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Understanding Audiences: Theory and Method
by Andy RuddockThe history of audience research tells us that the relationship between the media and viewers, readers and listeners is complex and requires multiple methods of analysis. In Understanding Audiences, Andy Ruddock introduces students to the range of quantitative and qualitative methods and invites his readers to consider the merits of both. Understanding Audiences: demonstrates how - practically - to investigate media power; places audience research - from early mass communication models to cultural studies approaches - in their historical and epistemological context; explores the relationship between theory and method; concludes with a consideration of the long-running debate on media effects; includes exercises which invite readers to engage with the practical difficulties of conducting social research.
Understanding Audiences: Learning To Use the Media Constructively (Routledge Communication Series)
by Robert H. WicksUnderstanding Audiences helps readers to recognize the important role that media plays in their lives and suggests ways in which they may use media constructively. Author Robert H. Wicks considers the relationship between the producers and the receivers of media information, focusing on how messages shape perceptions of social reality. He analyzes how contemporary media--including newspapers, film, television, and the Internet--vie for the attention of the audience members, and evaluates the importance of message structure and content in attracting and maintaining the attention of audiences. Wicks also examines the principles associated with persuasive communication and the ways in which professional communicators frame messages to help audiences construct meaning about the world around them. Among other features, this text: * describes the processes associated with human information processing; * presents an analysis of the principles associated with social learning in children and adults and explores the possibility that media messages may cultivate ideas, attitudes, and criticisms of this perspective; * explains how most media messages are framed to highlight or accentuate specific perspectives of individuals or organizations--challenging the notion of objectivity in media information messages; * considers the effects of media exposure, such as whether the contemporary media environment may be partially responsible for the recent rash of school violence among young people; * analyzes the Internet as an interactive medium and considers whether it has the potential to contribute to social and civic disengagement as it substitutes for human interaction; and * evaluates the principles of the uses and gratifications approach as they apply to the new media environment, including traditional media as well as popular genres like talk shows and developing media systems such as the Internet. Intended for upper-level undergraduate and graduate students who need to understand the nature of the media and how they interact with these messages, Understanding Audiences promotes the development of media literacy skills and helps readers to understand the processes associated with engaging them in media messages. It also offers them tools to apply toward the shaping of media in a socially constructive way.
Understanding Body Language: How to Decode Nonverbal Communication in Life, Love, and Work
by Scott RouseBecome more successful in every interaction by learning to read body language Scientific studies show that people use body language to express their true feelings about a given situation or topic. With Understanding Body Language, you'll discover essential information and how-to guidance for deciphering nonverbal communication so you can make better decisions about the people and situations you approach every day.Start by learning how to properly observe people so you can uncover their subtle nonverbal cues without drawing attention to yourself. Then, practice on your friends and family with practical advice to help you better read social gatherings and telltale signs of disagreement. Finally, dive deeper with real-life scenarios you'll likely encounter, such as dating, job interviews, and workplace interactions.Understanding Body Language includes:Body language 101—Explore the science and driving forces behind body language, best practices for your own expression, and tips for successful interpretation of others.In-the-moment guidance—Learn setting-specific how-tos to help you feel physically assured in difficult situations, such as using positive body language while on a date and projecting confidence within the workplace.An emotional connection—Discover the link between specific emotions and the associated body language so you can apply that vital knowledge in real time and use it to your advantage.Learn to decode body language with this complete guide to understanding nonverbal communication.
Understanding Broadcast and Cable Finance: A Primer for the Non-Financial Manager
by Broadcast Cable Financial ManaFrom on-air talent contracts and FCC regulations to syndicated program amortization to music licensing fees, electronic media deal with financial principles and jargon that are unique to American business. Understanding Broadcast and Cable Finance helps explain all the financial complexities of a modern electronic media enterprise. Whether you are a news director, sales manager, engineer or any other non-accounting professional that has a stake in the success of your company, this book will bring you up-to-speed on the essentials of financial management for broadcasting and cable.
Understanding Citizen Journalism as Civic Participation (Routledge Research in Journalism)
by Seungahn Nah Deborah S. ChungUnderstanding Citizen Journalism as Civic Participation re-conceptualizes citizen journalism in the context of Habermas’s theory of the public sphere and communicative action, to examine how citizen journalism practice as civic participation may contribute to a heathier community and democracy in the civil society context. Citizen journalism has garnered growing attention owing to the participation of ordinary citizens in the performance of news production. Drawing on the authors’ decade-long collaboration on citizen journalism scholarship, this book posits a theoretical framework that relies on diverse communication perspectives to understand citizen journalism practice and its democratic consequences. This book will be of great relevance to scholars, researchers, professionals and policy makers working in the field of journalism and media studies, culture studies, and communication studies.
Understanding Communication Theory: A Beginner's Guide
by Stephen M. CroucherThis book offers students a comprehensive, theoretical, and practical guide to communication theory. Croucher defines the various perspectives on communication theory—the social scientific, interpretive, and critical approaches—and then takes on the theories themselves, with topics including interpersonal communication, organizational communication, intercultural communication, persuasion, critical and rhetorical theory and other key concepts. Each theory chapter includes a sample undergraduate-written paper that applies the described theory, along with edits and commentary by Croucher, giving students an insider’s glimpse of the way communication theory can be written about and applied in the classroom and in real life. Featuring exercises, case studies and keywords that illustrate and fully explain the various communication theories, Understanding Communication Theory gives students all the tools they need to understand and apply prominent communication theories.
Understanding Communications Networks – for Emerging Cybernetics Applications
by Kaveh PahlavanInformation networking has emerged as a multidisciplinary diversified area of research over the past few decades. From traditional wired telephony to cellular voice telephony and from wired access to wireless access to the Internet, information networks have profoundly impacted our lifestyles as they have undergone enormous growth. To understand this technology, students need to learn several disciplines and develop an intuitive feeling of how they interact with one another. To achieve this goal, the book describes important networking standards, classifying their underlying technologies in a logical manner and gives detailed examples of successful applications.The emergence of wireless access and dominance of the Ethernet in LAN technologies has shifted the innovations in networking towards the physical layer and characteristics of the medium. This book pays attention to the physical layer while we provide fundamentals of information networking technologies which are used in wired and wireless networks designed for local and wide area operations. The book provides a comprehensive treatment of the wired IEEE802.3 Ethernet, and Internet as well as ITU cellular 2G-6G wireless networks, IEEE 802.11 for Wi-Fi, and IEEE 802.15 for Bluetooth, ZigBee and ultra-wideband (UWB) technologies. The novelty of the book is that it places emphasis on physical communications issues related to formation and transmission of packets and characteristics of the medium for transmission in variety of networks.Material presented in the book will be beneficial for students of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Computer Science, Robotics Engineering, Biomedical Engineering, or other disciplines who are interested in integration of navigation into their multi-disciplinary projects. The book provides examples with supporting MATLAB codes and hands-on projects throughout to improve the ability of the readers to understand and implement variety of algorithms.
Understanding Communications Systems Principles—A Tutorial Approach
by Héctor J. SantosWireless communications and sensing systems are nowadays ubiquitous; cell phones and automotive radars typifying two of the most familiar examples. This book introduces the field by addressing its fundamental principles, proceeding from its very beginnings, up to today's emerging technologies related to the fifth-generation wireless systems (5G), Multi-Input Multiple Output (MIMO) connectivity, and Aerospace/Electronic Warfare Radar. The tone is tutorial. Problems are included at the end of each chapter to facilitate the understanding and assimilation of the material to electrical engineering undergraduate/graduate students and beginning and non-specialist professionals. Free temporary access to Keysight's SystemVue system simulation is provided to further enhance reader learning through hands-on tutorial exercises.Chapter 1 introduces wireless communications and sensing and in particular how curiosity-driven scientific research led to the foundation of the field. Chapter 2 presents a brief introduction to the building blocks that make up wireless systems. Chapter 3 focuses on developing an understanding of the performance parameters that characterize a wireless system. Chapter 4 deals with circuit topologies for modulation and detection. In chapter 5 we cover the fundamental transmitter and receiver systems architectures that enable the transmission of information at precise frequencies and their reception from among a rather large multitude of other signals present in space. Chapter 6 introduces 5G, its motivation, and its development and adoption challenges for providing unprecedented levels of highest speed wireless connectivity. Chapter 7 takes on the topic of MIMO, its justification and its various architectures. Chapter 8 addresses the topic of aerospace/electronic warfare radar and finally Chapter 9 presents three Tutorials utilizing the SystemVue simulation tool.
Understanding Community Media: SAGE Publications
by Kevin HowleyA text that reveals the value and significance of community media in an era of global communicationWith contributions from an international team of well-known experts, media activists, and promising young scholars, this comprehensive volume examines community-based media from theoretical, empirical, and practical perspectives. More than 30 original essays provide an incisive and timely analysis of the relationships between media and society, technology and culture, and communication and community.Key FeaturesProvides vivid examples of community and alternative media initiatives from around the worldExplores a wide range of media institutions, forms, and practices—community radio, participatory video, street newspapers, Independent Media Centers, and community informaticsOffers cutting-edge analysis of community and alternative media with original essays from new, emerging, and established voices in the fieldTakes a multidimensional approach to community media studies by highlighting the social, economic, cultural, and political significance of alternative, independent, and community-oriented media organizationsEnters the ongoing debates regarding the theory and practice of community media in a comprehensive and engaging fashionIntended AudienceThis core text is designed for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses such as Community Media, Alternative Media, Media & Social Change, Communication & Culture, and Participatory Communication in the departments of communication, media studies, sociology, and cultural studies.
Understanding Corporate Communications
by null Dmytro Oltarzhevskyi null Yevgen ZagorulkoWith the aim to synthesise and simplify the core concepts of corporate communications, this book offers a clear look at the history of the discipline and profession with attention to essential principles for practice.This book focuses on corporate communications as the art and craft of managing a company's behaviour and effective communication in society. It examines corporate communications' theoretical and applied aspects, featuring reference to global research, reputational cases, and practical models. The book's main goal is to make explicit well-known global theories and the practical experiences of corporate communications professionals in an easily visualised style accessible to a wide readership.This book is suited to undergraduate and introductory executive education courses in corporate communications and as a reference and guide for early career communications professionals.
Understanding Cryptography: A Textbook for Students and Practitioners
by Christof Paar Jan Pelzl Bart PreneelCryptography is now ubiquitous – moving beyond the traditional environments, such as government communications and banking systems, we see cryptographic techniques realized in Web browsers, e-mail programs, cell phones, manufacturing systems, embedded software, smart buildings, cars, and even medical implants. Today's designers need a comprehensive understanding of applied cryptography. <P><P> After an introduction to cryptography and data security, the authors explain the main techniques in modern cryptography, with chapters addressing stream ciphers, the Data Encryption Standard (DES) and 3DES, the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), block ciphers, the RSA cryptosystem, public-key cryptosystems based on the discrete logarithm problem, elliptic-curve cryptography (ECC), digital signatures, hash functions, Message Authentication Codes (MACs), and methods for key establishment, including certificates and public-key infrastructure (PKI). Throughout the book, the authors focus on communicating the essentials and keeping the mathematics to a minimum, and they move quickly from explaining the foundations to describing practical implementations, including recent topics such as lightweight ciphers for RFIDs and mobile devices, and current key-length recommendations. <P><P> The authors have considerable experience teaching applied cryptography to engineering and computer science students and to professionals, and they make extensive use of examples, problems, and chapter reviews, while the book’s website offers slides, projects and links to further resources. This is a suitable textbook for graduate and advanced undergraduate courses and also for self-study by engineers.
Understanding Data, Culture and Society
by Pieter Verdegem- How is data shaping our identities? - What was the ′data revolution′, and how did it happen? - How will AI change our societies? We live in the age of datafication: every aspect of our lives has been captured and transformed into data, from our sleeping patterns and step counts to our buying habits and political views. In this exciting new textbook, you will discover the intricate ways in which data and society are interwoven. Explaining key concepts such as ′big data′ and putting theory into practice throughout, this book will make you a better expert in data and society, offering an interdisciplinary overview of a rapidly evolving field. This textbook tackles the implications of big data for democracy, identity and the global economy, showing how we cannot view our lives as separate from the technologies we have come to rely on. With learning objectives, case studies, further reading and extra resources provided in each chapter, this book is the ideal companion for students in the digital humanities and social sciences looking to deepen their understanding of data, culture and society.
Understanding Data, Culture and Society
by Pieter Verdegem- How is data shaping our identities? - What was the ′data revolution′, and how did it happen? - How will AI change our societies? We live in the age of datafication: every aspect of our lives has been captured and transformed into data, from our sleeping patterns and step counts to our buying habits and political views. In this exciting new textbook, you will discover the intricate ways in which data and society are interwoven. Explaining key concepts such as ′big data′ and putting theory into practice throughout, this book will make you a better expert in data and society, offering an interdisciplinary overview of a rapidly evolving field. This textbook tackles the implications of big data for democracy, identity and the global economy, showing how we cannot view our lives as separate from the technologies we have come to rely on. With learning objectives, case studies, further reading and extra resources provided in each chapter, this book is the ideal companion for students in the digital humanities and social sciences looking to deepen their understanding of data, culture and society.
Understanding Digital Cinema: A Professional Handbook
by Charles S. SwartzUNDERSTANDING DIGITAL CINEMA: A PROFESSIONAL HANDBOOK is a comprehensive resource on all aspects of finishing, distributing and displaying film digitally. For technical professionals as well as non-technical decision-makers, the book is a detailed exploration of every component of the process, from mastering to theater management. * An overview of digital cinema system requirements* Post production work flow* Color in digital cinema* The digital cinema mastering process* Fundamentals of compression * Security* Basics of audio * Digital distribution* Digital projection technology* Theater systems* The international perspective: Views from Europe, Asia and Latin America* A realistic assessment of the future of digital cinemaWith contributions by:Richard Crudo, President, American Society of CinematographersLeon Silverman, Executive Vice President, Laser Pacific Media CorporationCharles Poynton, Color ScientistChris Carey, Senior Vice President, Studio New Technology, The Walt Disney StudiosBob Lambert, Corporate Senior Vice President New Technology & New Media,The Walt Disney CompanyBill Kinder, Pixar Animation StudiosGlenn Kennel, DLP CinemaPeter Symes, Manager, Advanced Technology, Thomson Broadcast & Media SolutionsRobert Schumann, President, Cinea, Inc., A Subsidiary of Dolby LabsDavid Gray, Vice President, Production Services, Dolby Laboratories, Inc.Darcy Antonellis, Executive Vice President, Distribution and Technology OperationsWarner Bros. Technical Operations Inc. and Senior Vice President, Worldwide Anti-Piracy Operations Warner Bros. Entertainment Inc.Matt Cowan, Principal and Founder, Entertainment Technology ConsultantsLoren Nielsen, Principal and Founder, Entertainment Technology ConsultantsMichael Karagosian, Partner, Karagosian MacCalla Partners (KMP)Peter Wilson, Vice President, Display Technologies, Snell and Wilcox Ltd.Patrick Von Sychowski, Senior Analyst, Screen DigestWendy Aylsworth, Vice President of Technology, Warner Bros. Technical Operations Inc.
Understanding Digital Games
by Doctor Jason Rutter Dr Jo BryceThere are an increasing number of courses on digital games and gaming, following the rise in the popularity of games themselves. Amongst these practical courses, there are now theoretical courses appearing on gaming on media, film and cultural studies degree programmes. The aim of this book is to satisfy the need for a single accessible textbook which offers a broad introductions to the range of literatures and approaches currently contributing to digital game research. Each of the chapters will outline key theoretical perspectives, theorists and literatures to demonstrate their relevance to, and use in, the study of digital games.
Understanding Digital Television: An Introduction to DVB Systems with Satellite, Cable, Broadband and Terrestrial TV Distribution
by Lars-Ingemar LundstromWith the milestones of Digital TV and HDTV, there arelots of questions to be asked about television of today...Understanding Digital Television explains complex technical systems and solutions in an easyto comprehend manner along with visual 3D graphics. It helps non-technical individuals such asmanagers, executives, general media professionals, as well as TV and home cinema enthusiastsgain a practical understanding of the equipment, technical aspects of digital television, and variousways of distributing. Most examples are from a European perspective, but also include comparisonswith North American systems. This book answers the confusing questions about new devices anddigital formats, what to do when the analog TV transmitters are switched off, watching TV using yourbroadband connection, and much more.
Understanding Discourse Analysis (Understanding Language)
by Bernadette VineUnderstanding Discourse Analysis provides students with an accessible and well-illustrated introduction to discourse analysis. Explaining the main terminology and frameworks and presenting key findings of discourse studies, this book: Explores the development of discourse analysis Covers four key approaches to analysing discourse Uses authentic spoken or written texts in all examples Features data from the Wellington Language in the Workplace Project database Includes examples from a wide range of languages from around the world, such as Chilean Spanish, Korean and Serbo-Croatian Written by an active researcher, this textbook is a fascinating and engaging introduction to discourse analysis and is ideal for students studying this topic for the first time.
Understanding E-Government: Information Systems in Public Administration
by Vincent HomburgGovernments these days often boast about the efficiency of their electronic systems. Information communication technologies (ICTs) apparently allow public service to become cheaper, faster and more democratic. E-government has become another buzzword, the shining future of the public realm. Critics claim, however, that ICTs’ potential for democratic renewal is hampered by ancient assumptions of how governments should function. But which viewpoint is nearer the truth? In this original and insightful volume, Vincent Homburg demonstrates how the use, form and impact of ICTs are, in fact, entwined within the socio-political, economic and institutional aspects already established by government and public administration. Evangelical or fatalistic perspectives are discredited to show the different realities in which ICTs play a role in our daily lives. Using case studies and vignettes from throughout Europe and the US, the book analyzes what these new technologies actually do, and how they are screened through varying layers of bureaucracy and convention. This is a timely addition to our understanding of what is meant by e-government. It gets behind the political rhetoric. Understanding E-Government: Information Systems in Public Administration will be key reading for all students of public administration, political science, organization theory and information systems.
Understanding English Grammar: Tenth Edition
by Martha J. Kolln Robert W. Funk Loretta Gray Joseph SalvatoreThe essentials of English grammar, with a distinctively clear organization and user-friendly language. The acclaimed Understanding English Grammar fosters students’ innate language expertise as they study sentence grammar. It offers a practical blend of the most useful elements of both traditional and new linguistic grammar, beginning with an overview of English as a world language, language change, and various classroom issues associated with prescriptive grammar and correctness, along with an updated list of further readings. Every discussion is viewed through the eyes of a novice reader, bearing in mind how the current generation of students uses communication tools for social purposes. Both students and teachers appreciate the self-teaching quality that incremental exercises provide throughout the chapters, with answers at the end of the book. The Tenth Edition introduces new coauthors Loretta Gray and Joseph Salvatore—two respected scholars who bring their special expertise in linguistics and creative writing, as well as long experience in teaching grammar and writing.
Understanding Ethnic Media: Producers, Consumers, and Societies
by Matthew D. Matsaganis Vikki S. Katz Sandra Ball-RokeachThis is the first book to provide a comprehensive review and analysis of how media produced by ethnic communities, and for ethnic communities, affect identity and perceived lines of division between "us" and "others," as well as how the production and consumption of ethnic media affect the character of the larger media and societal landscapes. Integrating key ethnic media studies with original research, this book makes a unique contribution by covering both consumers and producers of ethnic media, as well as the history of ethnic media, its role in ethnic communities, the effect of globalization, and the professional challenges faced by ethnic media journalists. A compelling discussion on the future of ethnic media concludes the book and points the way toward further research.Key Features:A fresh viewpoint: The book focuses on how and why ethnic and racial minorities produce and consume media for themselves—not just how they are represented in or by the media.An ecological approach: The authors explore the growth of ethnic media in different socio-political contexts and approach ethnic media from the vantage points of both the audience and the media organization.An international focus: Provides readers with comparative examples from around the world.A conceptual and practical focus: Conceptual content is relevant, timely, and connected to readers′ lived experiences through real-world case studies.A student-friendly presentation: In each chapter, introductory bullet points identify the main concepts and issues, key terms are defined, student projects are suggested, and discussion questions are provided.
Understanding Face-to-face Interaction: Issues Linking Goals and Discourse (Routledge Communication Series)
by Karen TracyChallenging current work in communication and social psychology that assumes face-to-face interaction can be adequately understood without attending to discourse expression, this volume examines how people's goals, concerns, and intentions can be related to discourse expression. The text discusses discourse-goal linkages in specific face-to-face encounters such as courtroom exchanges, marital counseling, and intellectual discussions, as well as in more general theoretical dilemmas. Because it poses a new set of questions about social actors' motivations and pre-interactional goals, this volume offers a new direction for discourse study -- one that seriously considers the thinking and strategy involved in human communication.
Understanding Games and Game Cultures
by Larissa Hjorth Ingrid Richardson Hugh DaviesDigital games are one of the most significant media interfaces of contemporary life. Games today interweave with the social, economic, material, and political complexities of living in a digital age. But who makes games, who plays them, and what, how and where do we play? This book explores the ways in which games and game cultures can be understood. It investigates the sites, genres, platforms, interfaces and contexts for games and gameplay, offering a critical overview of the breadth of contemporary game studies. It is an essential companion for students looking to understand games and games cultures in our increasingly playful and ‘gamified’ digital society.
Understanding Games and Game Cultures
by Larissa Hjorth Ingrid Richardson Hugh DaviesDigital games are one of the most significant media interfaces of contemporary life. Games today interweave with the social, economic, material, and political complexities of living in a digital age. But who makes games, who plays them, and what, how and where do we play? This book explores the ways in which games and game cultures can be understood. It investigates the sites, genres, platforms, interfaces and contexts for games and gameplay, offering a critical overview of the breadth of contemporary game studies. It is an essential companion for students looking to understand games and games cultures in our increasingly playful and ‘gamified’ digital society.
Understanding Global News: A Critical Introduction
by Dr Jaap Van GinnekenA lively and critical introduction to the news media, this book has been written specifically for media students and trainee journalists. Understanding Global News invites the reader to explore contemporary journalistic practice, and questions the assumption that the media provide a mere window on the world. Challenging the often unquestioned notions of media objectivity, the author turns the classic questions: Who? What? When? and Why? onto the news media. By employing a range of theoretical perspectives and a large variety of examples, the author demonstrates the way in which our perceptions of the world are constructed by the news media.
Understanding Health Care in America: Culture, Capitalism, and Communication
by Michael PaganoThis book examines the current state of American health care using a social science lens to focus on the interdependent, intercultural, economic, and communication aspects of access and delivery. This text explores how the cultures of health care organizations, health professions, governments, and capitalism, as well as communication, all contribute to a disease-focused, economically driven, technology-centered health care system. It seeks to understand 21st century health care from a macro-level view based on historical realizations and the current plethora of interdependent, but self-serving realities that provide few, if any, incentives for organizational collaboration and change. The fact that the most expensive health care system in the world does not provide the healthiest outcomes is a driving force in this exploration. By reflecting on American values and beliefs regarding health care from philosophical, clinical, communication, and cost perspectives, this text is designed to encourage an organizational transformation at every level, from government to providers to patients. This comprehensive survey is an important guide for those studying, or working in, health care professions, as well as health care policy and administration. It should also be of interest to any reader who seeks to better understand U.S. health care policy from social science, economic, and/or health communication perspectives.