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Carl Adam Petri: Eine Biographie
by Einar SmithDer Autor präsentiert Leben, Werk und Wirken eines der weltweit bekanntesten deutschen Informatiker: Carl Adam Petri. Die Stadien seiner Entwicklung sind lebendig und kurzweilig beschrieben, gehen aber so weit in die Tiefe, dass der Leser ein gutes Verständnis für die Hintergründe von Petris wichtigstem Beitrag zur Informatik bekommt, die nach ihm benannten Petrinetze. Das Buch kann so als Einführung in die Petrinetze gelesen werden, erörtert aber auch die theoretischen, physikalischen und philosophischen Grundlagen der Netze, die erst einen umfassenden Zugang zu Petris Werk ermöglichen. Das Buch wendet sich dank seiner verständlichen Darstellung aber auch an Leser, die einfach nur eine bemerkenswerte Persönlichkeit der Zeitgeschichte kennenlernen möchten.
Carl Adam Petri: Life and Science
by Einar SmithThe book presents the life and works of one of Germany's most famous computer scientists, Carl Adam Petri. It is written in a vivid and entertaining manner, providing an in-depth discussion of the background behind Petri's best-known contribution to computer science, the Petri net. In this way the book can be read as a first introduction to nets, but it also covers the theoretical, physical and philosophical foundations behind nets, thus facilitating a comprehensive understanding of the wider range of Petri's works. The book is intended for readers with a previous knowledge in computer science, as well as for "interested non-professionals", who want to get to know a remarkable personality of contemporary science.
Carl Adam Petri: Ideas, Personality, Impact
by Wolfgang Reisig Grzegorz RozenbergThis book offers an overview of the key ideas of Petri nets, how they were developed, and how they were applied in diverse applications. The chapters in the first part offer individual perspectives on the impact of Petri’s work. The second part of the book contains personal memories from researchers who collaborated with him closely, in particular they recount his unique personality. The chapters in the third part offer more conventional treatments on various aspects of current Petri net research, and the fourth part examines the wide applications of Petri nets, and the relationships with other domains.The editors and authors are the leading researchers in this domain, and this book will be a valuable insight for researchers in computer science, particularly those engaged with concurrency and distributed systems.
Carl von Clausewitz, the Fog-of-War, and the AI Revolution: The Real World Is Not A Game Of Go (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Rodrick WallaceThe language of business is the language of dreams, but the language of war is the language of nightmare made real. Yet business dreams of driverless cars on intelligent roads, and of other real-time critical systems under the control of algorithmic entities, have much of war about them. Such systems, including military institutions at the tactical, operational and strategic scales, act on rapidly-shifting roadway topologies whose 'traffic rules' can rapidly change. War is never without both casualty and collateral damage, and realtime critical systems of any nature will inevitably partake of fog-of-war and frictional challenges almost exactly similar to those that have made warfare intractable for modern states. Into the world of Carl von Clausewitz, John Boyd, Mao Tse-Tung, Vo Nguyen Giap and Genghis Khan, come the brash, bright-eyed techies of Alphabet, Microsoft, Amazon, and Uber who forthrightly step in where a phalanx of angels has not feared to tread, but treaded badly indeed. In this book we use cutting-edge tools from information and control theories to examine canonical and idiosyncratic failure modes of real-time cognitive systems facing fog-of-war and frictional constraints. In sum, nobody ever navigates, or can navigate, the landscapes of Carl von Clausewitz unscathed.
Carrier Ethernet: Providing the Need for Speed
by Gilbert HeldFacilitating high data transfers over long distances at a reasonable cost, Carrier Ethernet is solidifying its fundamental position as the core of next-generation networks. Since it first dazzled the IT world 40 years ago with its ability to move data over local networks, Ethernet has dramatically evolved in both form and function. And now, Carrier
Carry On
by Bruce SchneierUp-to-the-minute observations from a world-famous security expert Bruce Schneier is known worldwide as the foremost authority and commentator on every security issue from cyber-terrorism to airport surveillance. This groundbreaking book features more than 160 commentaries on recent events including the Boston Marathon bombing, the NSA's ubiquitous surveillance programs, Chinese cyber-attacks, the privacy of cloud computing, and how to hack the Papal election. Timely as an Internet news report and always insightful, Schneier explains, debunks, and draws lessons from current events that are valuable for security experts and ordinary citizens alike. Bruce Schneier's worldwide reputation as a security guru has earned him more than 250,000 loyal blog and newsletter readers This anthology offers Schneier's observations on some of the most timely security issues of our day, including the Boston Marathon bombing, the NSA's Internet surveillance, ongoing aviation security issues, and Chinese cyber-attacks It features the author's unique take on issues involving crime, terrorism, spying, privacy, voting, security policy and law, travel security, the psychology and economics of security, and much more Previous Schneier books have sold over 500,000 copies Carry On: Sound Advice from Schneier on Security is packed with information and ideas that are of interest to anyone living in today's insecure world.
A Cartographic Analysis of Soviet Military City Plans (Springer Theses)
by Martin DavisThe collapse of the Soviet Union has seen the emergence of its unprecedentedly comprehensive global secret military mapping project and the commercial availability of a vast number of detailed topographic maps and city plans at several scales. This thesis provides an in-depth examination of the series of over 2,000 large-scale city plans produced in secret by the Military Topographic Directorate (Военное топографическое управление) of the General Staff between the end of the Second World War and the collapse of the USSR in 1991. After positioning the series in its historical context, the nature and content of the plans are examined in detail. A poststructuralist perspective introduces possibilities to utilise and apply the maps in new contexts, which this thesis facilitates by providing a systematic, empirical analysis of the Soviet map symbology at 1:10,000 and 1:25,000, using new translations of production manuals and a sample of the city plans. A comparative analysis with the current OpenStreetMap symbology indicates scope for Soviet mapping to be used as a valuable supplementary topographic resource in a variety of existing and future global mapping initiatives, including humanitarian crisis mapping. This leads to a conclusion that the relevance and value of Soviet military maps endure in modern applications, both as a source of data and as a means of overcoming contemporary cartographic challenges relating to symbology, design and the handling of large datasets.
Cartography from Pole to Pole: Selected Contributions to the XXVIth International Conference of the ICA, Dresden 2013 (Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography #8)
by Dirk Burghardt Manfred Buchroithner Nikolas PrechtelThis volume comprehends a selection of papers presented during the 26th International Cartographic Conference held in Dresden from the 26th to the 30th of August 2013. It covers many fields of relevant Mapping and GIS research subjects, such as cartographic applications, cartographic tools, generalisation and update Propagation, higher dimensional visualisation and augmented reality, planetary mapping issues, cartography and environmental modelling, user generated content and spatial data infrastructure, use and usability as well as cartography and GIS in education.
Cascaded Interferometers and Their Medical Applications (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Abdallah HamedThis book looks at the application of cascaded interferometers in both theoretical and practical contexts, particularly focusing on enhancing image contrast and facilitating medical diagnostics. Commencing with a comprehensive exploration of modulated two-beam interference employing Fourier optics, it progresses to discuss the implementation of a cascaded Michelson interferometer, with a specialized emphasis on its utility in analyzing microscopic structures such as glass fibers. Subsequent chapters examine step-index fibers using multiple laser beam interferometry and introduce sophisticated models for interpreting fringe shifts in unclad glass fibers through ordinary multiple-beam interference. Moreover, the book addresses the recognition of modulated apertures employing a Cascaded Fabry-Perot Interferometer (CFPI) and discusses its implications for various applications. It looks at the processing of retinal artery images leveraging higher orders of two-beam interference and investigates the utility of cascaded interferometric techniques in examining kidney and colon images. Furthermore, it presents a novel approach to image processing of coronaviruses utilizing interferometry techniques, showcasing the potential of interferometric methods in medical research and diagnostics. Through its systematic exploration of cascaded interferometers and their diverse applications, this book is suited for researchers, practitioners, and students alike, offering insights into both fundamental principles and advanced methodologies in interferometry and medical imaging.
Cascading Style Sheets: The Definitive Guide
by Eric MeyerCascading Style Sheets (CSS) is the HTML 4.0-approved method for controlling visual presentation on web pages. This comprehensive guide to CSS and CSS1 explores in detail each property, how individual properties interact, how to avoid common mistakes in interpretation. For both beginning and advanced web authors, this is the first major CSS title to address actual current browser support, rather than the way things work in theory.
Cascading Style Sheets: The Definitive Guide, 2nd Edition
by Eric MeyerCascading Style Sheets: The Definitive Guide , 2nd Edition is a thorough review of all aspects of CSS2.1 and a comprehensive guide to CSS implementation. The book includes new content on positioning, lists and generated content, table layout, user interface, paged media, and more. It explores in detail each individual CSS property and how it interacts with other properties, and shows how to avoid common mistakes in interpretation.
Cascading Style Sheets: The Definitive Guide
by Eric MeyerCascading Style Sheets (CSS) is poised to make its mark on the Web. With good implementations in Internet Explorer 5.0 and Opera 3.6, and 100% support expected in Netscape's "Mozilla" browser, signs are that CSS is rapidly becoming a useful, reliable, and powerful tool for web authors. CSS is the W3C-approved method for enriching the visual presentation of web pages. Cascading Style Sheets: The Definitive Guide offers a complete, detailed review of CSS1 and CSS positioning, as well as an overview of CSS2. Each property is explored in detail with a discussion of how each interacts with other properties. There is also information on how to avoid common mistakes in interpretation. This book is the first major title to cover CSS in a way that both acknowledges and describes current browser support, instead of simply describing the way things work in theory. It offers both web authors and scripters a comprehensive guide to using CSS effectively. Cascading Style Sheets: The Definitive Guide targets veteran web authors who have already invested thousands of hours in learning HTML and writing web pages and are wondering why they need to learn a brand new language of style. This book supplies those dubious but curious web authors with the information they need to easily implement CSS for their web site. This book also addresses an audience of novice web authors who are already straining to learn all of the tags and attributes of HTML and can benefit now from implementing CSS correctly instead of repeating the mistakes of the past. The author has extensive experience writing about pitfalls and interesting tricks in CSS. He is a member of the CSS and FP Working Group, coordinates the W3C's CSS1 Test Suite, remains active on CSS newsgroups, and edits Web Review's Style Sheets Reference Guide. He has built a widespread reputation as a CSS expert, particularly with regard to his understanding of the intricacies of browser support for CSS. He brings his knowledge and expertise to this book in the form of hints, workarounds, and many other tips for web authors.
The Case Against Reality: Why Evolution Hid The Truth From Our Eyes
by Donald HoffmanCan we trust our senses to tell us the truth? Challenging leading scientific theories that claim that our senses report back objective reality, cognitive scientist Donald Hoffman argues that while we should take our perceptions seriously, we should not take them literally. How can it be possible that the world we see is not objective reality? And how can our senses be useful if they are not communicating the truth? Hoffman grapples with these questions and more over the course of this eye-opening work. Ever since Homo sapiens has walked the earth, natural selection has favored perception that hides the truth and guides us toward useful action, shaping our senses to keep us alive and reproducing. We observe a speeding car and do not walk in front of it; we see mold growing on bread and do not eat it. These impressions, though, are not objective reality. Just like a file icon on a desktop screen is a useful symbol rather than a genuine representation of what a computer file looks like, the objects we see every day are merely icons, allowing us to navigate the world safely and with ease. The real-world implications for this discovery are huge. From examining why fashion designers create clothes that give the illusion of a more “attractive” body shape to studying how companies use color to elicit specific emotions in consumers, and even dismantling the very notion that spacetime is objective reality, The Case Against Reality dares us to question everything we thought we knew about the world we see.
Case Against the New Censorship: Protecting Free Speech from Big Tech, Progressives, and Universities
by Alan DershowitzIn The Case Against the New Censorship: Protecting Free Speech from Big Tech, Progressives, and Universities, Alan Dershowitz—New York Times bestselling author and one of America&’s most respected legal scholars—analyzes the current regressive war against freedom of speech being waged by well-meaning but dangerous censors and proposes steps that can be taken to defend, reclaim, and strengthen freedom of speech and other basic liberties that are under attack. Alan Dershowitz has been called &“one of the most prominent and consistent defenders of civil liberties in America&” by Politico and &“the nation&’s most peripatetic civil liberties lawyer and one of its most distinguished defenders of individual rights&” by Newsweek. He is also a fair-minded and even-handed expert on the Constitution and our civil liberties, and in this book offers his knowledge and insight to help readers understand the war being waged against free speech by the ostensibly well-meaning forces seeking to constrain this basic right. The Case Against the New Censorship is an analysis of every aspect of the current fight against freedom of speech, from the cancellations and deplatformings practiced by so-called progressives, to the powerful, seemingly arbitrary control exerted by Big Tech and social media companies, to the stifling of debate and controversial thinking at public and private universities. It assesses the role of the Trump presidency in energizing this backlash against basic liberties and puts it into a broader historical context as it examines how anti-Trump zealots weaponized, distorted, and weakened constitutional protections in an effort to &“get&” Trump by any means. In the end, The Case Against the New Censorship represents an icon in American law and politics exploring the current rapidly changing attitudes toward the value of free speech and assessing potential ways to preserve our civil liberties. It is essential reading for anyone interested in or concerned about freedom of speech and the efforts to constrain it, the possible effects this could have on our society, and the significance of both freedom of speech and the battle against it in a greater historical and political context.
The Case Against Trump
by Kevin D. WilliamsonDonald Trump, who rocketed to the top of the polls in the early GOP primary race, is an unlikely Republican front-runner: a longtime supporter of Democratic politicians with a history of taking views opposed to those of mainstream conservatives. A household name for his reality-television show and his tawdry tabloid history, he has connected with an underappreciated strain of right-wing populists by focusing his fire on a single issue: immigration.In this Broadside, Kevin D. Williamson takes a hard look at the Trump phenomenon and the failures of the national Republican leadership - and defects in our national character - that gave it life. Trump may or may not be in the race for the long haul, but in either case, Trumpism will remain a force.
Case-based Evidence - Grundlagen und Anwendung: Prognose und Verbesserung der Akzeptanz von Produkten und Projekten
by Meike Schumacher Georg Rainer HofmannDas Praxisbuch erl#65533;utert anschaulich anhand konkreter F#65533;lle, wie Analogien f#65533;r die Prognose und Erh#65533;hung der Akzeptanz neuer Produkte und Projekte genutzt werden k#65533;nnen. Der Leser erh#65533;lt eine ,,Schritt f#65533;r Schritt Anleitung" zur Methodenanwendung mit zahlreichen Hinweisen und Best-Practice Beispielen. Die Autoren erl#65533;utern allgemein verst#65533;ndlich die Teilschritte der Methode: Zun#65533;chst werden die kritischen Ph#65533;nomene identifiziert. Analogieschl#65533;sse ausgew#65533;hlter Vergleichsf#65533;lle werden auf den aktuellen Fall #65533;bertragen. Diese isomorphen Mechanismen bilden die Grundlage eines synoptischen Modells, welches schlie#65533;lich in einer Serie qualifizierter Experteninterviews evaluiert wird. Das Buch richtet sich an Fachkr#65533;fte aus Gesch#65533;ftsentwicklung und Innovationsmanagement, aber auch an Praktiker aus Produktentwicklung und Marketing.
Case-Based Reasoning: A Textbook (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #4626)
by Michael M. Richter Rosina O. WeberThis book presents case-based reasoning in a systematic approach with two goals: to present rigorous and formally valid structures for precise case-based reasoning, and to demonstrate the range of techniques, methods, and tools available for many applications.
Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development: 25th International Conference, ICCBR 2017, Trondheim, Norway, June 26-28, 2017, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #10339)
by David W. Aha Jean LieberThe 2001 International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning (ICCBR 2001, www. iccbr. org/iccbr01), the fourth in the biennial ICCBR series (1995 in Sesimbra, Portugal; 1997 in Providence, Rhode Island (USA); 1999 in Seeon, Germany), was held during 30 July - 2 August 2001 in Vancouver, Canada. ICCBR is the premier international forum for researchers and practitioners of case based reasoning (CBR). The objectives of this meeting were to nurture significant, relevant advances made in this field (both in research and application), communicate them among all attendees, inspire future advances, and continue to support the vision that CBR is a valuable process in many research disciplines, both computational and otherwise. ICCBR 2001 was the first ICCBR meeting held on the Pacific coast, and we used the setting of beautiful Vancouver as an opportunity to enhance participation from the Pacific Rim communities, which contributed 28% of the submissions. During this meeting, we were fortunate to host invited talks by Ralph Bergmann, Ken Forbus, Jaiwei Han, Ramon L#65533;pez de M#65533;ntaras, and Manuela Veloso. Their contributions ensured a stimulating meeting; we thank them all.
Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development: 29th International Conference, ICCBR 2021, Salamanca, Spain, September 13–16, 2021, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #12877)
by Antonio A. Sánchez-Ruiz Michael W. FloydThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, ICCBR 2021, which took place in Salamanca, Spain, during September 13-16, 2021. The 21 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 85 submissions. They deal with AI and related research focusing on comparison and integration of CBR with other AI methods such as deep learning architectures, reinforcement learning, lifelong learning, and eXplainable AI (XAI).
Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development: 24th International Conference, ICCBR 2016, Atlanta, GA, USA, October 31 - November 2, 2016, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #9969)
by Ashok Goel, M Belén Díaz-Agudo and Thomas Roth-BerghoferThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development, ICCBR 2016, held in Atlanta, GA, USA, in October/November 2016.The 14 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 44 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of CBR topics that are of interest both to researchers and practitioners from foundations of Case-Based Reasoning; over CBR systems for specific tasks and related fields; up to CBR systems, applications and lessons learned in specific areas of expertise such as health; e-science; finance; energy, logistics, traffic; game/AI; cooking; diagnosis, technical support; as well as knowledge and experience management.
Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development: 27th International Conference, ICCBR 2019, Otzenhausen, Germany, September 8–12, 2019, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #11680)
by Kerstin Bach Cindy MarlingThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 27th International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development, ICCBR 2019, held in Otzenhausen, Germany, in September 2019. The 26 full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 43 submissions. 15 were selected for oral presentation and 11 for poster presentation. The theme of ICCBR 2019, "Explainable AI (XAI)," was highlighted by several activities. These papers, which are included in the proceedings, address many themes related to the theory and application of case-based reasoning and its future direction.
Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development: 32nd International Conference, ICCBR 2024, Merida, Mexico, July 1–4, 2024, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14775)
by Derek Bridge Juan A. Recio-Garcia Mauricio G. Orozco-del-CastilloThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development, ICCBR 2024, held in Merida, Mexico, during July 1–4, 2024. The 29 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 91 submissions. They cover a wide range of CBR topics of interest both to practitioners and researchers, including: improvements to the CBR methodology itself: case representation, similarity, retrieval, adaptation, etc.; synergies with other Artificial Intelligence topics, such as Explainable AI and Large Language Models; and finally a whole catalog of applications to different domains such as health-care, education, and legislation.
Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development: 23rd International Conference, ICCBR 2015, Frankfurt am Main, Germany, September 28-30, 2015. Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #9343)
by Eyke Hüllermeier Mirjam MinorThis book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development, ICCBR 2015, held in Frankfurt am Main, Germany, in September 2015. The 26 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 37 submissions. The papers cover a wide range of CBR topics that are of interest both to researchers and practitioners from foundations of Case-Based Reasoning; over CBR systems for specific tasks and related fields; up to CBR systems, applications and lessons learned in specific areas of expertise such as health; e-science; finance; energy, logistics, traffic; game/AI; cooking; diagnosis, technical support; as well as knowledge and experience management
Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development: 30th International Conference, ICCBR 2022, Nancy, France, September 12–15, 2022, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #13405)
by Mark T. Keane Nirmalie WiratungaThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning, ICCBR 2022, which took place in Nancy, France, during September 12-15, 2022.The theme of ICCBR 2022 was Global Challenges for CBR aiming to consider how CBR can and might contribute to challenges in sustainability, climate change, and global health. The 26 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 68 submissions. They deal with AI and related research focusing on comparison and integration of CBR with other AI methods such as deep learning architectures, reinforcement learning, lifelong learning, and eXplainable AI (XAI).
Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development: 31st International Conference, ICCBR 2023, Aberdeen, UK, July 17–20, 2023, Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science #14141)
by Stewart Massie Sutanu ChakrabortiThis book constitutes the proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Case-Based Reasoning Research and Development, ICCBR 2023, which took place in Aberdeen, UK, in July 2023. The 26 full papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 79 submissions. The papers have been organized in topical sections as follows: CBR and deep learning; representation and similarity; CBR and explainable AI; case base maintenance; adaptation: techniques and application; and case-based applications.