebuilt. The typical tech-enabled business isn't a lean startup; it's a chunky corporate. This book offers an alternative software development methodology perfectly suited for chunky corporate product management. You’ll quickly find out how individual players in the corporate organization impact business performance. You’ll follow the story of Blake, a well-meaning but ultimately naive, CEO of a fictional company called Acme Tech. As he and Acme struggle to maintain business performance, it becomes apparent how embedded and complex his challenges are. Lean-Agile principles are regularly misapplied in the corporate environment, causing tension, missed deadlines, and inefficient working practices. You’ll see that managing software transformation at a large, mature business requires a new set of tools. Popular development methodologies are not well-suited for the replatforming exercises that chunky corporates inevitably face. This book helps product and technology leaders navigate software development projects at organizations grappling with the constraints of investor ownership. Chunky corporates have a lot going for them: The Lean-Agile Dilemma reveals that, when managed well, they have the potential to be safe havens in a relentlessly unstable world. You will: Understand how replatforming differs from new product development Learn how to manage existing data when updating or building new software Gain tools to prioritize items in your overstuffed product roadmap Who This Book is For Product managers, product owners, product leadership, tech leadership, and business leaders at mature tech-enabled businesses.
Lean AI: How Innovative Startups Use Artificial Intelligence to Grow
by Lomit PatelHow can startups successfully scale customer acquisition and revenue growth with a Lean team? Out-of-the-box acquisition solutions from Facebook, Google, and others provide a good start, but the companies that can tailor those solutions to meet their specific needs, objectives, and goals will come out winners. But that hasn’t been an easy task—until now.With this practical book, author Lomit Patel shows you how to use AI and automation to provide an operational layer atop those acquisition solutions to deliver amazing results for your company. You’ll learn how to adapt, customize, and personalize cross-channel user journeys to help your company attract and retain customers—to usher in the new age of Autonomous Marketing.Learn how AI and automation can support the customer acquisition efforts of a Lean startupDive into Customer Acquisition 3.0, an initiative for gaining and retaining customersExplore ways to use AI for marketing purposesUnderstand the key metrics for determining the growth of your startupDetermine the right strategy to foster user acquisition in your companyManage the increased complexity and risk inherent in AI projects
Lean Analytics: Use Data to Build a Better Startup Faster
by Alistair Croll Benjamin YoskovitzWhether you're a startup founder trying to disrupt an industry or an intrapreneur trying to provoke change from within, your biggest challenge is creating a product people actually want. Lean Analytics steers you in the right direction. This book shows you how to validate your initial idea, find the right customers, decide what to build, how to monetize your business, and how to spread the word. Packed with more than thirty case studies and insights from over a hundred business experts, Lean Analytics provides you with hard-won, real-world information no entrepreneur can afford to go without. Understand Lean Startup, analytics fundamentals, and the data-driven mindset Look at six sample business models and how they map to new ventures of all sizes Find the One Metric That Matters to you Learn how to draw a line in the sand, so you'll know it's time to move forward Apply Lean Analytics principles to large enterprises and established products
Lean Analytics
by Alistair Croll Benjamin YoskovitzWhether you're a startup founder trying to disrupt an industry or an entrepreneur trying to provoke change from within, your biggest challenge is creating a product people actually want. Lean Analytics steers you in the right direction.This book shows you how to validate your initial idea, find the right customers, decide what to build, how to monetize your business, and how to spread the word. Packed with more than thirty case studies and insights from over a hundred business experts, Lean Analytics provides you with hard-won, real-world information no entrepreneur can afford to go without.Understand Lean Startup, analytics fundamentals, and the data-driven mindsetLook at six sample business models and how they map to new ventures of all sizesFind the One Metric That Matters to youLearn how to draw a line in the sand, so you'll know it's time to move forwardApply Lean Analytics principles to large enterprises and established products
Lean and Agile Project Management: How to Make Any Project Better, Faster, and More Cost Effective
by Terra Vanzant Stern, PhDWhen project managers are faced with budget cuts and fewer resources, waste elimination becomes a priority in maintaining effectiveness. This does not mean shortening or abandoning traditional project cycles, though. In fact, fast results on critical assignments can only be completed with strong plans and a detailed work-breakdown structure. The connections, or lack thereof, are what strongly impact performance and quality. This book defines nine wastes found in project management and demonstrates how they can be addressed with lean technology.
Lean and Agile Project Management: How to Make Any Project Better, Faster, and More Cost Effective, Second Edition
by Terra Vanzant Stern, PhDWhen project managers are faced with budget cuts and fewer resources, waste elimination becomes a priority in maintaining effectiveness. This does not mean shortening or abandoning traditional project cycles. In fact, fast results on critical assignments can only be completed with strong plans and a detailed work breakdown structure. The connections, or lack thereof, are what strongly impact performance and quality. Lean and Agile, as covered in this book, are meant to enhance traditional project management, not replace the science. A strong foundation in traditional project management is necessary to appreciate the benefits of adopting Lean and Agile. Lean and Agile Project Management: How to Make Any Project Better, Faster, and More Cost Effective defines the wastes and issues found in project management and demonstrates how they can be addressed by engaging Lean thinking and Agile techniques. This book also: • Shows how to apply Lean principles to project management (PM) • Teaches the application of simple Six Sigma metrics in PM • Discusses the adoption of Agile techniques in PM in order to stay on task and remain flexible • Helps readers discover the theoretical synergies between popular PM programs • Promotes an understanding of how Lean people skills can help a person become a better leader and manager Since the publication of the first edition of this book, the bodies of knowledge have all been systematically updated. In addition, through conducting peer groups and detailed workshops, the Author has simplified many of the basics, and they are now much easier to understand. Essentially, the Author believes traditional project management can benefit from adding Lean and Agile, but she has simplified the model for greater efficiency.
Lean and Agile Software Development: 6th International Conference, LASD 2022, Virtual Event, January 22, 2022, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing #438)
by Adam Przybyłek Aleksander Jarzębowicz Ivan Luković Yen Ying NgThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Lean and Agile Software Development, LASD 2022, which was held online on January 22, 2022. The conference received a total of 29 submissions, of which 9 full papers, 1 short paper and 1 position paper are included in this volume. In addition, the volume contains one keynote paper in full paper length. Topics discussed in this volume cover various aspects of agile software development and range from agile testing, to agile effort estimation, an agile approach to model-driven development, and remotely working agile teams.
Lean and Agile Software Development: 5th International Conference, LASD 2021, Virtual Event, January 23, 2021, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing #408)
by Adam Przybyłek Jakub Miler Alexander Poth Andreas RielThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Lean and Agile Software Development, LASD 2021, which was held online on January 23, 2021. The conference received a total of 32 submissions, of which 10 full and 2 short papers are included in this volume. In addition, one keynote paper is also included. To live the agile mindset, the LASD conference focuses on highly relevant research outcomes and fosters their way into practice. Topics discussed in this volume range from teams under COVID-19 through women in Agile, to product road-mapping and non-functional requirements.
Lean and Cleaner Production
by Peng Wu Sui Pheng LowThis book explains how in moving towards Cleaner Production, the Lean Production Philosophy can be applied to reduce carbon emissions in prefabrication - one major source of the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions which contribute to global climate change. This book examines theories and principles in the Lean Production Philosophy to develop situation-based carbon reduction strategies for precast concrete manufacturers and contractors in terms of Site layout, Supply Chain, Production, Stocks and Installation Management. It presents the empirical findings of surveys and case studies with managers and professionals working for precasters and contractors in Singapore, findings which provide good practical guidance for precast concrete manufacturers and contractors to achieve low carbon emissions and to perform better in many sustainability-based rating systems, such as the Singapore Green Labelling Scheme and the Building and Construction Authority (BCA) Green Mark Scheme.
Lean and Digitize: An Integrated Approach to Process Improvement
by Bernardo NicolettiLean and Six Sigma initiatives are designed to enable sustained improvements in your company or organization's efficiency and competitiveness. As with other improvement strategies they are dependent on two things, effective management and your ability to automate or digitize elements of your business process. Lean and Digitize provides you with a convincing picture of each of these elements (process improvement, digitization and the management of both) to help you eliminate waste, improve process and service, and better align your information and communications technology with your strategic objectives. Bernardo Nicoletti analyses and reviews the development of automation and telecommunications systems in the context of quality management and process improvement. He uses case examples to illustrate organizational and management approaches to implementation. These, along with his practical guidance, will help you make sense of the complexity, benefits and interrelations between these different elements. The text shows you on the one hand, how to integrate information and communication systems into your process improvement projects and, on the other, how to align information and communication projects with your quality strategy. Without a holistic approach to technology and quality improvement, your initiatives run the risk of being misdirected or simply running out of steam. Changes of this kind will never be easy but at least if you follow the advice in Lean and Digitize you will significantly increase your chances of success.
Lean and Green: Profit for Your Workplace and the Environment
by Pamela J GordonWhen it comes to believing that business can be profitable and environmentally sensitive, cynics abound on both sides. But in Lean and Green, Pamela Gordon proves that capitalism and environmentalism are not mutually exclusive-quite the contrary. She shows how "green" business practices enable organizations to save millions, even billions of dollars each year. Lean and Gree chronicles over one hundred examples of how people in twenty different organizations around the world-from clerks, farmers, and city employees to chemists and executives-have strengthened environmental practices and the balance sheet. She details waste-saving, profit-building acts as basic as Linda Gee at LSI Logic digging out usable pre-worn shoe covers to wear in the clean room, and as broad as the city of Santa Monica paving residential streets with white top to reduce urban heat and increase surface longevity. Drawing on her background as a leading business consultant, Gordon shows readers precisely how to sell their environmental ideas to management. She describes how to make the case in no-nonsense business terms, set concrete goals that the new practices will achieve, measure the economic results of the new practices, and make sure the right people hear about the results so that environmental initiatives continue. Each chapter includes a "Making It Easy" list of action steps for implementing lean and green improvements in the workplace easily and immediately. Lean and Green will inspire employees and employers alike to explore creative ways to simultaneously save the planet and bolster the bottom line.
Lean and Green Manufacturing: Towards Eco-Efficiency and Business Performance (Management and Industrial Engineering)
by Kaliyan Mathiyazhagan K. E. K. Vimal Harish Kumar Anbanandam Ramesh Vernika AgarwalThis book provides a stage-by-stage integration of lean and green manufacturing paradigms to achieve environmental and economic benefits. The book includes chapters on conceptual development for incorporating the lean and green paradigm, and methods, tools and techniques for developing and integrating lean manufacturing. Several case studies which demonstrate the benefits of integrating lean and green manufacturing techniques are also covered here. The contents of this book are expected to support researchers and practitioners in the implementation of integrated lean and green manufacturing technologies.
Lean and Green Supply Chain Management: Optimization Models and Algorithms (International Series in Operations Research & Management Science #273)
by Turan Paksoy Gerhard-Wilhelm Weber Sandra HuberThis book presents the latest developments in optimization and optimal control models; exact, approximate and hybrid methods; and their applications in lean and green supply chains. It examines supply chain network design and modeling, closed loop supply chains, and lean, green, resilient and agile or responsive networks, and also discusses corporate social responsibility and occupational health and safety. It particularly focuses on supply chain management under uncertainty – employing stochastic or nonlinear modeling, simulation based studies and optimization – multi-criteria decision-making and applications of fuzzy set theory, and covers various aspects of supply chain management such as risk management, supplier selection or the design of automated warehouses. Lastly, using experimental applications and practical case studies, it shows the impact of lean and green applications on vehicle/fleet management and operations management.
The Lean Anthology: A Practical Primer in Continual Improvement
by Rebecca Goldberg Elliott N. WeissThe Lean Anthology: A Practical Primer in Continual Improvement presents operations management case studies that illustrate a Lean process improvement journey. Ideal for non-engineers, adult learners, and corporate or business education settings, this book can help you and your organization understand and apply Lean practices as part of a plan for
The Lean Approach to Digital Transformation: From Customer to Code and From Code to Customer
by Yves CaseauThe Lean Approach to Digital Transformation: From Customer to Code and From Code to Customer is organized into three parts that expose and develop the three capabilities that are essential for a successful digital transformation: 1. Understanding how to co-create digital services with users, whether they are customers or future customers. This ability combines observation, dialogue, and iterative experimentation. The approach proposed in this book is based on the Lean Startup approach, according to an extended vision that combines Design Thinking and Growth Hacking. Companies must become truly "customer-centric", from observation and listening to co-development. The revolution of the digital age of the 21st century is that customer orientation is more imperative -- the era of abundance, usages rate of change, complexity of experiences, and shift of power towards communities -- are easier, using digital tools and digital communities. 2. Developing an information system (IS) that is the backbone of the digital transformation – called “exponential information system” to designate an open IS (in particular on its borders), capable of interfacing and combining with external services, positioned as a player in software ecosystems and built for processing scalable and dynamic data flows. The exponential information system is constantly changing and it continuously absorbs the best of information processing technology, such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. 3. Building software “micro-factories” that produce service platforms, which are called “Lean software factories.” This “software factory” concept covers the integration of agile methods, tooling and continuous integration and deployment practices, a customer-oriented product approach, and a platform approach based on modularity, as well as API-based architecture and openness to external stakeholders. This software micro-factory is the foundation that continuously produces and provides constantly evolving services. These three capabilities are not unique or specific to this book, they are linked to other concepts such as agile methods, product development according to lean principles, software production approaches such as CICD (continuous integration and deployment) or DevOps. This book weaves a common frame of reference for all these approaches to derive more value from the digital transformation and to facilitate its implementation. The title of the book refers to the “lean approach to digital transformation” because the two underlying frameworks, Lean Startup and Lean Software Factory, are directly inspired by Lean, in the sense of the Toyota Way. The Lean approach is present from the beginning to the end of this book -- it provides the framework for customer orientation and the love of a job well done, which are the conditions for the success of a digital transformation.
The Lean Approach to Digital Transformation: From Customer to Code and From Code to Customer
by Yves CaseauThe Lean Approach to Digital Transformation: From Customer to Code and From Code to Customer is organized into three parts that expose and develop the three capabilities that are essential for a successful digital transformation: 1. Understanding how to co-create digital services with users, whether they are customers or future customers. This ability combines observation, dialogue, and iterative experimentation. The approach proposed in this book is based on the Lean Startup approach, according to an extended vision that combines Design Thinking and Growth Hacking. Companies must become truly "customer-centric", from observation and listening to co-development. The revolution of the digital age of the 21st century is that customer orientation is more imperative -- the era of abundance, usages rate of change, complexity of experiences, and shift of power towards communities -- are easier, using digital tools and digital communities. 2. Developing an information system (IS) that is the backbone of the digital transformation – called “exponential information system” to designate an open IS (in particular on its borders), capable of interfacing and combining with external services, positioned as a player in software ecosystems and built for processing scalable and dynamic data flows. The exponential information system is constantly changing and it continuously absorbs the best of information processing technology, such as Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning. 3. Building software “micro-factories” that produce service platforms, which are called “Lean software factories.” This “software factory” concept covers the integration of agile methods, tooling and continuous integration and deployment practices, a customer-oriented product approach, and a platform approach based on modularity, as well as API-based architecture and openness to external stakeholders. This software micro-factory is the foundation that continuously produces and provides constantly evolving services. These three capabilities are not unique or specific to this book, they are linked to other concepts such as agile methods, product development according to lean principles, software production approaches such as CICD (continuous integration and deployment) or DevOps. This book weaves a common frame of reference for all these approaches to derive more value from the digital transformation and to facilitate its implementation. The title of the book refers to the “lean approach to digital transformation” because the two underlying frameworks, Lean Startup and Lean Software Factory, are directly inspired by Lean, in the sense of the Toyota Way. The Lean approach is present from the beginning to the end of this book -- it provides the framework for customer orientation and the love of a job well done, which are the conditions for the success of a digital transformation.
Lean Architecture: Excellence in Project Delivery
by Michael F. Czap Gregory T. BuchananApply lean principles to your next architectural project and improve your bottom line with the help of this practical volume Lean Architecture: Excellence in Project Delivery shows readers a path to consistently achieve excellence in project delivery via the application of lean concepts and process management. Authors Michael Czap and Gregory Buchanan challenge readers to reexamine their approach to architectural practice and projects by presenting a unique and compelling alternative. Lean Architecture details the crucial metrics and implementation strategies that combine to improve the efficiency and profitability of projects taken on by firms of all sizes. Readers of the book will learn to: Maximize the use of their resources to deliver superior results in less time Minimize waste, cost, and inefficiency in their firm’s operations Move between radically different project scales while retaining efficient and effective processes Lean Architecture is perfect for firm leaders, project managers, and project architects who seek to improve their ability to deliver better results while reducing their cost base.
Lean Assembly: The Nuts and Bolts of Making Assembly Operations Flow
by Michel BaudinWith examples drawn from aerospace, electronics, household appliance, personal products, and automotive industries, Lean Assembly covers the engineering of assembly operations through:Characterizing the demand in terms of volume by product and product family, component consumption, seasonal variability and life cycle.Matching the physical structure of the shop floor to the demand with the goal of approaching takt-driven production as closely as possible.Working out the details of assembly tasks station by station, including station sizing, tooling, fixturing, operator instructions, part presentation, conveyance between stations, and the geometry of assembly lines as a whole.Incorporating mistake-proofing, successive inspection, and test operations for quality assurance.Lean Assembly differs from most other books on lean manufacturing in that it focuses on technical content as a driver for implementation methods. The emphasis is on exactly what should be done. This book should be the "dog-eared" and "penciled-in" resource on every assembly engineer's desk.
Lean at Wipro Technologies
by Bradley R. Staats David M. UptonWipro Technologies, a rapidly growing software services firm based in India, decided to use principles from the Toyota Production System (also known as lean) to fundamentally change their operating model. Looks at why Wipro chose to use lean and how they went about implementing it in a novel context such as this. Provides detail of Wipro's internal and external environment, which was necessitating the change (shift from delivering a low-cost product to providing a business solution). Also, explores whether this new approach can lead to a substantial competitive advantage.
Lean Auditing
by James C. Paterson"How can you argue with the core principles of Lean, that you focus on what provides value to your customer and eliminate work that is not necessary (muda)? Internal auditors need to understand not only who their primary customers are, but what is valuable to them - which in most cases is assurance that the risks that matter to the achievement of objectives are properly managed. We need to communicate what they need to know and not what we want to say. This incessant focus on the customer and the efficient production of a valued product should extend to every internal audit team. How else can we ensure that we optimize the use of our limited resources to address the dynamic business and risk environment within which our organizations operate?"Norman Marks, GRC Thought LeaderUsing lean techniques to enhance value add and reduce waste in internal auditingLean Auditing is a practical guide to maximising value and efficiency in internal audit through the application of lean techniques. It is an ideal book for anyone interested in understanding what progressive, value adding audit can be like. It is also ideal for anyone wondering whether audit activities can be streamlined or better co-ordinated with other activities.The book contains practical advise from the author's experience as CAE of AstraZeneca PLC; from his work as a consultant specializing in this field; as well as insights from leading CAEs in the UK, US and elsewhere. In addition, there are important insights from thought leaders such as Richard Chambers (IIA US) and Norman Marks (GRC thought leader) and Chris Baker (Technical Manager of the IIA UK).Increasing pressure on resources is driving a need for greater efficiency in all areas of business, and Internal Audit is no exception. Lean techniques can help streamline the workflow, but having only recently been applied to IA, lack the guidance available for other techniques. Lean Auditing fills this need by combining expert instruction and actionable advice that helps Internal Auditors:Benchmark their efficiency against lean ways of workingUnderstand warning signs of waste and lower added valueUnderstanding practical ways of working that improve added value and reduce wasteGain confidence about progressive ways of working in internal auditUnderstand how improved ways of working in audit can positively impact the culture of the wider organizationOne of the keys to the lean audit is finding out exactly what the stakeholder wants, and eliminating everything else. Scaling back certain operations can delineate audit from advisory, and in the process, dramatically improve crucial outcomes. To this end, Lean Auditing is the key to IA efficiency.