- Table View
- List View
VMware vRealize Orchestrator Cookbook
by Daniel LangenhanIf you are a VMware administrator who is interested in automating your infrastructure, this book is for you. An understanding of basic programming concepts is advised. No previous knowledge of Orchestrator is required, although some previous knowledge of it will allow you to get started more easily.
VMware vRealize Orchestrator Cookbook - Second Edition
by Daniel LangenhanOver 90 recipes to satisfy all your automation needs and leverage vRealize Orchestrator 7.1 for your projects About This Book * Unleash the power of VMware vRealize Orchestrator 7 and automate your VMware infrastructure * Customize and tune your orchestrator by programming and working with plugins * Work through enticing recipes that can be implemented in your organization * Explore the new and upcoming plugins of Puppet, Docker, Chef, and VMware Replication for VMware vRealize Orchestrator Who This Book Is For This book is for system administrators who are into VMware administration and are looking to automate their infrastructure. Basic knowledge about programming is needed. No previous knowledge of Orchestrator is required. This book will also be good for you if you have just a basic knowledge with vRealize Orchestrator, as you can pick up any recipe and implement it for your enterprise. What You Will Learn * Install, configure, and optimize Orchestrator installations (Windows, Appliance, and vRA integrated) * Explore all the visual programming elements without needing additional infrastructure * Work with plugins such as SSH, mail, SQL, PowerShell, AD, SOAP, SNMP, AMQP, and REST * Discover how to create VMware automation * Get to know about user management, import/export, and synchronization as well as the packaging application * Understand policies, resources, and web views * Troubleshoot vRO Appliance In Detail VMware vRealize Orchestrator is a powerful automation tool designed for system administrators and IT operations staff who are planning to streamline their tasks and are waiting to integrate the functions with third-party operations software. This book is an update to VMware vRealize Orchestrator Cookbook and is blend of numerous recipes on vRealize Orchestrator 7. This book starts with installing and configuring vRealize Orchestrator. We will demonstrate how to upgrade from previous versions to vRealize Orchestrator 7. You will be taught all about orchestrator plugins and how to use and develop various plugins that have been enhanced in Orchestrator 7. Throughout this book, you will explore the new features of Orchestrator 7, such as the introduction of the control center, along with its uses. You will also come to understand visual programming, how to integrate base plugins into workflows, and how to automate VMware. You will also get to know how to troubleshoot vRealize Orchestrator. By the end of this book, you will be able to get the most out of your Orchestrator installation, and will be able to develop complex workflows and create your own highly integrated automations of vRealize environments. Style and approach This practical guide provides exciting and practical recipes on VMware vRealize Orchestrator 7 for those who are waiting to automate their infrastructure.
VMware vRealize Orchestrator Essentials
by Daniel LangenhanGet hands-on experience with vRealize Orchestrator and automate your VMware environment About This Book * Gain an in-depth understanding of vRO in the VMware infrastructure * Create your own advanced vRO scripts using JavaScript * A step-by-step tutorial to manage and create workflows with vRO Who This Book Is For This book is for VMware vSphere administrators who have minimal experience with automation tools and want to learn how to effectively automate their environment with VMware vRealize Orchestrator. A basic understanding of the VMware vSphere terms and concepts would be helpful. What You Will Learn * Familiarize yourself with the Orchestrator architecture and Explore how plugins can expand Orchestrator's capabilitiesExplore how plug-ins can expand Orchestrator's capabilities * Deploy and configure the vRealize Orchestrator appliance * Schedule and run workflows using the vSphere Web Client * Create your own workflows with minimal work * Use workflow presentations to improve your automation projects * Integrate JavaScript to enhance your workflows * Debug your workflows for errors and fix them * Learn how to create, import, and export packages, to enable easy exchange solutions with others In Detail The automation of virtual environments has become the focus of many endeavors. VMware vRealize Orchestrator is a tool that enables you to automate not only your VMware environments, but also the surrounding hardware and software infrastructure. Orchestrator is also a central tool in the VMware cloud initiative and is extensively used by products such as vRealize Automation. In this book, you will learn how Orchestrator is able to help you automate your complete VMware infrastructure as well as its surrounding hardware and software. After deploying and configuring the vRealize Orchestrator appliance, you will learn how to run the existing workflows that are a part of the Orchestrator library. You will also see how the vSphere Web Client integration of Orchestrator reduces the time you spend on your daily admin tasks. The main aspect here is to learn how to create new workflows from existing ones. You will also look at how you can create completely new workflows. This includes learning about JavaScript and using presentation features to improve the layout and user friendliness of your workflows. Toward the end, you will learn to check for errors in your workflows and debug them. By the time you're done with the book, you'll be proficient in managing your workflows. Style and approach This book follows a sequential approach with ample screenshots in the examples that convey a deeper understanding of all Orchestrator-related tasks.
VMware vSphere 5.1 Cookbook
by Abhilash GbA fast-paced, task-oriented Cookbook covering recipes on the installation and configuration of vSphere 5.1 components. The recipes are accompanied with relevant screenshots with an intention to provide a visual guidance as well. The book concentrates more on the actual task rather than the theory around it, making it easier to understand what is really needed to achieve the task.This book is a guide for anyone who wants to learn how to install and configure VMware vSphere components. This is an excellent handbook for support professionals or for anyone intending to give themselves a head start in learning how to install and configure vSphere 5.1 components. It is also a good task-oriented reference material for consultants who design and deploy vSphere environments.
VMware vSphere 5.5 Cookbook
by Abhilash G BThis is an excellent handbook for system administrators, support professionals, or for anyone intending to give themselves a headstart in learning how to install, configure, and manage a vSphere environment. It is also a good task-oriented reference guide for consultants or infrastructure architects who design and deploy vSphere environments.
VMware vSphere 5 Administration Instant Reference
by Andy Daniel Christopher Kusek Van Van NoyCompact and portable reference guide for quick answers to VMware vSphereIf you're looking to migrate to the newest version of VMware vSphere, this concise guide will get you up to speed and down to business in no time. If you're new to VMware vSphere, this book is for you too! The compact size of this quick reference makes it easy for you to have by your side--whether you're in the field, server room, or at your desk. Helpful elements for finding information such as thumb tabs, tables of contents with page numbers at the beginning of each chapter, and special headers puts what you need at your fingertips, fast.No matter your skill level, this book's focus on essential day-to-day tasks for administering vSphere make it a handy reference for anyone.Covers the highly anticipated release of VMware vSphereAllows you to hit the ground running with the latest VMware vSphere softwareProvides you answers on the spot with concise, no-nonsense instructionDesigned for busy IT professionals, this instant reference is the perfect go-to resource.
VMware vSphere 5.x Datacenter Design Cookbook
by Hersey CartwrightA practical guide packed with step-by-step recipes to design a virtual datacenter using VMware 5.x This book is a guide for anyone interested in designing virtualized datacenters using VMware vSphere 5.x and the supporting components. Current administrators of VMware vSphere environments will find this book useful when interested in becoming a vSphere Architect or are interested in learning more about the virtual datacenter design process. Knowledge of vSphere installation, configuration, and administration is a prerequisite.
VMware vSphere 6.5 Cookbook.: Over 140 task-oriented recipes to install, configure, manage, and orchestrate various VMware vSphere 6.5 components, 3rd Edition
by Abhilash G B Cedric Rajendran Mathias MeyenburgDeploy and manage VMware vSphere 6.5 components with ease. Key Features Simplified and to-the-point theory and practical recipes to deploy and manage vSphere 6.5 Discover the best ways to deploy stateless and stateful ESXi hosts and upgrade them Storage and network resource management Certificate management using VMCA Monitor the performance of a vSphere environment. Book Description VMware vSphere is a complete and robust virtualization product suite that helps transform data centers into simplified on-premises cloud infrastructures, providing for the automation and orchestration of workload deployment and life cycle management of the infrastructure. This book focuses on the latest release of VMware vSphere and follows a recipe-based approach, giving you hands-on instructions required to deploy and manage a vSphere environment. The book starts with the procedures involved in upgrading your existing vSphere infrastructure to vSphere 6.5, followed by deploying a new vSphere 6.5 environment. Then the book delves further into the procedures involved in managing storage and network access to the ESXi hosts and the virtual machines running on them. Moving on, the book covers high availability and fair distribution/utilization of clustered compute and storage resources. Finally, the book covers patching and upgrading the vSphere infrastructure using VUM, certificate management using VMCA, and finishes with a chapter covering the tools that can be used to monitor the performance of a vSphere infrastructure. What you will learn Upgrade your existing vSphere environment or perform a fresh deployment Automate the deployment and management of large sets of ESXi hosts in your vSphere Environment Configure and manage FC, iSCSI, and NAS storage, and get more control over how storage resources are allocated and managed Configure vSphere networking by deploying host-wide and data center-wide switches in your vSphere environment Configure high availability on a host cluster and learn how to enable the fair distribution and utilization of compute resources Patch and upgrade the vSphere environment Handle certificate request generation and renew component certificates Monitor performance of a vSphere environment Who this book is for If you are a system administrator, support professional, or anyone interested in learning how to install, configure, and manage a vSphere environment, then this book is for you. This task-oriented reference guide will also benefit consultants or infrastructure architects who design and deploy vSphere 6.5 environments.
VMware vSphere 6.7 Cookbook: Practical recipes to deploy, configure, and manage VMware vSphere 6.7 components, 4th Edition
by Abhilash G BProven, actionable ways to install, manage, secure and monitor your vSphere 6.7 environments Key Features Get up to speed with the installation and life cycle management of a vSphere 6.7 environment, using a task-based approach Secure your vSphere environment using SSL Certificates Get introduced to the tools that are used to monitor the performance of the vSphere Environment Book Description VMware vSphere is the most comprehensive core suite of SDDC solutions on the market. It helps transform data centers into simplified on-premises private cloud infrastructures. This edition of the book focuses on the latest version, vSphere 6.7. The books starts with chapters covering the greenfield deployment of vSphere 6.7 components and the upgrade of existing vSphere components to 6.7. You will then learn how to configure storage and network access for a vSphere environment. Get to grips with optimizing your vSphere environment for resource distribution and utilization using features such as DRS and DPM, along with enabling high availability for vSphere components using vSphere HA, VMware FT, and VCHA. Then, you will learn how to facilitate large-scale deployment of stateless/stateful ESXi hosts using Auto Deploy. Finally, you will explore how to upgrade/patch a vSphere environment using vSphere Update Manager, secure it using SSL certificates, and then monitor its performance with tools such as vSphere Performance Charts and esxtop. By the end of this book, you'll be well versed in the core functionalities of vSphere 6.7 and be able to effectively deploy, manage, secure, and monitor your environment. What you will learn Deploy a new vSphere 6.7 environment or upgrade an existing vSphere environment to version 6.7 Learn how to configure and manage storage and network access for a vSphere environment Enable high availability for Hosts, VMs and vCenter Server Optimize your vSphere environment for resource distribution/utilization Patch or upgrade a vSphere environment using vSphere Update Manager Secure vSphere infrastructure components using SSL certificates Effectively monitor the performance of your vSphere environment Who this book is for If you are a systems administrator, support engineer, or anyone who wants to learn how to install, configure, and manage a vSphere environment in a quick, hands-on manner, then this book is for you. Consultants and infrastructure architects who wish to design and deploy vSphere 6.7 environments will also find this book helpful.
VMware vSphere 6.7 Data Center Design Cookbook: Over 100 practical recipes to help you design a powerful virtual infrastructure based on vSphere 6.7, 3rd Edition
by Mike Brown Hersey CartwrightDesign a virtualized data center with VMware vSphere 6.7 Key Features Get the first book on the market that helps you design a virtualized data center with VMware vSphere 6.7 Learn how to create professional vSphere design documentation to ensure a successful implementation A practical guide that will help you apply infrastructure design principles to vSphere design Book Description VMware is the industry leader in data center virtualization. The vSphere 6.x suite of products provides a robust and resilient platform to virtualize server and application workloads. This book uses proven infrastructure design principles and applies them to VMware vSphere 6.7 virtual data center design through short and focused recipes on each design aspect. The second edition of this book focused on vSphere 6.0. vSphere features released since then necessitate an updated design guide, which includes recipes for upgrading to 6.7, vCenter HA; operational improvements; cutting-edge, high-performance storage access such as RDMA and Pmem; security features such as encrypted vMotion and VM-level encryption; Proactive HA; HA Orchestrated Restart; Predictive DRS; and more. By the end of the book, you will be able to achieve enhanced compute, storage, network, and management capabilities for your virtual data center. What you will learn Identify key factors related to a vSphere design Mitigate security risks and meet compliance requirements in a vSphere design Create a vSphere conceptual design by identifying technical and business requirements Design for performance, availability, recoverability, manageability, and security Map the logical resource design into the physical vSphere design Create professional vSphere design documentation Who this book is for If you are an administrator or consultant interested in designing virtualized data center environments using VMware vSphere 6.x (or previous versions of vSphere and the supporting components), this book is for you.
VMware vSphere 6.X Datacenter Design Cookbook - Second Edition
by Hersey CartwrightIf you are an administrator or consultant interested in designing virtualized datacenter environments using VMware vSphere 6.x or previous versions of vSphere and the supporting components, this book is for you. It will help both new and experienced architects deliver professional VMware vSphere virtual datacenter designs.
VMware vSphere Design
by Scott Lowe Forbes Guthrie Kendrick ColemanAchieve the performance, scalability, and ROI your business needsWhat can you do at the start of a virtualization deployment to make things run more smoothly? If you plan, deploy, maintain, and optimize vSphere solutions in your company, this unique book provides keen insight and solutions. From hardware selection, network layout, and security considerations to storage and hypervisors, this book explains the design decisions you'll face and how to make the right choices.Written by two virtualization experts and packed with real-world strategies and examples, VMware vSphere Design, Second Edition will help you design smart design decisions.Shows IT administrators how plan, deploy, maintain, and optimize vSphere virtualization solutions Explains the design decisions typically encountered at every step in the process and how to make the right choices Covers server hardware selection, network topology, security, storage, virtual machine design, and more Topics include ESXi hypervisors deployment, vSwitches versus dvSwitches, and FC, FCoE, iSCSI, or NFS storage Find out the "why" behind virtualization design decisions and make better choices, with VMware vSphere Design, Second Edition, which has been fully updated for vSphere 5.x.
VMware vSphere Design Essentials
by Puthiyavan UdayakumarIf you are a VMware beginner, VMware engineer, VMware SME, or VMware architect, then this is the book for you. A basic understanding of virtualization is a prerequisite.
VMware vSphere Essentials
by Kunal Kumar Christian StankowicThis book is intended for virtualization administrators who want to learn VMware vSphere quickly. It is assumed that you have some basic knowledge of virtualization and the vSphere environment.
VMware vSphere Essentials: A Practical Approach to vSphere Deployment and Management
by Luciano PatrãoThis book fills a vacuum in the market for high-quality information on a VMware vSphere system and offers a thorough introduction to VMware virtualization. Written for novices and those seeking more information about vSphere, this book walks you through its key concepts and technology, such as vSphere infrastructure creation, maintenance, and performance for beginners and advanced users.You'll take a step-by-step approach to guarantee you grasp the fundamental concepts and practical procedures required to construct and manage virtual machines in a VMware vSphere system. You'll explore the key components of vSphere with detail and explanation for each feature, including the hypervisor, networking, storage, and high availability, unravelling their intricacies and highlighting best practices.This book provides full VMware knowledge to develop, set up, and maintain vSphere environments that meet modern computing needs. It also features advanced topics, such as resource optimization, performance monitoring, advanced settings, and automation, empowering you to take your virtualization skills to the next level. VMware vSphere Essentials uses a unique step-by-step instructions designed to provide a high-level understanding, accompanied by illustrative images. What You'll LearnEnhance network efficiency with advanced vSphere LACP setupConfigure and manage virtual machines in vSphereImplement vSphere networking and storage Explore advanced vSphere features, such as DRS, HA, and fault toleranceMaster seamless VM migration techniquesOptimize hardware utilization with direct path I/O passthroughWho This Book Is ForSystem administrators, advanced vSphere administrators, and IT professionals pursuing VMware certifications
VMware vSphere For Dummies
by Dan Mitchell Thomas KeeganA plain-English guide to the market-leading virtualization and cloud computing technology With virtualization, a single server can host dozens or hundreds of virtual machines running a variety of operating systems, and even hook them together in a virtual network or cloud infrastructure. This practical guide shows you how to create a virtual system using the VMware VSphere environment. You'll find all the information you need to understand, design, and deploy one-without getting overwhelmed with technical detail. And once you're up and running, this book is the perfect reference for maintenance and troubleshooting issues. Introduces you to virtualization and VMware's virtualization/cloud computing technology, the most recent version is VMware vSphere Shows you how to design a vSphere environment Covers installation, deployment, management, maintenance, and troubleshooting Provides what IT managers and system administrators need to roll out their first virtualized or cloud infrastructure, or to get up to speed on VMware's technology Get up and running on the cloud with VMware vSphere For Dummies!
VMware vSphere Performance
by Christopher Kusek Matt Liebowitz Rynardt SpiesCovering the latest VMware vSphere software, an essential book aimed at solving vSphere performance problems before they happenVMware vSphere is the industry's most widely deployed virtualization solution. However, if you improperly deploy vSphere, performance problems occur. Aimed at VMware administrators and engineers and written by a team of VMware experts, this resource provides guidance on common CPU, memory, storage, and network-related problems. Plus, step-by-step instructions walk you through techniques for solving problems and shed light on possible causes behind the problems.Divulges troubleshooting methodologies, performance monitoring tools, and techniques and tools for isolating performance problemsDetails the necessary steps for handling CPU, memory, storage, and network-related problemsOffers understanding on the interactions between VMware vSphere and CPU, memory, storage, and networkVMware vSphere Performance is the resource you need to diagnose and handle VMware vSphere performance problems, and avoid them in the future.
VMware vSphere PowerCLI Reference
by Glenn Sizemore Luc Dekens Jonathan Medd Alan Renouf Arnim Van LieshoutYour One-Stop Reference for VMware vSphere AutomationIf you manage vSphere in a Windows environment, automating routine tasks can save you time and increase efficiency. VMware vSphere PowerCLI is a set of pre-built commands based on Windows PowerShell that is designed to help you automate vSphere processes involving virtual machines, datacenters, storage, networks, and more. This detailed guide--using a practical, task-based approach and real-world examples--shows you how to get the most out of PowerCLI's handy cmdlets.Learn how to:Automate vCenter Server and ESX/ESX(i) Server deployment and configurationCreate and configure virtual machines and use vAppsSecure, back up, and restore your virtual machinesMonitor, audit, and report the status of your vSphere environmentUse the PowerCLI SDK, PowerWF Studio, and vEcoShellSchedule and view automationAdd a GUI front end to your scripts
VMware vSphere PowerCLI Reference
by Andrew Sullivan Glenn Sizemore Luc Dekens Jonathan Medd Brian Graf Matt BorenMaster vSphere automation with this comprehensive reference VMware vSphere PowerCLI Reference, Automating vSphere Administration, 2nd Edition is a one-stop solution for vSphere automation. Fully updated to align with the latest vSphere and PowerCLI release, this detailed guide shows you how to get the most out of PowerCLI's handy cmdlets using real-world examples and a practical, task-based approach. You'll learn how to store, access, update, back up, and secure massive amounts of data quickly through the power of virtualization automation, and you'll get acquainted with PowerCLI as you learn how to automate management, monitoring, and life-cycle operations for vSphere. Coverage includes areas like the PowerCLI SDK, SRM, vCOPS, and vCloud Air. Plus guidance toward scheduling and viewing automation, using DevOps methodology and structured testing and source control of your PowerCLI scripts. Clear language and detailed explanations make this reference the manual you've been looking for. This book is your complete reference for managing vSphere in a Windows environment, with expert instruction and real-world application. Automate vCenter Server deployment and configuration Create and configure virtual machines, and utilize vApps Monitor, audit, and report the status of your vSphere environment Secure, back up, and restore your virtual machines Work with other vSphere components from your PowerCLI scripts Take control of your PowerCLI scripts through versioning and structured testing Don't spend another day slogging through routine systems management -- automate it, with this invaluable guide.
VMware vSphere Resource Management Essentials
by Jonathan FrappierThis concise guide follows a practical approach, covering solutions and methods to manage resources for virtualization. If you are a current vSphere administrator who is aspiring to start your virtualization journey with VMware vSphere and wants to learn how to manage your resources, this is the book for you. Readers are expected to have some prior knowledge of ESXi and vCenter.
VMware vSphere Security Cookbook
by Mike GreerThis book is intended for virtualization professionals who are experienced with the setup and configuration of VMware vSphere, but didn't get the opportunity to learn how to secure the environment properly.
VMware vSphere Troubleshooting
by Muhammad Zeeshan MunirGain expertise in troubleshooting most common issues to implement vSphere environments with easeAbout This BookPlan, analyze, and design effective solutions for your vSphere environmentTroubleshoot problems related to vSphere performanceFamiliarize yourself with the advanced troubleshooting conceptsand become an xpert level administratorWho This Book Is ForThe books is intended for mid-level System Engineers and System Integrators who want to learn VMware power tools to troubleshoot and manage the vSphere infrastructure. Good knowledge level and understanding of virtualization is expected.What You Will LearnConfigure vSphere management assistant and troubleshooting toolsUse troubleshooting tools to monitor performance and troubleshoot different issuesLearn how to troubleshoot High Availability and other commonly known problems with clusters such as insufficient resources, failing heartbeatsUse Direct Console User Interface (DCUI) to verify configurationDiagnose storage issues including iSCSI, NFS and VMFS problemsManage vSphere Network Virtual and Distributed Switches, Trunks, VLANSMonitor and shape network traffic, configure routes and DNSQuickly resolve common day-to-day problems by analysing logs of VMware vSphere hosts and VMware vCenter ServerDebug and resolve commonly known vSphere Cluster problemsIn DetailVMware vSphere is the leading server virtualization platform with consistent management for virtual data centers. It enhances troubleshooting skills to diagnose and resolve day to day problems in your VMware vSphere infrastructure environment.This book will provide you practical hands-on knowledge of using different performance monitoring and troubleshooting tools to manage and troubleshoot the vSphere infrastructure.It begins by introducing systematic approach for troubleshooting different problems and show casing the troubleshooting techniques. You will be able to use the troubleshooting tools to monitor performance, and troubleshoot issues related to Hosts and Virtual Machines. Moving on, you will troubleshoot High Availability, storage I/O control problems, virtual LANS, and iSCSI, NFS, VMFS issues.By the end of this book, you will be able to analyze and solve advanced issues related to vShpere environment such as vcenter certificates, database problems, and different failed state errors.Style and approachA step-by-step guide full of real world scenarios that will enhance advanced knowledge, skills, and abilities to achieve competence in troubleshooting the VMware vSphere environment. Basic concepts of vSphere and the most common vSphere infrastructure problems are explained with practical solutions to resolve it.
VMware Workstation - No Experience Necessary
by Sander Van VugtThis book is a practical, step-by-step guide to creating and managing virtual machines using VMware Workstation.VMware Workstation: No Experience Necessary is for developers as well as system administrators who want to efficiently set up a test environment .You should have basic networking knowledge, and prior experience with Virtual Machines and VMware Player would be beneficial
Vocabulary, Corpus and Language Teaching: A Machine-Generated Literature Overview
by Muthyala Udaya Chada Ramamuni ReddyThis book is the result of a collaboration between a human editor and an artificial intelligence algorithm to create a machine-generated literature overview of research articles analyzing the importance of ESL/EFL vocabulary and corpus studies. It is a new publication format in which state-of-the-art computer algorithms are applied to select the most relevant articles published in Springer Nature journals and create machine-generated literature reviews by arranging the selected articles in a topical order and creating short summaries of these articles.This comprehensive book explores ESL/EFL vocabulary and corpus studies from five main perspectives: acquisition, strategies, ICT, corpus, and current practices. The sections delve into topics such as the impact of technology on learning, the power of corpora in language education, and innovative vocabulary-development techniques.This book is an essential resource for researchers, educators, and language facilitators seeking a deeper understanding of vocabulary within ESL/EFL teaching and learning contexts.
Vocational Education and Training in ASEAN Member States: Current Status and Future Development (Perspectives on Rethinking and Reforming Education)
by Bin Bai ParyonoThis book is the first monograph to systematically introduce readers to technology and vocational education and training in ASEAN countries. It details the current state of development and key development trends regarding technology and vocational education and training in the ten ASEAN countries. For each ASEAN country, the book addresses the history, status quo, characteristics, reform and development trends in technology and vocational education and training.The content mainly focuses on technology and vocational education and training systems, vocational qualification frameworks, technology and vocational education and training related personnel, etc. All the latest data presented here is drawn from the newest official website and research reports, accurately reflecting the development status of ASEAN countries and helping us make better forecasts regarding its future.This book offers a valuable reference guide for academic research in technology and vocational education and training. It can also be used as a textbook for postgraduate courses in technology and vocational education and training, as well as training material for various vocational education teachers and managers.