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Reading Machines: Toward and Algorithmic Criticism (Topics in the Digital Humanities)
by Stephen RamsayBesides familiar and now-commonplace tasks that computers do all the time, what else are they capable of? Stephen Ramsay's intriguing study of computational text analysis examines how computers can be used as "reading machines" to open up entirely new possibilities for literary critics. Computer-based text analysis has been employed for the past several decades as a way of searching, collating, and indexing texts. Despite this, the digital revolution has not penetrated the core activity of literary studies: interpretive analysis of written texts. Computers can handle vast amounts of data, allowing for the comparison of texts in ways that were previously too overwhelming for individuals, but they may also assist in enhancing the entirely necessary role of subjectivity in critical interpretation. Reading Machines discusses the importance of this new form of text analysis conducted with the assistance of computers. Ramsay suggests that the rigidity of computation can be enlisted in the project of intuition, subjectivity, and play.
Reading the Comments
by Joseph M. ReagleOnline comment can be informative or misleading, entertaining or maddening. Haters and manipulators often seem to monopolize the conversation. Some comments are off-topic, or even topic-less. In this book, Joseph Reagle urges us to read the comments. Conversations "on the bottom half of the Internet," he argues, can tell us much about human nature and social behavior.Reagle visits communities of Amazon reviewers, fan fiction authors, online learners, scammers, freethinkers, and mean kids. He shows how comment can inform us (through reviews), improve us (through feedback), manipulate us (through fakery), alienate us (through hate), shape us (through social comparison), and perplex us. He finds pre-Internet historical antecedents of online comment in Michelin stars, professional criticism, and the wisdom of crowds. He discusses the techniques of online fakery (distinguishing makers, fakers, and takers), describes the emotional work of receiving and giving feedback, and examines the culture of trolls and haters, bullying, and misogyny. He considers the way comment -- a nonstop stream of social quantification and ranking -- affects our self-esteem and well-being. And he examines how comment is puzzling -- short and asynchronous, these messages can be slap-dash, confusing, amusing, revealing, and weird, shedding context in their passage through the Internet, prompting readers to comment in turn, "WTF?!?"
Reading the Comments: Likers, Haters, and Manipulators at the Bottom of the Web (The\mit Press Ser.)
by Joseph M. ReagleWhat we can learn about human nature from the informative, manipulative, confusing, and amusing messages at the bottom of the web.Online comment can be informative or misleading, entertaining or maddening. Haters and manipulators often seem to monopolize the conversation. Some comments are off-topic, or even topic-less. In this book, Joseph Reagle urges us to read the comments. Conversations “on the bottom half of the Internet,” he argues, can tell us much about human nature and social behavior.Reagle visits communities of Amazon reviewers, fan fiction authors, online learners, scammers, freethinkers, and mean kids. He shows how comment can inform us (through reviews), improve us (through feedback), manipulate us (through fakery), alienate us (through hate), shape us (through social comparison), and perplex us. He finds pre-Internet historical antecedents of online comment in Michelin stars, professional criticism, and the wisdom of crowds. He discusses the techniques of online fakery (distinguishing makers, fakers, and takers), describes the emotional work of receiving and giving feedback, and examines the culture of trolls and haters, bullying, and misogyny. He considers the way comment—a nonstop stream of social quantification and ranking—affects our self-esteem and well-being. And he examines how comment is puzzling—short and asynchronous, these messages can be slap-dash, confusing, amusing, revealing, and weird, shedding context in their passage through the Internet, prompting readers to comment in turn, “WTF?!?”
Reading the Web, Second Edition
by Maya B. Eagleton Elizabeth Dobler Donald J. LeuToday's students need to know how to locate, comprehend, evaluate, and use online information efficiently and effectively. This widely used teacher guide and course text provides a framework for maximizing students' critical, creative use of the Web in grades 3-8. Research-based strategies for instruction and assessment across the content areas are clearly explained and linked to the Common Core State Standards (CCSS). In a large-size format for easy photocopying, the book is packed with graphics, sidebars, lesson plans, and more than 90 reproducible handouts. Purchasers get access to a Web page where they can download and print the reproducible materials. New to This Edition *Incorporates state-of-the-art research and Web resources. *Chapter on major Web 3.0 developments, such as the rise of social media and mobile devices. *Connections to the CCSS are identified throughout. *Stronger focus on Universal Design for Learning and differentiated instruction. *Larger format facilitates photocopying of the updated reproducible tools.
Readings in CyberEthics
by Richard A. Spinello Herman T. TavaniThis book of readings is ideal for ethics instructors looking for up-to-date and provocative material in the evolving fields of computer and Internet ethics.
Readings in Database Systems (4th edition)
by Joseph M. Hellerstein Michael StonebrakerThis text provides both students and professionals with a grounding in database research and a technical context for understanding recent innovations in the field. The readings included treat the most important issues in the database area; the basic material for any DBMS professional.
Readings in Machine Translation
by Sergei Nirenburg Yorick Wilks Harold SomersThe field of machine translation (MT)--the automation of translation between human languages--has existed for more than fifty years. MT helped to usher in the field of computational linguistics and has influenced methods and applications in knowledge representation, information theory, and mathematical statistics. This valuable resource offers the most historically significant English-language articles on MT. The book is organized in three sections. The historical section contains articles from MT's beginnings through the late 1960s. The second section, on theoretical and methodological issues, covers sublanguage and controlled input, the role of humans in machine-aided translation, the impact of certain linguistic approaches, the transfer versus interlingua question, and the representation of meaning and knowledge. The third section, on system design, covers knowledge-based, statistical, and example-based approaches to multilevel analysis and representation, as well as computational issues.
README.txt: A Memoir
by Chelsea ManningAn intimate, revealing memoir from one of the most important activists of our time. In 2010, Chelsea Manning, working as an intelligence analyst in the United States Army in Iraq, disclosed classified military documents that she had smuggled out via the memory card of her digital camera. The army sentenced Manning to thirty-five years in military prison, charging her with twenty-two counts relating to the unauthorized possession and distribution of classified military documents. The day after her conviction, Manning declared her gender identity as a woman and began to transition. In 2017, President Barack Obama commuted her sentence and she was released from prison. In README.txt, Manning recounts how her pleas for increased institutional transparency and government accountability took place alongside a fight to defend her rights as a trans woman. She reveals her challenging childhood, her struggles as an adolescent, what led her to join the military, and the fierce pride she took in her work. We also learn the details of how and why she made the decision to send classified military documents to WikiLeaks. This powerful, observant memoir will stand as one of the definitive testaments of the digital age.
Ready
by Roberto DillonHow did the Commodore 64 conquer the hearts of millions and become a platform people still actively develop for even today? What made it so special? This book will appeal to both those who like tinkering with old technology as a hobby and nostalgic readers who simply want to enjoy a trip down memory lane. It discusses in a concise but rigorous format the different areas of home gaming and personal computing where the C64 managed to innovate and push forward existing boundaries. Starting from Jack Tramiel's vision of designing computers "for the masses, not the classes," the book introduces the 6510, VIC-II and SID chips that made the C64 unique. It briefly discusses its Basic programming language and then proceeds to illustrate not only many of the games that are still so fondly remembered but also the first generation of game engines that made game development more approachable − among other topics that are often neglected but are necessary to provide a comprehensive overview of how far reaching theC64 influence was. Written in a straightforward and accessible style, readers will relive the dawn of modern technology and gain a better understanding of the legacy that was built, bit by bit, in those pioneering days by computers that had only a tiny fraction of the power modern machines have and, yet, were used to create the technological world we are now living in. With a foreword by Michael Tomczyk
Ready Player Two: Women Gamers and Designed Identity
by Shira ChessCultural stereotypes to the contrary, approximately half of all video game players are now women. A subculture once dominated by men, video games have become a form of entertainment composed of gender binaries. Supported by games such as Diner Dash, Mystery Case Files, Wii Fit, and Kim Kardashian: Hollywood—which are all specifically marketed toward women—the gamer industry is now a major part of imagining what femininity should look like. In Ready Player Two, media critic Shira Chess uses the concept of “Player Two”—the industry idealization of the female gamer—to examine the assumptions implicit in video games designed for women and how they have impacted gaming culture and the larger society. With Player Two, the video game industry has designed specifically for the feminine ideal: she is white, middle class, heterosexual, cis-gendered, and abled. Drawing on categories from time management and caregiving to social networking, consumption, and bodies, Chess examines how games have been engineered to shape normative ideas about women and leisure.Ready Player Two presents important arguments about how gamers and game developers must change their thinking about both women and games to produce better games, better audiences, and better industry practices. Ultimately, this book offers vital prescriptions for how one of our most powerful entertainment industries must evolve its ideas of women.
Ready Player Two: A Novel
by Ernest ClineLa secuela de Ready Player One, el best seller mundial que Steven Spielberg adaptó al cine. «Esta historia trata sobre ti y sobre la influencia que han tenido los videojuegos en tu vida.»Trevor Noah Días después de ganar la competición ideada por James Halliday, el fundador de OASIS, Wade Watts hace un descubrimiento que lo cambia todo. Oculto en las cajas fuertes de Halliday y a la espera de que lo encuentre su heredero, se halla un avance tecnológico que volverá a cambiar el mundo y convertirá a OASIS en un lugar mil veces más asombroso (y adictivo) de lo que Wade jamás habría creído posible. Dicho avance da pie a un nuevo acertijo y a una nueva misión, un último Huevo de Pascua de Halliday que da a entender que existe un misterioso premio. Wade también se encontrará con un nuevo rival muy peligroso, increíblemente poderoso y capaz de matara millones de personas para conseguir lo que quiere. La vida de Wade y el futuro de OASIS vuelven a estar en juego, pero en esta ocasión también pende de un hilo el destino de la humanidad. Con una nostalgia y una originalidad que solo podrían salir de la mente de Ernest Cline, Ready Player Two nos adentra de nuevo en su querido universo virtual, embarcándonos en otra aventura imaginativa, divertida y llena de acción, y vuelve a impresionarnos con su apasionante representación del futuro. Sobre Ready Player One:«Un libro impresionante. Me pareció que estaba escrito para mí.»Patrick Rothfuss
Ready Reader One: The Stories We Tell With, About, and Around Videogames
by Megan Amber Condis and Mike SellReady Reader One explores the many ways literature depicts, engages with, and imagines videogames and gamers. The diverse group of authors included in this collection take an expansive view of “videogame literature,” with essays that consider written works ranging from life writing to speculative fiction to videogame guides created for the internet. In an age of ever-increasing gamification, in which gaming literacy is important to understanding popular culture and technological power, Ready Reader One examines the role of videogame literature in explaining not only how we play videogames, but how we read and write about them.
Ready Technology: Fast-Tracking New Business Technologies
by Stephen J. AndrioleCompanies understand that their ability to compete is tied directly to their ability to leverage the very latest technology advances. Fortunately, deploying new technology has never been easier, primarily due to early maturity and cloud delivery. One approach that is helping companies rapidly pilot and affordably deploy new technologies is ready te
Ready to Wear
by Chloe Taylor Nancy ZhangA tween fashion designer's blog garners A-list attention in this chic start to a new middle grade series.Over the summer, fashion-loving Zoey Webber gets the best news ever: Her middle school is getting rid of uniforms! There's just one problem. Zoey has sketchbooks full of fashion designs, but nothing to wear! So with a little help from her best friends Kate and Priti, she learns to make her own clothes. She even begins to post her fashion design sketches online in a blog. That's how the Sew Zoey blog begins, and soon it becomes much more. Zoey's quirky style makes her a bit of a misfit at middle school, but her Sew Zoey blog quickly gains a dedicated following. Real fashion designers start to read it! Yet even as her blog takes off, Zoey still has to deal with homework, crushes, and P.E. class. And when the principal asks her to design a dress for the school's fashion-show fund-raiser, Zoey can't wait to start sewing! But what will happen when her two worlds collide?
Ready to Wear
by Nancy Zhang Chloe TaylorA tween fashion designer's blog garners A-list attention in this chic start to a new middle grade series.Over the summer, fashion-loving Zoey Webber gets the best news ever: Her middle school is getting rid of uniforms! There's just one problem. Zoey has sketchbooks full of fashion designs, but nothing to wear! So with a little help from her best friends Kate and Priti, she learns to make her own clothes. She even begins to post her fashion design sketches online in a blog. That's how the Sew Zoey blog begins, and soon it becomes much more. Zoey's quirky style makes her a bit of a misfit at middle school, but her Sew Zoey blog quickly gains a dedicated following. Real fashion designers start to read it! Yet even as her blog takes off, Zoey still has to deal with homework, crushes, and P.E. class. And when the principal asks her to design a dress for the school's fashion-show fund-raiser, Zoey can't wait to start sewing! But what will happen when her two worlds collide?
The Real Business of Web Design
by John WatersWritten by a veteran Web designer, The Real Business of Web Design goes beyond the usual philosophy of simply creating a better customer experience online. Instead, it provides an array of visual design practices and tested business principles for clarifying and simplifying the Web development process and making a Website more customer friendly. Filled with anecdotes from the author’s own experiences in the web design trenches, this guide shows readers how to use the Web in crucial ways to streamline communications, speed up transactions, boost profits, and much more. Anyone who wants to use the Internet as a valuable business tool should not be without this visionary resource! Author is a well-known and highly respected designer Combines visual design insights and proven business practices at a reasonable priceAllworth Press, an imprint of Skyhorse Publishing, publishes a broad range of books on the visual and performing arts, with emphasis on the business of art. Our titles cover subjects such as graphic design, theater, branding, fine art, photography, interior design, writing, acting, film, how to start careers, business and legal forms, business practices, and more. While we don't aspire to publish a New York Times bestseller or a national bestseller, we are deeply committed to quality books that help creative professionals succeed and thrive. We often publish in areas overlooked by other publishers and welcome the author whose expertise can help our audience of readers.
Real Computing Made Real: Preventing Errors in Scientific and Engineering Calculations
by Forman S. ActonEngineers and scientists who want to avoid insidious errors in their computer-assisted calculations will welcome this concise guide to trouble-shooting. Real Computing Made Real offers practical advice on detecting and removing bugs. It also outlines techniques for preserving significant figures, avoiding extraneous solutions, and finding efficient iterative processes for solving nonlinear equations.Those who compute with real numbers (for example, floating-point numbers stored with limited precision) tend to develop techniques that increase the frequency of useful answers. But although there might be ample guidance for those addressing linear problems, little help awaits those negotiating the nonlinear world. This book, geared toward upper-level undergraduates and graduate students, helps rectify that imbalance. Its examples and exercises (with answers) help readers develop problem-formulating skills and assist them in avoiding the common pitfalls that software packages seldom detect. Some experience with standard numerical methods is assumed, but beginners will find this volume a highly practical introduction, particularly in its treatment of often-overlooked topics.
The "Real Easy" Ear Training Book
by Roberta Radley Sher MusicAll great musicians have one thing in common---to a great extent they know what the harmony of a song is as they hear it. Do you? If not, here is a practical guide to get you up to speed. Written by Berklee professor Roberta Radley, it uses contemporary music to help you see how ear training is invaluable for your own musical needs.
Real Estate Analysis in the Information Age: Techniques for Big Data and Statistical Modeling
by Kimberly Winson-Geideman Andy Krause Clifford A. Lipscomb Nick EvangelopoulosThe creation, accumulation, and use of copious amounts of data are driving rapid change across a wide variety of industries and academic disciplines. This ‘Big Data’ phenomenon is the result of recent developments in computational technology and improved data gathering techniques that have led to substantial innovation in the collection, storage, management, and analysis of data. Real Estate Analysis in the Information Age: Techniques for Big Data and Statistical Modeling focuses on the real estate discipline, guiding researchers and practitioners alike on the use of data-centric methods and analysis from applied and theoretical perspectives. In it, the authors detail the integration of Big Data into conventional real estate research and analysis. The book is process-oriented, not only describing Big Data and associated methods, but also showing the reader how to use these methods through case studies supported by supplemental online material. The running theme is the construction of efficient, transparent, and reproducible research through the systematic organization and application of data, both traditional and 'big'. The final chapters investigate legal issues, particularly related to those data that are publicly available, and conclude by speculating on the future of Big Data in real estate.
Real Estate Crowdfunding: An Insider’s Guide to Investing Online
by Adam GowerReal Estate Crowdfunding: An Insider’s Guide to Investing Online introduces the reader to basic real estate investment concepts and then takes a deep dive into how to invest passively yet wisely in real estate syndications. This book will teach the reader how to: • invest in crowdfunded real estate syndicates • understand key financial concepts used in the industry • diversify their investment portfolios • read between the lines of investment contracts • maximize profit while minimizing losses This book is a guide to the foundational financial concepts upon which all real estate projects are based and explains the language of real estate from an insider’s perspective. It provides a road map of what to watch for and how to win at the game of passive real estate investing.
Real Estate Market of Ukraine: Practical Aspects and Trends (SpringerBriefs in Geography)
by Sergiy Kobzan Olena PomortsevaThis book shows examples of basic approaches in real estate market analysis. Of value is the method of modeling the most attractive location of real estate, which is illustrated by a specific example. The authors give examples of real estate market research using GIS. The book analyzes the trends and prospects of real estate market development both in the pre-war and in the post-war period in Ukraine. It provides factors, trends, and development of the real estate market-directed investments. This book is useful to investors, real estate appraisers, real estate market researchers, GIS specialists, developers, researchers, graduate students, and students.
Real Games: What's Legitimate and What's Not in Contemporary Videogames (Playful Thinking)
by Mia Consalvo Christopher A. PaulHow we talk about games as real or not-real, and how that shapes what games are made and who is invited to play them.In videogame criticism, the worst insult might be “That's not a real game!” For example, “That's not a real game, it's on Facebook!” and “That's not a real game, it's a walking simulator!” But how do people judge what is a real game and what is not—what features establish a game's gameness? In this engaging book, Mia Consalvo and Christopher Paul examine the debates about the realness or not-realness of videogames and find that these discussions shape what games get made and who is invited to play them.Consalvo and Paul look at three main areas often viewed as determining a game's legitimacy: the game's pedigree (its developer), the content of the game itself, and the game's payment structure. They find, among other things, that even developers with a track record are viewed with suspicion if their games are on suspect platforms. They investigate game elements that are potentially troublesome for a game's gameness, including genres, visual aesthetics, platform, and perceived difficulty. And they explore payment models, particularly free-to-play—held by some to be a marker of illegitimacy. Finally, they examine the debate around such so-called walking simulators as Dear Esther and Gone Home. And finally, they consider what purpose is served by labeling certain games “real."
The Real Internet Architecture: Past, Present, and Future Evolution
by Pamela Zave Jennifer RexfordA new way to understand the architecture of today&’s Internet, based on an innovative general model of network architecture that is rigorous, realistic, and modularThis book meets the long-standing need for an explanation of how the Internet's architecture has evolved since its creation to support an ever-broader range of the world's communication needs. The authors introduce a new model of network architecture that exploits a powerful form of modularity to provide lucid, insightful descriptions of complex structures, functions, and behaviors in today&’s Internet. Countering the idea that the Internet&’s architecture is &“ossified&” or rigid, this model—which is presented through hundreds of examples rather than mathematical notation—encompasses the Internet&’s original or &“classic&” architecture, its current architecture, and its possible future architectures.For practitioners, the book offers a precise and realistic approach to comparing design alternatives and guiding the ongoing evolution of their applications, technologies, and security practices. For educators and students, the book presents patterns that recur in many variations and in many places in the Internet ecosystem. Each pattern tells a compelling story, with a common problem to be solved and a range of solutions for solving it. For researchers, the book suggests many directions for future research that exploit modularity to simplify, optimize, and verify network implementations without loss of functionality or flexibility.
Real Life Applications of Soft Computing
by null Anupam Shukla null Ritu Tiwari null Rahul KalaRapid advancements in the application of soft computing tools and techniques have proven valuable in the development of highly scalable systems and resulted in brilliant applications, including those in biometric identification, interactive voice response systems, and data mining. Although many resources on the subject adequately cover the theoreti
Real-Life Decision-Making
by Mats Danielson Love EkenbergHave you ever experienced a decision situation that was hard to come to grips with? Did you ever feel a need to improve your decision-making skills? Is this something where you feel that you have not learned enough practical and useful methods? In that case, you are not alone! Even though decision-making is both considered and actually is a very important skill in modern work-life as well as in private life, these skills are not to any reasonable extent taught in schools at any level. No wonder many people do indeed feel the need to improve but have a hard time finding out how. This book is an attempt to remedy this shortcoming of our educational systems and possibly also of our common, partly intuition-based, decision culture. Intuition is not at all bad, quite the contrary, but it has to co-exist with rationality. We will show you how.Methods for decision-making should be of prime concern to any individual or organisation, even if the decision processes are not always explicitly or even consciously formulated. All kinds of organisations, as well as individuals, must continuously make decisions of the most varied nature in order to prosper and attain their objectives. A large part of the time spent in any organisation, not least at management levels, is spent gathering, processing, and compiling information for the purpose of making decisions supported by that information. The same interest has hitherto not been shown for individual decision-making, even though large gains would also be obtained at a personal level if important personal decisions were better deliberated. This book aims at changing that and thus attends to both categories of decision-makers.This book will take you through a journey starting with some history of decision-making and analysis and then go through easy-to-learn ways of structuring decision information and methods for analysing the decision situations, beginning with simple decision situations and then moving on to progressively harder ones, but never losing sight of the overarching goal that the reader should be able to follow the progression and being able to carry out similar decision analyses in real-life situations.The Open Access version of this book, available at www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license.