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Social Enterprise in Asia: Theory, Models and Practice (Routledge Studies in Social Enterprise & Social Innovation)

by Eric Bidet Jacques Defourny

In the absence of a widely accepted and common definition of social enterprise (SE), a large research project, the "International Comparative Social Enterprise Models" (ICSEM) Project, was carried out over a five-year period; it involved more than 200 researchers from 55 countries and relied on bottom-up approaches to capture the SE phenomenon. This strategy made it possible to take into account and give legitimacy to locally embedded approaches, thus resulting in an analysis encompassing a wide diversity of social enterprises, while simultaneously allowing for the identification of major SE models to delineate the field on common grounds at the international level. These SE models reveal or confirm an overall trend towards new ways of sharing the responsibility for the common good in today’s economies and societies. We tend to consider as good news the fact that social enterprises actually stem from all parts of the economy. Indeed, societies are facing many complex challenges at all levels, from the local to the global level. The diversity and internal variety of SE models are a sign of a broadly shared willingness to develop appropriate—although sometimes embryonic—responses to these challenges, on the basis of innovative economic/business models driven by a social mission. In spite of their weaknesses, social enterprises may be seen as advocates for and vehicles of the general interest across the whole economy. Of course, the debate about privatisation, deregulation and globalised market competition—all factors that may hinder efforts in the search for the common good–has to be addressed as well. The first of a series of four ICSEM books, Social Enterprise in Asia will serve as a key reference and resource for teachers, researchers, students, experts, policy makers, journalists and other categories of people who want to acquire a broad understanding of the phenomena of social enterprise and social entrepreneurship as they emerge and develop across the world.

Social Enterprise in Central and Eastern Europe: Theory, Models and Practice (Routledge Studies in Social Enterprise & Social Innovation)

by Jacques Defourny Marthe Nyssens

In the last two decades, the quest for a widely accepted definition of social enterprise has been a central issue in a great number of publications. The main objective of the ICSEM Project (on which this book is based) was to show that the social enterprise field would benefit much more from linking conceptualisation efforts to the huge diversity of social enterprises than from an additional and ambitious attempt at providing an encompassing definition. Starting from a hypothesis that could be termed "the impossibility of a unified definition", the ICSEM research strategy relied on bottom-up approaches to capture the social enterprise phenomenon in its local and national contexts. This strategy made it possible to take into account and give legitimacy to locally embedded approaches, while simultaneously allowing for the identification of major social enterprise models to delineate the field on common grounds at the international level. Social Enterprise in Central and Eastern Europe – the last volume in a series of four ICSEM-based books on social enterprise worldwide — will serve as a key reference and resource for teachers, researchers, students, experts, policy makers, journalists and others who want to acquire a broad understanding of the social enterprise and social entrepreneurship phenomena as they emerge and develop in this region.

Social Enterprise in China (Routledge Studies in Management, Organizations and Society)

by Benedicte Brøgger

This book explores social innovation and entrepreneurship in China. Focusing on selected social enterprises and processes, it addresses the question of "why China?", not in terms of military, economic or political ambitions, but in the terms of social innovation and welfare policies. The analyses range from detailed ethnography to discussions of broad global trends. Despite vastly improved social conditions in the country, there are still unresolved issues that social enterprises address. The study elaborates on the complexities involved in their positioning between the state and their beneficiaries. Adding to the complexity is China’s dual system of circulation and the moral economy of ethnic minorities. The theoretical foundation of the study is the Durkheimian concept of the social contract. Its content is viewed as comprised of Maussian total social facts or guanxi, a similar Chinese framing, operationalised to particular socio-cultural configurations. The empirical cases document how social enterprises reposition elements in the various configurations in order to mobilise resources from their stakeholders. The book concludes that the discursive topology is altered in the process and the social contract is renewed in culturally meaningful, if paradoxical, ways. This book will be of interest to researchers, students and academics in the fields of business and social entrepreneurship, especially to those with a particular interest in the Chinese case.

Social Enterprise in China: State-Third Sector Relations and Institutional Effectiveness (Routledge Contemporary China Series)

by Echo Lei Wang

Wang offers an empirically based exploration into work-integration social enterprises as a means for delivering social services in China. Focusing on the political economy of social enterprise development in China, Wang examines the nature of the relationship between the state and social enterprises and the implications of such relationships for their institutional effectiveness. She adopts a bottom-up approach that investigates indigenous practices embedded within the local political context. Common ground has been established internationally that the social enterprise model provides new ways of social service delivery that could potentially change and restructure the social welfare economy. However, the development path differs across social contexts, especially in an authoritarian country like China. This study provides insights into China's efforts to develop its social welfare sector and reinvigorate customary ideas about how public services could be better offered given the country's political economy. This book will be of great interest to both scholars of China’s political economy and those with an interest in the development of the social enterprise sector looking to see how this works in a Chinese context.

Social Enterprise In Emerging Market Countries

by Nicole Etchart Loïc Comolli

NESsT is an organization that develops sustainable social enterprises to solve critical social problems in emerging market economies. NESsT believes that social enterprise is a powerful tool that provides marginalized communities the skills, accessibility and technology needed to overcome social barriers and break the cycle of poverty. Drawing on NESsT's unique methodology for identifying and building the capacity of early-stage social enterprises, as well as on surveys of relevant stakeholders, Social Enterprise in Emerging Market Countries provides a clear picture of where social enterprises are and where they need to go, and identifies key players in the social enterprise field and how they can take the bold steps needed to facilitate the growth and impact of these models. Etchart and Camolli focus on NESsT's research in Latin America and Central Europe, the two regions where it has operated for over 15 years, particularly in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador, and Peru, with some cases from other countries in Latin America. For the purpose of illustrating important models and innovative programs and policies, this book also highlights cases and experiences from Central Europe.

Social Enterprise in Latin America: Theory, Models and Practice (Routledge Studies in Social Enterprise & Social Innovation)

by Luiz Inácio Gaiger Marthe Nyssens Fernanda Wanderley

In the absence of a widely accepted and common definition of social enterprise (SE), a large research project, the "International Comparative Social Enterprise Models" (ICSEM) Project, was carried out over a five-year period; it involved more than 200 researchers from 55 countries and relied on bottom-up approaches to capture the SE phenomenon. This strategy made it possible to take into account and give legitimacy to locally embedded approaches, thus resulting in an analysis encompassing a wide diversity of social enterprises, while simultaneously allowing for the identification of major SE models to delineate the field on common grounds at the international level. These SE models reveal or confirm an overall trend towards new ways of sharing the responsibility for the common good in today’s economies and societies. We tend to consider as good news the fact that social enterprises actually stem from all parts of the economy. Indeed, societies are facing many complex challenges at all levels, from the local to the global level. The diversity and internal variety of SE models are a sign of a broadly shared willingness to develop appropriate although sometimes embryonic—responses to these challenges, on the basis of innovative economic/business models driven by a social mission. In spite of their weaknesses, social enterprises may be seen as advocates for and vehicles of the general interest across the whole economy. Of course, the debate about privatisation, deregulation and globalised market competition—all factors that may hinder efforts in the search for the common good–has to be addressed as well. The second of a series of four ICSEM books, Social Enterprise in Latin America will serve as a key reference and resource for teachers, researchers, students, experts, policy makers, journalists and other categories of people who want to acquire a broad understanding of the phenomena of social enterprise and social entrepreneurship as they emerge and develop across the world.

Social Enterprise in Western Europe: Theory, Models and Practice (Routledge Studies in Social Enterprise & Social Innovation)

by Jacques Defourny

In the last two decades, the quest for a widely accepted definition of social enterprise has been a central issue in a great number of publications. The main objective of the ICSEM Project on which this book is based was to show that the social enterprise field would benefit much more from linking conceptualisation efforts to the huge diversity of social enterprises than from an additional and ambitious attempt at providing an encompassing definition. Starting from a hypothesis that could be termed "the impossibility of a unified definition", the ICSEM research strategy relied on bottom-up approaches to capture the social enterprise phenomenon in its local and national contexts. This strategy made it possible to take into account and give legitimacy to locally embedded approaches, while simultaneously allowing for the identification of major social enterprise models to delineate the field on common grounds at the international level. Social Enterprise in Western Europe –the third volume in a series of four ICSEM-based books on social enterprise worldwide – will serve as a key reference and resource for teachers, researchers, students, experts, policy makers, journalists and others who want to acquire a broad understanding of the social enterprise and social entrepreneurship phenomena as they emerge and develop in this region.

Social Enterprise Spectrum: Philanthropy to Commerce

by J. Gregory Dees

Industry and Background Note

Social Enterprise Values and Processes: Entrepreneurship Studies from India (India Studies in Business and Economics)

by Satyajit Majumdar Edakkandi Meethal Reji

This edited volume is an interdisciplinary approach towards examining and integrating diverse theories, methodologies, and practices of social entrepreneurship. It highlights how social enterprises with their focus on resolving societal problems and driving social change, are critical for inclusive economic growth. The book is organized in three parts --- values, sustainability and social enterprise models; context, innovation and technology; and, perspectives and directions of future research in social entrepreneurship. The chapters contribute towards a better understanding of organizational and process dimensions of social and economic value creation, a relatively under-researched area in social entrepreneurship. They capture an extensive range of insights, analysis and case studies bringing together context specific dimensions and variables supportive of social enterprise creation and the development processes in social value creation. The book is useful for a wide range of audiences including social entrepreneurs, researchers, policy makers, development professionals, graduate and post graduate students seeking a deeper understanding of this evolving field. It also emphasizes practical guidance for individuals and organizations involved in social enterprise. It offers actionable insights, best practices, and real-world examples, enabling readers to apply the knowledge gained to their own contexts and effectively navigate the challenges and opportunities encountered in the field.

Social Enterprises

by Benjamin Gidron Yeheskel Hasenfeld

Presents an organizational perspective of social enterprises, which allows us to analyze issues such as their governing structure, their modes of operation and their marketing strategies, and to begin to formulate some theoretical constructs on how these entities can survive and thrive.

Social Enterprises and Impact Investors: Partnerships that Sustain Emerging Countries (Advances in Theory and Practice of Emerging Markets)

by Ramanie Samaratunge Jeremiah Arigu Emmanuel Daniel Prajogo

This book explores how social enterprises and impact investors use inter-organizational partnerships to pursue contemporary socio-economic interests in emerging countries. It looks at the ways in which enterprises and investors collaborate to create hybrid organizations by matching social and commercial focus: a solid business orientation and social mission combined to create social value, sustainable impact and profit. Using Nigeria as a case study, the authors provide evidence of the success of these collaborations through partner alignment of compatible management, mission, goals, reputation and investment. This book provides novel insights for researchers, scholars, academics and policy makers into what types of complimentary resources define the exchange value between hybrid organizations. It also provides practical knowledge for practitioners who wish to collaborate with emerging countries and guidance for investors in creating a portfolio to attract the right enterprises.

The Social Entrepreneur Pyramid: With a Nordic Perspective on Social Entrepreneurship

by Jan-U. Sandal

With a Nordic Perspective on Social Entrepreneurship Dr. Sandal's analysis of existing social entrepreneurship in Scandinavia emphasizes it is not a movement confined to exploiting sporadic, temporary and extremely popular goods and services as a link in the chain of the welfare state's expanded social system. Instead, social entrepreneurship is a phenomenon representing as far as is possible a renewal and revitalisation of the democratic system itself. This condition is admirably displayed in both educational and analytical terms in Dr. Sandal's book.

The Social Entrepreneur's Playbook, Expanded Edition: Pressure Test, Plan, Launch and Scale Your Social Enterprise

by Ian C. Macmillan James D. Thompson

Available for the First Time: The Complete Social Entrepreneur's Playbook Covers all three phases of the start-up to scale-up process, developed with reader feedback from "one of the more unusual ebook...experiments of the year" (ThinReads)Wharton professor Ian C. MacMillan and Dr. James Thompson, director of the Wharton Social Entrepreneurship Program, provide a tough-love approach that significantly increases the likelihood of a successful social enterprise launch in the face of the high-uncertainty conditions typically encountered by social entrepreneurs.MacMillan and Thompson used their own systematic framework to publish The Social Entrepreneur's Playbook. To test the market, they offered the first phase in their start-up method (step 1) as a free ebook. Readers were invited to join The Social Entrepreneur's Advisory Group, and nearly 300 aspiring and active social entrepreneurs shared feedback that helped shape the complete edition of the book, which covers all three steps in the start-up to scale-up process.Based on this crowd-sourced feedback from readers of the free ebook and drawing on the authors' more than 26 years' combined experience developing and studying social enterprises in the field across Africa and in the United States, this new edition provides guidance for each phase:Phase One: Pressure Test Your Start-Up Idea. Based on the free ebook, this expanded section now includes advice on setting revenue and social impact goals, how to navigate the sociopolitical landscape, and how to develop a strong concept statement. In addition, MacMillan and Thompson provide advice on how to identify and test a proposed revenue-generating solution and define and segment your target population.Phase Two: Plan Your Social Enterprise. All new to this edition, this critical phase shows you how to frame and scope the venture, determine what it will take to actually deliver a sustainable enterprise, identify the key assumptions that have been made, and design checkpoints to test those assumptions before making major investments.Phase Three: Launch and Scale Your Social Enterprise. Available for the first time in this edition, you will learn how to effectively launch your enterprise, manage upside potential and downside risk, and strategically scale up.Filled with accessible frameworks and tools, as well as inspiring stories of social entrepreneurs, The Social Entrepreneur's Playbook is a must-read for any aspiring or active social entrepreneur, as well as philanthropists, foundations, and nonprofits interested in doing more good with fewer resources.Includes access to downloadable planning documents, including user-friendly spreadsheets

Social Entrepreneurship: Managing the Creation of Social Value

by Constant Beugré

Social entrepreneurship differs from traditional forms of entrepreneurship in that the primary goal of the social venture is to address social problems and needs that are as yet unmet. The driving force of such ventures is social value creation. This new textbook aims to provide a comprehensive, cutting edge resource for students, introducing them to the unique concerns and challenges that face social ventures through a comparison with the principles of traditional entrepreneurship. The book consists of fourteen chapters covering all aspects of venture creation and management—from writing a business plan, to financing, people management, marketing, and social impact measurement. Social Entrepreneurship uses real-life examples and sources to expose students to contemporary developments in the field, encouraging them to think critically about the issues faced by social ventures across the globe, and experiential exercises and assignments are included to provide students with hands-on experience in creating and managing their own social ventures. Also containing review and application questions, illustrative cases, definitions of key terms, and a comprehensive companion website, Social Entrepreneurship is the essential guide to this rapidly emerging field. Visit the companion website at www.routledge.com/cw/beugre to find: For Instructors PowerPoint slides, Instructor's manual, Multiple-choice questions. For Students Extra illustrative cases, Web links, Links to video.

Social Entrepreneurship

by Wolfgang Bielefeld Chao Guo

Social entrepreneurship explainedSocial entrepreneurship is a hot topic in public and non-profit management. Organizations everywhere are looking for innovative ways to respond to financial, social, and regulatory pressures. The next generation of transformative leaders will be risk takers who know how to face even the biggest challenges using market-driven strategies that get results. This book contains everything students and professionals need to know about the cutting-edge practice of social entrepreneurship.In Social Entrepreneurship, you'll learn how to read markets and environments to identify opportunities for entrepreneurial activity. Then, the authors show to convert opportunities into successful ventures: one-time initiatives, ongoing programs and new, mission-driven organizations are all covered. Sector-specific strategies and recommendations guide readers directly to the techniques that will have the biggest impact.Employs an evidence-based approach to help organizations achieve goals more efficientlyOffers advice on taking advantage of new technologies and untapped resources using the most current approachesWritten by renowned experts in the field of social entrepreneurshipAuthors Guo and Bielefeld have been instrumental in advancing the study of social entrepreneurship, and they understand the trends and currents in the field. They bring readers up to date and ready them to begin implementing changes that really make a difference. In non-profits and government, leadership is already becoming synonymous with social entrepreneurship, and this book is its foundation.

Social Entrepreneurship: What Everyone Needs to Know

by David Bornstein Susan Davis

Offering a first general overview of social entrepreneurship, it explains what social entrepreneurs are, how their organizations function, what challenges they face and an understanding of what differentiates social entrepreneurship from standard business ventures.

Social Entrepreneurship: Building Impact Step by Step

by Teresa Chahine

Social Entrepreneurship provides a 10-stage framework for building impactful ventures within and across new and existing organizations. The book summarizes the basic steps and tools needed to understand a social or environmental challenge of your choice, develop potential solutions, build a business model, measure outcomes, and grow your impact. This fully updated second edition builds on the concepts and tools introduced previously, broadening the scope to those working or preparing to work in organizations globally. Concepts addressed include intrapreneurship and, for the first time, extrapreneurship, which considers innovating across organizations to achieve collective impact. Featuring international case studies and interviews with leaders in the field, this comprehensive guide spans multiple sectors, including health, the environment, education, agriculture, commerce, finance, and retail. Summaries, exercises, and key learning points help to aid and cement learning. A widely regarded and valuable text, Social Entrepreneurship should be core reading for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students studying entrepreneurship and social entrepreneurship. The book’s applied 10-stage approach will also be valuable for those in executive education as well as professionals and entrepreneurs looking to equip themselves with the tools needed to succeed in social change.

Social Entrepreneurship: A Skills Approach

by Christopher Durkin and Robert Gunn

The second edition of this popular book has been inspired by the increasing interest around social entrepreneurship scholarship and the practice of delivering innovative solutions to social issues. Although social enterprises generally remain small, the impact of social entrepreneurs is increasing globally, as all countries are endeavouring to respond to increasingly complex social problems and demands for welfare at a time of government cut backs. Additional chapters and international case studies explore new developments, such as the rise of the social investment market, the use of design thinking and the increasing importance of social impact measurement.

Social Entrepreneurship: How to Start Successful Corporate Social Responsibility and Community-Based Initiatives for Advocacy and Change

by Manuel London Richard G. Morfopoulos

What motivates someone to become a social entrepreneur? What are the competencies needed to be effective social advocates and agents for change? This book answers these questions in an accessible and practical way, providing comprehensive guidelines, numerous examples, and sources of information and training for anyone who wants to start a community-based social advocacy and change initiative or for employees who want to start a corporate social responsibility initiative. Features include the following: examples of individuals and organizations who have learned from successes and failures in social entrepreneurship self-assessments to help readers evaluate their own talents and proclivity to be social entrepreneurs steps and strategies, competency-building activities, and assessments to evaluate and facilitate initiatives resources available from foundations, government agencies, and other sources for the budding social entrepreneur

Social Entrepreneurship

by Anders Lundström Chunyan Zhou Yvonne Von Friedrichs Elisabeth Sundin

This contributed volume features state-of-the-art research from ten different countries on implementation, institutionalization and the future prospects of social entrepreneurship. This volume aims at bringing together research that considers the context of economy, politics and cultural issues combining with the needs of social and human development. By conceptualizing the notion of social entrepreneurship and societal entrepreneurship, this volume aims to disseminate the numerous streams of research and theory of social entrepreneurship to educators, libraries, scholars, non-profit researchers, public policy makers, practitioners, undergraduate and graduate students, and any organization or person interested in staying abreast of advances in this area. It is also an important reference book for teachers, students and faculty interested in conducting research or teaching social entrepreneurship. ​

Social Entrepreneurship: A Practical Introduction

by Rasheda L. Weaver

Social Entrepreneurship: A Practical Introduction equips aspiring entrepreneurs with the tools needed to design and launch businesses to create positive social change in their communities. This accessible textbook aims to educate and motivate people interested in social entrepreneurship, showing that such businesses are a valuable part of the community development toolbox. Each chapter focuses on a key aspect of social entrepreneurship, from value creation and business planning to impact measurement and scaling up. Different social business models are presented, with analysis of their strengths and weaknesses. Cases and examples are included throughout the book and showcase real-life social enterprises in North America, South America, Europe, Australia, Africa, and the Caribbean. Discussion questions also support reflection and learning. A downloadable workbook offers support with checklists, social impact measurement, and other areas. An instructor manual containing test questions and experiential exercises is also available as a digital supplement for adopters. This book is ideal for introductory courses in social entrepreneurship and community development. It will also be valuable for those involved in social enterprises on the ground.

Social Entrepreneurship: An Innovative Solution to Social Problems

by Meng Zhao Jiye Mao

This book incorporates theoretical framework and management cases in discussions on social enterprise in China. The authors look to address two fundamental questions about social enterprises in China that have been very controversial over the years. First, what is social enterprise? This book proposes a framework that defines Chinese social enterprises based on social entrepreneurship, and includes ten case studies for justification. Second, who are well-performed social enterprises with financial viability and proved social impact? The book describes in detail some of the leading social enterprises in China. It is aimed at a wide target audience. Practitioners will learn experience and lessons from the case studies. Academics can use the cases in different teaching contexts, and gain research inspirations from our framework and case studies. Policy makers, accreditation agencies, professional service providers, and institutional investors will learn to identify and evaluate promising social enterprises.

Social Entrepreneurship and Business Ethics: Understanding the Contribution and Normative Ambivalence of Purpose-driven Venturing (Routledge Studies in Entrepreneurship)

by Anica Zeyen Markus Beckmann

Social entrepreneurs are change makers that aim to solve society’s unsolved problems. Not surprisingly, social entrepreneurship has thus created high expectations. To better understand the potential as well as the limitations of social entrepreneurship, however, a more nuanced approach is needed in two ways. First, social entrepreneurship is a multi-level phenomenon. It spans macro-level questions as well as meso-level questions and, finally, micro-level questions. If we really want to understand social entrepreneurship, we need to bring together all three levels of analysis and see how they are connected. Second, while social entrepreneurship can certainly produce socially desirable outcomes, we also need a critical perspective to capture potential undesirable effects that social entrepreneurship can cause, often unintendedly, in society, in markets, in organizations, and for individuals. To this end, an ethical perspective can help complement the positive analysis of social entrepreneurship with a discussion of the normative implications of its potential "dark side". Looking at social entrepreneurship from both a multi-level analysis and an ethical perspective, Social Entrepreneurship and Business Ethics takes the reader on a journey through the "bright side" as well as the potential "dark side" of social entrepreneurship for societies, organizations, and individuals. Highlighting both, this book not only seeks to provoke researchers and students to advance their understanding of social entrepreneurship. It also hopes to help practitioners to better realize the positive contributions of social entrepreneurship for society.

Social Entrepreneurship and Citizenship in China: The rise of NGOs in the PRC (Routledge Research on the Politics and Sociology of China)

by Carolyn L. Hsu

Over the last thirty years, social entrepreneurship has boomed in the People’s Republic of China. Today there are hundreds of thousands of legally registered NGOs, and millions more unregistered, working in the areas of the environment, education, women’s issues, disability services, community development, LGBTQ rights, and healthcare. The rise of these Chinese NGOs and their implications for civil society merits the focus of significant scholarly attention. This book draws upon the personal stories of social entrepreneurs in China, as well as their supporters and beneficiaries, in order to examine what the rapid growth of social entrepreneurship reveals about China's complex and dynamic society in the 21st century. It discusses the historical, cultural, and political circumstances that allowed and inspired people to become social entrepreneurs and create new forms of democratic engagement. Examining what social entrepreneurship with Chinese characteristics looks like, the book explores how it is changing the relationship between Chinese citizens and the state, and goes on to explain the subsequent effect on Chinese society. Highlighting the importance of citizen activism in the PRC from an interdisciplinary perspective, this book will be of interest to students and scholars of Chinese Studies, Chinese Politics, Civil Society and Sociology.

Social Entrepreneurship and Corporate Social Responsibility (Management for Professionals)

by Satinder Dhiman Joan Marques

This book provides professionals, as well as students, with the understanding that Social Entrepreneurship and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) are now core business principles for sustainably. It encourages social entrepreneurs in their role as forerunners, in creating new business models that develop, facilitate or implement constructive solutions to social, cultural and environmental issues. At the same time, this book views corporate social responsibility as a means of challenging existing entities to realize and modify prior unsustainable and predatory business models; and to increase social, cultural and environmental accountability. By linking these two concepts, this book prompts a paradigmatic awakening, whereby the foundational driver of business creation and management no longer rests on profit maximization, but on improvement of the quality of life for society.

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