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Oaktree and the Restructuring of CIT Group (B)
by David S. Scharfstein Victoria IvashinaThis supplement presents the actual terms of the rescue financing provided by a group of private investors to CIT. It is intended to be distributed at the end of the discussion of "Oaktree and the Restructuring of CIT Group (A)" (HBS No. 214-035) and can be used as background to reflect on the students' proposal of financing terms for the $3 billion rescue financing of CIT.
Oaktree: Pierre Foods Investment
by Victoria Ivashina Mike HarmonThis case is a setting to discuss "loan to own" investment strategy that is often pursued by distressed investors. The aftermath of the 2007 financial crisis left many companies with poor liquidity and limited ability to obtain credit. One of these companies was Pierre Foods, a producer and distributor of processed and precooked protein products that had experienced several years of promising sales growth and held a leading market position. Despite this, 2007 saw Pierre foods adversely affected by a spike in production costs and unsustainably high leverage. This made Pierre Foods an attractive opportunity for Oaktree Capital Management, allowing them to employ its strategy of investing in distressed debt securities with the goal of leading a restructuring during which their debt investment would be converted into a controlling equity stake. The challenge of executing "loan to own" strategy is being able to identify ahead of the restructuring the debt layer that stands to becoming equity (the so called "fulcrum security"). Overall, this case can be used to understand unique elements of a representative distressed investment. It can also be used as a platform for discussing sources of value and risks associated with distressed investing.
Oasys Water: Balancing Strategic Partnerships & Financing Decisions
by Ramana Nanda William A. Sahlman Sid MisraCase
OAuth 2.0 Identity and Access Management Patterns
by Martin SpasovskiThis is a practical and fast-paced guide that gives you all the information you need to start implementing secure OAuth 2.0 implementations in your web applications.OAuth 2.0 Identity and Access Management Patterns is intended for software developers, software architects, and enthusiasts working with the OAuth 2.0 framework. In order to learn and understand the OAuth 2.0 grant flow, it is assumed that you have some basic knowledge of HTTP communication. For the practical examples, basic knowledge of HTML templating, programming languages, and executing commands in the command line terminal is assumed.
Obama and America's Public Sector Plague
by Edmund J. McmahonPublic-sector employees enjoy much more generous pay and benefit packages than private-sector workers, including guaranteed pensions and retiree health benefits whose long-term costs threaten to break the backs of state and local taxpayers. In this provocative Broadside, E.J. McMahon explains how the policies of the Obama administration have shielded most state and local government employees from the worst effects of the Great Recession. President Obama's stimulus bill helped most states and local governments continue raising average employee pay even at the depths of the downturn. In the name of promoting "economic recovery," the president wants to spend tens of billions more to prop up government payrolls and preserve cushy employee benefits. Meanwhile, public-sector labor unions are exploiting their influence in Washington in an bid to expand and strengthen their power throughout the country. The president's push for more federal spending to preserve the status quo in state and local government is a wasted opportunity to promote much-needed structural reform.
Obama and the Crash of 2013
by Peter FerraraMost people do not know that already enacted in current law for 2013 are increases in the top tax rates of virtually every major federal tax. That is because the tax increases of Obamacare become effective that year, and the Bush tax cuts expire, which Obama has refused to renew for the nation's small businesses, job creators and investors.Also by 2013 Obama's regulatory tsunami will be building to a crescendo of increased costs on the economy. And the Fed, now committed to maintaining loose monetary policy through the election, will be reversing course right after to head off inflation, which will add to the contractionary effects on the economy.The result will be one whopping, horrendous, record shattering recession, unless America changes course. In this explosive Broadside, former Reagan White House policy advisor Peter Ferrara exposes the final calamitous consequences of Obama's assault on prosperity
Obama versus Clinton: The YouTube Primary
by John Deighton Leora KornfeldWhat was the role of the Internet in the contest for the Democratic presidential nomination between Senators Obama and Clinton? How does the role change in the shift from the Primary to the National election? The case examines media and content choices by each candidate, and allows students to explore the role of new media in political campaigns. The focus is on fundraising in 2007 and campaigning for Primary delegate votes in 2008.
Obamacare
by Katrina Flanagan Matthew C. WeinzierlOne vote in June, 2012, decided the fate of President Barack Obama's crowning first-term achievement: universal health insurance. Chief Justice John Roberts of the U.S. Supreme Court cast the deciding vote to uphold the keystone of the reform: the mandate to purchase insurance. That mandate had a convoluted history. Though born in a conservative think-tank and originally adopted by Republican leaders as a necessary component of reform, it was rejected by Republicans when taken on board by the President and Democrats. Roberts' decision rested on an interpretation of the mandate as a tax. Instructors may also obtain a Teaching Note, written by this case's author, that provides suggestions for using this case effectively in the classroom.
Obamanomics: How Bottom-Up Economic Prosperity Will Replace Trickle-Down Economics
by John R. TalbottBestselling author John R. Talbott, who predicted the housing and mortgage crisis, pictures in Obamanomics--written well in advance of the historic 2008 elections--a Barack Obama presidency based on justice and cooperation--principles that have not held sway in Washington, DC, for quite some time. Talbott's powerful grasp of finance allows him to connect the issue of financial inequality in America with our need as a people to embrace change.Obama has shown he knows that divisions among races, religions, and political views have prevented Americans from coming together to solve the most important problems of our age. Obamanomics, infused with Obama's speeches, campaign policy statements, and other writings, describes a government acting according to democratic principles to enact lobbying reform, get our economy moving again, fix our healthcare system, slow global warming, prevent unnecessary wars, improve education, address the aging of our population, find alternative energy sources, and bring about housing, mortgage, and banking reform.
Obama's Enforcer: Eric Holder's Justice Department
by John Fund Hans Von Spakovsky“A book that should be required reading for any citizen concerned with the unprecedented erosion of the rule of law under the Obama administration.” —Luther Strange, former U.S. SenatorIn Obama’s Enforcer, authors John Fund and Hans von Spakovsky provide the first explosive look inside the feared and powerful Department of Justice. They describe the transformation of the DOJ into a stronghold of progressive legal activism and provide in-depth portraits of the radical lawyers in Eric Holder’s inner circle.Holder survives because his agency acts as a heat shield for the Obama administration, protecting the president’s flank on numerous fronts. He also survives because his department is actively advancing Obama’s hidden political agenda, from the administration’s war on Fox News to its harassment of Tea Party activists. He has injected a new politically correct laxity into domestic security issues, eliminating the use of the words “radical Islam” and pushing for civilian trials for terrorists. He has also presided over an unprecedented expansion of politically correct actions at the DOJ’s Civil Rights Division and launched a widespread attack on election integrity efforts.In addition to monitoring reporters’ phone records, DOJ lawyers were involved in instigating Operation Fast and Furious, ignoring the deliberate leaking of classified documents by the White House to favored reporters, the funneling of taxpayer funds to political allies through collusive settlements, and much more. Obama’s Enforcer provides the first investigative look inside the country’s largest law enforcement agency and reveals its true and dangerous role in advancing Obama's agenda.“Obama’s Enforcer catalogues the abuses of power at the Department of Justice under Attorney General Holder.” —Senator Ted Cruz
Oberoi Hotels: Train Whistle in the Tiger Reserve
by Ananth Raman Vidhya Muthuram Ryan W. BuellCelebrated as one of the world's premiere luxury hotel brands, Oberoi Hotels attracts and serves some of the most quality sensitive guests in the world. The case considers the challenge of how an organization, with a standardized service model, can repeatedly delight customers whose expectations grow with every interaction. To explore this question, the case details the design elements of Oberoi's complex service operation, including its approaches to employee management and continuous improvement, as well as the dynamics of service competition in a rapidly growing market.
Obesity Management at Kaiser Permanente: A New Mindset for Healthcare Delivery?
by Christiana Beveridge Gregory Leya Kevin SchulmanKaiser Permanente (KP) is the largest managed care organization in the US with over 10 million members. KP evolved from a pre-payment or capitation model that focuses the organization around the efficiency of care and the health of the population it serves. This financial model is in stark contrast to the fee-for-service payment model for other health care organizations. Given the epidemic of obesity in the US, KP is facing an enormous potential liability from future costs of obesity and diabetes. Given low turnover in health plan membership, how should they respond to this crisis? How should they invest in the health of their covered population, their employees, and the communities they serve? The case details the origins and development of KP.
Obesity Management at Kaiser Permanente: A New Mindset for Healthcare Delivery?
by Christiana Beveridge Gregory Leya Kevin A SchulmanKaiser Permanente (KP) is the largest managed care organization in the US with over 10 million members. KP evolved from a pre-payment or capitation model that focuses the organization around the efficiency of care and the health of the population it serves. This financial model is in stark contrast to the fee-for-service payment model for other health care organizations. Given the epidemic of obesity in the US, KP is facing an enormous potential liability from future costs of obesity and diabetes. Given low turnover in health plan membership, how should they respond to this crisis? How should they invest in the health of their covered population, their employees, and the communities they serve? The case details the origins and development of KP.
Objections: The Ultimate Guide for Mastering The Art and Science of Getting Past No
by Mark Hunter Jeb BlountThere are few one-size-fits-all solutions in sales. Context matters. Complex sales are different from one-call closes. B2B is different than B2C. Prospects, territories, products, industries, companies, and sales processes are all different. There is little black and white in the sales profession. Except for objections. There is democracy in objections. Every salesperson must endure many NOs in order to get to YES. Objections don’t care or consider: Who you are What you sell How you sell If you are new to sales or a veteran If your sales cycle is long or short – complex or transactional For as long as salespeople have been asking buyers to make commitments, buyers have been throwing out objections. And, for as long as buyers have been saying no, salespeople have yearned for the secrets to getting past those NOs. Following in the footsteps of his blockbuster bestsellers Fanatical Prospecting and Sales EQ, Jeb Blount’s Objections is a comprehensive and contemporary guide that engages your heart and mind. In his signature right-to-the-point style, Jeb pulls no punches and slaps you in the face with the cold, hard truth about what’s really holding you back from closing sales and reaching your income goals. Then he pulls you in with examples, stories, and lessons that teach powerful human-influence frameworks for getting past NO - even with the most challenging objections. What you won’t find, though, is old school techniques straight out of the last century. No bait and switch schemes, no sycophantic tie-downs, no cheesy scripts, and none of the contrived closing techniques that leave you feeling like a phony, destroy relationships, and only serve to increase your buyers’ resistance. Instead, you’ll learn a new psychology for turning-around objections and proven techniques that work with today’s more informed, in control, and skeptical buyers. Inside the pages of Objections, you’ll gain deep insight into: How to get past the natural human fear of NO and become rejection proof The science of resistance and why buyers throw out objections Human influence frameworks that turn you into a master persuader The key to avoiding embarrassing red herrings that derail sales calls How to leverage the “Magical Quarter of a Second” to instantly gain control of your emotions when you get hit with difficult objections Proven objection turn-around frameworks that give you confidence and control in virtually every sales situation How to easily skip past reflex responses on cold calls and when prospecting How to move past brush-offs to get to the next step, increase pipeline velocity, and shorten the sales cycle The 5 Step Process for Turning Around Buying Commitment Objections and closing the sale Rapid Negotiation techniques that deliver better terms and higher prices As you dive into these powerful insights, and with each new chapter, you’ll gain greater and greater confidence in your ability to face and effectively handle objections in any selling situation. And, with this new-found confidence, your success and income will soar.
Objectives: How to Clarify What You're Really Trying to Achieve With Your Decision
by John S. Hammond Ralph L. Keeney Howard RaiffaThis chapter examines one of the keys to effective decision making: thinking through your objectives to give direction to your decision making.
Objectives and Key Results: Driving Focus, Alignment, and Engagement with OKRs
by Ben Lamorte Paul R. NivenEverything you need to implement Objectives and Key Results (OKRs) effectively Objectives and Key Results is the first full-fledged reference guide on Objectives and Key Results, a critical thinking framework designed to help organizations create value through focus, alignment, and better communication. Written by two leading OKRs consultants and researchers, this book provides a one-stop resource for organizations looking to quantify qualitative goals and ensure each team focuses their efforts to make measureable progress on their most important goals. You'll learn how OKRs came to be and how leading companies use them every day to help teams and employees stretch their thinking about what's possible, build their goal-setting muscles and achieve results that reflect their full potential. From the basic framework to a detailed dissection of best practices, this informative guide walks you through real-world implementations to help you get the most out of OKRs. OKRs help employees work together, focus effort, and drive the organization forward. Key results are used to define what it means to achieve broad, qualitative goals, and imperatives like "do it better" are transformed into clear, measureable markers. From the framework's inception in the 1980s to its popularity in today's hyper-competitive environment, OKRs make work more engaging and feature frequent feedback cycles that enable workers to see the progress they make at work each and every day. This book shows you everything you need to know to implement OKRs effectively. Understand the basics of OKRs and their day-to-day use Learn how to gain the executive support critical to a successful implementation Maintain an effective program with key assessment tips Tailor the OKRs framework to your organization's needs Objectives and Key Results is your key resource for designing, planning, implementing, and maintaining your OKRs program for sustainable company-wide success.
Objectives and Key Results im agilen Projektmanagement: Eine qualitative Analyse zur Identifikation von Erfolgsfaktoren (Business, Economics, and Law)
by Julia Konrad Susanne Theresia WeberIn dem vorliegenden Buch werden die Erfolgsfaktoren des agilen Frameworks Objectives and Key Results (OKR) in Scrum-Projekten untersucht. Dabei wird analysiert, welche Faktoren berücksichtigt werden müssen, um OKR effektiv in Scrum-Projekten einzusetzen. Die empirische Untersuchung basiert auf einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche sowie Experteninterviews, die mittels qualitativer Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet wurden. Die Ergebnisse identifizieren fünf zentrale Handlungsfelder, darunter die Kombination und Synchronisation von OKR und Scrum-Artefakten sowie das Anforderungsmanagement und die Kenntnisse agiler Arbeitsweisen. Basierend auf diesen Erkenntnissen werden praxisrelevante Handlungsempfehlungen abgeleitet, um den erfolgreichen Einsatz von OKR in Scrum-Projekten zu unterstützen.
The Objects of Affection
by Arthur Asa BergerIn this book, pre-eminent semiotician Arthur Asa Berger decodes the meanings of common objects of consumption and their perceived 'sacredness' in consumerist cultures. Using semiotic theory, consumer culture is dissected in new and fascinating ways.
Objetivo: Cómo poner en acción la inteligencia
by José Antonio MarinaObjetivo: generar talento desarrolla un modelo totalmente innovador para comprender el talento entendido como la inteligencia actuando de manera adecuada, brillante, eficiente; y explica cómo se genera, no solo a nivel individual, sino también de las organizaciones y de las sociedades. «Este es un libro optimista. No con el optimismo un poco bobo de los libros de autoayuda que le prometen que puede ser millonario al instante, sino con el optimismo de la neurociencia que sostiene que nuestras posibilidades son mayores aún de lo que creíamos.»José Antonio Marina Cada año se publican infinidad de índices que miden el talento de las organizaciones, de los países, de las economías, pero a juicio de José Antonio Marina estos estudios presentan un error de enfoque. En todos se menciona el talento como si fuera una piedra preciosa escasa y codiciada por la que hayque pujar; da igual que sea en el mundo empresarial que en el mundo futbolístico: hay que fichar al mejor. Esta idea central de que la riqueza es pastel que hay que repartir, es la antítesis de una visión creadora de la inteligencia, capaz de inventar y ampliar nuestras posibilidades, nuestra riqueza, nuestro talento, que defiende José Antonio Marina en este libro. En Objetivo: generar talento, José Antonio Marina ofrece las claves para pensar mejor, sentir mejor, tomar mejores decisiones y ponerlas en práctica con mayor determinación, para lograr que la guerra por el talento abstracto se convierta en la guerra por las personas que saben generar talento.
Objetivo: La vía para reconocer y superar nuestros auténticos retos
by Edurne Pasabán Angélica del CarpioLa confianza es aprender a equivocarte sin abandonar tu sueño, y sin dejar de ser tú mismo. ¿En qué consiste el éxito auténtico? ¿Cómo podemos mantener la confianza incluso cuando las circunstancias que nos rodean se vuelven adversas? Edurne Pasabán y Angélica Del Carpio, su coach desde hace años, nos muestran a través de Objetivo: confianza cómo podemos encarar los puntos de inflexión en la vida y en nuestras carreras, sin perder de vista nuestros verdaderos sueños. En el libro revivimos la famosa expedición de Edurne al Everest en 2011, sin oxígeno, en la que se enfrentó a situaciones muy comprometidas que le obligaron a tomar decisiones que afectaban al destino de su equipo a la vez que ponían en peligro el éxito de la expedición. A través de las vivencias de la alpinista y la interpretación que nos ofrece Angélica Del Carpio, descubriremos que la mejor brújula para orientarnos en la incertidumbre resulta ser la quereside en nosotros mismos, y que ser fiel a uno mismo y saber definirnos por lo que somos y no por los resultados que obtenemos nos llevará al éxito verdadero. Objetivo: confianza es, por lo tanto, una llamada a la responsabilidad de cada persona de ser dueña de su destino y de recuperar la confianza en su capacidad y talento. El verdadero compromiso de las personas con sus proyectos, y con los objetivos y programas de las organizaciones donde trabajan, es el factor clave para encarar el futuro que queremos. Reseñas:«Edurne y Angélica reflexionan en este libro sobre algo que es de gran actualidad para las empresas: la aceptación de la inseguridad y del cambio permanentes. Y cómo, a través de la confianza, los valores de innovación y flexibilidad que pedimos en las empresas, nos los debemos pedir a nosotros mismos para apasionarnos con lo que hacemos.»Josep Moragas, consejero delegado, ACC1Ó «Esta experiencia de coaching singular es una lección de cómo la confianza en lo que hacemos, nuestras competencias y la pasión nos pueden ayudar a tomar decisiones creativas e innovadoras en situaciones de crisis. ¡Gracias, Edurne y Angélica, por vuestra generosidad al compartirlo!»Pilar Rojo, executive coach y profesora de dirección de personas y coaching del IE Business School «Una muestra real del arte del coaching, que nos aporta una nueva perspectiva de la responsabilidad y del compromiso. Este es un libro práctico, cercano y directo con el que se identificarán personas y organizaciones que quieran afrontar el futuro de manera constructiva.»Manuel Carreras Fisas, presidente de Sport Cultura Barcelona y coach por el IE Business School «Encontramos en este original ejemplo de buen coaching una mirada profunda que analiza la realidad, y que nos propone -y reta- a los individuos y a las empresas a ser protagonistas y creadores de nuevos escenarios, capaces de estar en armonía con los valores y desafíos de una nueva sociedad.»Ramón Agenjo, secretario patrón, Fundación Damm
El Objetivo del Jugador: La Suite Ejecutiva
by Pastor John Martha MauriPara ganar en la vida, incluso en los negocios, es necesario que sepas quién eres, qué has hecho o qué ha hecho alguien para ayudarte a definir quién eres y diseñar quién debe ser para que tu empresa funcione a tu favor. Tu lugar de trabajo puede ser una iglesia, un almacén, un centro comercial o las oficinas principales de un conglomerado internacional. La gente lo dirige. ¿Puedes ser una de estas personas? Eres inteligente y hábil, pero ¿eres eficiente? Tu CEO es el jugador entre iguales; elegido por sus iguales. El Jugador entre los jugadores astutos con la espada aún desenvainada. ¿Estás en la lista de El Jugador de a quién vigilar? Objetivo del Jugador: la Suite Ejecutiva lo ayuda a comprender la forma en que la política eficaz de las personas mejora tus habilidades para convertir la ambición en un logro. Siempre se trata de personas. Este libro te enseña cómo las personas te impulsan a la suite ejecutiva y te mantienen allí. Es posible que nunca hayas pensado en ser el CEO, la inspiración se inicia aquí. Si alguna vez pensaste que eres lo bastante inteligente, he aquí un espejo, una lista de verificación para tu evaluación. Los CEO también cultivan a sus reemplazos: ¿mi lista coincide con la tuya? Es hora de descubrir quiénes son los prospectos frente a los verdaderos jugadores. Tienes que jugar para ganar, pero solo EL Jugador gana siempre.
Obliging Need: Rural Petty Industry in Mexican Capitalism
by Scott Cook Leigh BinfordFor centuries throughout large portions of the globe, petty agriculturalists and industrialists have set their physical and mental energies to work producing products for direct consumption by their households and for exchange. This twofold household reproduction strategy, according to both Marxist and neoclassical approaches to development, should have disappeared from the global economy as labor was transformed into a producer as well as a consumer of capitalist commodities. But in fact, during the twentieth century, only the United States and Britain seem to have approximated this predicted scenario. Tens of millions of households in contemporary Asia, Africa, and Latin America and millions more in industrialized capitalist economies support themselves through petty commodity production alone or in combination with petty industry wage labor. Obliging Need provides a detailed and comprehensive analysis of small-scale peasant and artisan enterprise in the Oaxaca Valley of Mexico. The authors show how commodity production is organized and operates in different craft industries, as well as the ways in which it combines with other activities such as household chores, agriculture, wage labor, and petty commerce. They demonstrate how--contrary to developmentalist dogma--small-scale capitalism develops from within Mexico's rural economy. These findings will be important for everyone concerned with improving the lives and economic opportunities of countryfolk in the Third World. As the authors make clear, political mobilization in rural Mexico will succeed only as it addresses the direct producers' multiple needs for land, credit, more jobs, health insurance, and, most importantly, more equitable remuneration for their labor and greater rewards for their enterprise. For centuries throughout large portions of the globe, petty agriculturalists and industrialists have set their physical and mental energies to work producing products for direct consumption by their households and for exchange. This twofold household reproduction strategy, according to both Marxist and neoclassical approaches to development, should have disappeared from the global economy as labor was transformed into a producer as well as a consumer of capitalist commodities. But in fact, during the twentieth century, only the United States and Britain seem to have approximated this predicted scenario. Tens of millions of households in contemporary Asia, Africa, and Latin America and millions more in industrialized capitalist economies support themselves through petty commodity production alone or in combination with petty industry wage labor. Obliging Need provides a detailed and comprehensive analysis of small-scale peasant and artisan enterprise in the Oaxaca Valley of Mexico. The authors show how commodity production is organized and operates in different craft industries, as well as the ways in which it combines with other activities such as household chores, agriculture, wage labor, and petty commerce. They demonstrate how--contrary to developmentalist dogma--small-scale capitalism develops from within Mexico's rural economy. These findings will be important for everyone concerned with improving the lives and economic opportunities of countryfolk in the Third World. As the authors make clear, political mobilization in rural Mexico will succeed only as it addresses the direct producers' multiple needs for land, credit, more jobs, health insurance, and, most importantly, more equitable remuneration for their labor and greater rewards for their enterprise.
Obliquity
by John KayA leading economist charts the indirect road to happiness and wealth. Using dozens of practical examples from the worlds of business, politics, science, sports, literature, even parenting, esteemed economist John Kay proves a notion that feels at once paradoxical and deeply commonsensical: The best way to achieve any complex or broadly defined goal-from happiness to wealth to profit to preventing forest fires-is the indirect way. As Kay points out, we rarely know enough about the intricacies of important problems to tackle them head-on. And our unpredictable interactions with other people and the world at large mean that the path to our goals-and sometimes the goals themselves-will inevitably change. We can learn about our objectives and how to achieve them only through a gradual process of risk taking and discovery-what Kay calls obliquity. Kay traces this pathway to satisfaction as it manifests itself in nearly every aspect of life. The wealthiest people-from Andrew Carnegie to Bill Gates-achieved their riches through a passion for their work, not because they set materialistic goals. Research has shown that companies whose goal (as declared in mission statements) is excellent products or service are more profitable than companies whose stated goal is increasing profits. In the personal realm, a large body of evidence shows that parenthood is on a daily basis far more frustrating than happy- making. Yet parents are statistically happier than nonparents. Though their short-term pleasure is often thwarted by the demands of childrearing, the subtle-oblique-rewards of parenthood ultimately make them happier. Once he establishes the ubiquity of obliquity, Kay offers a wealth of practical guidance for avoiding the traps laid by the direct approach to complex problems. Directness blinds us to new information that contradicts our presumptions, fools us into confusing logic with truth, cuts us off from our intuition (which is the subconscious expression of our experience), shunts us away from alternative solutions that may be better than the one we're set on, and more. Kay also shows us how to acknowledge our limitations, redefine our goals to fit our skills, open our minds to new data and solutions, and otherwise live life with obliquity. This bracing manifesto will convince listeners-or confirm their conviction-that the best route to satisfaction and success does not run through the bottom line.
OBQ! The Question Behind the Question: Practicing Personal Accountability in Business and in Life
by John G. MillerThe covers the subject of personal accountability, with a surprisingly questions that we ask ourselves. For example, "why is this happening again?" "Who is responsible," and "When will this improve?" which determines our emotional response to the difficult situations that life presents.
Obra selecta
by Salomón KalmanovitzEste libro reúne por primera vez los ensayos más influyentes de Salomón Kalmanovitz en el que se analiza el país desde una acertada perspectiva económica. Salomón Kalmanovitz es uno de los principales historiadores de la economía colombiana este libro constituye una mirada en conjunto en la que destaca una historia de la economía y de las ideas, así como sólidas hipótesis sobre la lenta construcción del Estado colombiano, la macroeconomía marxista, el desarrollo financiero y la inestabilidad financiera aplicada a la realidad colombiana. Este libro abre con una autobiografía intelectual y un ensayo dedicado al orden social y la construcción del Estado en Colombia, escritos especialmente para el volumen. En total son doce artículos cuya escala temporal comprende desde el siglo XVIII hasta primera década del Siglo XXI.