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Parametric Packet-based Audiovisual Quality Model for IPTV services
by Marie-Neige GarciaThis volume presents a parametric, packet-based, comprehensive model to measure and predict the audiovisual quality of Internet Protocol Television services as it is likely to be perceived by the user. The comprehensive model is divided into three sub-models referred to as the audio model, the video model, and the audiovisual model. The audio and video models take as input a parametric description of the audiovisual processing path, and deliver distinct estimates for both the audio and video quality. These distinct estimates are eventually used as input data for the audiovisual model. This model provides an overall estimate of the perceived audiovisual quality in total. The parametric description can be used as diagnostic information. The quality estimates and diagnostic information can be practically applied to enhance network deployment and operations. Two applications come to mind in particular: Network planning and network service quality monitoring. The audio model can be used indifferently for both applications. However, two variants of the video model have been developed in order to address particular needs of the applications mentioned above. The comprehensive model covers effects due to resolution, coding, and IP-packet loss in case of RTP-type transport. The model applied to quality monitoring is standardized under the ITU-T Recommendations P. 1201 and P. 1201. 2.
Parental Control of Television Broadcasting (Routledge Communication Series)
by Monroe E. Price Stefaan VerhulstThis project, originally developed for the European Community, examines parental roles in controlling television programs watched by children in Europe. The structure of the study includes: *an analysis of the technical devices available to assist in parental control of television broadcasting services, including descriptions of devices, their cost, availability, and the infrastructure needed to introduce them; *a corresponding analysis of potential ratings or labeling systems to work in conjunction with or in the place of technical devices, enabling a comparative analysis of rating systems used in film, video, and online services; and *an overview and assessment of the educational and awareness measures in the field of protection of minors and harmful content, providing the data for the review of available considerations in this field of viewer literacy. In addition to these main strands of analysis, the study provides for background information and analysis in the following areas: *an overview of the main media theories focusing on the effect and impact of specific types of content on children and their behavior; *an assessment of the economic impact and social efficacy of different protective measures; and *a comparison of the regulatory contexts and rating systems for film, video, television, and online services concerning the protection of minors from harmful content. This volume is intended for scholars and students in comparative media studies, media policy, and regulation.
Parental Control: A Guide to Raising Balanced Kids in the Digital Era
by Titania JordanPractical strategies and tips to help raise and teach children in a digital-first world In Parental Control: A Guide to Raising Balanced Kids in the Digital Era, Titania Jordan, a renowned internet and social media safety specialist, tackles the urgent dilemmas of modern parenting head-on. As technology increasingly engulfs the lives of our children, this book emerges as a beacon for those looking to guide, protect, and connect with them in meaningful ways. Navigating the complex digital landscape, Jordan delves into the effects of social media and the internet on our kids. She uncovers the challenges of balancing screen time with real-life interactions and the erosion of offline social skills due to digital immersion. Yet, it's not all dire—Jordan's expert insights offer a pathway to turning potential digital pitfalls into educational opportunities. The book will help you: Learn how to educate and empower the next generation to navigate the internet safely and responsibly Discover actionable advice on setting boundaries, fostering offline interactions, and promoting healthy digital habits. Benefit from the latest internet safety data, trends, and tips to keep your children protected in the digital age Perfect for parents, educators, and caregivers, Parental Control is more than just a book. It's a roadmap to raising well-adjusted children in a technology-driven world. This guide provides the tools you need to ensure technology complements the lives of those you care about, rather than consuming them. If you're looking to navigate the challenges of modern-day parenting with confidence and create a safe, balanced digital environment for your children, then this book is for you.
Parentheticals in Spoken English
by Nicole DehéTaking both an empirical and a theoretical view of the prosodic phrasing of parentheticals in English, this book reviews the syntactic and prosodic literature on parentheticals along with relevant theoretical work at the syntax-prosody interface. It offers a detailed prosodic analysis of six types of parentheticals - full parenthetical clauses, non-restrictive relative clauses, nominal appositions, comment clauses, reporting verbs, and question tags, all taken from the spoken part of the British Component of the International Corpus of English. To date, the common assumption is that by default, parentheticals are prosodically phrased separately, an assumption which, as this study shows, is not always in line with the predictions made by current prosodic theory. The present study provides new empirical evidence for the prosodic phrasing of parentheticals in spontaneous and semi-spontaneous spoken English, and offers new implications for a theory of linguistic interfaces.
Parents, Children, and Communication: Frontiers of Theory and Research (Routledge Communication Series)
by Thomas J. Socha Glen H. StampThis is the first edited volume in the communication field to examine parent-child interaction. It creates a framework for future research in this growing area -- family communication, and more specifically, parent-child communication -- and also suggests new areas of communication research among parents and children -- cultural, work-related, taboo topics, family sex discussions, conflict, and abuse. Chapter authors provide thorough coverage of theoretical approaches, new methods, and emerging contexts including lesbian/gay parent-child relationships. In so doing, they bring a communication perspective to enduring problems of discipline, adolescent conflict, and physical child abuse. The text highlights various methodological approaches -- both quantitative and qualitative -- including conversation analysis, grounded theory, participant-observation, and phenomenological interviewing of children. It also introduces and surveys various theoretical approaches -- general systems, developmental, cultural, and intergenerational transmission.
Paris to the Moon: A Family In France (A\vintage Original Ser.)
by Adam GopnikParis. The name alone conjures images of chestnut-lined boulevards, sidewalk cafés, breathtaking façades around every corner--in short, an exquisite romanticism that has captured the American imagination for as long as there have been Americans. In 1995, Adam Gopnik, his wife, and their infant son left the familiar comforts and hassles of New York City for the urbane glamour of the City of Light. Gopnik is a longtime New Yorker writer, and the magazine has sent its writers to Paris for decades--but his was above all a personal pilgrimage to the place that had for so long been the undisputed capital of everything cultural and beautiful. It was also the opportunity to raise a child who would know what it was to romp in the Luxembourg Gardens, to enjoy a croque monsieur in a Left Bank café--a child (and perhaps a father, too) who would have a grasp of that Parisian sense of style we Americans find so elusive. So, in the grand tradition of the American abroad, Gopnik walked the paths of the Tuileries, enjoyed philosophical discussions at his local bistro, wrote as violet twilight fell on the arrondissements. Of course, as readers of Gopnik's beloved and award-winning "Paris Journals" in The New Yorker know, there was also the matter of raising a child and carrying on with day-to-day, not-so-fabled life. Evenings with French intellectuals preceded middle-of-the-night baby feedings; afternoons were filled with trips to the Musée d'Orsay and pinball games; weekday leftovers were eaten while three-star chefs debated a "culinary crisis."As Gopnik describes in this funny and tender book, the dual processes of navigating a foreign city and becoming a parent are not completely dissimilar journeys--both hold new routines, new languages, a new set of rules by which everyday life is lived. With singular wit and insight, Gopnik weaves the magical with the mundane in a wholly delightful, often hilarious look at what it was to be an American family man in Paris at the end of the twentieth century. "We went to Paris for a sentimental reeducation-I did anyway-even though the sentiments we were instructed in were not the ones we were expecting to learn, which I believe is why they call it an education."
Partial Identification in Econometrics and Related Topics (Studies in Systems, Decision and Control #531)
by Vladik Kreinovich Nguyen Ngoc Thach Nguyen Duc Trung Doan Thanh HaThis book covers data processing techniques, with economic and financial application being the unifying theme. To make proper investments in economy, the authors need to have a good understanding of the future trends: how will demand change, how will prices change, etc. In general, in science, the usual way to make predictions is: to identify a model that best fits the current dynamics, and to use this model to predict the future behavior. In many practical situations—especially in economics—our past experiences are limited. As a result, the authors can only achieve a partial identification. It is therefore important to be able to make predictions based on such partially identified models—which is the main focus of this book. This book emphasizes partial identification techniques, but it also describes and uses other econometric techniques, ranging from more traditional statistical techniques to more innovative ones such as game-theoretic approach, interval techniques, and machine learning. Applications range from general analysis of GDP growth, stock market, and consumer prices to analysis of specific sectors of economics (credit and banking, energy, health, labor, tourism, international trade) to specific issues affecting economy such as ecology, national culture, government regulations, and the existence of shadow economy. This book shows what has been achieved, but even more important are remaining open problems. The authors hope that this book will: inspire practitioners to learn how to apply state-of-the-art techniques, especially techniques of optimal transport statistics, to economic and financial problems, andinspire researchers to further improve the existing techniques and to come up with new techniques for studying economic and financial phenomena. The authors want to thank all the authors for their contributions and all anonymous referees for their thorough analysis and helpful comments. The publication of this book—and organization of the conference at which these papers were presented—was supported: by the Ho Chi Minh University of Banking (HUB), Vietnam, and by the Vingroup Innovation Foundation (VINIF). The authors thank the leadership and staff of HUB and VINIF for providing crucial support.
Partially Coherent Optical Transmission Theory in Optical Wireless Communication (Optical Wireless Communication Theory and Technology)
by Xizheng KeThis book introduces the theory and research methods of partially coherent optical, points out the significance of this study, analyzes the basic theories involved in partially coherent light, and explains the complete coherence of laser is not a necessary condition for good directivity, and partially spatially coherent optical sources can also produce the same far-field intensity distribution as lasers. This type of beam with good directivity but only partial spatial coherence is called a Gaussian Schell model beam, which can be used as a physical model to describe multimode lasers under certain conditions. This book is applicable to the large number of engineers and technicians involved in wireless optical communication and college teachers. It can also be used as a teaching material for graduate students and senior undergraduates in related fields.
Participatory Evaluation Up Close: An Integration of Research-Based Knowledge (Evaluation and Society)
by J. Cousins Jill ChouinardEmpiricism provides the backbone of knowledge creation within social science disciplines (e.g., psychology, sociology) and applied domains of study (e.g., education, administration) alike. Yet, relative to such domains of inquiry, comparatively little empirical research on evaluation has occurred, and the research knowledge base been infrequently synthesized and integrated to influence theory and practice. The proposed book aims to fill this void with regard to participatory evaluation, a set of collaborative approaches to evaluation that is receiving considerable attention of late, including a growing body of empirical studies.
Participatory Journalism: Guarding Open Gates at Online Newspapers
by Jane B. Singer David Domingo Ari Heinonen Steve Paulussen Thorsten Quandt Zvi Reich Marina Vujnovic Alfred HermidaWho makes the news in a digital age? Participatory Journalism offers fascinating insights into how journalists in Western democracies are thinking about, and dealing with, the inclusion of content produced and published by the public. A timely look at digital news, the changes it is bringing for journalists and an industry in crisis Original data throughout, in the form of in-depth interviews with dozens of journalists at leading news organizations in ten Western democracies Provides a unique model of the news-making process and its openness to user participation in five stages Gives a first-hand look at the workings and challenges of online journalism on a global scale, through data that has been seamlessly combined so that each chapter presents the views of journalists in many nations, highlighting both similarities and differences, both national and individual
Participatory Politics and Citizen Journalism in a Networked Africa: A Connected Continent
by Bruce MutsvairoThis book investigates the role of citizen journalism in railroading social and political changes in sub-Saharan Africa. Case studies are drawn from research conducted by leading scholars from the fields of media studies, journalism, anthropology and history, who uniquely probe the real impact of technologies in driving change in Africa.
Participatory Politics and Citizen Journalism in a Networked Africa: A Connected Continent
by Bruce MutsvairoThis book investigates the role of citizen journalism in railroading social and political changes in sub-Saharan Africa. Case studies are drawn from research conducted by leading scholars from the fields of media studies, journalism, anthropology and history, who uniquely probe the real impact of technologies in driving change in Africa.
Participatory Worlds: The limits of audience participation (Routledge Advances in Transmedia Studies)
by José BlázquezThis book is an in-depth analysis of participatory worlds, practices beyond the mainstream models of content production and IP management that allow audience members to contribute canonically to the expansion of storyworlds, blurring the line between the traditional roles of consumers and producers. Shifting discussions of participatory culture and cross-media production and consumption practices to more independent media contexts, the book explores the limits, borders and boundaries of participating in today’s digital media storyworlds. The text examines how audience participation works, identifying opportunities to make it a meaningful practice for audiences and an asset for IP owners, and discussing the challenges and barriers that the application of participatory culture brings along. The book defines what meaningful participation is by introducing the concept of ‘intervention’ and explains a range of factors impacting the way in which participatory worlds and relationships between producers, audiences and the world are shaped. This volume will be of great relevance to media practitioners, scholars and students interested in transmedia storytelling, fandom, literary studies and comparative literature, new media and digital culture, gaming and media studies.
Parting with Illusions
by Vladimir PoznerA political commentator and TV celebrity, Pozner discusses the USSR and the US, and gives his views on political reform, human rights, the media and arts.
Partisans: The Conservative Revolutionaries Who Remade American Politics in the 1990s
by Nicole HemmerA bold new history of modern conservatism that finds its origins in the populist right-wing politics of the 1990s Ronald Reagan has long been lionized for building a conservative coalition sustained by an optimistic vision of American exceptionalism, small government, and free markets. But as historian Nicole Hemmer reveals, the Reagan coalition was short-lived; it fell apart as soon as its charismatic leader left office. In the 1990s — a decade that has yet to be recognized as the breeding ground for today&’s polarizing politics — changing demographics and the emergence of a new political-entertainment media fueled the rise of combative far-right politicians and pundits. These partisans, from Pat Buchanan and Newt Gingrich to Rush Limbaugh and Laura Ingraham, forged a new American right that emphasized anti-globalism, appeals to white resentment, and skepticism about democracy itself. Partisans is essential reading for anyone seeking to understand the crisis of American politics today.
Partitional Clustering via Nonsmooth Optimization: Clustering via Optimization (Unsupervised and Semi-Supervised Learning)
by Adil Bagirov Napsu Karmitsa Sona TaheriThis updated book describes optimization models of clustering problems and clustering algorithms based on optimization techniques, including their implementation, evaluation, and applications. The book gives a comprehensive and detailed description of optimization approaches for solving clustering problems; the authors' emphasis on clustering algorithms is based on deterministic methods of optimization. The book also includes results on real-time clustering algorithms based on optimization techniques, addresses implementation issues of these clustering algorithms, and discusses new challenges arising from very large data and data with noise and outliers. The book is ideal for anyone teaching or learning clustering algorithms. It provides an accessible introduction to the field and it is well suited for practitioners already familiar with the basics of optimization.
Partitional Clustering via Nonsmooth Optimization: Clustering via Optimization (Unsupervised and Semi-Supervised Learning)
by Napsu Karmitsa Sona Taheri Adil M. BagirovThis book describes optimization models of clustering problems and clustering algorithms based on optimization techniques, including their implementation, evaluation, and applications. The book gives a comprehensive and detailed description of optimization approaches for solving clustering problems; the authors' emphasis on clustering algorithms is based on deterministic methods of optimization. The book also includes results on real-time clustering algorithms based on optimization techniques, addresses implementation issues of these clustering algorithms, and discusses new challenges arising from big data. The book is ideal for anyone teaching or learning clustering algorithms. It provides an accessible introduction to the field and it is well suited for practitioners already familiar with the basics of optimization.
Partizipation für alle und alles?: Fallstricke, Grenzen und Möglichkeiten
by Astrid Lorenz Uwe Hitschfeld Christian Pieter HoffmannBasierend auf einer Darstellung herausfordernder Projekte, diskutiert der Band Grenzen der politischen Partizipation in Deutschland und identifiziert Erfolgsfaktoren. Zunächst rücken ausgewählte Projekte in das Blickfeld, bei denen Bemühungen um mehr Partizipation nicht immer zum gewünschten Ergebnis führten. Grenzen der Beteiligung im politischen System der Bundesrepublik Deutschland werden systematisch analysiert. Vor diesem Hintergrund arbeiten mehrere Beiträge schließlich Erfolgsfaktoren für Partizipation heraus. So entsteht ein fundiertes Bild von Beteiligung als kommunikatives Verfahren der Integration und kollektiven Entscheidungsfindung aus Sicht von Wissenschaft und Praxis.
Partnership for Health: Building Relationships Between Women and Health Caregivers (Routledge Communication Series)
by Christina S. Beck Sandra L. Ragan Athena du Pr‚ Athena du PreIn the 1960s, feminists voiced their outrage about the health care system in the United States which routinely discriminated against women and, in so doing, literally jeopardized their health and well-being. Over a decade later, women's health advocates still stressed the need for reform of this male-dominated institution because of the on-going threat to the health of American women. In the 1990s, nearly 40 years after women began their fight for quality and equitable treatment from the medical profession, women unfortunately continue to confront problems on numerous levels including discrimination in medical research and in the availability of insurance and health care providers. Most alarming, however, is the fact that women today--like women in the '60s and before--lack information, understanding, and adequate diagnoses and treatment from their health caregivers. This book extends from a program of research on women's health issues by the authors. More than 150 audio-taped, naturally occurring interactions between health caregivers and their female patients from three different health care settings--as well as ethnographic field notes in three additional settings which provide health care to women-- constitute the data for this investigation. They explore the consequentiality of relational issues during women's health care encounters and examine how health care participants save face, enact roles, co-construct their encounters, and accomplish the objective of education and medical care. Unlike earlier works, this study utilizes an extensive data collection derived directly from hundreds of interactions between health care providers and their patients, as opposed to surveys or case studies of singular practitioners. The authors examine the data in light of insights from a variety of theoretical perspectives and are committed to exploring the implication that medical encounters are collaboratively managed by both patients and caregivers. Given these theoretical and empirical contributions, the authors believe this book will advance present understanding in the areas of health and relational communication, women's health care, gender issues in communication, conversation analysis, discourse processes, and institutional talk.
Passenger List: The tie-in novel to the award-winning, cult-hit podcast
by John DrydenA missing plane.A cabin full of suspects.One woman's quest for the truth.When Atlantic Airlines Flight 702 disappears mid-flight between London and New York, the world is stunned. With the public clamouring for answers, authorities seem at a loss as to how to explain the plane's disappearance. There were 256 passengers on Flight 702, with many carrying dark secrets on board with them. Could one of them hold the truth behind the plane's disappearance? College student Kaitlin Le's beloved twin brother Conor was on that plane. She refuses to believe the official statements, or to join her parents in their blind acceptance of Conor's death. But as she journeys deeper into the murky heart of what really happened on board that plane, it becomes clear she's drawing attention to herself. And there are some people who would rather the truth behind the fate of Flight 702 stayed buried...
Passenger List: The tie-in novel to the award-winning, cult-hit podcast
by John Dryden'A first class, edge-of-your-seat thriller. Fast-paced, flawlessly executed and hugely entertaining, it'll leave you breathless.' Sara LotzA missing plane.A cabin full of suspects.One woman's quest for the truth.When Atlantic Airlines Flight 702 disappears mid-flight between London and New York, the world is stunned. With the public clamouring for answers, authorities seem at a loss as to how to explain the plane's disappearance. There were 256 passengers on Flight 702, with many carrying dark secrets on board with them. Could one of them hold the truth behind the plane's disappearance? College student Kaitlin Le's beloved twin brother Conor was on that plane. She refuses to believe the official statements, or to join her parents in their blind acceptance of Conor's death. But as she journeys deeper into the murky heart of what really happened on board that plane, it becomes clear she's drawing attention to herself. And there are some people who would rather the truth behind the fate of Flight 702 stayed buried...
Passion and Purpose: How to Identify and Leverage the Powerful Patterns That Shape Your Work/Life
by Arthur F. Miller Jr. Marlys Hanson Merle E. HansonThis book is about innate motivation--the naturally endowed needs, drives or desires that motivate a person to some particular action or behavior. Many terms are used to describe this phenomenon. Giftedness, talents, motivated abilities, natural strengths, motivational patterns or passion and purpose are some of the most common. Regardless of the specific term used, all are intended to convey the fact that every time a person accomplishes something personally significant and enjoyable, he or she will inevitably repeat some or all of the aspects of his or her innate motivation. Over time, a consistent pattern emerges that, if recognized and understood, reveals the basis for fulfillment and productivity for that individual. This book presents the System of Identifying Motivated Abilities, (SIMA), a behavior-based assessment process designed to identify this unique but consistent pattern of your natural strengths. The outcome of this SIMA Assessment is a description of your vocationally sighnificant motivations--what you enjoy doing and feel you did well.
Passions, Sympathy and Print Culture: Public Opinion and Emotional Authenticity in Eighteenth-Century Britain (Palgrave Studies in the History of Emotions)
by David Lemmings Heather Kerr Robert PhiddianThis book explores ways in which passions came to be conceived, performed and authenticated in the eighteenth-century marketplace of print. It considers satire and sympathy in various environments, ranging from popular novels and journalism, through philosophical studies of the Scottish Enlightenment, to last words, aesthetics, and plastic surgery.
Past Present: How to Stop Making the Same Relationship Mistakes---and Start Building a Better Life
by Scott Vaudrey, MDPast Present shows readers how to change destructive relationship patterns by identifying the root issues from their pasts and finding the source of healing for their unique stories.No matter where we are in life, both our greatest joys and our deepest heartaches are linked to the people in our lives--family, friends, or coworkers. And each of us brings both beauty and brokenness into relationships. The origins of our beauty and our brokenness often can be traced to the patterns of relating we learned when we were young. We relate to others in ways that reflect the distorted messages we heard and internalized earlier in life. The good news is this: we don't have to remain stuck in these patterns. In Past Present, Scott Vaudrey equips us with tools and a strategy toidentify the messages we've internalized--both as children and as adults--from the influential people in our lives;refute and repair the distorted messages that led to unhelpful patterns now holding us back; andrecognize the productive messages we've internalized and maximize the strengths they built into us along the way.We can't undo yesterday. But we can do the rest of our lives better.
Patent Challenges for Standard-Setting in the Global Economy
by Keith MaskusPatent Challenges for Standard-Setting in the Global Economy: Lessons from Information and Communication Technology examines how leading national and multinational standard-setting organizations (SSOs) address patent disclosures, licensing terms, transfers of patent ownership, and other issues that arise in connection with developing technical standards for consumer and other microelectronic products, associated software and components, and communications networks including the Internet. Attempting to balance the interests of patent holders, other participants in standard-setting, standards implementers, and consumers, the report calls on SSOs to develop more explicit policies to avoid patent holdup and royalty-stacking, ensure that licensing commitments carry over to new owners of the patents incorporated in standards, and limit injunctions for infringement of patents with those licensing commitments. The report recommends government measures to increase the transparency of patent ownership and use of standards information to improve patent quality and to reduce conflicts of laws across countries.