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Policing America's Educational Systems
by John Harrison WattsPolicing America’s Educational Systems, edited by John Harrison Watts, describes methods of policing modern educational settings, covering both K-12 public school and public or private colleges and universities. Using topical examples, subject-matter experts introduce the history of policing in elementary and high schools, the legal context governing educational institutions, and ways to assess risk and prevent or respond to crime, including active-shooter incidents. The opening section covers primary and secondary education, while the second focuses on postsecondary educational settings. A final section offers a theoretical approach to understanding campus crime and discusses the role of counseling and mental health in keeping students safe. A concluding chapter looks at the future of policing in education. Contributors bring both academic and practitioner experience to each topic covered, and useful features include learning objectives, chapter summaries, key terms, and discussion questions that further explore the issues and controversies covered in that section. This textbook is designed for courses in school or campus policing within criminal justice, social work, and sociology programs, and is also appropriate for in-service training for professionals involved in school or campus policing and safety.
Policing and Intelligence in the Global Big Data Era, Volume I: New Global Perspectives on Algorithmic Governance (Palgrave's Critical Policing Studies)
by Tereza Østbø Kuldova Helene Oppen Ingebrigtsen Gundhus Christin Thea WathnePolicing and Intelligence in the Global Big Data Era, Volume I, the first of a two volume set, presents a rich and unique collection of global perspectives on data-driven predictive technologies and the expansion and use of surveillance apparatuses in policing and intelligence, both public and private. Centered around the notion of ‘algorithmic governance’, this volume explores various practices of abstract and intelligence-led policing within the context of surveillance and regulatory capitalism. Each chapter interrogates these concepts as much as realities on the ground as they play out across the globe – from Russia, USA, India, Brazil to Denmark, Germany and Norway. The volume offers a unique insight into the ways in which technologies and data-driven practices – from facial recognition, predictive algorithms, to generative AI – are reshaping cultures of policing both within and beyond police proper. Particular attention is paid to the simultaneous privatization and pluralization policing and intelligence and to the proliferation of new intelligence actors. Academics, students and readers interested in the fields of criminology, social anthropology, critical algorithm.
Policing and Intelligence in the Global Big Data Era, Volume II: New Global Perspectives on the Politics and Ethics of Knowledge (Palgrave's Critical Policing Studies)
by Tereza Østbø Kuldova Helene Oppen Ingebrigtsen Gundhus Christin Thea WathneThis volume, the second of a two volume set, offers a rich and unique collection of global perspectives on data-driven predictive technologies and the expansion and use of surveillance apparatuses in policing and intelligence, both public and private. Volume II delves into the epistemologies of data, into the imaginaries of accuracy, and fantasies of technosolutionism, utilizing empirical case studies to interrogate the use of data in policing, while raising questions pertaining to governance, ethics and knowledge construction. The chapters span from exploring the construction of clean and dirty data in private and public policing in South Africa, discussions about facial recognition and technopolitics in Brazil, the construction of intelligence and organizational learning in Norwegian police ethics and broader questions of transparency, data quality, and trust in data-driven policing, to the very topical issues of policing of generative AI and the ways in which both authoritarian and liberal democracies, such as China and India, use biopolitics to turn social welfare into surveillance. Academics and students of criminology, social anthropology, critical algorithm studies, critical sociology, and regional studies, will find this timely volume of interest.
Policing Cyber Hate, Cyber Threats and Cyber Terrorism
by Brian BlakemoreWhat are cyber threats? This book brings together a diverse range of multidisciplinary ideas to explore the extent of cyber threats, cyber hate and cyber terrorism. This ground-breaking text provides a comprehensive understanding of the range of activities that can be defined as cyber threats. It also shows how this activity forms in our communities and what can be done to try to prevent individuals from becoming cyber terrorists. This text will be of interest to academics, professionals and practitioners involved in building social capital; engaging with hard to reach individuals and communities; the police and criminal justice sector as well as IT professionals.
Policing Digital Crime
by Sarah Bryant Robin BryantBy its very nature digital crime may present a number of specific detection and investigative challenges. The use of steganography to hide child abuse images for example, can pose the kind of technical and legislative problems inconceivable just two decades ago. The volatile nature of much digital evidence can also pose problems, particularly in terms of the actions of the 'first officer on the scene'. There are also concerns over the depth of understanding that 'generic' police investigators may have concerning the possible value (or even existence) of digitally based evidence. Furthermore, although it is perhaps a cliché to claim that digital crime (and cybercrime in particular) respects no national boundaries, it is certainly the case that a significant proportion of investigations are likely to involve multinational cooperation, with all the complexities that follow from this. This groundbreaking volume offers a theoretical perspective on the policing of digital crime in the western world. Using numerous case-study examples to illustrate the theoretical material introduced this volume examine the organisational context for policing digital crime as well as crime prevention and detection. This work is a must-read for all academics, police practitioners and investigators working in the field of digital crime.
Policing Global Movement: Tourism, Migration, Human Trafficking, and Terrorism (International Police Executive Symposium Co-Publications)
by S. Caroline Taylor Daniel Joseph Torpy Dilip K. DasThe movement of humans across borders is increasing exponentially‘some for benign reasons, others nefarious, including terrorism, human trafficking, and people smuggling. Consequently, the policing of human movement within and across borders has been and remains a significant concern to nations. Policing Global Movement: Tourism, Migration, Human T
Policing in Israel: Studying Crime Control, Community, and Counterterrorism (Advances in Police Theory and Practice)
by Tal Jonathan-Zamir David Weisburd Badi Hasisi"It is hoped that, through this series, it will be possible to accelerate the process of building knowledge about policing and help bridge the gap between the two worlds the world of police research and police practice. This is an invitation to police scholars and practitioners across the world to come and join in this venture." Dilip K. Das, PhD,
Policing in the Era of AI and Smart Societies (Advanced Sciences and Technologies for Security Applications)
by Babak Akhgar Hamid Jahankhani Mohammad Dastbaz Peter CochraneThis book presents a compilation of collaborations between researchers and practitioners in the fields of policing and cyber criminology, IT law and security, providing a comprehensive overview of current and emerging challenges in law enforcement, AI and Digital Society. The advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI), together with the spread of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, is creating smart societies that are increasingly interconnected. The scope of connectivity, massive rise in the volume of smart devices and growing interfaces between humans and technology, together with the expansion of Big Data and volumetric metadata generated and collated, are driving the cultural change toward Industry 4.0. Therefore, in light of do-it-yourself biohackers trying to become cyborgs, Augmented Humanity (fusion between humans and technology), governments’ utilization of the various technologies (example eHealth), holographic communications, smart cities / smart societies, cryptocurrencies etc., in the era of Industry 4.0 with AI at its core, enhancing their policing models has become a priority for governments. As the patterns of crime, policy and technology are changing in line with smart societies, law enforcement agencies around the world are called upon to formulate future-ready legislative frameworks, rethink crime prevention, investigatory decision making and predictive policing, prevent or mitigate potentially devastating cyber-attacks, and ensure the security of operational capabilities, namely: Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence (C3I).
Policing Organized Crime: Intelligence Strategy Implementation (Advances in Police Theory and Practice)
by Petter GottschalkWhen criminal activity is as straightforward as a childs game of cops and robbers, the role of the police is obvious, but today‘s bad guys don‘t always wear black. In fact, the most difficult criminals to cope with are those who straddle the gray divide between licit and illicit activity. Many of these nefarious sorts operate on the fringe of soci
Policing the Internet (Point Counterpoint)
by Alan MarzilliExamines government efforts to police the Internet and the ongoing debate between supporters of free speech and those who think that free speech on the Internet has gone too far.
Policy as Code: Improving Cloud Native Security
by Jimmy RayIn today's cloud native world, where we automate as much as possible, everything is code. With this practical guide, you'll learn how Policy as Code (PaC) provides the means to manage the policies, related data, and responses to events that occur within the systems we maintain—Kubernetes, cloud security, software supply chain security, infrastructure as code, and microservices authorization, among others.Author Jimmy Ray provides a practical approach to integrating PaC solutions into your systems, with plenty of real-world examples and important hands-on guidance. DevOps and DevSecOps engineers, Kubernetes developers, and cloud engineers will understand how to choose and then implement the most appropriate solutions.Understand PaC theory, best practices, and use cases for securityLearn how to choose and use the correct PaC solution for your needsExplore PaC tooling and deployment options for writing and managing PaC policiesApply PaC to DevOps, IaC, Kubernetes, and AuthN/AuthZExamine how you can use PaC to implement security controlsVerify that your PaC solution is providing the desired resultCreate auditable artifacts to satisfy internal and external regulatory requirements
Policy-Based Autonomic Data Governance (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11550)
by Seraphin Calo Elisa Bertino Dinesh VermaAdvances in artificial intelligence, sensor computing, robotics, and mobile systems are making autonomous systems a reality. At the same time, the influence of edge computing is leading to more distributed architectures incorporating more autonomous elements. The flow of information is critical in such environments, but the real time, distributed nature of the system components complicates the data protection mechanisms. Policy-based management has proven useful in simplifying the complexity of management in domains like networking, security, and storage; it is expected that many of those benefits would carry over to the task of managing big data and autonomous systems. This book aims at providing an overview of recent work and identifying challenges related to the design of policy-based approaches for managing big data and autonomous systems. An important new direction explored in the book is to make the major elements of the system self-describing and self-managing. This would lead to architectures where policy mechanisms are tightly coupled with the system elements. In such integrated architectures, we need new models for information assurance, traceability of information, and better provenance on information flows. In addition when dealing with devices with actuation capabilities and, thus, being able to make changes to physical spaces, safety is critical. With an emphasis on policy-based mechanisms for governance of data security and privacy, and for safety assurance, the papers in this volume follow three broad themes: foundational principles and use-cases for the autonomous generation of policies; safe autonomy; policies and autonomy in federated environments.
Policy Decision Modeling with Fuzzy Logic: Theoretical and Computational Aspects (Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing #405)
by Ali GuidaraThis book introduces the concept of policy decision emergence and its dynamics at the sub systemic level of the decision process. This level constitutes the breeding ground of the emergence of policy decisions but remains unexplored due to the absence of adequate tools. It is a nonlinear complex system made of several entities that interact dynamically. The behavior of such a system cannot be understood with linear and deterministic methods.The book presents an innovative multidisciplinary approach that results in the development of a Policy Decision Emergence Simulation Model (PODESIM). This computational model is a multi-level fuzzy inference system that allows the identification of the decision emergence levers.This development represents a major advancement in the field of public policy decision studies. It paves the way for decision emergence modeling and simulation by bridging complex systems theory, multiple streams theory, and fuzzy logic theory.
Policy Design in the Age of Digital Adoption: Explore how PolicyOps can drive Policy as Code adoption in an organization's digital transformation
by Ricardo FerreiraA proven methodology to build a PolicyOps function and public policy design frameworks for digital adoption, supporting your organization's journey into new paradigms and service models such as Cloud, SaaS, CaaS, FaaS, and DevOpsKey FeaturesUnderstand and define policies that can be consumed across the businessLeverage a framework to embed Policy as Code into the organizationLearn how to use Open Policy Agent and its powerful policy language, RegoBook DescriptionPolicy as Code (PaC) is a powerful paradigm that enables organizations to implement, validate, and measure policies at scale. Policy Design in the Age of Digital Adoption is a comprehensive guide to understanding policies, their design, and implementation for cloud environments using a DevOps-based framework. You'll discover how to create the necessary automation, its integration, and which stakeholders to involve.Complete with essential concepts, practical examples, and self-assessment questions, this book will help you understand policies and how new technologies such as cloud, microservices, and serverless leverage Policy as Code. You'll work with a custom framework to implement PaC in the organization, and advance to integrating policies, guidelines, and regulations into code to enhance the security and resilience posture of the organization. You'll also examine existing tools, evaluate them, and learn a framework to implement PaC so that technical and business teams can collaborate more effectively.By the end of this book, you'll have gained the confidence to design digital policies across your organizational environment.What you will learnUnderstand policies, guidelines, regulations and how they fit together in an organizationDiscover policy-related current challenges brought by digital transformation regarding policiesFind out about Open Policy Engine (OPA) and other policy engines for different environmentsGet to grips with the latest developments in PaC through a review of the literature, toolset, and usageExplore the PaC framework to develop trust at scale, leveraging patterns and best practicesBecome familiar with tool evaluation and selection using real-world examplesWho this book is forFrom decision-makers, such as chief information officers (CIOs) and chief information security officers (CISOs) responsible for affecting change horizontally in an organization, to cloud and DevOps architects and engineers, this book will help professionals involved in designing, implementing, and measuring policies in their organizations. A basic understanding of concepts such as cloud-native technologies, Infrastructure as Code, DevOps, and automation is necessary to get started with this book.
Policy for Open and Distance Learning: World review of distance education and open learning Volume 4
by Hilary Perraton Helen LentellPolicy for Open and Distance Learning considers the questions that planners and policy makers in open and distance learning need to address at any level of education.Starting by analysing the range of purposes for which open and distance learning is used, the book places the issues in context and examines experience in both the public and private sector. As well as discussing in detail new agenda set by new information and communication technologies, the book covers:* Inputs * Processes * Outcomes.The editors, Hilary Perraton and Helen Lentell, have drawn together an international team of contributors who have examined the varied roles of the new technologies as well as low-technology approaches to open and distance learning throughout the world.This book will be invaluable to policy makers in education and those planning or managing open and distance learning programmes. It will also be of interest to students and teachers of education and anyone concerned with comparative education.
Policy-Oriented Technology Assessment Across Europe: Expanding Capacities
by Lars Klüver Rasmus Øjvind Nielsen Marie Louise JørgensenThis book is open access under a CC-BY license. Policy-making to address grand challenges faces greater complexity than any previous project of modernization. Future scenarios are haunted by uncertainty and there is real ambivalence as to the values that policy should strive for. In this situation decision-makers look to research and innovation to provide answers and solutions. But neither can the great transitions ahead be planned by science, nor will conventional methods of innovation bring such transitions about. A turn to interactive governance is therefore underway with policy-makers and citizens becoming increasingly involved in processes of deliberating futures. Technology Assessment (TA) is the art of structuring such processes. TA goes beyond traditional expert policy analysis by systematically combining a multi-disciplinary evidence base with participatory approaches to policy deliberation. TA thus seeks to act as a hub for serious and transparent dialogue between policy, industry, science, and society about the challenges ahead and the available options for overcoming them responsibly. This volume offers an up-to-date account of the expansion of technology assessment capacities across new European member states. The contributions of this volume are written by leading European researchers and practitioners in technology assessment (TA) and are based on the PACITA (Parliaments and Civil Society in Technology Assessment) project.
Policy Unplugged
by Jennifer Jenson Chloë Brushwood Rose Brian LewisThe authors conducted a two-year study on the implementation of computer technologies, including in-depth interviews and classroom observation at thirty-two elementary and secondary schools across Canada. Based on this research, Policy Unplugged explores the intersections and disconnections between provincial technology policy, school board policy, and school-based practices. The authors consider the ways in which technology policy has become "unplugged" from daily experience, showing that teachers, students, and administrators are part of complex pedagogical and social systems that have been badly served by the enforced and hasty introduction of technology. They also show how small, often unquestioned practices and power relations in schools can create seemingly insurmountable impediments to technological implementation.
Policymaking for Citizen Behavior Change: A Social Marketing Approach
by Nancy R. LeeSocial marketing is a discipline unfamiliar to many policymakers, often confused with the more frequently applied and studied fields of social media, behavioral economics, or social change. Social marketing is a growing field and methodology, however, that has been successfully applied to improve public health, prevent injuries, protect the environment, engage communities, and improve financial well-being. Policymaking for Citizen Behavior Change is designed to demonstrate the ways in which social marketing can be an effective and efficient tool to change citizens’ behavior, and how to advocate for and support its appropriate application. Providing a 10-Step Planning Model and examining a variety of social marketing cases and tools, including more than 40 success stories, Policymaking for Citizen Behavior Change is core reading for current policymakers, as well as all those studying and practicing social marketing, particularly in the public sector. It’s also worthwhile supplementary reading for those studying public policy, public administration, environmental justice, public health, and other programs on how to effect social change.
Polished Game Development
by Steven GoodwinLearn the things you need for a complete game, such as translations and tutorials, and improve the things you've already written to raise their standard to a professional level. This is a practical guide covering every discipline: art, music, writing, and code. In the case of the latter, code examples are included to demonstrate how to implement functionality to make the game shine. Polished Game Development acts as a comprehensive checklist of everything your game should, and should not, do, in order to be as good as it possibly can. It is more than just a book on theoretical game design principles. Explains the difference between a pet project, and a professional one. Covers how to test for the problems and bugs you don't know you'll have. Details simple, but effective, visual improvements that can be done with very little effort. Regardless of platform (web, mobile, or console), or language (C++, C#, JavaScript) there is a wealth of common (and specific) tips within these pages that will enable you to make the most professional games you can. What You Will LearnLearn what essential elements are often missedStay on-brand, visually and verballyUse audio to enhance your gameImprove game balanceTest effectivelyWho This Book Is ForPolished Game Development is for game developers looking for a guide and checklist on how to get their game finished to the highest possible standards. They will know how to write a game, and get it released, but not necessarily how to make it shine. They will be professional developers, indies, university students and graduates.
Polished Ruby Programming: Build better software with more intuitive, maintainable, scalable, and high-performance Ruby code
by Jeremy EvansBecome an accomplished Ruby programmer by understanding the design principles, best practices, and trade-offs involved in implementation approaches to keep your Ruby applications maintainable in the long termKey FeaturesUnderstand the design principles behind polished Ruby code and trade-offs between implementation approachesUse metaprogramming and DSLs to reduce the amount of code needed without decreasing maintainabilityLearn Ruby web application design principles and strategies for databases, security, and testingBook DescriptionMost successful Ruby applications become difficult to maintain over time as the codebase grows in size. Polished Ruby Programming provides you with recommendations and advice for designing Ruby programs that are easy to maintain in the long term. This book takes you through implementation approaches for many common programming situations, the trade-offs inherent in each approach, and why you may choose to use different approaches in different situations. You'll start by learning fundamental Ruby programming principles, such as correctly using core classes, class and method design, variable usage, error handling, and code formatting. Moving on, you'll learn higher-level programming principles, such as library design, use of metaprogramming and domain-specific languages, and refactoring. Finally, you'll learn principles specific to web application development, such as how to choose a database and web framework, and how to use advanced security features. By the end of this Ruby programming book, you'll have gained the skills you need to design robust, high-performance, scalable, and maintainable Ruby applications. While most code examples and principles discussed in the book apply to all Ruby versions, some examples and principles are specific to Ruby 3.0, the latest release at the time of publication.What you will learnUse Ruby's core classes and design custom classes effectivelyExplore the principles behind variable usage and method argument choiceImplement advanced error handling approaches such as exponential backoffDesign extensible libraries and plugin systems in RubyUse metaprogramming and DSLs to avoid code redundancyImplement different approaches to testing and understand their trade-offsDiscover design patterns, refactoring, and optimization with RubyExplore database design principles and advanced web app securityWho this book is forIf you already know how to program in Ruby and want to learn more about the principles and best practices behind writing maintainable, scalable, optimized, and well-structured Ruby code, then this Ruby book is for you. Intermediate to advanced-level working knowledge of the Ruby programming language is expected to get the most out of this book.
Political Advertising in the 2014 European Parliament Elections
by Christina Holtz-Bacha Edoardo Novelli Kevin RafterThis timely publication offers a fresh scholarly assessment of political advertising across the EU, as well as an insight into differing political and regulatory systems related to political advertising in the individual member states. With a detailed focus on the images and communication styles that characterised the 2014 European Parliament election campaign, this edited collection evaluates political advertising across the EU using empirical data to compare and contrast styles and approaches in different members. This work allows the authors to offer an important evaluation of the similarities and differences in the posters and broadcasts used to win public support in the 2014 campaign at the time of the great European recession and financial crisis, specifically looking at the place of posters and video commercials. This book will appeal to researchers and students of political communication, political science, history, European studies as well as candidates and campaign workers who want a more comprehensive understanding of the representation of Europe in political adverts at the 2014 elections.
Political Advertising in the United States
by Michael M. Franz Travis N. Ridout Erika Franklin FowlerPolitical Advertising in the United States examines the volume, distribution, content, and effects of political advertising in congressional and presidential elections. The book considers the role of television ads using extensive data on ad airings on local broadcast stations. It also analyzes newly available data on paid digital ads, including ads on Facebook, Instagram, Google, and YouTube. The book covers the role of outside groups in airing ads, including the rise of dark money groups and gaps in existing federal campaign finance laws around transparency of outside group spending. The authors consider how ad sponsors design and target ads. They also review the positive and negative implications of an electoral system where billions are spent on paid advertising. With detailed analysis of presidential and congressional campaign ads and discussion questions in each chapter, this accessibly written book is a must-read for students, scholars, and practitioners who want to understand the ins and outs of political advertising. New to the Second Edition • Covers the spending, content, and tone of political advertising in the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections and the 2018 midterms, looking ahead to 2022 and 2024. • Addresses the interference of foreign actors in elections and their connection to political advertising. • Expands the discussion of digital political advertising and incorporates this topic into every chapter. • Adds a new chapter specifically addressing digital ad content and spending. • Includes data from the Facebook, Google, and Snapchat ad libraries and explores the role of these companies in regulating the sale of political advertising. • Incorporates new data on the effects of race and gender in advertising, including what is known about the way in which advertising may activate prejudicial attitudes.
Political Advocacy and American Politics: Why People Fight So Often About Politics
by Sean Richey J. Benjamin TaylorPolitical Advocacy and American Politics provides a detailed explanation as to why citizens engage in interpersonal advocacy in the United States. Sean Richey and J. Benjamin Taylor eloquently show how the campaigns, social media, and personality and partisanship affect one's propensity for candidates, which often leads to arguments about politics. Using original qualitative, survey, and experimental studies, Richey and Taylor demonstrate the causes of political advocacy over time in the political environment and at the individual level. While some worry about the incivility in American politics, Richey and Taylor argue political talk, where conflict is common, is caused by high-activity democratic processes and normatively beneficial individual attributes. Furthermore, Richey and Taylor argue that advocacy—when conceptualized as a democratic "release valve"—is exactly the kind of conflict we might expect in a vibrant democracy. Political Advocacy and American Politics: Why People Fight So Often About Politics is ideal for university students and researchers, yet it is also accessible to any reader looking to learn more about the role campaigns and personal attributes play in the decision to advocate.
Political Analysis Using R
by James E. MonoganThis book provides a narrative of how R can be useful in the analysis of public administration, public policy, and political science data specifically, in addition to the social sciences more broadly. It can serve as a textbook and reference manual for students and independent researchers who wish to use R for the first time or broaden their skill set with the program. While the book uses data drawn from political science, public administration, and policy analyses, it is written so that students and researchers in other fields should find it accessible and useful as well. By the end of the first seven chapters, an entry-level user should be well acquainted with how to use R as a traditional econometric software program. The remaining four chapters will begin to introduce the user to advanced techniques that R offers but many other programs do not make available such as how to use contributed libraries or write programs in R. The book details how to perform nearly every task routinely associated with statistical modeling: descriptive statistics, basic inferences, estimating common models, and conducting regression diagnostics. For the intermediate or advanced reader, the book aims to open up the wide array of sophisticated methods options that R makes freely available. It illustrates how user-created libraries can be installed and used in real data analysis, focusing on a handful of libraries that have been particularly prominent in political science. The last two chapters illustrate how the user can conduct linear algebra in R and create simple programs. A key point in these chapters will be that such actions are substantially easier in R than in many other programs, so advanced techniques are more accessible in R, which will appeal to scholars and policy researchers who already conduct extensive data analysis. Additionally, the book should draw the attention of students and teachers of quantitative methods in the political disciplines.
Political Attitudes: Computational and Simulation Modeling
by Camelia F. VoineaPolitical Attitudes: Computational and Simulation Modeling Camelia Florela Voinea, Department of Political Science, International Relations and Security Studies, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania Political Science has traditionally employed empirical research and analytical resources to understand, explain and predict political phenomena. One of the long-standing criticisms against empirical modeling targets the static perspective provided by the model-invariant paradigm. In political science research, this issue has a particular relevance since political phenomena prove sophisticated degrees of context-dependency whose complexity could be hardly captured by traditional approaches. To cope with the complexity challenge, a new modeling paradigm was needed. This book is concerned with this challenge. Moreover, the book aims to reveal the power of computational modeling of political attitudes to reinforce the political methodology in facing two fundamental challenges: political culture modeling and polity modeling. The book argues that an artificial polity model as a powerful research instrument could hardly be effective without the political attitude and, by extension, the political culture computational and simulation modeling theory, experiments and practice. This book: Summarizes the state of the art in computational modeling of political attitudes, with illustrations and examples featured throughout. Explores the different approaches to computational modeling and how the complexity requirements of political science should determine the direction of research and evaluation methods. Addresses the newly emerging discipline of computational political science. Discusses modeling paradigms, agent-based modeling and simulation, and complexity-based modeling. Discusses model classes in the fundamental areas of voting behavior and decision-making, collective action, ideology and partisanship, emergence of social uprisings and civil conflict, international relations, allocation of public resources, polity and institutional function, operation, development and reform, political attitude formation and change in democratic societies. This book is ideal for students who need a conceptual and operational description of the political attitude computational modeling phases, goals and outcomes in order to understand how political attitudes could be computationally modeled and simulated. Researchers, Governmental and international policy experts will also benefit from this book.