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Micro-Spatial Histories of Global Labour
by Anne Gerritsen Christian G. De VitoThis volume suggests a new way of doing global history. Instead of offering a sweeping and generalizing overview of the past, we propose a 'micro-spatial' approach, combining micro-history with the concept of space. A focus on primary sources and awareness of the historical discontinuities and unevennesses characterizes the global history that emerges here. We use labour as our lens in this volume. The resulting micro-spatial history of labour addresses the management and recruitment of labour, its voluntary and coerced spatial mobility, its political perception and representation and the workers' own agency and social networks. The individual chapters are written by contributors whose expertise covers the late medieval Eastern Mediterranean to present-day Sierra Leone, through early modern China and Italy, eighteenth-century Cuba and the Malvinas/Falklands, the journeys of a missionary between India and Brazil and those of Christian captives across the Ottoman empire and Spain. The result is a highly readable volume that addresses key theoretical and methodological questions in historiography.
Micro-scaled Products Development via Microforming
by Ming Wang Fu Wai Lun Chan'Micro-scaled Products Development via Microforming' presents state-of-the-art research on microforming processes, and focuses on the development of micro-scaled metallic parts via microforming processes. Microforming refers to the fabrication of microparts via micro-scaled plastic deformation and presents a promising micromanufacturing process. When compared to other micromanufacturing processes, microforming offers advantages such as high productivity and good mechanical properties of the deformed microparts. This book provides extensive and informative illustrations, tables and photos in order to convey this information clearly and directly to readers. Although the knowledge of macroforming processes is abundant and widely used in industry, microparts cannot be developed by leveraging existing knowledge of macroforming because the size effect presents a barrier to this knowledge transfer. Therefore systematic knowledge of microforming needs to be developed. In tandem with product miniaturization, the demand on microparts has been increased for their wide applications in many industries, including automotive, bio-medical, aerospace and consumer electronics industries. Micromanufacturing technologies have thus become more and more important. This book is intended for postgraduates, manufacturing engineers and professionals working in the areas of manufacturing and materials processing.
MicroEconomics: A Basic Perspective
by Roger MackFor many of you, economics is among the most feared and most challenging courses that you will enroll in during your college experience. Despite this, economics is also a subject matter that will stay with you, be actively used and may well have the most impact throughout your life. Economics involves a way of thinking about choices and outcomes. In a very real sense, both the teaching and the learning of economics is "work in progress." Your choices and the choices of others around you, the resulting outcomes, and the opportunities, both chosen and given up, greatly determine much of the quality of your life.
MicroFinTech: Expanding Financial Inclusion with Cost-Cutting Innovation (Palgrave Studies in Financial Services Technology)
by Roberto Moro-ViscontiMicrofinance is a renowned albeit controversial solution for giving financial access to the unbanked, even if micro-transactions increase costs, limiting outreach potential. The economic and financial sustainability of Microfinance Institutions (MFIs) is a prerequisite for widening a potentially unlimited client base. Automation decreases costs, expanding the outreach potential, and improving transparency and efficiency. Technological solutions range from branchless mobile banking to geo-localization of customers, digital/social networking for group lending, blockchain validation, big data, and artificial intelligence, up to “MicroFinTech” - FinTech applications adapted to microfinance. Of interest to both scholars, students, and professors of financial technology and microfinance, this book examines these trendy solutions comprehensively, going beyond the existing literature and showing potential applications to the traditional sustainability versus outreach trade-off.
MicroFridge: The Concept
by John DeightonRobert Bennett, who has a Master's degree in engineering, wants to exploit his idea to combine a refrigerator, freezer, and 500-watt microwave into an 87-pound, 4-foot-high appliance to sell to college students. Bennett must decide which markets to serve, which competitors he must contend with, with whom to collaborate, and what core capabilities to build.
MicroSkills: Small Actions, Big Impact
by Adaira Landry M.D. Resa E. Lewiss M.D.The promise of this book is simple: if you buy this book on Friday, you will be better at your job by Monday.MicroSkills is built on one core, easy-to-learn principle: every big goal, complicated task, healthy habit, and, yes, even what we think of as character traits, can be broken down into small, learnable, skills that can be practiced, and incorporated real-time. We call these: MicroSkills.As award winning physicians, educators, and mentors we hear the gamut of challenges with navigating the workplace. And when we learn a lesson we often wish we had learned it earlier. MicroSkills is packed with the privileged information that you want delivered to you as efficiently as possible.In MicroSkills you will learn How to build your career without breaking yourself How to manage your task list to get work done How to build and maintain your professional reputation How to become a subject matter expert How to grow and nurture your network How to become a better communicator and so much more...MicroSkills is the gift we wish we had received early in our careers.
MicroStrategy Quick Start Guide: Data analytics and visualizations for Business Intelligence
by Fernando Carlos Rivero EsquedaBuild reporting applications and dashboards using the different MicroStrategy objectsKey FeaturesLearn the fundamentals of MicroStrategyUse MicroStrategy to get actionable insights from your business dataCreate visualizations and build intuitive dashboards and reportsBook DescriptionMicroStrategy is an enterprise business intelligence application. It turns data into reports for making and executing key organization decisions. This book shows you how to implement Business Intelligence (BI) with MicroStrategy. It takes you from setting up and configuring MicroStrategy to security and administration.The book starts by detailing the different components of the MicroStrategy platform, and the key concepts of Metadata and Project Source. You will then install and configure MicroStrategy and lay down the foundations for building MicroStrategy BI solutions. By learning about objects and different object types, you will develop a strong understanding of the MicroStrategy Schema and Public Objects. With these MicroStrategy objects, you will enhance and scale your BI and Analytics solutions.Finally, you will learn about the administration, security, and monitoring of your BI solution.What you will learnSet up the MicroStrategy Intelligence Server and client toolsCreate a MicroStrategy metadata repository and your first ProjectExplore the main MicroStrategy object types and their dependencies Create, manipulate, and share ReportsCreate and share DashboardsManage Users and GroupsWho this book is forThis book is for Business Intelligence professionals or data analysts who want to get started with Microstrategy. Some basic understanding of BI and data analysis will be required to get the most from this book.
MicroStrategy: Accounting for Cryptocurrency
by Annelena Lobb Jonas HeeseOn February 15, 2021, Alina Moss, an analyst who covered the technology company MicroStrategy, pondered a rise in MicroStrategy's share price. Moss had dialed into the company earnings call. When it ended, Moss had more questions than answers. MicroStrategy had recorded a meager operating income of $390,000 in the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2020, yet its non-GAAP operating income was $30.1 million and its share price had climbed 160% during the period. In 2020, MicroStrategy had invested heavily in Bitcoin, and its CEO Michael Saylor said that MicroStrategy would continue using Bitcoin as its primary treasury reserve asset. The accounting treatment of cryptocurrencies was murky as standard setters had not yet decided how firms should account for cryptocurrencies, leaving it up to companies to determine the appropriate accounting. MicroStrategy treated cryptocurrencies as intangible assets on its financial statements, as did many other firms. Accounting rules for intangible assets required reporting downward price shifts as impairment losses but did not require the recording of upswings in price. MicroStrategy disclosed a significant decline in net income as compared to the fourth quarter of 2019 because of impairment losses on Bitcoin. How well was MicroStrategy really doing? Did the current accounting treatment for cryptocurrencies make sense for companies holding Bitcoin? How should investors assess firms' Bitcoin investments?
Microbial Diversity and Biotechnology in Food Security
by R. S. Upadhyay R. N. Kharwar N. K. Dubey Richa RaghuwanshiThe roles of microbes in agriculture, industry and environment have been the point of interest since long time for their potential exploitation. Although only a fraction of microbial diversity was accessed by microbiologists earlier for harnessing them owing to limited techniques available. The molecular techniques have opened new vistas to access the wide field of the unexplored microbes and their exploitation for useful genes and novel metabolites. Sincere efforts have been made in biotechnology using microbes leading to improve our life with respect to agriculture and people health. This comprehensive volume covers different aspects of microbial biotechnology and its management in sustainable agriculture for food security and improved human health. The book comprises four sections: Endophytes and Mycorrhizae, Microbial Diversity and Plant Protection, Microbial Functions and Biotechnology, and Microbes and the Environment, which contain 53 chapters. The book examines the aspects on endophytes and mycorrhizae, bioactive compounds, growth promoting microorganisms, disease management with emphasis on biocontrol, genetics of disease resistance, microbial enzymes, advances in potential of microbes and their industrial as well as pharmaceutical applications. In addition, the use of botanicals, and the etiology and management of medicinal and aromatic plants in the post harvest management have been reviewed in greater depth for the benefit of teaching and research community The biotechnological developments using microbe potential have enabled us combat the environment and human health problems worldwide in ecofriendly manner. We are sure that this volume will be highly useful to all those concerned with fungi, bacteria, viruses and their biology, including environmental and public health officers and professionals in the field of interest. The volume is an exhaustive coverage of almost all the aspects of microbial biology and biotechnology.
Microbial Niche Nexus Sustaining Environmental Biological Wastewater and Water-Energy-Environment Nexus (Environmental Science and Engineering)
by Maulin P. Shah Senthilkumar Kandasamy Kavitha Subbiah Naveenkumar ManickamIn most of the industries, industrial effluent treatment plants are playing vital roles to ensure the efficient management of industrial effluent for supporting sustainable development of our society. Due to the technological development, new concepts about future wastewater management are being incorporated by process industries in the whole world, including recyclable resources and energy/nutrient recovery from industrial effluent, etc. However, conventional treatment methods including biotechnological methods used in treatment plants are facing a lot of difficulties due to the strict discharging norms and coming out of new-fangled pollutants. Recently, a novel concept microbial niche nexus sustaining biological wastewater treatment was introduced, which can accomplish the significant removal of toxic emerging pollutants by different microbial communities, with the concern of other components like integrated and healthy ecosystem. The book focuses on research related to future potential and progress of microbial niche-based environmental biotechnology such as microbial enrichment, microbial function, system design, new technological developments and its applications. Besides, the book reviews important interconnections between water, energy, and the environment as security in water and energy, and the environment is associated with human beings, natural resources, economic, and environmental sustainability. In addition, the book describes innovative green technologies with the aim of enhancing the present state-of-the-art technologies in the various fields like water, energy, the environment, and the related potential fields of industrial wastewater treatment.
Microbial Strategies for Crop Improvement
by Javed Musarrat Almas Zaidi Mohammad Saghir KhanThis book presents the multidisciplinary nature and the many fascinating aspects of microbiological approaches for crop improvement in both conventional and stressed soils where quality and safety are the key concerns. The major goal is to provide a cross-section of the latest accomplishments and envisaged future directions in these areas. It gives a holistic view of the basic concepts and practical utility of microbes and thus presents an all-inclusive contemporary treatise on strategic aspects of the diverse microbial communities providing solutions to oodles of customary agronomic problems. This book benefits people working in the area of agronomy, biotechnology, environmental biology, microbiology, plant physiology, plant protection and soil science. The contributions by eminent academicians and professionals ensure a good equilibrium between theory and practice without compromising the basic conceptual framework of the concerned subject.
Microbial Strategies for Vegetable Production
by Almas Zaidi Mohammad Saghir KhanThis book provides a comprehensive information on basic and applied concepts of microbesial strategies adopted for the improvement of vegetables grown in various production systems. The beneficial role of soil microbes including plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), nitrogen fixers, and phosphate-solubilizing bacteria in the improvement of vegetables grown both in normal and contaminated soils is discussed. The role of PGPR in tomato production is dealt separately. The impact of heavy metals on different vegetables and abatement of metal toxicity following metal tolerant PGPR and their consequential impact on vegetables grown in metal polluted soil is discussed. Moreover, recent advances in the management of vegetable diseases employing PGPR are addressed. This volume is therefore of special interest to both academics, professionals and practitioners working in the field of vegetable farming/horticulture, microbiology and plant protection sciences.
Microbial Surfactants in Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics
by R. Z. Sayyed Shilpa MujumdarBiosurfactants and bioemulsifiers are considered green molecules as they are produced from microbes and are easily degradable as compared to surfactants. They are suitable due to properties such as low toxicity, tolerance to a wide-range pH level and temperature, high surface activity, biodegradability, excellent emulsifying and demulsifying ability. While, caution and care should be exercised in its widespread usage, they are likely to replace chemical surfactants.The book focuses on biosurfactant production from various bacteria, diversity of biosurfactant producing bacteria, and the industrial need of biosurfactants. Fields such as pharmacy, medicine, and cosmetics are covered. It is presented in an easy-to-understand manner, and is well illustrated, and comprises protocols and recent data on the production, formulation and commercialization and other aspects of biosurfactants and bioemulsifiers.
Microbrewery, Distillery, or Cidery
by The Staff of Entrepreneur MediaThe experts at Entrepreneur provide a two-part guide to success. First, craft enthusiasts and entrepreneurs looking to start their own brand of high-end beers and spirits will find the necessary tools and expert advice in this new addition to the popular Start Your Own series. Then, they'll master the fundamentals of business startup including defining their business structure, funding, staffing and more.This kit includes: Essential industry and business-specific startup steps with worksheets, calculators, checklists and more Entrepreneur Editors' Start Your Own Business, a guide to starting any business and surviving the first three years Interviews and advice from successful entrepreneurs in the industry Worksheets, brainstorming sections, and checklists Entrepreneur's Startup Resource Kit (downloadable)More about Entrepreneur's Startup Resource KitEvery small business is unique. Therefore, it's essential to have tools that are customizable depending on your business's needs. That's why with Entrepreneur is also offering you access to our Startup Resource Kit. Get instant access to thousands of business letters, sales letters, sample documents and more - all at your fingertips!You'll find the following:The Small Business Legal ToolkitWhen your business dreams go from idea to reality, you're suddenly faced with laws and regulations governing nearly every move you make. Learn how to stay in compliance and protect your business from legal action. In this essential toolkit, you'll get answers to the "how do I get started?" questions every business owner faces along with a thorough understanding of the legal and tax requirements of your business.Sample Business Letters1000+ customizable business letters covering each type of written business communication you're likelyto encounter as you communicate with customers, suppliers, employees, and others. Plus a complete guide to business communication that covers every question you may have about developing your own business communication style.Sample Sales LettersThe experts at Entrepreneur have compiled more than 1000 of the most effective sales letters covering introductions, prospecting, setting up appointments, cover letters, proposal letters, the all-important follow-up letter and letters covering all aspects of sales operations to help you make the sale, generate new customers and huge profits.
Microcredit Guarantee Funds In The Mediterranean
by Paola Leone Pasqualina PorrettaMicrofinance/microcredit today is facing two challenges. Firstly, it needs be more economically and financially sustainable. Secondly, it needs to increase its outreach in order to have a more significant impact on poorer areas of the world. Access to credit for the poorest people is a trade-off between economic and financial sustainability and the spread of activity. Greater innovation in processes and products is required in order to reduce transactional costs and informational asymmetries, extend the term structure of contracts and provide suitable assessment and risk management in the microfinance sector. This book offers a comprehensive comparative analysis of the most significant models of microcredit guarantee funds adopted in three South European countries (Italy, France, Spain) and in three North African countries (Morocco, Tunisia, Egypt). It provides a clear picture of microcredit guarantee funds in each country, focusing on three keys areas: analysis of the regulatory framework, mapping of microcredit institutions and analysis of the main features of guarantee funds. The authors highlight the strengths and weaknesses of the microcredit guarantee system and provide regulatory or operative solutions which may improve the economic sustainability of microcredit institutions and, ultimately, contribute to facilitating access to credit for microenterprises and the microborrower. The book will be a valuable resource for supervisors, microcredit institutions, guarantee intermediaries and financial intermediaries.
Microcredit and International Development: Contexts, Achievements and Challenges (Routledge Studies In Development Economics Ser. #92)
by Farhad Hossain Christopher Rees Tonya Knight MillarThis book draws together a set of topical writings on the subject of microcredit that will be of relevance to the work of both researchers and practitioners in the field. In drawing on the experiences of authors from countries and regions throughout the globe, including Cambodia, Barbados and the Caribbean, Mexico, Pakistan, India and Africa, the book examines the subject of microcredit from various perspectives. The book explores the contribution of microcredit to various sectors within the developed and developing worlds and seeks to analyze critically the contributory success and failure factors of microcredit in varying international contexts. By means of evaluating the opportunities and challenges of microcredit, the book provides key lessons about microcredit for international development purposes. More specifically, the authors of the chapters offer a series of insights into microcredit activities as they relate to the real world. For example, in his chapter, David Hulme traces the developing nature of the activities of the highly influential Grameen Bank, that is, from activities focused on subsidised microcredit to more market-based microfinance activities. In their chapter, Johanna Hietalahti and Anja Nygren examine microcredit as a socio-political institution in South Africa and, in doing so, unearth the complex interactions between of rules, logic and power-relations which are relevant to microcredit activities. In another chapter, Asad Ghalib uses the context of Rural Punjab in Pakistan in order to assess the extent to which microcredit-related activities actually reach the poor. Taken together, the chapters in the book provide readers with an opportunity to consider a host of factors connected to microcredit from a genuinely international perspective.
Microcredit and Poverty Alleviation
by Tazul IslamThe attempt of the Grameen Bank to alleviate poverty and enhance the skills and productivity of its rural women clients provides the fascinating backdrop to this important study of micro-credit institutions. Tazul Islam examines the real extent to which the Grameen Bank's credit-alone policy has been successful in securing the Bank's financial sustainability; its practical role in alleviating poverty and its actual impact on the productivity of its clients. This book concludes by considering alternative policy options that hold out the possibility of increased poverty alleviation.
Microdynamics of Technological Change (Routledge Frontiers of Political Economy)
by Cristiano AntonelliThis volume presents a comprehensive assessment of the economic effects of the emerging information and communication technologies associated with a knowledge-based economy, and looks at how knowledge is increasingly treated as a product in its own right. An original framework is developed to comprehend these fundamental shifts, based on three bodies of knowledge: * the economics of path dependence and of historical time as they are elaborated in the economics of new technologies * economic topology based on the methodology of network analysis * the new economics of knowledge and the concept of localized technological change This book provides a unified analytical framework for the study of the transition of advanced economic systems towards a knowledge-based economy.
Microeconometrics
by A. Colin Cameron Pravin K. TrivediAn outstanding introduction to microeconometrics and how to do microeconometric research using Stata, this book covers topics often left out of microeconometrics textbooks and omitted from basic introductions to Stata. Cameron and Trivedi provide the most complete and up-to-date survey of microeconometric methods available in Stata. They begin by introducing simulation methods and then use them to illustrate features of the estimators and tests described in the rest of the book. They address each topic with an in-depth Stata example and demonstrate how to use Stata's programming features to implement methods for which Stata does not have a specific command. Multi/Card Deck Copy
Microeconometrics with R (Chapman & Hall/CRC The R Series)
by Yves CroissantThis book is about doing microeconometrics, defined by Cameron and Trivedi as "the analysis of individual-level data on the economic behavior of individuals or firms using regression methods applied to cross-section and panel data" with R. Microeconometrics became increasingly popular in the last decades, thanks to the availability of many individual data sets and to the development of computer performance.R appeared in the late nineties as a clone of S. It became increasingly popular among statisticians, especially in fields where S was widely used. Twenty years ago, using R for doing econometrics analysis required a lot of programming because a lot of core methods of econometrics were not available in R. Nowadays, most of the basic methods described in the book are available in contributed packages. Moreover, the set of packages called the tidyverse developed by RStudio (now Posit) for all the basic tasks of an applied statistician (importing, tidying, transforming and visualizing data sets) makes the use of R faster and easier. The book uses extensively specialized econometrics packages and the tidyverse, and it seeks to demonstrate that the adoption of R as the primary software for an econometrician is a relevant choice.The first part of the book is devoted to the ordinary least squares estimator. Matrix algebra is progressively introduced in this part, and special attention is paid to the interpretation of the estimated coefficients. The second part goes beyond the basic OLS estimator by testing the hypothesis on which this estimator is based and providing more complex estimators relevant when some of these hypotheses are violated. Finally, the third part of the book presents specific estimators devoted to "special" responses, e.g., count, binomial or duration data.Key Features: Many applications using data sets of recent academic works are developed Testing and estimation procedures using the programming framework of R and specialized packages are presented Two companion packages (micsr and micsr.data), containing respectively functions implementing some estimation and testing procedures not available in other contributed packages and data sets used in the book, are provided
Microeconometrics: Methods and Applications
by A. Colin Cameron Pravin K. TrivediThis book provides the most comprehensive treatment to date of microeconometrics, the analysis of individual-level data on the economic behavior of individuals or firms using regression methods for cross section and panel data. The book is oriented to the practitioner. A basic understanding of the linear regression model with matrix algebra is assumed. The text can be used for a microeconometrics course, typically a second-year economics PhD course; for data-oriented applied microeconometrics field courses; and as a reference work for graduate students and applied researchers who wish to fill in gaps in their toolkit. <p><p>Distinguishing features of the book include emphasis on nonlinear models and robust inference, simulation-based estimation, and problems of complex survey data. The book makes frequent use of numerical examples based on generated data to illustrate the key models and methods. More substantially, it systematically integrates into the text empirical illustrations based on seven large and exceptionally rich data sets.
Microeconomic Analysis (Routledge Revivals): Essays in Microeconomics and Economic Development
by David Currie, David Peel and Will PetersFirst published in 1981, this book brings together a collection of essays on microeconomics and development presented at the conference of the Association of University Teachers of Economics. Topics covered include the intergenerational transfer of economic inequality, a review of the recent development in the theory of equity in the economy’s distribution and production process, labour and unemployment, market structure and international trade, taxation and the public sector, Third World industrialisation and Indian agriculture. This book will be of interest to students of Economics and Development Studies.
Microeconomic Essentials: Understanding Economics in the News
by Jay PragA concise and nontechnical introduction to microeconomics, emphasizing concepts over mathematics, with real-world examples and applications.This concise and nontechnical introduction to microeconomics emphasizes concepts over mathematics. Keeping in mind that sometimes the most accurate model is not very useful in the real world, Microeconomic Essentials balances economics as mathematics with economics as a social process. Microeconomics is part of daily life; gas prices, wage increases, the rising cost of health care, international trade: all are microeconomic topics. Therefore, like its predecessor, Macroeconomic Essentials, this textbook accompanies its explanations with examples and real-world applications.
Microeconomic Foundations I: Choice and Competitive Markets
by David M. KrepsA guide to mastering microeconomic theoryMicroeconomic Foundations I develops the choice, price, and general equilibrium theory topics typically found in first-year theory sequences, but in deeper and more complete mathematical form than most standard texts provide. The objective is to take the reader from acquaintance with these foundational topics to something closer to mastery of the models and results connected to them.Provides a rigorous treatment of some of the basic tools of economic modeling and reasoning, along with an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of these toolsComplements standard textsCovers choice, preference, and utility; structural properties of preferences and utility functions; basics of consumer demand; revealed preference and Afriat's Theorem; choice under uncertainty; dynamic choice; social choice and efficiency; competitive and profit-maximizing firms; expenditure minimization; demand theory (duality methods); producer and consumer surplus; aggregation; general equilibrium; efficiency and the core; GET, time, and uncertainty; and other topicsFeatures a free web-based student's guide, which gives solutions to approximately half the problems, and a limited-access instructor's manual, which provides solutions to the rest of the problemsContains appendixes that review most of the specific mathematics employed in the book, including a from-first-principles treatment of dynamic programming