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The Role of Neoliberalism in the Marketisation of Higher Education (Palgrave Studies on Global Policy and Critical Futures in Education)
by Gerbrand TholenThis book assesses to what extent marketisation in Higher Education can be attributed to Neoliberalism. Higher education sectors in many countries have increasingly relied on market mechanisms in their management and functioning, particularly in their provision of education. Many assume that Neoliberalism, with its pursuit of free markets and competition, is the key driver. Neoliberalism continues to be a popular concept to describe the social, political, and economic worlds around us, but there is little consensus on how it should be defined or understood. The book argues that there is a clear scope for the use of Neoliberalism to describe the direction HE is shifting towards, but it is rather inadequate on its own and not applicable in all areas.
The Role of Non-State Actors in the Green Transition: Building a Sustainable Future (Routledge Explorations in Environmental Studies)
by Jens Hoff Quentin Gausset Simon LexThis book argues that there is no way to make progress in building a sustainable future without extensive participation of non-state actors. The volume explores the contribution of non-state actors to a sustainable transition, starting with citizens and communities of different kinds and ending with cities and city-networks. The authors analyse social, cultural, political and economic drivers and barriers for this transition, from individual behaviour to structural restraints, and investigate interplay between the two. Through a series of wide-ranging case studies from the UK, Australia, Germany, Italy and Denmark, and a number of comparative case studies, the volume provides an empirically and theoretically robust argument that highlights the need to develop, widen and scale up collective action and community-based engagement if the transition to sustainability is to be successful. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of climate change, sustainability and environmental policy.
The Role of Pleasure to Improve Tourism Education
by Alejandra Zuccoli Maximiliano E. KorstanjeThis book discusses how pleasure, as an emotional motivation, can play a leading role in improving the learning of new cognitive skills and abilities. Set in a research center orientated to innovate educative techniques for optimizing the learning process, this case study is focusing on the power of pleasure (joy) as a strategy to better the standard education systems in Argentina and beyond.This editorial project is based on an efficient experiment known as “PANCOE” where pre-graduate students of tourism bachelor at the University of Palermo, Argentina, were subject to different pleasurable experiences mainly marked by eating, tasting dishes and non-alcohol drinks while cooking and kneading bread pieces. PANCOE aims to integrate students' senses with their emotions, academic performance, and digital platforms. PANCOE devotes efforts to transforming negative feelings like fear into positive ones like joy. As an outcome, students who had taken part in PANCOE not only obtained higher degrees but also completed their studies with a bachelor's degree. Therefore, PANCOE situates as a promising and exciting tourism education method to better the academic performance of low-grade students in tourism and to bring creativity to the tourism classroom for all students.
Role of Private Equity Firms in Merger and Acquisition Transactions
by William E. FruhanExplores the importance of private equity firms in merger and acquisitions activity around the globe. In many countries, these firms now account for one quarter of the total merger and acquisition activity of all firms. The larger private equity firms generate fees for investment banking firms that exceed $350 million per year. Shows how the general partners of the fund financing the acquisition; the limited partners of the fund financing the acquisition; and the management team running the acquired firm for the private equity sponsor share the shareholder value creation in a successful leveraged buyout sponsored by a private equity firm.
The Role of Prototypes in Design Research: Overview and Cases Studies (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Silvia D. FerrarisThis book provides a theoretical framework for design researchers interested in developing their research work about and with prototypes. It describes prototypes' multiple definitions and possible functions in the multifaceted landscape of today's design research. Indeed, while the manufacturing and digital evolutions enable and require new types of advanced prototypes, the design evolution as an academic discipline continuously widens its perspectives, fields, and research methods, among which are the prototypes' applications, features, and purposes. The framework originates from an interpretation of these interrelated phenomena and a collection of case studies. Additionally, it defines those criteria that characterize the relation between the research (context, discipline, and general scope) and the prototype (nature and specific aims) and, altogether, it presents an overview of prototypes' roles in design research.
The Role of Public-Private Partnerships in Health Systems Strengthening: Workshop Summary
by National Academies of Sciences Engineering MedicineOver the past several decades, the public and private sectors made significant investments in global health, leading to meaningful changes for many of the world's poor. These investments and the resulting progress are often concentrated in vertical health programs, such as child and maternal health, malaria, and HIV, where donors may have a strategic interest. Frequently, partnerships between donors and other stakeholders can coalesce on a specific topical area of expertise and interest. However, to sustain these successes and continue progress, there is a growing recognition of the need to strengthen health systems more broadly and build functional administrative and technical infrastructure that can support health services for all, improve the health of populations, increase the purchasing and earning power of consumers and workers, and advance global security. In June 2015, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine held a workshop on the role of public-private partnerships (PPPs) in health systems strengthening. Participants examined a range of incentives, innovations, and opportunities for relevant sectors and stakeholders in strengthening health systems through partnerships; to explore lessons learned from pervious and ongoing efforts with the goal of illuminating how to improve performance and outcomes going forward; and to discuss measuring the value and outcomes of investments and documenting success in partnerships focused on health systems strengthening. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
The Role of Public Sector in Local Economic and Territorial Development: Innovation in Central, Eastern and South Eastern Europe (EAI/Springer Innovations in Communication and Computing)
by Milan Husár Matej Jaššo Maroš FinkaThe book covers the topic of the role of public sector in the economic and territorial development across several dimensions of spatial planning, e.g. theoretical-methodological (planning cultures, leadership), executive (regional policies, services of general interest), sectoral (energy, tourism, air-quality) or social (social innovation, preservation of cultural heritage). The book delivers up-to date knowledge build on interactions between representatives of different stakeholders of economic and territorial development with the research represented by renowned experts and academicians. This is mirrored in the content of the book, delivering in a consistent form the conceptual explanations combined with the examples of the role of the public sector in fostering the local economies within the frame of spatial planning. The book reflects and transfers the expert knowledge which has been generated during more than a decade of scientific and research activities of Spa-ce.net.Presents a comprehensive view on different aspects of the involvement of public sector in the local and regional spatial development;Includes a combination of macro-regionally specific perspectives with the generalized knowledge;Provides knowledge from various researchers from prestigious European scientific and research teams.
The Role of Purchasers and Payers in the Clinical Research Enterprise: Workshop Summary
by Sean Tunis Allan Korn Alex OmmayaIn a workshop organized by the Clinical Research roundtable, representatives from purchaser organizations (employers), payer organizations (health plans and insurance companies), and other stakeholder organizations (voluntary health associations, clinical researchers, research organizations, and the technology community) came together to explore: What do purchasers and payers need from the Clinical Research Enterprise? How have current efforts in clinical research met their needs? What are purchasers, payers, and other stakeholders willing to contribute to the enterprise?This book documents these discussions and summarizes what employers and insurers need from and are willing to contribute to clinical research from both a business and a national health care perspective.
The Role of Real Estate in Endowment Portfolios: The Case of Christ Church College
by Arthur I Segel David Chambers Elroy Dimson Eva SteinerThe case centers on Christ Church's Treasurer, James Lawrie, who is contemplating his options for investing a portion of the College's endowment in real estate. Approximately 1/3 of the total $690 million endowment was allocated towards real estate, much higher than the typical 4% allocation by his American counterparts. Differing from many US endowments, real estate has remained a vital part of the Christ Church endowment since its founding in the mid-16th century. The College began with significant real estate holdings originally received from Henry VIII, which seeded the College's endowment. In the early 1980s, real estate represented 70% of the endowment's holdings and from 2002-2015, Christ Church's direct investments returned c.10% annually. Lawrie contemplates the future role of real estate in the College's portfolio, assesses the performance of the "US Endowment Model" and compares Christ Church's performance against others as he weighs a variety of investment strategies including; redevelopment, land sales, specialist funds, pooling capital with the other Oxford Colleges, and taking on more debt considering the once-in-a-generational low interest rates.
The Role of Regional Organizations in Disaster Risk Management
by Simon HollisThe use of regional organizations to mitigate and respond to disasters has become a global trend. This book examines the role regional organizations play in managing disaster risk through a comparative study of ten regional organizations, demonstrating their current limitations and future potential.
The Role of Regional Security Exchanges
by James E. WalterThis title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press’s mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1957.
Role of Reinsurance in the World: Case Studies of Eight Countries (Palgrave Studies in Economic History)
by Leonardo Caruana de las Cagigas André StrausThis book is an edited collection by leading insurance historians, examining the historical role of reinsurance (the insurance of insurers) in the insurance markets of eight countries: USA, Netherlands, Sweden, France, Spain, Italy, Mexico and Japan. All the contributors are experts in their field and have widely published in insurance history, providing the reader with new insights into the insurance and economic history of these countries. In particular, this is the first book to explore the reinsurance markets in the USA, Netherlands, France, Italy and Mexico. This book will be of interest to economic and business historians, as well as insurance practitioners with an interest in the history of their industry.
The Role of Renewable Energy Technology in Holistic Community Development
by Alexander ZahndThis thesis documents almost twenty years of the author's work on the development and implementation of a new approach to holistic community development in remote and disadvantaged villages in Nepal. It describes the theoretical basis of the work, the main research activities, and the practical outcomes of the implemented programs. One of the fundamental cornerstones of holistic community development is the provision of appropriate and sustainable solutions for the long-term development of local communities. This requires that people's own identified needs be recognized and addressed in partnership with them in holistic ways. The author explains the many synergies that result from this holistic approach to community development. Another cornerstone of his approach is to utilise the communities' locally available renewable resources for long-term sustainable development. One of the key findings of the thesis is that improved access to energy services, such as cooking with a smokeless metal stove in a clean indoor environment, basic indoor lighting, and increased food production and safe food storage (through a greenhouse and a solar drier respectively), need to be at the very heart of any long-term holistic community development project. The thesis demonstrates that tapping into locally available renewable energy resources and converting them, through contextualized and locally manufactured renewable energy technologies, has a central role in long-term holistic community development programs. Such programs are successful because they provide both appropriate technologies and life-changing experiences for the local users involved.
The Role of Resources in Global Competition (Routledge Studies in International Business and the World Economy #Vol. 27)
by John FahyDramatic changes are taking place in the world of international business as we move forward in the twenty first century. Increasing levels of international trade and foreign direct investment, the growth of huge multinational corporations, and the emergence of new centres of economic prosperity are all evident. Businesses are faced with the challenge of having to survive and succeed in this competitive environment.This book looks specifically at the question of how firms attain a sustainable competitive advantage (SCA) in a global environment characterised by above average levels of geographic scope, marketing convergence and cross-national interdependencies.This work will be of essential interest to academics and researchers in the fields of international strategy and international business.
The Role of Science for Conservation (Routledge Explorations In Environmental Economics Ser. #34)
by Mark Gardener Matthias WolffThe book integrates the knowledge and reflections of 30 scientists, of which many have dedicated a substantial part of their professional life to the Galapagos archipelago, to the conservation of its biodiversity and to the sustainable management of its resources. The book can be considered a milestone on the way to the successful conservation and sustainable development of this unique world heritage site. .
Role of Senior Executives in Leading New Growth
by Michael E. Raynor Clayton M. ChristensenSenior executives of a company that seeks always to create new waves of disruptive growth are often faced with the difficult task of allocating their time and energy efficiently across a number of different businesses and initiatives that may demand their attention. In this chapter, the authors examine the role of the CEO in leading and sustaining growth, helping to gauge the necessary level of involvement in business initiatives and to sketch out senior executives' short-term, long-term, and perpetual responsibilities when managing innovation.
The Role of Sharing Mobility in Contemporary Cities: Legal, Social and Environmental Issues (UNIPA Springer Series)
by Guido Smorto Ignazio VinciThe emergence of sharing mobility is having a profound impact on urban landscapes. In fact, it is deeply affecting the traditional organization of local services by calling into question how urban transportation is planned, and by redesigning city spaces. Further, by connecting people to shared assets, services or both, sharing mobility is poised to facilitate the more efficient use of underutilized resources, becoming a powerful tool for economic growth and social inclusion, while also contributing to sustainability. That being said, the economic, social and spatial impacts of sharing mobility have not been sufficiently investigated, and so far, the evidence is mixed. From a normative standpoint, while it is relevant to better understand the relations between sharing mobility, the city and the environment, it is also of crucial importance to define new policies and sound rules for sharing mobility in urban areas. Against this backdrop, this book adopts a multidisciplinary perspective to explore the role that sharing mobility can play in the creation of more just and sustainable cities.
The Role of Smallholder Farms in Food and Nutrition Security
by Sergio Gomez y Paloma Laura Riesgo Kamel LouhichiThis open access book discusses the current role of smallholders in connection with food security and poverty reduction in developing countries. It addresses the opportunities they enjoy, and the constraints they face, by analysing the availability, access to and utilization of production factors. Due to the relevance of smallholder farms, enhancing their production capacities and economic and social resilience could produce positive impacts on food security and nutrition at a number of levels.In addition to the role of small farmers as food suppliers, the book considers their role as consumers and their level of nutrition security. It investigates the link between agriculture and nutrition in order to better understand how agriculture affects human health and dietary patterns. Given the importance of smallholdings, strategies to increase their productivity are essential to improving food and nutrition security, as well as food diversity.
The Role of State Aid in the European Fiscal Integration
by Rossella MiceliThis book analyzes the issue of European fiscal State aid in order to provide insights into the related evolution prospects and legal problems. State aid has assumed a central position in the field of taxation, becoming the most important instrument of European legal integration, especially in the area of direct taxes. This is the result of major regulatory and interpretative development, which has altered the initial European and national balances in the face of globalization and the problems of the new economy. In this context, the scope and objectives of State aid have progressively broadened, encompassing a significant level of both positive and negative integration of European national tax systems.
The Role of the Board in Corporate Purpose and Strategy (Elements in Corporate Governance)
by Robert Bood Hans van Ees Theo PostmaThis Element is an attempt to contribute to the extant literature on boards and corporate governance by exploring in detail the active involvement of the board in the purpose and strategy of the corporation in order to cope with a complex and uncertain environment.
The Role of the Corporate Tax (Elements in Public Economics)
by Roger Gordon SaradaExisting corporate taxes distort many aspects of firm behavior. To the extent that the corporate tax rate is lower than personal tax rates, taxes favor corporate activity, and favor retaining earnings rather than paying earnings out to employees and investors. Multinationals can even avoid these taxes by shifting income into tax havens. Given the ease with which multinationals can evade tax, the existing income tax structure faces major pressures, as reflected in average statutory corporate tax rates halving in recent decades. The Element speculates on alternative tax structures that will avoid these problems.
The Role of the Electric Vehicle in the Energy Transition: A Multidimensional Approach (Green Energy and Technology)
by Angel Arcos-VargasThis book explores the part that electric vehicles can play in reducing carbon dioxide emissions. Further, it explains the impact of public support, technological advances, lower costs and better battery performance in making electric vehicles a viable alternative. The book begins by analyzing the international context of electric vehicles and how they are being developed in different countries, and by offering a forecast of the electricity demand they may create. It then discusses technological innovations in electric vehicle recharging systems. The book is concerned not only with the economic potential of electric vehicles, but also with environmental aspects; consequently, it examines the raw materials supply chain and performs a lifecycle assessment. The book concludes with a chapter on alternative energies in transport, which may also help to facilitate the energy transition. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable resource for researchers, graduate students, policymakers and industry professionals interested in the energy transition and transport.
The Role of the European Investment Bank (Routledge Library Editions: Banking & Finance)
by Sheila LewenhakThis volume draws together diverse sources of information from the EIB’s own reports and bulletins, as well as reports of the Us Federal Reserve Board, the IMF and OECD, together with press and journal sources to examine the history, borrowing and lending operations from 1958-1980. It also discusses some of the environmental and social effects of its lending activities. Some consideration has also been given to the bank’s operations beyond EU boundaries. The book sheds light on an important EU institution which is crucial to EU member states’ infrastructure, industry and economy.
The Role of the Exchange Rate in Inflation-Targeting Emerging Economies
by Mark Stone Scott Roger Seiichi Shimizu Anna Nordstrom Turgut Ki Inbay Jorge RestrepoThis paper explores the role of exchange rates in emerging economies with inflation-targeting regimes, an issue that has become especially germane during the current episode of financial turmoil and volatile capital flows. Under inflation targeting, the interest rate is the main monetary policy tool for influencing activity and inflation, and there is little agreement about the appropriate role of the exchange rate. The exchange rate is a more important monetary policy tool for emerging economies that have adopted inflation targeting than it is for inflation-targeting advanced economies. Inflation-targeting emerging economies generally have less flexible exchange rate arrangements and intervene more frequently in the foreign exchange market than their advanced economy counterparts. The enhanced role of the exchange rate reflects these economies' greater vulnerability to exchange rate shocks and their less developed financial markets. However, their sharper focus on the exchange rate may
The Role of the Government in the Early Development of American Venture Capital
by Josh Lerner Tom NicholasWhether the government or markets, or a mixture of both, can provide efficient and effective incentives for encouraging entrepreneurial activity and new venture financing is an age old question. Public promotion efforts are controversial and in most cases they tend to fail. In the United States, debate about the role of government in these areas can be traced back to at least the Great Depression and the period immediately after World War II when the issue became a particular concern. Policy makers considered that existing financial institutions could neither provide the necessary due diligence nor the pool of risk capital that was necessary to spur entrepreneurial ventures. Furthermore, there were calls for additional inducements in the form of tax related incentives. The mechanisms that were used raise questions about benefits, costs and unintended consequences. Can, and should, the government influence entrepreneurial activity and venture financing? What are the limits to government intervention?