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Language Identification Using Excitation Source Features
by K. Sreenivasa Rao Dipanjan NandiThis book discusses the contribution of excitation source information in discriminating language. The authors focus on the excitation source component of speech for enhancement of language identification (LID) performance. Language specific features are extracted using two different modes: (i) Implicit processing of linear prediction (LP) residual and (ii) Explicit parameterization of linear prediction residual. The book discusses how in implicit processing approach, excitation source features are derived from LP residual, Hilbert envelope (magnitude) of LP residual and Phase of LP residual; and in explicit parameterization approach, LP residual signal is processed in spectral domain to extract the relevant language specific features. The authors further extract source features from these modes, which are combined for enhancing the performance of LID systems. The proposed excitation source features are also investigated for LID in background noisy environments. Each chapter of this book provides the motivation for exploring the specific feature for LID task, and subsequently discuss the methods to extract those features and finally suggest appropriate models to capture the language specific knowledge from the proposed features. Finally, the book discuss about various combinations of spectral and source features, and the desired models to enhance the performance of LID systems.
Language Implementation Patterns: Create Your Own Domain-Specific and General Programming Languages
by Terence ParrLearn to build configuration file readers, data readers, model-driven code generators, source-to-source translators, source analyzers, and interpreters. You don't need a background in computer science--ANTLR creator Terence Parr demystifies language implementation by breaking it down into the most common design patterns. Pattern by pattern, you'll learn the key skills you need to implement your own computer languages.Knowing how to create domain-specific languages (DSLs) can give you a huge productivity boost. Instead of writing code in a general-purpose programming language, you can first build a custom language tailored to make you efficient in a particular domain.The key is understanding the common patterns found across language implementations. Language Design Patterns identifies and condenses the most common design patterns, providing sample implementations of each.The pattern implementations use Java, but the patterns themselves are completely general. Some of the implementations use the well-known ANTLR parser generator, so readers will find this book an excellent source of ANTLR examples as well. But this book will benefit anyone interested in implementing languages, regardless of their tool of choice. Other language implementation books focus on compilers, which you rarely need in your daily life. Instead, Language Design Patterns shows you patterns you can use for all kinds of language applications.You'll learn to create configuration file readers, data readers, model-driven code generators, source-to-source translators, source analyzers, and interpreters. Each chapter groups related design patterns and, in each pattern, you'll get hands-on experience by building a complete sample implementation. By the time you finish the book, you'll know how to solve most common language implementation problems.
Language Intelligence: Expanding Frontiers in Natural Language Processing
by Akshi KumarThorough review of foundational concepts and advanced techniques in natural language processing (NLP) and its impact across sectors Supported by examples and case studies throughout, Language Intelligence provides an in-depth exploration of the latest advancements in natural language processing (NLP), offering a unique blend of insight on theoretical foundations, practical applications, and future directions in the field. Comprised of 10 chapters, this book provides a thorough understanding of both foundational concepts and advanced techniques, starting with an overview of the historical development of NLP and essential mechanisms of Natural Language Understanding (NLU) and Natural Language Generation (NLG). It delves into the data landscape crucial for NLP, emphasizing ethical considerations, and equips readers with fundamental text processing techniques. The book also discusses linguistic features central to NLP and explores computational and cognitive approaches that enrich the field’s advancement. Practical applications and advanced processing techniques across various sectors like healthcare, legal, finance, and education are showcased, along with a critical examination of NLP metrics and methods for evaluation. The appendices offer detailed explorations of text representation methods, advanced applications, and Python’s NLP capabilities, aiming to inform, inspire, and ignite a passion for NLP in the ever-expanding digital universe. Written by a highly qualified academic with significant research experience in the field, Language Intelligence covers topics including: Fundamental text processing, covering text cleaning, sentence splitting, tokenization, lemmatization and stemming, stop-word removal, part-of-speech tagging, and parsing and syntactic analysisComputational and cognitive approaches, covering human-like reasoning, transfer learning, and learning with minimal examplesAffective, psychological, and content analysis, covering sentiment analysis, emotion recognition, irony, humour, and sarcasm detection, and indicators of distressMultilingual natural language processing, covering translation and transliteration, cross-lingual models and embeddings, low-resource language processing, and cultural nuance and idiom recognition Language Intelligence is an ideal reference for professionals across sectors and graduate students in related programs of study who have a foundational understanding of computer science, linguistics, and artificial intelligence looking to delve deeper into the intricacies of NLP.
Language Learning with Technology: Perspectives from Asia
by Lindsay Miller Junjie Gavin WuThis book is about language learning with technology, offering readers theoretical insights as well as practical case studies with a focus on Asia and Asian students. Although technology is rapidly advancing and most, if not all, students are already using technology in their everyday lives, traditional teaching/learning practices still exist throughout Asia. This book provides examples, written by representative educators, from a variety of countries/regions and contexts where technology has successfully been used to enhance language learning. In addition to some everyday examples of using technology: Wikipedia, PowerPoint, Google Docs and YouTube, the book also offers the readers an insight into the future possible uses of advanced technology: Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, Artificial Intelligence and Eye Tracking. The book presents illustrations of how teachers can, and perhaps should, be open to integrating some form of technology into in-class learning or using it to supplement out-of-class activities.
Language Machines: Cultural AI and the End of Remainder Humanism (Posthumanities #74)
by Leif WeatherbyHow generative AI systems capture a core function of language Looking at the emergence of generative AI, Language Machines presents a new theory of meaning in language and computation, arguing that humanistic scholarship misconstrues how large language models (LLMs) function. Seeing LLMs as a convergence of computation and language, Leif Weatherby contends that AI does not simulate cognition, as widely believed, but rather creates culture. This evolution in language, he finds, is one that we are ill-prepared to evaluate, as what he terms &“remainder humanism&” counterproductively divides the human from the machine without drawing on established theories of representation that include both. To determine the consequences of using AI for language generation, Weatherby reads linguistic theory in conjunction with the algorithmic architecture of LLMs. He finds that generative AI captures the ways in which language is at first complex, cultural, and poetic, and only later referential, functional, and cognitive. This process is the semiotic hinge on which an emergent AI culture depends. Weatherby calls for a &“general poetics&” of computational cultural forms under the formal conditions of the algorithmic reproducibility of language. Locating the output of LLMs on a spectrum from poetry to ideology, Language Machines concludes that literary theory must be the backbone of a new rhetorical training for our linguistic-computational culture.
Language Modeling for Automatic Speech Recognition of Inflective Languages
by Gregor Donaj Zdravko KačičThis book covers language modeling and automatic speech recognition for inflective languages (e. g. Slavic languages), which represent roughly half of the languages spoken in Europe. These languages do not perform as well as English in speech recognition systems and it is therefore harder to develop an application with sufficient quality for the end user. The authors describe the most important language features for the development of a speech recognition system. This is then presented through the analysis of errors in the system and the development of language models and their inclusion in speech recognition systems, which specifically address the errors that are relevant for targeted applications. The error analysis is done with regard to morphological characteristics of the word in the recognized sentences. The book is oriented towards speech recognition with large vocabularies and continuous and even spontaneous speech. Today such applications work with a rather small number of languages compared to the number of spoken languages.
Language Processing with Perl and Prolog
by Pierre M. NuguesThe areas of natural language processing and computational linguistics have continued to grow in recent years, driven by the demand to automatically process text and spoken data. With the processing power and techniques now available, research is scaling up from lab prototypes to real-world, proven applications. This book teaches the principles of natural language processing, first covering practical linguistics issues such as encoding and annotation schemes, defining words, tokens and parts of speech and morphology, as well as key concepts in machine learning, such as entropy, regression and classification, which are used throughout the book. It then details the language-processing functions involved, including part-of-speech tagging using rules and stochastic techniques, using Prolog to write phase-structure grammars, syntactic formalisms and parsing techniques, semantics, predicate logic and lexical semantics and analysis of discourse and applications in dialogue systems. A key feature of the book is the author's hands-on approach throughout, with sample code in Prolog and Perl, extensive exercises, and a detailed introduction to Prolog. The reader is supported with a companion website that contains teaching slides, programs and additional material. The second edition is a complete revision of the techniques exposed in the book to reflect advances in the field the author redesigned or updated all the chapters, added two new ones and considerably expanded the sections on machine-learning techniques.
Language Server Protocol and Implementation: Supporting Language-Smart Editing and Programming Tools
by Nadeeshaan Gunasinghe Nipuna MarcusUnderstand the important aspects of implementing a production-grade language server in support of language-smart tools such as code editors and other programming utilities. This book shows you how to create a single implementation of a language server that can be used by multiple tools, enabling you to do the job once in a way that can be shared and reused. This book covers the language server protocol used for communication between programming tools and your language server. The book also provides an in-depth understanding of the design, implementation, and user experience aspects which should be considered when implementing a language server. The book walks you through an example language server implementation to illustrate the basic concepts, then goes on to cover advanced aspects of language server use such as progress reporting, launchers, and extension points. User experience is an important aspect of language server implementation and different tooling vendors strive to provide their own unique user experiences. This book explains how the protocol features can be leveraged to address the unique developer experience provided by different tooling vendors. The book also shows how to enhance the smoothness of the editing experience by orchestrating multiple features together.What You Will LearnImplement a language server from scratchUnderstand language server protocol and its data modelsLeverage the protocol while preserving the unique user experience of different editorsExtend the protocol to support more than its standard capabilitiesRun a language server on top of launchers such as standard I/O and TCP socketSeamlessly incorporate language semantics into your protocol featuresWho This Book Is ForDevelopers focused on and passionate about implementing language development tools such as plug-ins and extensions for interactive development environments (IDEs) or other tools that rely upon parsing of language statements and commands, and developers who need an in-depth understanding of the language server protocol as well as how to use the language server protocol to develop extensible language services
Language and Automata Theory and Applications
by Carlos Martín-Vide Adrian-Horia Dediu Jan Janoušek Bianca TrutheThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th InternationalConference on Language and Automata Theory and Applications, LATA 2016, held inPrague, Czech Republic, in March 2016. The 42 revised full papers presented together with 5 invited talks werecarefully reviewed and selected from 119 submissions. The papers cover thefollowing topics: algebraic language theory; algorithms for semi-structureddata mining, algorithms on automata and words; automata and logic; automata forsystem analysis and program verification; automata networks, concurrency andPetri nets; automatic structures; cellular automata, codes, combinatorics onwords; computational complexity; data and image compression; descriptionalcomplexity; digital libraries and document engineering; foundations of finitestate technology; foundations of XML; fuzzy and rough languages; grammaticalinference and algorithmic learning; graphs and graph transformation; languagevarieties and semigroups; parallel and regulated rewriting; parsing; patterns;string and combinatorial issues in computational biology and bioinformatics;string processing algorithms; symbolic dynamics; term rewriting; transducers;trees, tree languages and tree automata; weighted automata.
Language and Automata Theory and Applications
by Carlos Martín-Vide Frank Drewes Bianca TrutheThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Language and Automata Theory and Applications, LATA 2015, held in Nice, France in March 2015. The 53 revised full papers presented together with 5 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 115 submissions. The papers cover the following topics: algebraic language theory; algorithms for semi-structured data mining, algorithms on automata and words; automata and logic; automata for system analysis and program verification; automata networks, concurrency and Petri nets; automatic structures; cellular automata, codes, combinatorics on words; computational complexity; data and image compression; descriptional complexity; digital libraries and document engineering; foundations of finite state technology; foundations of XML; fuzzy and rough languages; grammatical inference and algorithmic learning; graphs and graph transformation; language varieties and semigroups; parallel and regulated rewriting; parsing; patterns; string and combinatorial issues in computational biology and bioinformatics; string processing algorithms; symbolic dynamics; term rewriting; transducers; trees, tree languages and tree automata; weighted automata.
Language and Automata Theory and Applications: 12th International Conference, Lata 2018, Ramat Gan, Israel, April 9-11, 2018, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #10792)
by Shmuel Tomi Klein Carlos Martín-Vide Dana ShapiraThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Language and Automata Theory and Applications, LATA 2018, held in Ramat Gan, Israel, in April 2018.The 20 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 58 submissions. The papers cover fields like algebraic language theory, algorithms for semi-structured data mining, algorithms on automata and words, automata and logic, automata for system analysis and programme verification, automata networks, automatic structures, codes, combinatorics on words, computational complexity, concurrency and Petri nets, data and image compression, descriptional complexity, foundations of finite state technology, foundations of XML, grammars (Chomsky hierarchy, contextual, unification, categorial, etc.), grammatical inference and algorithmic learning, graphs and graph transformation, language varieties and semigroups, language-based cryptography, mathematical and logical foundations of programming methodologies, parallel and regulated rewriting, parsing, patterns, power series, string processing algorithms, symbolic dynamics, term rewriting, transducers, trees, tree languages and tree automata, and weighted automata.
Language and Automata Theory and Applications: 13th International Conference, LATA 2019, St. Petersburg, Russia, March 26-29, 2019, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11417)
by Carlos Martín-Vide Alexander Okhotin Dana ShapiraThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Language and Automata Theory and Applications, LATA 2019, held in St. Petersburg, Russia, in March 2019. The 31 revised full papers presented together with 5 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 98 submissions. The papers cover the following topics: Automata; Complexity; Grammars; Languages; Graphs, trees and rewriting; and Words and codes.
Language and Automata Theory and Applications: 14th International Conference, LATA 2020, Milan, Italy, March 4–6, 2020, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12038)
by Carlos Martín-Vide Claudio Zandron Alberto Leporati Dana ShapiraThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Language and Automata Theory and Applications, LATA 2020, which was planned to be held in Milan, Italy, in March 2020. Due to the corona pandemic, the actual conference was postponed and will be held together with LATA 2021.The 26 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 59 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: algebraic structures; automata; complexity; grammars; languages; trees and graphs; and words and codes. The book also contains 6 invited papers in full-paper length.
Language and Automata Theory and Applications: 15th International Conference, LATA 2021, Milan, Italy, March 1–5, 2021, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12638)
by Carlos Martín-Vide Claudio Zandron Alberto Leporati Dana ShapiraThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Language and Automata Theory and Applications, LATA 2021, held in Milan, Italy, in March 2021. The 26 full papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 52 submissions. They were organized in topical sections named: algebraic structures; automata; complexity; learning; logics and languages; trees and graphs; and words and strings.
Language and Complex Systems
by William A. Kretzschmar Jr.An understanding of language as a complex system helps us to think differently about linguistics, and helps us to address the impact of linguistic interaction. This book demonstrates how the science of complex systems changes every area of linguistics: how to make a grammar, how to think about the history of language, how language works in the brain, and how it works in social settings. Kretzschmar argues that to construct the best grammars of languages it is necessary to understand the complex system of speech. Each chapter makes specific recommendations for how linguists should manage empirical data in order to form better generalizations about a language and its varieties. The book will be welcomed by students and scholars working in linguistics and English language, especially the study of language variation and the historical development of English.
Language in Complexity
by Francesco La Mantia Ignazio Licata Pietro PercontiThis contributed volume explores the achievements gained and the remaining puzzling questions by applying dynamical systems theory to the linguistic inquiry. In particular, the book is divided into three parts, each one addressing one of the following topics: 1) Facing complexity in the right way: mathematics and complexity 2) Complexity and theory of language 3) From empirical observation to formal models: investigation of specific linguistic phenomena, like enunciation, deixis, or the meaning of the metaphorical phrases The application of complexity theory to describe cognitive phenomena is a recent and very promising trend in cognitive science. At the time when dynamical approaches triggered a paradigm shift in cognitive science some decade ago, the major topic of research were the challenges imposed by classical computational approaches dealing with the explanation of cognitive phenomena like consciousness, decision making and language. The target audience primarily comprises researchers and experts in the field but the book may also be beneficial for graduate and post-graduate students who want to enter the field.
Language, Gender and Videogames: Using Corpora to Analyse the Representation of Gender in Fantasy Videogames
by Frazer HeritageThis book explores how corpus linguistic techniques can be applied to close analysis of videogames as a text, particularly examining how language is used to construct representations of gender in fantasy videogames. The author demonstrates a wide array of techniques which can be used to both build corpora of videogames and to analyse them, revealing broad patterns of representation within the genre, while also zooming in to focus on diachronic changes in the representation of gender within a best-selling videogame series and a Massively Multiplayer Online Role Playing Game (MMORPG). The book examines gender as a social variable, making use of corpus linguistic methods to demonstrate how the language used to depict gender is complex but often repeated. This book combines fields including language and gender studies, new media studies, ludolinguistics, and corpus linguistics, and it will be of interest to scholars in these and related disciplines.
Language, Logic, and Computation: 12th International Tbilisi Symposium, TbiLLC 2017, Lagodekhi, Georgia, September 18-22, 2017, Revised Selected Papers (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11456)
by Peter Sutton Alexandra Silva Sam Staton Carla UmbachThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Tbilisi Symposium on Logic, Language and Computation, TbiLLC 2017, held in Lagodekhi, Georgia, in September 2017.The volume contains 17 full revised papers presented at the conference from 22 submissions. The aim of this conference series is to bring together researchers from a wide variety of fields in Natural language syntax, Linguistic typology, Language evolution, Logics for artificial intelligence and much more.
Language, Music and Computing: Second International Workshop, Lmac 2017, St. Petersburg, Russia, April 17-19, 2017, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #943)
by Asya Pereltsvaig Polina Eismont Olga Mitrenina<P><P>This book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Workshop on Language, Music and Computing, LMAC 2017, held in St. Petersburg, Russia, in April 2017. <P><P> The 18 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 52 submissions. They were organized in topical sections on the universal grammar of music, the surface of music and singing, language as music, music computing, formalization of the informality.
Language, Music, and Computing
by Polina Eismont Natalia KonstantinovaThis bookconstitutes the proceedings of the First International Workshop on Language,Music and Computing, LMAC 2015, held in St. Petersburg, Russia, in April 2015. The 13papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 38 submissions. They were organized in topical sections on music and language in education; corpus studies of language and music; problemsof notation; and linguistic studies of music.
Language, Proof and Logic 2nd Edition
by David Barker-Plummer Jon Barwise John EtchemendyThis book covers first-order language in a method appropriate for first and second courses in logic. It is designed to be used by undergraduates in philosophy, computer science, mathematics, and linguistics. Introductory material is presented in a systematic and accessible fashion. Advanced chapters include proofs of soundness and completeness for propositional and predicate logic, as well as an accessible sketch of Godel's first incompleteness theorem. The book is appropriate for a wide range of courses, from first logic courses for undergraduates (philosophy, mathematics, and computer science) to a first graduate logic course.
Language, Space and Mind
by Paul ChiltonThe idea that spatial cognition provides the foundation of linguistic meanings, even highly abstract meanings, has been put forward by a number of linguists in recent years. This book takes this proposal into new dimensions and develops a theoretical framework based on simple geometric principles. All speakers are conceptualisers who have a point of view both in a literal and in an abstract sense, choosing their perspective in space, time and the real world. The book examines the conceptualising properties of verbs, including tense, aspect, modality and transitivity, as well as the conceptual workings of grammatical constructions associated with counterfactuality, other minds and the expression of moral force. It makes links to the cognitive sciences throughout and concludes with a discussion of the relationship between language, brain and mind.
Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing
by Peng Wu Chen Ding John CriswellThe 19th Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing was heldinNovember2006inNewOrleans, LouisianaUSA. Morethan40researchers from around the world gathered together to present their latest results and to exchange ideas on topics ranging from parallel programming models, code generation, compilationtechniques, paralleldatastructureandparallelexecution models, toregisterallocationandmemorymanagementinparallelenvironments. Out of the 49 paper submissions, the Program Committee, with the help of external reviewers, selected 24 papers for presentation at the workshop. Each paper had at least three reviews and was extensively discussed in the comm- tee meeting. The papers were presented in 30-minute sessions at the workshop. One of the selected papers, while still included in the proceedings, was not p- sented because of an unfortunate visa problem that prevented the authors from attending the workshop. We werefortunateto havetwooutstanding keynoteaddressesatLCPC2006, both from UC Berkeley. Kathy Yelick presented Compilation Techniques for Partitioned Global Address Space Languages. In this keynote she discussed the issues in developing programming models for large-scale parallel machines and clusters, and how PGAS languages compare to languages emerging from the DARPA HPCS program. She also presented compiler analysis and optimi- tion techniques developed in the context of UPC and Titanium source-to-source compilers for parallel program and communication optimizations. "
Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing
by Călin Caşcaval Pablo MontesinosThis book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 26th International Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing, LCPC 2013, held in Tokyo, Japan, in September 2012. The 20 revised full papers and two keynote papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 44 submissions. The focus of the papers is on following topics: parallel programming models, compiler analysis techniques, parallel data structures and parallel execution models, to GPGPU and other heterogeneous execution models, code generation for power efficiency on mobile platforms, and debugging and fault tolerance for parallel systems.
Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing
by Xipeng Shen Frank Mueller James TuckThisbook constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-conference proceedings of the 28thInternational Workshop on Languages and Compilers for Parallel Computing, LCPC2015, held in Raleigh, NC, USA, in September 2015. The19 revised full papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 44 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on programming models, optimizingframework, parallelizing compiler, communication and locality, parallelapplications and data structures, and correctness and reliability.