- Table View
- List View
Speech and Computer
by Andrey Ronzhin Rodmonga Potapova Nikos FakotakisThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Speech and Computer, SPECOM 2015, held in Athens, Greece, in September 2015. The 59 revised full papers presented together with 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 104 initial submissions. The papers cover a wide range of topics in the area of computer speech processing such as recognition, synthesis, and understanding and related domains including signal processing, language and text processing, multi-modal speech processing or human-computer interaction.
Speech and Computer
by Andrey Ronzhin Rodmonga Potapova Géza NémethThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 16th International Conference on Speech and Computer, SPECOM 2014, held in Novi Sad, Serbia. The 56 revised full papers presented together with 3 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from 100 initial submissions. It is a conference with long tradition that attracts researchers in the area of computer speech processing (recognition, synthesis, understanding etc. ) and related domains (including signal processing, language and text processing, multi-modal speech processing or human-computer interaction for instance).
Speech and Computer: 24th International Conference, SPECOM 2022, Gurugram, India, November 14–16, 2022, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13721)
by S. R. Mahadeva Prasanna Alexey Karpov K. Samudravijaya Shyam S. AgrawalThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Speech and Computer, SPECOM 2022, held as a hybrid event in Gurugram, India, in November 2022.The 51 full and 9 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 99 submissions. The papers present current research in the area of computer speech processing including audio signal processing, automatic speech recognition, speaker recognition, computational paralinguistics, speech synthesis, sign language and multimodal processing, and speech and language resources.
Speech and Computer: 21st International Conference, SPECOM 2019, Istanbul, Turkey, August 20–25, 2019, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11658)
by Albert Ali Salah Alexey Karpov Rodmonga PotapovaThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Speech and Computer, SPECOM 2019, held in Istanbul, Turkey, in August 2019.The 57 papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 86 submissions. The papers present current research in the area of computer speech processing including audio signal processing, automatic speech recognition, speaker recognition, computational paralinguistics, speech synthesis, sign language and multimodal processing, and speech and language resources.
Speech and Language Processing for Human-Machine Communications
by S. S. Agrawal Amita Devi Ritika Wason Poonam BansalThis volume comprises the select proceedings of the annual convention of the Computer Society of India. Divided into 10 topical volumes, the proceedings present papers on state-of-the-art research, surveys, and succinct reviews. The volumes cover diverse topics ranging from communications networks to big data analytics, and from system architecture to cyber security. This volume focuses on Speech and Language Processing for Human-Machine Communications. The contents of this book will be useful to researchers and students alike.
Speech and Language Technologies for Low-Resource Languages: Second International Conference, SPELLL 2023, Perundurai, Erode, India, December 6–8, 2023, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science #2046)
by Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi Bharathi B Miguel Ángel García Cumbreras Salud María Jiménez Zafra Malliga Subramanian Kogilavani Shanmugavadivel Preslav NakovThis book constitutes the refereed conference proceedings of the second International Conference on Speech and Language Technologies for Low-Resource Languages, SPELLL 2023, held in Perundurai, Erode, India, during December 6–8, 2023. The 27 full papers and 6 short papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 94 submissions. The papers are divided into the following topical sections: language resources; language technologies; speech technologies; and workshops - regional fake, MMLOW, LC4.
Speech and Language Technologies for Low-Resource Languages: First International Conference, SPELLL 2022, Kalavakkam, India, November 23–25, 2022, Proceedings (Communications in Computer and Information Science #1802)
by Anand Kumar M Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi Bharathi B Colm O’Riordan Hema Murthy Thenmozhi Durairaj Thomas MandlThis book constitutes refereed proceedings from the First International Conference on Speech and Language Technologies for Low-resource Languages, SPELLL 2022, held in Kalavakkam, India, in November 2022. The 25 presented papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 70 submissions. The papers are organised in the following topical sections: language resources; language technologies; speech technologies; multimodal data analysis; fake news detection in low-resource languages (regional-fake); low resource cross-domain, cross-lingualand cross-modal offensie content analysis (LC4).
Speech Coding
by Tom BäckströmThis book provides scientific understanding of the most central techniques used in speech coding both for advanced students as well as professionals with a background in speech audio and or digital signal processing. It provides a clear connection between the Why’s?, How’s?, and What’s, such that the necessity, purpose and solutions provided by tools should be always within sight, as well as their strengths and weaknesses in each respect. Equivalently, this book sheds light on the following perspectives for each technology presented: Objective: What do we want to achieve and especially why is this goal important? Resource / Information: What information is available and how can it be useful? Resource / Platform: What kind of platforms are we working with and what are the capabilities/restrictions of those platforms? This includes properties such as computational, memory, acoustic and transmission capacity of devices used. Solutions: Which solutions have been proposed and how can they be used to reach the stated goals? Strengths and weaknesses: In which ways do the solutions fulfill the objectives and where are they insufficient? Are resources used efficiently? This book concentrates solely on code excited linear prediction and its derivatives since mainstream speech codecs are based on linear prediction It also concentrates exclusively on time domain techniques because frequency domain tools are to a large extent common with audio codecs.
SPEECH ENHANCEMENT: Theory And Practice
by Philipos C. LoizouWith the proliferation of mobile devices and hearing devices, including hearing aids and cochlear implants, there is a growing and pressing need to design algorithms that can improve speech intelligibility without sacrificing quality. Responding to this need, Speech Enhancement: Theory and Practice, Second Edition introduces readers to the basic problems of speech enhancement and the various algorithms proposed to solve these problems. Updated and expanded, this second edition of the bestselling textbook broadens its scope to include evaluation measures and enhancement algorithms aimed at improving speech intelligibility. Fundamentals, Algorithms, Evaluation, and Future Steps Organized into four parts, the book begins with a review of the fundamentals needed to understand and design better speech enhancement algorithms. The second part describes all the major enhancement algorithms and, because these require an estimate of the noise spectrum, also covers noise estimation algorithms. The third part of the book looks at the measures used to assess the performance, in terms of speech quality and intelligibility, of speech enhancement methods. It also evaluates and compares several of the algorithms. The fourth part presents binary mask algorithms for improving speech intelligibility under ideal conditions. In addition, it suggests steps that can be taken to realize the full potential of these algorithms under realistic conditions.
Speech Enhancement in the STFT Domain
by Emanuël A.P. Habets Jingdong Chen Jacob BenestyThis work addresses this problem in the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) domain. We divide the general problem into five basic categories depending on the number of microphones being used and whether the interframe or interband correlation is considered. The first category deals with the single-channel problem where STFT coefficients at different frames and frequency bands are assumed to be independent. In this case, the noise reduction filter in each frequency band is basically a real gain. Since a gain does not improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for any given subband and frame, the noise reduction is basically achieved by liftering the subbands and frames that are less noisy while weighing down on those that are more noisy. The second category also concerns the single-channel problem. The difference is that now the interframe correlation is taken into account and a filter is applied in each subband instead of just a gain. The advantage of using the interframe correlation is that we can improve not only the long-time fullband SNR, but the frame-wise subband SNR as well. The third and fourth classes discuss the problem of multichannel noise reduction in the STFT domain with and without interframe correlation, respectively. In the last category, we consider the interband correlation in the design of the noise reduction filters. We illustrate the basic principle for the single-channel case as an example, while this concept can be generalized to other scenarios. In all categories, we propose different optimization cost functions from which we derive the optimal filters and we also define the performance measures that help analyzing them.
Speech Enhancement Techniques for Digital Hearing Aids
by Komal R. Borisagar Rohit M. Thanki Bhavin S. SedaniThis book provides various speech enhancement algorithms for digital hearing aids. It covers information on noise signals extracted from silences of speech signal. The description of the algorithm used for this purpose is also provided. Different types of adaptive filters such as Least Mean Squares (LMS), Normalized LMS (NLMS) and Recursive Lease Squares (RLS) are described for noise reduction in the speech signals. Different types of noises are taken to generate noisy speech signals, and therefore information on various noises signals is provided. The comparative performance of various adaptive filters for noise reduction in speech signals is also described. In addition, the book provides a speech enhancement technique using adaptive filtering and necessary frequency strength enhancement using wavelet transform as per the requirement of audiogram for digital hearing aids.Presents speech enhancement techniques for improving performance of digital hearing aids;Covers various types of adaptive filters and their advantages and limitations;Provides a hybrid speech enhancement technique using wavelet transform and adaptive filters.
Speech Etiquette in Slavic Online Communities
by Lilia DuskaevaThis edited book focuses on speech etiquette, examining the rules that govern communication in various online communities: professional, female, and ethnospecific. The contributors analyze online communication in the Slavic languages Russian, Slovak, Polish, and Belarusian, showing how the concept of speech etiquette differs from the concept of politeness, although both reflect the relationship between people in interaction. Online communities are united on the basis of common informative or phatic illocutions among their participants, and their speech etiquette is manifested in stable forms of conducting discussions – stimulating and responding. Each group has its own ideas of unacceptable speech behavior and approaches to sanitation, and the rules of speech etiquette in each group determine the degree of rapport and distancing between the participants in discourse. The chapters in this book explore how rapport and distance are established through acts such as showing attention to the addressee and increasing his or her communicative status; reducing or increasing the illocutionary power of evaluations and motivations; and evaluating one’s own or someone else’s speech. The volume will be of interest to researchers studying online communication in such diverse fields as linguistics, sociology, anthropology, programming, and media studies.
Speech Processing and Soft Computing (SpringerBriefs in Speech Technology)
by Sid-Ahmed SelouaniSpeech Processing and Soft Computing includes coverage of synergy between speech technology and bio-inspired soft computing methods. Through practical cases, the author explores, dissects and examines how soft computing may complement conventional techniques in speech enhancement and speech recognition in order to provide robust systems. The material is especially useful to graduate students and experienced researchers who are interested in expanding their horizons and investigating new research directions through review of the theoretical and practical settings of soft computing methods in very recent speech applications.
Speech Processing in Embedded Systems
by Priyabrata SinhaSpeech Processing has rapidly emerged as one of the most widespread and well-understood application areas in the broader discipline of Digital Signal Processing. Besides the telecommunications applications that have hitherto been the largest users of speech processing algorithms, several non-traditional embedded processor applications are enhancing their functionality and user interfaces by utilizing various aspects of speech processing. "Speech Processing in Embedded Systems" describes several areas of speech processing, and the various algorithms and industry standards that address each of these areas. The topics covered include different types of Speech Compression, Echo Cancellation, Noise Suppression, Speech Recognition and Speech Synthesis. In addition this book explores various issues and considerations related to efficient implementation of these algorithms on real-time embedded systems, including the role played by processor CPU and peripheral functionality.
Speech Processing in Mobile Environments
by K. Sreenivasa Rao Anil Kumar VuppalaThis book focuses on speech processing in the presence of low-bit rate coding and varying background environments. The methods presented in the book exploit the speech events which are robust in noisy environments. Accurate estimation of these crucial events will be useful for carrying out various speech tasks such as speech recognition, speaker recognition and speech rate modification in mobile environments. The authors provide insights into designing and developing robust methods to process the speech in mobile environments. Covering temporal and spectral enhancement methods to minimize the effect of noise and examining methods and models on speech and speaker recognition applications in mobile environments.
Speech Recognition Using Articulatory and Excitation Source Features
by K. Sreenivasa Rao Manjunath K EThis book discusses the contribution of articulatory and excitation source information in discriminating sound units. The authors focus on excitation source component of speech -- and the dynamics of various articulators during speech production -- for enhancement of speech recognition (SR) performance. Speech recognition is analyzed for read, extempore, and conversation modes of speech. Five groups of articulatory features (AFs) are explored for speech recognition, in addition to conventional spectral features. Each chapter provides the motivation for exploring the specific feature for SR task, discusses the methods to extract those features, and finally suggests appropriate models to capture the sound unit specific knowledge from the proposed features. The authors close by discussing various combinations of spectral, articulatory and source features, and the desired models to enhance the performance of SR systems.
Speech Spectrum Analysis
by Sean A. FulopThe accurate determination of the speech spectrum, particularly for short frames, is commonly pursued in diverse areas including speech processing, recognition, and acoustic phonetics. With this book the author makes the subject of spectrum analysis understandable to a wide audience, including those with a solid background in general signal processing and those without such background. In keeping with these goals, this is not a book that replaces or attempts to cover the material found in a general signal processing textbook. Some essential signal processing concepts are presented in the first chapter, but even there the concepts are presented in a generally understandable fashion as far as is possible. Throughout the book, the focus is on applications to speech analysis; mathematical theory is provided for completeness, but these developments are set off in boxes for the benefit of those readers with sufficient background. Other readers may proceed through the main text, where the key results and applications will be presented in general heuristic terms, and illustrated with software routines and practical "show-and-tell" discussions of the results. At some points, the book refers to and uses the implementations in the Praat speech analysis software package, which has the advantages that it is used by many scientists around the world, and it is free and open source software. At other points, special software routines have been developed and made available to complement the book, and these are provided in the Matlab programming language. If the reader has the basic Matlab package, he/she will be able to immediately implement the programs in that platform---no extra "toolboxes" are required.
Speech Technology: Theory and Applications (Wiley Series In Agent Technology Ser. #11)
by Kristiina Jokinen Fang ChenThis book gives an overview of the research and application of speech technologies in different areas. One of the special characteristics of the book is that the authors take a broad view of the multiple research areas and take the multidisciplinary approach to the topics. One of the goals in this book is to emphasize the application. User experience, human factors and usability issues are the focus in this book.
Speech-to-Speech Translation (SpringerBriefs in Computer Science)
by Yutaka Kidawara Eiichiro Sumita Hisashi KawaiThis book provides the readers with retrospective and prospective views with detailed explanations of component technologies, speech recognition, language translation and speech synthesis.Speech-to-speech translation system (S2S) enables to break language barriers, i.e., communicate each other between any pair of person on the glove, which is one of extreme dreams of humankind.People, society, and economy connected by S2S will demonstrate explosive growth without exception.In 1986, Japan initiated basic research of S2S, then the idea spread world-wide and were explored deeply by researchers during three decades.Now, we see S2S application on smartphone/tablet around the world.Computational resources such as processors, memories, wireless communication accelerate this computation-intensive systems and accumulation of digital data of speech and language encourage recent approaches based on machine learning.Through field experiments after long research in laboratories, S2S systems are being well-developed and now ready to utilized in daily life.Unique chapter of this book is end-2-end evaluation by comparing system’s performance and human competence. The effectiveness of the system would be understood by the score of this evaluation.The book will end with one of the next focus of S2S will be technology of simultaneous interpretation for lecture, broadcast news and so on.
Speed, Data, and Ecosystems: Excelling in a Software-Driven World (Chapman & Hall/CRC Innovations in Software Engineering and Software Development Series)
by Jan BoschAs software R&D investment increases, the benefits from short feedback cycles using technologies such as continuous deployment, experimentation-based development, and multidisciplinary teams require a fundamentally different strategy and process. This book will cover the three overall challenges that companies are grappling with: speed, data and ecosystems. Speed deals with shortening the cycle time in R&D. Data deals with increasing the use of and benefit from the massive amounts of data that companies collect. Ecosystems address the transition of companies from being internally focused to being ecosystem oriented by analyzing what the company is uniquely good at and where it adds value.
Speed Metrics Guide: Choosing the Right Metrics to Use When Evaluating Websites
by Matthew EdgarFaster websites offer a better user experience and typically have higher conversion rates. It can be challenging to know where to invest to meaningfully improve a website's speed. Investing correctly to improve speed starts with understanding how to correctly measure speed and knowing how to use those measurements to identify the biggest opportunities. Speed Metrics Guide helps marketers, SEOs, business leaders, designers, and everybody else involved in website performance select the right metrics to use to optimize their website's speed. Each chapter examines a specific metric, discusses what it measures, why the metric matters and what tactics will help improve that metric. What You'll LearnThe best metrics and tools to help you measure website speed, including Google's Core Web VitalsHow and when to best use each metricWhere each metric fits within the website loading processHow to use each metric to find different ways of improving website speed Who This book Is ForNon-technical audience, including marketers, SEOs, designers, and UX professionals.
Speed Up Your Python with Rust: Optimize Python performance by creating Python pip modules in Rust with PyO3
by Maxwell FlittonDiscover how to inject your code with highly performant Rust features to develop fast and memory-safe applicationsKey FeaturesLearn to implement Rust in a Python system without altering the entire systemWrite safe and efficient Rust code as a Python developer by understanding the essential features of RustBuild Python extensions in Rust by using Python NumPy modules in your Rust codeBook DescriptionPython has made software development easier, but it falls short in several areas including memory management that lead to poor performance and security. Rust, on the other hand, provides memory safety without using a garbage collector, which means that with its low memory footprint, you can build high-performant and secure apps relatively easily. However, rewriting everything in Rust can be expensive and risky as there might not be package support in Rust for the problem being solved. This is where Python bindings and pip come in.This book will help you, as a Python developer, to start using Rust in your Python projects without having to manage a separate Rust server or application. Seeing as you'll already understand concepts like functions and loops, this book covers the quirks of Rust such as memory management to code Rust in a productive and structured manner. You'll explore the PyO3 crate to fuse Rust code with Python, learn how to package your fused Rust code in a pip package, and then deploy a Python Flask application in Docker that uses a private Rust pip module. Finally, you'll get to grips with advanced Rust binding topics such as inspecting Python objects and modules in Rust.By the end of this Rust book, you'll be able to develop safe and high-performant applications with better concurrency support.What you will learnExplore the quirks of the Rust programming language that a Python developer needs to understand to code in RustUnderstand the trade-offs for multiprocessing and thread safety to write concurrent codeBuild and manage a software project with cargo and cratesFuse Rust code with Python so that Python can import and run Rust codeDeploy a Python Flask application in Docker that utilizes a private Rust pip moduleInspect and create your own Python objects in RustWho this book is forThis book is for Python developers who want to speed up their Python code with Rust and implement Rust in a Python system without altering the entire system. You'll be able to learn about all topics relating to Rust programming. Basic knowledge of Python is required to get the most out of this book.
Speeding-Up Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuit Sizing with Neural Networks (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by João L. Domingues Pedro J. Vaz António P. Gusmão Nuno C. Horta Nuno C. Lourenço Ricardo M. MartinsIn this book, innovative research using artificial neural networks (ANNs) is conducted to automate the sizing task of RF IC design, which is used in two different steps of the automatic design process. The advances in telecommunications, such as the 5th generation broadband or 5G for short, open doors to advances in areas such as health care, education, resource management, transportation, agriculture and many other areas. Consequently, there is high pressure in today’s market for significant communication rates, extensive bandwidths and ultralow-power consumption. This is where radiofrequency (RF) integrated circuits (ICs) come in hand, playing a crucial role. This demand stresses out the problem which resides in the remarkable difficulty of RF IC design in deep nanometric integration technologies due to their high complexity and stringent performances. Given the economic pressure for high quality yet cheap electronics and challenging time-to-market constraints, there is an urgent need for electronic design automation (EDA) tools to increase the RF designers’ productivity and improve the quality of resulting ICs. In the last years, the automatic sizing of RF IC blocks in deep nanometer technologies has moved toward process, voltage and temperature (PVT)-inclusive optimizations to ensure their robustness. Each sizing solution is exhaustively simulated in a set of PVT corners, thus pushing modern workstations’ capabilities to their limits. Standard ANNs applications usually exploit the model’s capability of describing a complex, harder to describe, relation between input and target data. For that purpose, ANNs are a mechanism to bypass the process of describing the complex underlying relations between data by feeding it a significant number of previously acquired input/output data pairs that the model attempts to copy. Here, and firstly, the ANNs disrupt from the most recent trials of replacing the simulator in the simulation-based sizing with a machine/deep learning model, by proposing two different ANNs, the first classifies the convergence of the circuit for nominal and PVT corners, and the second predicts the oscillating frequencies for each case. The convergence classifier (CCANN) and frequency guess predictor (FGPANN) are seamlessly integrated into the simulation-based sizing loop, accelerating the overall optimization process. Secondly, a PVT regressor that inputs the circuit’s sizing and the nominal performances to estimate the PVT corner performances via multiple parallel artificial neural networks is proposed. Two control phases prevent the optimization process from being misled by inaccurate performance estimates. As such, this book details the optimal description of the input/output data relation that should be fulfilled. The developed description is mainly reflected in two of the system’s characteristics, the shape of the input data and its incorporation in the sizing optimization loop. An optimal description of these components should be such that the model should produce output data that fulfills the desired relation for the given training data once fully trained. Additionally, the model should be capable of efficiently generalizing the acquired knowledge in newer examples, i.e., never-seen input circuit topologies.
The Speedlight Studio
by Michael MowbrayIn this book, Michael Mowbray shows readers how to set up a completely speedlight-based portrait photography studio. He goes in depth regarding gear and techniques, providing photographers with scores of example portraits and lighting diagrams to make it easy to follow along and replicate the portrait lighting effects that he shows. Readers will learn about selecting speedlights (Mowbray covers Canon, Nikon, and third-party units), learning standard operations, and working with the units on the camera’s hot shoe (a connectivity device on top of the camera) or in the periphery for more flexible, controllable results. Readers will learn why modifying the light from speedlights will produce a lot more bang for their buck and will also discover a host of tools-commercial and DIY-that can be used to change the direction, color, and quality of light for the ultimate artistic control.
The Speedlight Studio
by Michael MowbrayIn this book, Michael Mowbray shows readers how to set up a completely speedlight-based portrait photography studio. He goes in depth regarding gear and techniques, providing photographers with scores of example portraits and lighting diagrams to make it easy to follow along and replicate the portrait lighting effects that he shows. Readers will learn about selecting speedlights (Mowbray covers Canon, Nikon, and third-party units), learning standard operations, and working with the units on the camera's hot shoe (a connectivity device on top of the camera) or in the periphery for more flexible, controllable results. Readers will learn why modifying the light from speedlights will produce a lot more bang for their buck and will also discover a host of tools-commercial and DIY-that can be used to change the direction, color, and quality of light for the ultimate artistic control.