- Table View
- List View
The Civility Solution: What to Do When People Are Rude
by P. M. ForniThe acclaimed author of The Choosing Civility returns to the subject of common decency and thoughtful behavior.Many of us find ourselves confronted with rudeness every day and don't know how to respond. From the intrusive cell-phone user who holds loud conversations in public to the hostile highway driver who cuts one off with a quick swerve of his car, politeness seems to be on a downward spiral, surprising us at every turn.P.M. Forni, the author of Choosing Civility, has the answer. He knows that rudeness begets rudeness and, in The Civility Solution, shows us what to do when confronted with bad behavior by being assertive as well as civil. In more than one hundred different situations, he shows us how to break the rudeness cycle by responding to a variety of confrontations from bullying to rude internet behavior or the hurtful words of an insensitive family member. How would you respond to the following?…A salesperson ignores your requests…A fellow driver gives you the infamous "finger"…Your child's playmate misbehaves …Your boss publicly reprimands youP. M. Forni has solutions for all of these and many more. In yet another simple and practical handbook, P. M. Forni presents logical solutions that reinforce good behavior and make our world a more civil place.
The Clapback: Your Guide to Calling out Racist Stereotypes
by Elijah LawalClapback: [Noun / Verb] Responding to a (often ignorant) notion with a withering comeback; with the aim of shutting. it. down.___________In order to have an honest and open conversation about race, we need to identify areas where things are not right. The Clapback: Your Guide to Calling Out Racist Stereotypes examines the evolution of the negative stereotypes towards the black community and arms you with the tools to shut them down once and for all. Taking readers on a journey through history, and providing facts and detailed research, this is an eye-opening and refreshing look at race and language. With a light-hearted, razor sharp wit and a refreshing honesty, The Clapback is the handbook the world needs - dishing out the hard truths and providing a road map for bringing some 'act right' into our everyday lives.It's time to Clapback.
The Clapback: Your Guide to Calling out Racist Stereotypes
by Elijah LawalA definitive guide to calling out racial stereotypes and understanding the meaning behind them___________Clapback: [Noun / Verb] Responding to a (often ignorant) notion with a withering comeback; with the aim of shutting. it. down.___________In order to have an honest and open conversation about race, we need to identify areas where things are not right. The Clapback: How to Call Out Harmful Black Stereotypes examines the evolution of the negative stereotypes towards the black community and arms you with the tools to shut them down once and for all. Taking readers on a journey through history, and providing facts and detailed research, this is an eye-opening and refreshing look at race and language. With a light-hearted, razor sharp wit and a refreshing honesty, The Clapback is the handbook the world needs - dishing out the hard truths and providing a road map for bringing some 'act right' into our everyday lives.It's time to Clapback.(p)2019 Hodder & Stoughton Limited
Clarkson on Cars
by Jeremy ClarksonJeremy Clarkson gets under the bonnet in Clarkson on Cars - a collection of his motoring journalism.Jeremy Clarkson has been driving cars, writing about them and occasionally voicing his opinions on the BBC's Top Gear for twenty years.No one in the business is taller.In this collection of classic Clarkson, stretching back to the mid-1980s, he's pulled together the car columns and stories with which he made his name. As coal mines closed and house prices exploded to a soundtrack of men in make-up playing synthesizers, Jeremy was already waxing lyrical on topics as useful and diverse as:* The perils of bicycle ownership * Why Australians - not Brits - need bull bars* Why soon only geriatrics will be driving BMWs* The difficultly of deciding on the best car for your wedding * Why Jesus's dad would have owned a Nissan Bluebird * And why it is that bus lanes cause traffic jamsIrreverent, damn funny and offensive to almost everyone, this is writing with its foot to the floor, the brake lines cut and the speed limit smashed to smithereens. Sit back and enjoy the ride. Praise for Jeremy Clarkson:'Brilliant . . . laugh-out-loud' Daily Telegraph'Outrageously funny . . . will have you in stitches' Time Out'Very funny . . . I cracked up laughing on the tube' Evening Standard
The Class: Trauma and Transformation in an American Prison
by Chris Hedges"This book could change everything. It could change our minds. It could buttress our hearts. It could make graspable why today&’s prisons are contemporary slave plantations. I couldn&’t put it down and I tried." —Alice Walker, author of The Color PurpleA haunting and powerfully moving book that gives voice to the poorest among us and lays bare the cruelty of a penal system that too often defines their lives.In this unforgettable work, Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist Chris Hedges, who brought us War Is a Force That Gives Us Meaning and America, The Farewell Tour, provides an intimate and moving look at the lives of the students he teaches in a maximum-security prison. He and twenty-eight students (who together are serving a combined sentence of 515 years) read and discussed plays by Amiri Baraka, John Herbert, Tarell Alvin McCraney, Miguel Piñero and August Wilson, among others. Together they set out to write an original play drawing on their experiences of poverty, institutionalized racism, police brutality and mass incarceration. (Their play, Caged, would eventually perform to sold-out audiences and be published as a book in 2020.) In The Class, the men—some of whom know they will die in prison—give voice to the struggles of grief, shame, injustice, guilt and generational trauma they and their families have endured, as well as to their hopes and dreams. Hedges chronicles with heart-breaking intimacy the emotional struggle for artistic expression that leads to self-awareness, transformation and redemption. The Class is at once a story of creative triumph and a scorching critique of the racialized poverty that plagues North America and what it does to the most vulnerable.
The Class and Gender Politics of Chinese Online Discourse: Ambivalence, Sociopolitical Tensions and Co-option (Routledge Studies in New Media and Cyberculture)
by Yanning HuangThis book offers an in- depth study of the quasi- political, self-deprecating, and parodic buzzwords and memes prevalent in Chinese online discourse.Combining discourse analysis with in- depth audience research among the young internet users who deploy these buzzwords in on- and offline contexts, the book explores the historical and social implications of online wordplay for sustaining or challenging the contemporary social order in China. Yanning Huang adopts a combination of media and communications, social anthropology, and socio- linguistic perspectives to shed light on various forms of agency enacted by different social groups in their embracing, negotiation of, or disengagement from online buzzwords, before addressing how the discourses of online wordplay have been co-opted by corporations and party-media.Offering a rigorous and panoramic analysis of the politics and logics of online wordplay in contemporary China, and providing a critical and nuanced analytical framework for studying digital culture and participation in China and elsewhere, this book will be an important resource for scholars and students of media and communication studies, Internet and digital media studies, discourse analysis, Asian studies, and social anthropology.
Classical Marxism in an Age of Capitalist Crisis: The Past is Prologue
by William BriggsWill capitalism survive forever? Capitalism has always lived in and with crisis. Wars, revolutions, economic depression and repeated recessions, the threat of nuclear annihilation and ecological disaster have all failed to break the dominance of this economic and political system. Challenging the predominance of capitalism in a world fraught with inequalities, this book returns to classical Marxism to reaffirm its relevance. It explores the contradictions within capitalism as well as explaining why Marxism has been unable to mount a sustained challenge to capitalism. In order to explore concrete alternatives in a period of increasing capitalist globalisation and crisis, it goes on to present perspectives by which theory and practice might be reunited to building independent political and organisational structures. A search for “something better”, this volume will be an engaging read for scholars and researchers of politics, especially political theory and political economy, economics, and sociology.
Classical Rhetoric and Modern Public Relations: An Isocratean Model (Routledge Research in Public Relations)
by Charles MarshThis book expands the theoretical foundations of modern public relations, a growing young profession that lacked even a name until the twentieth century. As the discipline seeks guiding theories and paradigms, rhetorics both ancient and modern have proven to be fruitful fields of exploration. Charles Marsh presents Isocratean rhetoric as an instructive antecedent. Isocrates was praised by Cicero and Quintilian as "the master of all rhetoricians," favored over Plato and Aristotle. By delineating the strategic value of Isocratean rhetoric to modern public relations, Marsh addresses the call for research into the philosophical, theoretical, and ethical origins of the field. He also addresses the call among scholars of classical rhetoric for modern relevance. Because Isocrates maintained that stable relationships must solicit and honor dissent, Marsh analyzes both historic and contemporary challenges to Isocratean rhetoric. He then moves forward to establish the modern applications of Isocrates in persuasion, education, strategic planning, new media, postmodern practices, and paradigms such as excellence theory, communitarianism, fully functioning society theory, and reflection.
A Classical Tibetan Reader
by Yael BentorA Classical Tibetan Reader answers a long-standing need for well chosen readings to accompany courses in classical Tibetan language. Professor Bentor has built her Tibetan reader out of time-tested selections from texts that she has worked with while teaching classical Tibetan over the past twenty years. She has assembled here a selection of Tibetan narratives, organized to introduce students of the language to complex material gradually, and to arm them with ample reference materials in the form of glossaries customized to individual readings. Instructors will find this reader an invaluable tool for preparing lesson plans and providing high-quality reading material to their students. Students, too, will find the selections contained in the reader engaging. Even novice readers of Tibetan will feel welcomed and encouraged, thanks to the author's astute judgment of student capacity.
A Classical Tibetan Reader: Selections from Renowned Works with Custom
by Yael BentorA Classical Tibetan Reader answers a long-standing need for well chosen readings to accompany courses in classical Tibetan language. Professor Bentor has built her Tibetan reader out of time-tested selections from texts that she has worked with while teaching classical Tibetan over the past twenty years. She has assembled here a selection of Tibetan narratives, organized to introduce students of the language to complex material gradually, and to arm them with ample reference materials in the form of glossaries customized to individual readings.Instructors will find this reader an invaluable tool for preparing lesson plans and providing high-quality reading material to their students. Students, too, will find the selections contained in the reader engaging. Even novice readers of Tibetan will feel welcomed and encouraged, thanks to the author's astute judgment of student capacity.
Classics and Interpretations: The Hermeneutic Traditions in Chinese Culture
by Ching I TuIn recent years in the "West," scholars have attempted to unravel old constructs of interpretation and understanding, using the discipline of hermeneutics, or the scientific study of textual interpretation. Borrowed from students of the ever growing body of biblical interpretive literature that originated in the early Christian era, theoretical hermeneutics has given many contemporary scholars potent tools of textual interpretation. Classics and Interpretations applies this method to Chinese culture. Several essays focus on hermeneutic traditions of Neo-Confucianism. Others move outside of these traditions to attempt an understanding of the role of hermeneutics in Taoist and Buddhist textual interpretation, in Chinese poetics and painting, and in contemporary Chinese culture.This volume makes a concerted effort to remedy our ignorance of the Chinese hermeneutical tradition. Part 1, "The Great Learning and Hermeneutics," demonstrates the use of commentary to define how the individual creates his social self, and discusses differing interpretations of the Ta-hsueh text and its treatment as either canonical or heterodox. Part 2, "Canonicity and Orthodoxy," considers the philosophical touchstones employed by Neo-Confucian canonical exegetes and polemicists, and discusses the Han canonization of the scriptural Five Classics, while illuminating a double standard that existed in the hermeneutical regime of late imperial China. Part 3, "Hermeneutics as Politics," discusses the transformation of both the classics and scholars, and explores the dominant hermeneutic tradition in Chinese historiography, the scriptural tradition and reinterpretation of the Ch'un-ch'iu, and reveals the pragmatism of Chinese hermeneutics through comparison of the Sung debates over the Mencius. The concluding sections include essays on "Chu Hsi and Interpretation of Chinese Classics," "Hermeneutic Traditions in Chinese Poetics and Non-Confucian Contexts," "Reinterpretation of Confucian Texts in the Ming-Ch'ing Period," and "Contemporary Interpretations of Confucian Culture."Through these literate and brilliantly written essays the reader witnesses not merely the great breadth and depth of Chinese hermeneutics but also its continuity and evolutionary vigor. This volume will excite scholars of the Confucian, Buddhist, and Taoist systems of thought and belief as well as students of history and hermeneutics.
Classics from Papyrus to the Internet: An Introduction to Transmission and Reception (Ashley and Peter Larkin Series in Greek and Roman Culture)
by Jeffrey M. Hunt R. Alden SmithA &“valuable and useful&” history of the efforts and innovations that have kept ancient literary classics alive through the centuries (New England Classical Journal). Writing down the epic tales of the Trojan War and the wanderings of Odysseus in texts that became the Iliad and the Odyssey was a defining moment in the intellectual history of the West, a moment from which many current conventions and attitudes toward books can be traced. But how did texts originally written on papyrus in perhaps the eighth century BC survive across nearly three millennia, so that today people can read them electronically on a smartphone? Classics from Papyrus to the Internet provides a fresh, authoritative overview of the transmission and reception of classical texts from antiquity to the present. The authors begin with a discussion of ancient literacy, book production, papyrology, epigraphy, and scholarship, and then examine how classical texts were transmitted from the medieval period through the Renaissance and the Enlightenment to the modern era. They also address the question of reception, looking at how succeeding generations responded to classical texts, preserving some but not others. This sheds light on the origins of numerous scholarly disciplines that continue to shape our understanding of the past, as well as the determined effort required to keep the literary tradition alive. As a resource for students and scholars in fields such as classics, medieval studies, comparative literature, paleography, papyrology, and Egyptology, Classics from Papyrus to the Internet presents and discusses the major reference works and online professional tools for studying literary transmission.
Classification of Developmental Language Disorders: Theoretical Issues and Clinical Implications
by Ludo Verhoeven Hans Van BalkomChapters written by leading authorities offer current perspectives on the origins and development of language disorders. They address the question: How can the child's linguistic environment be restructured so that children at risk can develop important adaptive skills in the domains of self-care, social interaction, and problem solving? This theory-based, but practical book emphasizes the importance of accurate definitions of subtypes for assessment and intervention. It will be of interest to students, researchers, and practitioners in the field of developmental language disorders.
Classroom Communication and Diversity: Enhancing Instructional Practice
by Robert G. Powell Dana L. PowellClassroom Communication and Diversity is an integral resource for teaching awareness of diversity issues and communication in the classroom. Drawing on the research in the communication and education disciplines, authors Robert G. Powell and Dana Caseau provide theoretical models and useful strategies for improving instructional practices. They address the ways in which culture influences communication in the classroom, and assist teachers in developing the skills necessary to meet the needs of the students in their classrooms. New to the second edition is an expanded skills component, additional teaching resources, and an increased focus on the role of diversity in the classroom. Much of the information shared in this text derives from the authors' research and experience in schools and from the experiences of others, including teachers, parents, and children. Their experiences, combined with the cross-disciplinary approach, produce a volume of unique perspectives and considerable insight.
Classroom Communication and Diversity: Enhancing Instructional Practice (Routledge Communication Series)
by Robert G. Powell Dana L. PowellClassroom Communication and Diversity provides a useful framework for helping both new and experienced teachers and instructors navigate the communication challenges in today’s diverse classroom. It encourages teachers to reflect on how their personal cultures influence their expectations regarding classroom communication. This textbook is distinctive in its distillation of research from numerous sources to provide the best viewpoint and systems for focusing on the needs of the individual learner. Dana L. Powell and Robert G. Powell draw on research in both the communication and education disciplines, and provide useful strategies for improving teaching practices alongside theoretical models regarding diversity in the classroom. Much of the information found in this text is also inspired by the authors’ direct experience in schools and from the experience they have gleaned from other first-line instructors as well as from parents and children. Among the many updates to this Third Edition are: Expanded coverage of students with diverse needs Discussion on working effectively with parents Coverage of cultural influences and the impact of race and ethnicity on disciplinary actions Examination of the role of social media and its impact on instructional communication The increase of educational technology use. Teachers and scholars in the communication and education fields will find this text practical and valuable for their teaching efforts, and it is appropriate for instructional communication courses in both disciplines.
Classroom Communication and Instructional Processes: Advances Through Meta-Analysis (Routledge Communication Series)
by Mike Allen Barbara Mae Gayle Raymond W. Preiss Nancy BurrellThis volume offers a systematic review of the literature on communication education and instruction. Making meta-analysis findings accessible and relevant, the editors of this volume approach the topic from the perspective that meta-analysis serves as a useful tool for summarizing experiments and for determining how and why specific teaching and learning experiences have positive student outcomes. The topics covered here are meaningful and relevant to classroom practice, and each chapter offers a summary of existing quantitative social science research using meta-analysis. With contributions from experienced researchers throughout the communication discipline, this work provides a unique analysis of research in instructional communication.Taken together, the chapters in this volume enhance understanding of behaviors, practices, and processes that promote positive student outcomes. This book is a must-read for scholars, graduate students, and researchers in communication education, and will also be of interest to scholars and researchers in education.
Classroom Discourse and the Space of Learning
by Ference Marton Amy B.M. Tsui Pakey P.M. Chik Po Yuk Ko Mun Ling LoClassroom Discourse and the Space of Learning is about learning in schools and the central role of language in learning. The investigations of learning it reports are based on two premises: First, whatever you are trying to learn, there are certain necessary conditions for succeeding--although you cannot be sure that learning will take place when those conditions are met, you can be sure that no learning will occur if they are not. The limits of what is possible to learn is what the authors call "the space of learning." Second, language plays a central role in learning--it does not merely convey meaning, it also creates meaning. The book explicates the necessary conditions for successful learning and employs investigations of classroom discourse data to demonstrate how the space of learning is linguistically constituted in the classroom.Classroom Discourse and the Space of Learning:*makes the case that an understanding of how the space of learning is linguistically constituted in the classroom is best achieved through investigating "classroom discourse" and that finding out what the conditions are for successful learning and bringing them about should be the teacher's primary professional task. Thus, it is fundamentally important for teachers and student teachers to be given opportunities to observe different teachers teaching the same thing, and to analyze and reflect on whether the classroom discourse in which they are engaged maximizes or minimizes the conditions for learning;*is both more culturally situated and more generalizable than many other studies of learning in schools. Each case of classroom teaching clearly demonstrates how the specific language, culture, and pedagogy molds what is happening in the classroom, yet at the same time it is possible to generalize from these culturally specific examples the necessary conditions that must be met for the development of any specific capability regardless of where the learning is taking place and what other conditions might be present; and *encompasses both theory and practice--providing a detailed explication of the theory of learning underlying the analyses of classroom teaching reported, along with close analyses of a number of authentic cases of classroom teaching driven by classroom discourse data which have practical relevance for teachers.Intended for researchers and graduate students in education, teacher educators, and student teachers, Classroom Discourse and the Space of Learning is practice- and content-oriented, theoretical, qualitative, empirical, and focused on language, and links teaching and learning in significant new ways.
Classroom Discussions: Using Math Talk to Help Students Learn, Grades K-6 (2nd edition)
by Suzanne H. Chapin Catherine O'Connor Nancy Canavan AndersonThis best-selling resource offers an unparalleled look at the significant role that classroom discussions can play in teaching mathematics. New to this edition are more research-based examples of classroom talk at early grade levels, an expanded range of vignettes, discussion questions at the end of each chapter, and connections to NCTM standards.
Classroom Instruction That Works With English Language Learners
by Jane Hill Kathleen FlynnAs more and more English language learners (ELLs) are included in mainstream classrooms, what can we do to ensure that they understand academic content and develop their English language skills? To answer this question, authors Jane Hill and Kathleen Flynn have examined decades of research, interviewed mainstream teachers with ELLs in their classrooms, and reviewed the classroom recommendations from Marzano, Pickering, and Pollock's seminal Classroom Instruction That Works (2001) through an ELL lens. The result is Classroom Instruction That Works with English Language Learners—-a comprehensive guide to helping elementary school students at all levels of English language acquisition succeed. <p><p> The strategies discussed in the book include homework and practice, summarization and note taking, and use of nonlinguistic representations, among many others. For each strategy, the authors provide a summary of the research, detailed examples of how to modify the strategy for use with ELLs in mainstream classrooms, and teacher accounts of implementation. Because ELLs face cultural hurdles as well as linguistic ones, this book also shows teachers how to glean insight into students' backgrounds and address the cultural biases inherent in many classroom practices. <p> Accommodating English language learners is one of the greatest challenges educators face today. Just as different levels of fluency require different approaches, so too do different backgrounds and languages. This practical, research-based book gives elementary school teachers the guidance they need to help ELLs of all nationalities thrive alongside their English-dominant peers.
Classroom Interactions as Cross-Cultural Encounters: Native Speakers in EFL Lessons (ESL & Applied Linguistics Professional Series)
by Jasmine C. Luk Angel M. LinClassroom Interactions as Cross-Cultural Encounters is about native English speakers teaching English as a global language in non-English speaking countries. Through analysis of naturally occurring dialogic encounters, the authors examine the multifaceted ways in which teachers and students utilize diverse communicative resources to construct, display, and negotiate their identities as teachers, learners, and language users, with different pedagogic, institutional, social, and political implications. A range of issues in applied linguistics is addressed, including linguistic imperialism, post-colonial theories, micropolitics of classroom interaction, language and identity, and bilingual classroom practices. Intended to help TESOL professionals of different cultural backgrounds, working in different sociocultural contexts, to critically understand how non-assimilationist, dialogic intercultultural communication with students can be achieved and built on for mutual cultural and linguistic enrichment and empowerment, this book:*emphasizes the sociocultural meanings and micropolitics of classroom interactions that reveal the complex realities of power and identity negotiations in cross-cultural interactions in ELT (English Language Teaching) classroom contexts;*revisits and reconstitutes the notion of native-speakerness and repositions the roles of native and non-native English teachers in the TESOL profession in the contexts of decolonization and globalization; *highlights the need to mobilize intercultural communicative resources for global communication;*addresses two major concerns of EFL (English as a Foreign Language) classroom researchers and teachers: student resistance and learning motivation; and*examines and analyzes the changing ideologies (both explicit and implicit) of teachers and students about English learning in the context of a post-colonial society, and how these ideologies are being enacted, reproduced, but also sometimes contested in EFL classroom interactions. Each chapter includes Questions for Reflection and Discussion to promote critical thinking and understanding of the issues discussed. Tuning-In discussion questions are provided in the three chapters on classroom data analysis to activate readers interpretive schemas before they examine the actual classroom episodes. The data are from an ethnographic study in post-colonial Hong Kong secondary schools involving four native English-speaker teachers and two bilingual Cantonese-English speaking teachers engaged in intercultural classroom dialogues with their Cantonese Hong Kong students. The rich, naturally occurring classroom data and in-depth analyses provide useful pedagogical materials for courses in EFL teacher education programs on classroom discourse analysis from sociocultural perspectives.
The Classrooms All Young Children Need
by Patricia M. CooperThe book identifies a pedagogical model organized around two complementary principles: a curriculum that promotes play and imagination, and the idea of classrooms as fair places where young children of every color, ability, and disposition are welcome.
Claudio Paolillo. Periodista: Columnas, clases y discursos
by Claudio PaolilloEste libro es el legado profesional de uno de los periodistas más importantes del último medio siglo en Uruguay. Los textos escogidos, varios de ellos inéditos, son el resultado de una selección de más de cuarenta años de periodismo donde todos los jueves Paolillo se convirtió en un analista de la actualidad referente en el país. Claudio Paolillo ha sido uno de los periodistas más influyentes en Uruguay desde el retorno de la democracia. Sus columnas en Búsqueda atraparon lectores, inquietaron gobernantes y marcaron agenda. Sus discursos en defensa de la libertad en los foros más encumbrados del continente demostraron su valentía y liderazgo. Sus clases de periodismo, en la redacción y en las aulas, siempre apasionadas y profundas, calaron hondo en generaciones de periodistas. Este libro, que incluye material inédito, reúne muchos de sus trabajos más emblemáticos para lograr ilustrar el pensamiento de un profesional admirado en toda América. Claudio Paolillo. Periodista es un libro de una vigencia impactante, que explica el rol del periodismo contemporáneo y resulta una lectura esencial para entender la sociedad, la política y la cultura del Uruguay. Es también un homenaje a su trayectoria, una invitación a pensar con libertad y una fuente de inspiración para el futuro.
Clear English Pronunciation: A Practical Guide
by Dick SmakmanClear English Pronunciation provides students with the tools to effectively communicate in English without centring solely on native-speaker pronunciation models. The focus of the book is on individual pronunciation targets rather than a one-size-fits-all approach. Divided into four sections, each featuring detailed articulatory explanations, sample sentences, and recordings to help learners improve their pronunciation, this book: introduces the phenomenon of pronunciation as part of a broader communicative realm; explains and demonstrates the melody and rhythm of understandable and natural English pronunciation; supports students in identifying and practicing their own pronunciation issues. Supported by an interactive companion website which features recordings and expanded explanations of key topics, Clear English Pronunciation is an essential textbook for international learners of English who want to improve their pronunciation skills in diverse social settings. https://www.universiteitleiden.nl/clearenglishpronunciation
Clear & Simple: How to Write a Million Dollar Memo
by Cheryl ReimoldHow to Write a Million Dollar Memo is a guide to writing clear and simple business communications.
Clear Speech: Pronunciation and Listening Comprehension in North American English (3rd Edition)
by Judy B. GilbertThis book is designed to help students make the most efficient use of their time as they learn to pronounce English better.