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Opening Japan's Financial Markets (Routledge Library Editions: Business and Economics in Asia #26)
by J. Robert Brown, Jr.This book, first published in 1994, takes a broad look at the reasons behind the failure of foreign banks to penetrate Japanese financial markets. It accepts the common argument that the Japanese bureaucracy has skilfully limited the scope of foreign banks and discusses at length the methods used to do so. However, in examining the history of foreign banking activity in Japan, it becomes clear that ineptitude on the part of the foreign banks and governments has also been a major factor.
Opening Japan's Financial Markets (Routledge Library Editions: Business And Economics In Asia Ser. #26)
by J. Robert Brown Jr.It is widely asserted, outside Japan, that the failure of foreign banks to penetrate Japanese financial markets is the direct result of stringent Japanese protectionist policies. However, although there may be some truth in this, it is a one-dimensional argument. Opening Japan's Financial Markets takes a broader view. It accepts that the Japanese bureaucracy have skillfully limited the scope of foreign banks. However, in examining the history of foreign banking activity in Japan, it becomes clear that ineptitude on the part of foreign banks and governments has also been a major factor.
Opening Markets for Foreign Skills: How Can the WTO Help?
by Joy KategekwaThe Mode 4 commitments of WTO Members are narrow and shallow. Even though trade negotiations for enhanced Mode 4 access started well before the launch of the DDA- prospects for success are thin. These negotiations followed a traditional mercantilist approach- with limited attention to the underlying difficulties countries face in letting people into their borders, either generally, or on the basis of a WTO GATS commitment. This Book argues that this approach alone will not succeed. It proposes a focus not on trading market access concessions only, but on discussions aimed at understanding each other's regulatory approaches. To date, in terms of the literature available, we know very little about how WTO Members are managing their Mode 4 commitments. We know even less about how the WTO could learn from clearly more advanced steps in regional liberalization processes. This Book addresses these issues- through case studies of market access and national treatment commitments, and regulatory approaches in Economic Integration Agreements of a select group of WTO Members.
Opening Markets for Trade in Services
by Juan A. Marchetti Martin RoyTrade in services is an increasingly important part of global trade and, as such, figures prominently in multilateral, regional and bilateral trade negotiations. In this volume of essays, academics, negotiators and experts from various international organizations explore the achievements of such negotiations, together with the challenges and opportunities which arise and the motivations that come into play in such negotiations. The contributions highlight issues in important services sectors, such as distribution, energy, finance, telecommunications, air transport and the postal and audiovisual sectors, as well as areas such as cross-border trade and government procurement. Case studies look into the experiences of specific countries. The focus on sector analysis and country experiences sheds light on the state of services liberalization and the regulation of international trade in services at the beginning of the twenty-first century, making this an indispensable guide to ongoing and future international negotiations on this topic.
Opening Pandora's Box
by Melissa Blakeley Willy Shih Marissa Dent Stephen P. KaufmanPandora.com provided a highly customizable online radio service tailored to listeners' musical preferences, and had registered explosive growth since its September, 2005 launch. But proposed changes in royalty rates threatened to kill off many Internet radio sites, including Pandora. Explores Pandora's business model, and whether it can evolve to remain viable.
Opening the Black Box: The Contextual Drivers of Social Accountability
by Helene Grandvoinnet Ghazia Aslam Shomikho RahaOpening the Black Box: Contextual Drivers of Social Accountability Effectiveness fills an important knowledge gap by providing guidance on how to assess contextual drivers of social accountability effectiveness. This publication aims to more strategically support citizen engagement at the country level and for a specific issue or problem. The report proposes a novel framing of social accountability as the interplay of constitutive elements: citizen action and state action, supported by three enabling levers: civic mobilization, interface and information. For each of these constitutive elements, the report identifies "drivers" of contextual effectiveness which take into account a broad range of contextual factors (e. g. , social, political and intervention-based, including information and communication technologies). Opening the Black Box offers detailed guidance on how to assess each driver. It also applies the framework at two levels. At the country level, the report looks at "archetypes" of challenging country contexts, such as regimes with no formal space or full support for citizen-state engagement and fragile and conflict-affected situations. The report also illustrates the use of the framework to analyze specific social accountability interventions through four case studies: Sierra Leone, Pakistan, Yemen, and the Kyrgyz Republic.
Opening the Valve: From Software to Hardware (A)
by Ethan S. Bernstein Bradley R. Staats Francesca GinoValve, one of the world's top video game software companies, has also become an iconic example of an organization with virtually no hierarchy. A 400-person organization, Valve's unique organizational form (described in detail in the case and accompanying employee handbook) includes 100% self-allocated time, no managers (and therefore no managerial oversight), a structure so fluid that all desks have wheels to allow free movement between "cabals" (teams) on a regular basis (which happens frequently enough that Valve created a homegrown tracking app to allow peers to find each other), a unique hiring apparatus that supports recruitment of T-shaped individuals, and a purely peer-based performance review and stack ranking. As customer demand and market forces draw Valve into hardware in 2013, Valve questions whether their organizational model will need to change as it expands from software into hardware-and, if so, whether they should prioritize strategy over structure or structure over strategy. The case, therefore, presents students with a strategic and organizational challenge that tests students' understanding, and Valve's resolve, with regard to the congruence between their organizational model and strategic direction.
Opening the Valve: From Software to Hardware (B)
by Ethan S. Bernstein Bradley R. Staats Francesca GinoValve, one of the world's top video game software companies, has also become an iconic example of an organization with virtually no hierarchy. A 400-person organization, Valve's unique organizational form (described in detail in the case and accompanying employee handbook) includes 100% self-allocated time, no managers (and therefore no managerial oversight), a structure so fluid that all desks have wheels to allow free movement between ""cabals"" (teams) on a regular basis (which happens frequently enough that Valve created a homegrown tracking app to allow peers to find each other), a unique hiring apparatus that supports recruitment of T-shaped individuals, and a purely peer-based performance review and stack ranking. As customer demand and market forces draw Valve into hardware in 2013, Valve questions whether their organizational model will need to change as it expands from software into hardware-and, if so, whether they should prioritize strategy over structure or structure over strategy. The case therefore presents students with a strategic and organizational challenge which tests students' understanding, and Valve's resolve, with regard to the congruence between their organizational model and strategic direction. Students should have read and discussed the (A) case, and Valve's options for entering hardware, prior to the (B) case being distributed. The (B) case provides significant detail on Valve's initial decisions but keeps the final outcome as a work-in-process.
Opening Up and Letting Go: The Practice of Free Attention
by Timothy ButlerA crisis can provide a unique opportunity: a chance to figure out what's really important by challenging your mental model - your preconceived notions - of life. You can do this through the practice of "free attention," which requires you to free yourself from distractions so that you can take in new information. Doing this is essential to moving past the feeling of being stuck.
Opening Up by Cracking Down: Labor Repression and Trade Liberalization in Democratic Developing Countries (Political Economy of Institutions and Decisions)
by Adam DeanHow did democratic developing countries open their economies during the late-twentieth century? Since labor unions opposed free trade, democratic governments often used labor repression to ease the process of trade liberalization. Some democracies brazenly jailed union leaders and used police brutality to break the strikes that unions launched against such reforms. Others weakened labor union opposition through subtler tactics, such as banning strikes and retaliating against striking workers. Either way, this book argues that democratic developing countries were more likely to open their economies if they violated labor rights. Opening Up By Cracking Down draws on fieldwork interviews and archival research on Argentina, Mexico, Bolivia, Turkey, and India, as well as quantitative analysis of data from over one hundred developing countries to places labor unions and labor repression at the heart of the debate over democracy and trade liberalization in developing countries.
Opening Up: Capital Flows and Financial Sector Dynamics in Low-Income Developing Countries (Imf Working Papers)
by Jorge Alvarez and Carlo PizzinelliA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Opening Weekend: An Insider's Look at Marketing Hollywood's Hits and Flops
by Jim FredrickIn a world where movie marketers are the stars of the story, Opening Weekend: An Insider's Look at Marketing Hollywood's Hits and Flops recounts Jim Fredrick’s journey through the realm of movie marketing. Fredrick offers readers exclusive access to behind-the-scenes anecdotes and firsthand accounts of working with studio executives and navigating relationships with famous movie stars and directors.After starting his career in 1983 as a trailer editor and producer at famed advertising boutique Intralink, Jim Fredrick went on to serve as president of marketing at Castle Rock Entertainment; senior vice president of creative advertising at Warner Bros.; and executive vice president of marketing at Sony Screen Gems. In 2011, he founded his own company, Jim Fredrick Motion Picture Marketing. Across a span of thirty-five years, Fredrick’s roles as a trailer maker and studio executive allowed him to craft advertising campaigns for a range of movies, from such iconic cinematic gems as The Shawshank Redemption to the widely beloved Harry Potter franchise, to commercial failures like The Adventures of Pluto Nash and Fired Up! Opening Weekend explores the intricacies of the lesser-known business of film distribution and marketing, unraveling the complex mechanisms through which movies are sold to discriminating audiences. Replete with triumphs, setbacks, and the relentless spirit that drives the creation and promotion of cinematic masterpieces, Opening Weekend promises an enthralling glimpse into the previously untold world of Hollywood movies.
OpenInvest
by Shawn Cole Boris Vallee Nicole Tempest KellerFounded by a team of hedge fund and NGO alumni, OpenInvest launched its platform in 2015 to enable retail investors to tailor their portfolios to their personal values in an automated way, for instance by screening out weapons manufacturers stocks or overweighting LGBTQ friendly companies, while still closely tracking the overall stock market performance. In 2017, bolstered by $3.25 million in seed funding from Andreessen Horowitz, OpenInvest was preparing to launch an app targeted at millennial customers that would include a novel proxy voting feature that allowed clients to vote on shareholder resolutions with a simple swipe. With this technological addition, OpenInvest was well on its way towards realizing its mission of democratizing socially responsible investing, bringing transparency to the financial services market, and enabling retail investors to invest their capital in a way that aligned with their values. However, getting to scale and profitability in the crowded robo-advisors space was a critical challenge. The case closes with the founders contemplating expanding or migrating their model from B2C to B2B in order to achieve scale and profitability faster. The case is an opportunity to discuss the theoretical underpinning of creating impact in public markets, to explore how portfolio performance might be affected by Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) screens, and to understand drivers of demand for impacting investing more broadly. The case also explores the challenges the founders face when aiming to design a new product to meet an emerging need and which distribution channel to choose for doing so.
OpenInvest
by Nicole Tempest Keller Boris Vallee Shawn ColeFounded by a team of hedge fund and NGO alumni, OpenInvest launched its platform in 2015 to enable retail investors to tailor their portfolios to their personal values in an automated way, for instance by screening out weapons manufacturers stocks or overweighting LGBTQ friendly companies, while still closely tracking the overall stock market performance. In 2017, bolstered by $3.25 million in seed funding from Andreessen Horowitz, OpenInvest was preparing to launch an app targeted at millennial customers that would include a novel proxy voting feature that allowed clients to vote on shareholder resolutions with a simple swipe. With this technological addition, OpenInvest was well on its way towards realizing its mission of democratizing socially responsible investing, bringing transparency to the financial services market, and enabling retail investors to invest their capital in a way that aligned with their values. However, getting to scale and profitability in the crowded robo-advisors space was a critical challenge. The case closes with the founders contemplating expanding or migrating their model from B2C to B2B in order to achieve scale and profitability faster. The case is an opportunity to discuss the theoretical underpinning of creating impact in public markets, to explore how portfolio performance might be affected by Socially Responsible Investment (SRI) screens, and to understand drivers of demand for impacting investing more broadly. The case also explores the challenges the founders face when aiming to design a new product to meet an emerging need and which distribution channel to choose for doing so.
Openness and Coordination: National Economies of the U.S., Japan, and Germany in a Globalized World
by Hyeong-ki KwonThis book documents various patterns of re-constructing national economies in corporate globalization. As international competition toughens, major national corporations have been forced to reorganize themselves beyond their national boundaries in order to survive. The problem is that a serious tension arises between these national corporations’ self-interests and the overall interests of their national economies. Contrary to neoliberal optimism and nationalist pessimism, globalization does not lead to natural upgrade or denationalization. This book examines how three nations, including the free-market liberal U.S., the statist model of Japan, and the social coordination model of Germany, have reconstituted their national economies.
Openness, Economic Growth and Regional Disparities
by Yanqing JiangSubstantial disparities across different Chinese regions are one of the most prominent features in China's development process. This book investigates the mechanisms through which openness affects regional economic growth and interregional disparities in China. Based on the latest data and employing a variety of panel data regression techniques, it provides readers with new findings that shed light on the effects of openness on China's regional economic growth and the evolution of the country's interregional disparities.
OpenNotes
by Annelena Lobb Jeffrey RayportIn 2017, executives at OpenNotes, a national movement to improve the relationship between doctors and patients by sharing doctors' visit notes about patients with patients, were considering options in efforts to achieve scale. The movement hoped to reach 50 million patients by 2020. One opportunity was building an OpenNotes app for smartphones, in which patients could access their visit notes on their phones through an app compatible with Apple CareKit. But OpenNotes had other options, including partnerships with consumer groups and insurers. In addition, they would always have a role in encouraging doctors and institutions to share notes more readily. What was the best way to scale OpenNotes? Was it the app route, or some other way to pursue the group's ambitions?
OpenShift Multi-Cluster Management Handbook: Go from architecture to pipelines using GitOps
by Giovanni Fontana Rafael Pecora Marcos AmorimDiscover best practices for designing and scaling robust OpenShift clusters' architecture for different workloadsManage multiple clusters on-premise or in the cloud using multi-cluster management tools to keep them secure and compliantImplement multi-cluster CI/CD on OpenShift using GitOpsKey FeaturesDiscover best practices to design robust OpenShift architecture and scale them to different workloadsUnderstand the minimal collection of topics you should consider in your container security strategyImplement multi-cluster CI/CD on OpenShift using GitOpsBook DescriptionFor IT professionals working with Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform, the key to maximizing efficiency is understanding the powerful and resilient options to maintain the software development platform with minimal effort. OpenShift Multi-Cluster Management Handbook is a deep dive into the technology, containing knowledge essential for anyone who wants to work with OpenShift.This book starts by covering the architectural concepts and definitions necessary for deploying OpenShift clusters. It then takes you through designing Red Hat OpenShift for hybrid and multi-cloud infrastructure, showing you different approaches for multiple environments (from on-premises to cloud providers). As you advance, you'll learn container security strategies to protect pipelines, data, and infrastructure on each layer. You'll also discover tips for critical decision making once you understand the importance of designing a comprehensive project considering all aspects of an architecture that will allow the solution to scale as your application requires.By the end of this OpenShift book, you'll know how to design a comprehensive Red Hat OpenShift cluster architecture, deploy it, and effectively manage your enterprise-grade clusters and other critical components using tools in OpenShift Plus.What you will learnUnderstand the important aspects of OpenShift cluster architectureDesign your infrastructure to run across hybrid cloudsDefine the best strategy for multitenancy on OpenShiftDiscover efficient troubleshooting strategies with OpenShiftBuild and deploy your applications using OpenShift Pipelines (Tekton)Work with ArgoCD to deploy your applications using GitOps practicesMonitor your clusters' security using Red Hat Advanced Cluster SecurityWho this book is forThis book is for a wide range of IT professionals using or looking to use OpenShift with a hybrid/multi-cloud approach. In this book, IT architects will find practical guidance on OpenShift clusters' architecture, while Sysadmins, SREs, and IT operators will learn more about OpenShift deployment, troubleshooting, networking, security, and tools to manage multiple clusters from a single pane. For DevOps engineers, this book covers CI/CD strategies for multiple clusters using GitOps. Equipped with just basic knowledge of containerization and Kubernetes, you're ready to get started.
OpenStack in Action
by Cody BumgardnerSummaryOpenStack in Action offers the real world use cases and step-by-step instructions you can take to develop your own cloud platform from from inception to deployment. This book guides you through the design of both the physical hardware cluster and the infrastructure services you'll need to create a custom cloud platform.Purchase of the print book includes a free eBook in PDF, Kindle, and ePub formats from Manning Publications.About the TechnologyOpenStack is an open source framework that lets you create a private or public cloud platform on your own physical servers. You build custom infrastructure, platform, and software services without the expense and vendor lock-in associated with proprietary cloud platforms like Amazon Web Services and Microsoft Azure. With an OpenStack private cloud, you can get increased security, more control, improved reliability, and lower costs.About the BookOpenStack in Action offers real-world use cases and step-by-step instructions on how to develop your own cloud platform. This book guides you through the design of both the physical hardware cluster and the infrastructure services you'll need. You'll learn how to select and set up virtual and physical servers, how to implement software-defined networking, and technical details of designing, deploying, and operating an OpenStack cloud in your enterprise. You'll also discover how to best tailor your OpenStack deployment for your environment. Finally, you'll learn how your cloud can offer user-facing software and infrastructure services.What's InsideDevelop and deploy an enterprise private cloudPrivate cloud technologies from an IT perspectiveOrganizational impact of self-service cloud computingAbout the ReaderNo prior knowledge of OpenStack or cloud development is assumed.About the AuthorCody Bumgardner is the Chief Technology Architect at a large university where he is responsible for the architecture, deployment, and long-term strategy of OpenStack private clouds and other cloud computing initiatives.Table of ContentsPART 1 GETTING STARTEDIntroducing OpenStackTaking an OpenStack test-driveLearning basic OpenStack operationsUnderstanding private cloud building blocksPART 2 WALKING THROUGH A MANUAL DEPLOYMENTWalking through a Controller deploymentWalking through a Networking deploymentWalking through a Block Storage deploymentWalking through a Compute deploymentPART 3 BUILDING A PRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTArchitecting your OpenStackDeploying CephAutomated HA OpenStack deployment with FuelCloud orchestration using OpenStack
Operaciones con futuros financieros: Guía de trading para el mercado argentino
by Mariano Pantanetti Germán MarínLo que tiene precio puede tener precio futuro, y si puede tener precio futuro, habrá un mercado para negociarlo. Estas operaciones requieren de un conocimiento técnico que los autores comparten aquí para ayudar al lector a ampliar sus horizontes financieros... por un futuro mejor. ¿Qué son los futuros? ¿Cómo se opera en los mercados de futuros? ¿Con qué marco normativo se rigen? ¿Cuáles son las especificaciones de cada contrato? ¿Cómo se evitan errores de estrategia? ¿Por qué invertir en futuros financieros? Los autores introducen el mundo de los futuros de commodities, divisas, acciones y títulos públicos, y enseñan a hacer tasa con futuros de dólar, índice Rofex y criptomonedas. Combinan ejemplos reales, reflexiones, conceptos teóricos y ejercicios con la terminología más usada y el software más útil. Además, este libro presenta dos generosas colaboraciones: Alejandro Romero Maidana desarrolla paso a paso una estrategia de análisis técnico aplicada a futuros, y Hernán Soulages, de Quiena Inversiones, explica los efectos contango y backwardation para ajustar la estrategia según las condiciones del mercado. Como sostiene Iván Dalonso -Chief Business Officer del Grupo Matba Rofex- en el prólogo, "Mariano Pantanetti y Germán Marin logran reflejar con creces esa pasión por los mercados de futuros y opciones, su evolución y, más en concreto, la utilidad de los instrumentos derivados para la vida cotidiana".
Operating Across Boundaries: Leading Adaptive Change
by Ronald HeifetzHuman communities have always had to acquire new adaptive capacity. With each new wrinkle of complexity, often generated by new technologies, people have had to invent and discover new ways of living and doing business across group boundaries. So it should come as no surprise that in the face of our ever-changing and globalizing technologies, practices, and aspirations, we face important challenges for which our current repertoire of strategies for managing relationships across groups will not suffice. In this chapter, Ronald Heifetz, founding director of the Center for Public Leadership at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government, briefly outlines the kind of work required when organizations and communities face intergroup problems requiring some degree of new organizational or cultural adaptation. Here he focuses on three aspects of adaptive work: the commonality of loss, the politics of inclusion and exclusion, and the task of renegotiating loyalties. This chapter was previously published as chapter 10 of "Crossing the Divide: Intergroup Leadership in a World of Difference."
Operating as a Team: Putting Ideas to Work
by Harvard Business Review PressMany teams encounter problems operationally when the work first begins. Work patterns may develop that hinder the planned vision of the team. This chapter examines key aspects of team operations that help create the most effective group possible.
Operating Room Leadership and Management
by Alan D. Kaye Charles J. Fox III Richard D. UrmanEffective management of the OR is critical in all clinical settings, where ensuring that policies, systems, staff members and teams are efficient, safe and cost-effective is paramount. Operating Room Leadership and Management is a comprehensive resource for physicians and administrators involved in the day-to-day management of operating rooms in a hospital setting or smaller-scale facilities. Topics include: • OR metrics • Scheduling • Human resource management • Leadership • Economics • IT management • Quality assurance • Recovery. This practical, evidence-based text is written by leaders in the field of OR management and is relevant to medical directors, administrators and managing physicians. Specific nursing considerations, preoperative patient evaluation, financial performance measures and pain clinic management are also discussed in detail. Operating Room Leadership and Management enables all OR managers to improve the efficiency and performance of their operating rooms.
Operating Under High-Risk Conditions in Temporary Organizations: A Sociotechnical Systems Perspective (Routledge Advances in Management and Business Studies)
by Matthijs MoorkampOrganizations increasingly use temporary designs. Many temporary organizations are assembled by "mixing and matching" building blocks from static, bureaucratic, parent organizations into a temporary configuration. At the same time, such "mixed and matched" temporary organizations often operate under difficult and dangerous circumstances. During operations, these temporary organizations can experience numerous internal problems: ranging from friendly fire in a military context to budget and time issues in construction projects and problematic coordination in a crisis management context. This book develops insight into the relationship between a "mixing and matching" temporary design strategy and operational problems. To so do, military and crisis management contexts are systematically studied from a sociotechnical design perspective that emphasizes self-organization to develop organizational controllability. Operating Under High-Risk Conditions in Temporary Organizations demonstrates that a "mixing and matching" design strategy can be related to system failure. Furthermore, it is shown that a process of self-design emerged in which operators attempted to create ad-hoc networks for meaningful, safe and controllable operations. The analyses result in a model that shows mechanisms between characteristics of organizational design and controllability of operations. Not only does this model have relevance to the military and crisis management contexts, relevance is also demonstrated for a broader family of temporary organizations and application of sociotechnical network design theory.
Operation Dark Heart: Spycraft and Special Ops on the Frontlines of Afghanistan -- and the Path to Victory
by Anthony ShafferOn Friday, August 13, 2010, just as St. Martin's Press was readying its initial shipment of this book, the Department of Defense contacted us to express its concern that our publication of Operation Dark Heart could cause damage to U.S. national security. After consulting with our author, we agreed to incorporate some of the government's changes into a revised edition of his book while redacting other text he was told was classified. The newly revised book keeps our national interests secure, but this highly qualified warrior's story is still intact; Shaffer's assessment of successes and failures in Afghanistan remains dramatic, shocking, and crucial reading for anyone concerned about the outcome of the war. While I do not agree with the edits in many ways, the DoD redactions enhance; the reader's understanding by drawing attention to; the flawed results created by a disorganized and heavy handed military intelligence bureaucracy. Lt. Col. Anthony Shaffer had run intelligence operations for years before he arrived in Afghanistan. He was part of the; dark side of the force;---the shadowy elements of the U.S. government that function outside the bounds of the normal system. His group called themselves the Jedi Knights and pledged to use the dark arts of espionage to protect the country from its enemies. Shaffer's mission to Afghanistan, however, was unlike any he had ever experienced before. There, he led a black-ops team on the forefront of the military efforts to block the Taliban's resurgence. They not only planned complex intelligence operations to beat back the insurgents, but also played a key role in executing those operations---outside the wire. They succeeded in striking at the core of the Taliban and their safe havens across the border in Pakistan. For a moment Shaffer saw us winning the war. Then the military brass got involved. The policies that top officials relied on were hopelessly flawed. Shaffer and his team were forced to sit and watch as the insurgency grew---just across the border in Pakistan. This wasn't the first time he had seen bureaucracy stand in the way of national security. He had participated in Able Danger, the aborted intelligence operation that identified many of the future 9/11 terrorists but failed to pursue them. His attempt to reveal the truth to the 9/11 Commission would not go over well with his higher-ups. Operation Dark Heart tells the story of what really went on--and what went wrong--in Afghanistan. Shaffer witnessed firsthand the tipping point, when what seemed like certain victory turned into failure. Now, in this book, he maps out a way that could put us on the path to winning the war.