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Anacondas (Animals en espanol)
by Jaclyn Jaycox¡Las anacondas son las serpientes ma´s grandes del mundo! Estas enormes criaturas estrujan a sus presas hasta asfixiarlas. Algunas son tan largas como un autobu´s y son capaces de estar bajo el agua por mucho tiempo mientras cazan. Desli´zate por las pa´ginas y aprende sobre estas poderosas serpientes.
Analogue Gravity Phenomenology: Analogue Spacetimes and Horizons, from Theory to Experiment (Lecture Notes in Physics #870)
by Ugo Moschella Vittorio Gorini Sergio Cacciatori Francesco Belgiorno Stefano Liberati Daniele FaccioAnalogue Gravity Phenomenology is a collection of contributions that cover a vast range of areas in physics, ranging from surface wave propagation in fluids to nonlinear optics. The underlying common aspect of all these topics, and hence the main focus and perspective from which they are explained here, is the attempt to develop analogue models for gravitational systems. The original and main motivation of the field is the verification and study of Hawking radiation from a horizon: the enabling feature is the possibility to generate horizons in the laboratory with a wide range of physical systems that involve a flow of one kind or another. The years around 2010 and onwards witnessed a sudden surge of experimental activity in this expanding field of research. However, building an expertise in analogue gravity requires the researcher to be equipped with a rather broad range of knowledge and interests. The aim of this book is to bring the reader up to date with the latest developments and provide the basic background required in order to appreciate the goals, difficulties, and success stories in the field of analogue gravity. Each chapter of the book treats a different topic explained in detail by the major experts for each specific discipline. The first chapters give an overview of black hole spacetimes and Hawking radiation before moving on to describe the large variety of analogue spacetimes that have been proposed and are currently under investigation. This introductory part is then followed by an in-depth description of what are currently the three most promising analogue spacetime settings, namely surface waves in flowing fluids, acoustic oscillations in Bose-Einstein condensates and electromagnetic waves in nonlinear optics. Both theory and experimental endeavours are explained in detail. The final chapters refer to other aspects of analogue gravity beyond the study of Hawking radiation, such as Lorentz invariance violations and Brownian motion in curved spacetimes, before concluding with a return to the origins of the field and a description of the available observational evidence for horizons in astrophysical black holes.
Analogue Quantum Simulation: A New Instrument for Scientific Understanding
by Dominik Hangleiter Jacques Carolan Karim P. ThébaultThis book presents fresh insights into analogue quantum simulation. It argues that these simulations are a new instrument of science. They require a bespoke philosophical analysis, sensitive to both the similarities to and the differences with conventional scientific practices such as analogical argument, experimentation, and classical simulation.The analysis situates the various forms of analogue quantum simulation on the methodological map of modern science. In doing so, it clarifies the functions that analogue quantum simulation serves in scientific practice. To this end, the authors introduce a number of important terminological distinctions. They establish that analogue quantum ‘computation' and ‘emulation' are distinct scientific practices and lead to distinct forms of scientific understanding. The authors also demonstrate the normative value of the computation vs. emulation distinction at both an epistemic and a pragmatic level.The volume features a range of detailed case studies focusing on: i) cold atom computation of many-body localisation and the Higgs mode; ii) photonic emulation of quantum effects in biological systems; and iii) emulation of Hawing radiation in dispersive optical media. Overall, readers will discover a normative framework to isolate and support the goals of scientists undertaking analogue quantum simulation and emulation. This framework will prove useful to both working scientists and philosophers of science interested in cutting-edge scientific practice.
Analyse der 7. MaRisk-Novelle zum Umgang mit Klima- und Umweltrisiken: Schlussfolgerungen für mittelständische Banken im Licht der EZB-Anforderungen zur vollständigen E(SG)-Umsetzung (Business, Economics, and Law)
by Thomas BöhmDie Europäische Zentralbank stellte in ihrer Mitteilung vom 02. November 2022 klar, dass alle Banken die regulatorischen Anforderungen zum Umgang mit Klima- und Umweltrisiken bis spätestens Ende 2024 vollständig erfüllen müssen. Mit der 7. Novelle hat die Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht (BaFin) ESG-Risiken in ihre Mindestanforderungen an das Risikomanagement (MaRisk) der Banken übernommen. In diesem Werk werden die aufsichtlichen ESG-Erwartungshaltungen von EZB, EBA und BaFin dargelegt und miteinander verglichen. Die Arbeit zeigt Ansätze auf, wie mittelständische Institute angemessen mit Klima- und Umweltrisiken in der Banksteuerung umgehen können. Dabei wird deutlich, dass in einer konsequenten institutsspezifischen Umsetzung, neben der Reduzierung möglicher Risiken, auch viele Chancen in Form neuer Geschäftsfelder, gesteigerter Ertragschancen und Imagegewinn liegen.
Analyse empirischer und experimenteller Daten: Ein kompakter Überblick für Studierende und Anwender (essentials)
by Siegmund BrandtDiese kompakte Einführung enthält die wichtigsten Grundlagen der mathematischen Statistik, die Beschreibung von Messungen und deren Fehler als Ergebnisse von Stichproben und die Methode der kleinsten Quadrate, angewandt auf verschieden schwierige konkrete Beispiele. Zusätzlich werden kurze Hinweise auf weitere Verfahren der Datenanalyse gegeben.
Analysis and Design of Geotechnical Structures
by Manuel Matos FernandesAnalysis and design of geotechnical structures combines, in a single endeavor, a textbook to assist students in understanding the behavior of the main geotechnical works and a guide for practising geotechnical engineers, designers, and consultants. The subjects are treated in line with limit state design, which underpins the Eurocodes and most North America design codes. Instructors and students will value innovative approaches to numerous issues refined by the experience of the author in teaching generations of enthusiastic students. Professionals will gain from its comprehensive treatment of the topics covered in each chapter, supplemented by a plethora of informative material used by consultants and designers. For the benefit of both academics and professionals, conceptual exercises and practical geotechnical design problems are proposed at the end of most chapters. A final annex includes detailed resolutions of the exercises and problems.
Analysis and Design of Gravity Flow Conduits and Buried Bridges
by Timothy J. McGrathThis book covers the structural analysis and design of buried gravity flow conduits, including traditional pipes, arches, box conduits, and buried bridges with spans up to 80 ft (25 m) and greater. The text primarily covers concrete, corrugated metal, and plastic conduits but is generally applicable to other materials. Applications include culverts, storm drains, sewers, and pedestrian and vehicular crossings.The book is intended to introduce the subject to practitioners new to the field, as well as provide detailed information for those with prior experience. The opening chapter presents historical background and basic design models to introduce important concepts and then follows with chapters devoted to materials, soils, soil-conduit interaction, and guidance on the use of finite elements for analysis. Then design methods for evaluating soil-conduit systems are presented, along with guidance on important considerations during installation. The book concludes with field experiences of when things went wrong and why.Analysis and Design of Gravity Flow Conduits and Buried Bridges offers a unified and comprehensive guide for practicing engineers working on buried pipe design, private consultants, and product manufacturers, as well as researchers in the area.
Analysis and Modelling of Water Supply and Demand Under Climate Change, Land Use Transformation and Socio-Economic Development: The Water Resource Challenge and Adaptation Measures for Urumqi Region, Northwest China (Springer Theses)
by Katharina FrickeLocated in a narrow grassland corridor between the semi-desert and a mountain range in Northwest China, the research area Urumqi Region is despite its semi-arid climate in a relatively favourable hydrological situation. The nearby mountains provide water for settlements and agriculture, making human development possible in the first place. Due to the development of agriculture, population and economy during the last sixty years and the increasing water consumption, a demand- and population-driven water scarcity exists today and is expected to aggravate. At the same time, the effects of climate change and land use transformations on the hydrological system and the water availability are uncertain. This study evaluates the recent and future situation by combining a hydrological water balance model for the simulation of the water supply based on scenarios of climate and land use change with a socio-economic model for projecting the future water demand including predicted growth of population and economy.
Analysis, Design and Construction of Foundations
by Y M Cheng Chi Wai Law Lei Lei LiuAnalysis, Design and Construction of Foundations outlines methods for analysis and design of the construction of shallow and deep foundations with particular reference to case studies in Hong Kong and China, as well as a discussion of the methods used in other countries. It introduces the main approaches used by geotechnical and structural engineers, and the precautions required for planning, design and construction of foundation structures. Some computational methods and computer programmes are reviewed to provide tools for performing a more realistic analysis of foundation systems. The authors examine in depth the methods used for constructing shallow foundations, deep foundations, excavation and lateral support systems, slope stability analysis and construction, and ground monitoring for proper site management. Some new and innovative foundation construction methods are also introduced. It is illustrated with case studies of failures and defects from actual construction projects. Some advanced and modern theories are also covered in this book. This book is more targeted towards the understanding of the basic behavior and the actual construction of many geotechnical works, and this book is not dedicated to any design code or specification, though Euro codes and Hong Kong code are also used in this book for illustration. It is ideal for consulting geotechnical engineers, undergraduate and postgraduate students.
Analysis, Design and Construction of Foundations
by Chi Wai Law Leilei Liu Yung Ming ChengAnalysis, Design and Construction of Foundations covers the key concepts in the analysis and design of foundation systems, balancing theory with engineering practice.The book examines in depth the methods used for the analysis, design and construction of shallow foundations, deep foundations, excavation and lateral support systems, slope stability and stabilization and ground monitoring for proper site management. Some new and innovative foundation construction methods are also introduced. It is illustrated with case studies of failures and defects from actual construction projects.This second edition is extensively revised and developed to include a new chapter on numerical methods in geotechnical engineering, as well as a large number of new construction drawings, project photos and construction method statements from existing projects to give the book a stronger professional application and connection to engineering practice. It also covers some new advanced theoretical concepts not covered in other texts, making it useful in both the theoretical and practical aspects. It is ideal for senior undergraduates and graduate students, academics and consulting geotechnical engineers.
Analysis of Capture-Recapture Data (Chapman & Hall/CRC Interdisciplinary Statistics)
by null Rachel S. McCrea null Byron J. MorganAn important first step in studying the demography of wild animals is to identify the animals uniquely through applying markings, such as rings, tags, and bands. Once the animals are encountered again, researchers can study different forms of capture-recapture data to estimate features, such as the mortality and size of the populations. Capture-rec
An Analysis of Cartelized Market Structures for Nonrenewable Resources (Routledge Library Editions: Environmental and Natural Resource Economics)
by Robert A. MarshallaOriginally published in 1979. While the theory of non-renewable resources under competitive and monopolistic market regimes have been relatively well developed, almost no attention has been given to the development of a theoretical framework for analysis of the spectrum of mixed market structure between those extremes. The world oil market structure is an example of such an intermediate market structure. The purpose of this title is to develop such a theoretical framework. The study examines non-renewable resource markets in which a profit maximizing producer cartel co-exists with a non-cartel supply sector, which is alternately modelled as consisting of a collection of competitive firms or as exhibiting other exogenously assumed supply behaviours. This title will be of interest to students of environmental economics.
The Analysis of Diffuse Triple Junction Zones in Plate Tectonics and the Pirate Model of Western Caribbean Tectonics
by D. Fraser KeppieModern researchers in plate tectonics may be concerned with the analysis of distributed deformation across diffuse plate boundaries and triple junction zones. This book extends classic methods of kinematic analysis first developed in the 1960s to the more general scenarios of diffuse deformation zones between plates. The analytic methods presented specifically target the non-rigid deformation implied by unstable triple junction configurations. These methods are then applied to the tectonic evolution of western Caribbean region which provides new ways to test and challenge the established Pacific model of Caribbean tectonics. Possible advantages of the new Pirate model of Caribbean tectonics are discussed in terms of paleo-geography and paleo-ocean connections, as well as mineral and hydrocarbon potential and seismic risks across the region.
Analysis of Engineering Design Studies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons at Pueblo Chemical Depot
by Board on Army Science and Technology Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences Committee on Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for the Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons: Phase II National Research CouncilThe Program Manager for Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment (PMACWA) of the Department of Defense (DOD) requested the National Research Council (NRC) to assess the engineering design studies (EDSs) developed by Parsons/Honeywell and General Atomics for a chemical demilitarization facility to completely dispose of the assembled chemical weapons at the Pueblo Chemical Depot in Pueblo, Colorado. To accomplish the task, the NRC formed the Committee on Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons: Phase II (ACW II Committee). This report presents the results of the committee's scientific and technical assessment, which will assist the Office of the Secretary of Defense in selecting the technology package for destroying the chemical munitions at Pueblo. The committee evaluated the engineering design packages proposed by the technology providers and the associated experimental studies that were performed to validate unproven unit operations. A significant part of the testing program involved expanding the technology base for the hydrolysis of energetic materials associated with assembled weapons. This process was a concern expressed by the Committee on Review and Evaluation of Alternative Technologies for Demilitarization of Assembled Chemical Weapons (ACW I Committee) in its original report in 1999 (NRC, 1999). The present study took place as the experimental studies were in progress. In some cases, tests for some of the supporting unit operations were not completed in time for the committee to incorporate results into its evaluation. In those cases, the committee identified and discussed potential problem areas in these operations. Based on its expertise and its aggressive data-gathering activities, the committee was able to conduct a comprehensive review of the test data that had been completed for the overall system design. This report summarizes the study.
Analysis Of Global Change Assessments Lessons Learned
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesGlobal change assessments inform decision makers about the scientific underpinnings of a range of environmental issues, such as climate change, stratospheric ozone depletion, and loss of biodiversity. Dozens of assessments have been conducted to date by various U.S. and international groups, many of them influencing public policies, technology development, and research directions. This report analyzes strengths and weaknesses of eight past assessments to inform future efforts. Common elements of effective assessments include strong leadership, extensive engagement with interested and affected parties, a transparent science-policy interface, and well defined communication strategies. The report identifies 11 essential elements of effective assessments and recommends that future assessments include decision support tools that make use of information at the regional and local level where decisions are made.
Analysis of Heat Equations on Domains
by El Maati OuhabazThis is the first comprehensive reference published on heat equations associated with non self-adjoint uniformly elliptic operators. The author provides introductory materials for those unfamiliar with the underlying mathematics and background needed to understand the properties of heat equations. He then treats Lp properties of solutions to a wide class of heat equations that have been developed over the last fifteen years. These primarily concern the interplay of heat equations in functional analysis, spectral theory and mathematical physics. This book addresses new developments and applications of Gaussian upper bounds to spectral theory. In particular, it shows how such bounds can be used in order to prove Lp estimates for heat, Schrödinger, and wave type equations. A significant part of the results have been proved during the last decade. The book will appeal to researchers in applied mathematics and functional analysis, and to graduate students who require an introductory text to sesquilinear form techniques, semigroups generated by second order elliptic operators in divergence form, heat kernel bounds, and their applications. It will also be of value to mathematical physicists. The author supplies readers with several references for the few standard results that are stated without proofs.
Analysis of Heat Equations on Domains. (LMS-31)
by El-Maati OuhabazThis is the first comprehensive reference published on heat equations associated with non self-adjoint uniformly elliptic operators. The author provides introductory materials for those unfamiliar with the underlying mathematics and background needed to understand the properties of heat equations. He then treats Lp properties of solutions to a wide class of heat equations that have been developed over the last fifteen years. These primarily concern the interplay of heat equations in functional analysis, spectral theory and mathematical physics.This book addresses new developments and applications of Gaussian upper bounds to spectral theory. In particular, it shows how such bounds can be used in order to prove Lp estimates for heat, Schrödinger, and wave type equations. A significant part of the results have been proved during the last decade.The book will appeal to researchers in applied mathematics and functional analysis, and to graduate students who require an introductory text to sesquilinear form techniques, semigroups generated by second order elliptic operators in divergence form, heat kernel bounds, and their applications. It will also be of value to mathematical physicists. The author supplies readers with several references for the few standard results that are stated without proofs.
Analysis of Hydrogeochemical Vulnerability (Springer Hydrogeology)
by Robyn Hannigan Constantin MoraruThis monograph instructs the reader on how to analyze the hydrogeochemical vulnerability. It introduces notions of geochemical signals, points of migration of pollutants in the unsaturated zone, and new hydrogeochemical classifications. Three test sites in the USA, Germany, and Moldova are described as case studies accompanied by illustrative data. The authors presuppose for future readers only the background mathematics and elementary knowledge of hydrogeology. The presented methodology is both for local and regional assessments. It is simple, does not need implication of high qualification specialists and can be applied to test the groundwater quality. The book is useful for undergraduate, graduate, master, and PhD students as well as water quality specialists, ecologists and geology professionals.
Analysis of Pile Foundations Subject to Static and Dynamic Loading
by Amir M. KayniaThis book presents computational tools and design principles for piles used in a wide range of applications and for different loading conditions. The chapters provide a mixture of basic engineering solutions and latest research findings in a balanced manner. The chapters are written by top experts in the field. The materials are presented in a unified manner based on both simplified and rigorous numerical methods. The first four chapters present the basic elements and steps in analysis of piles under static and cyclic loading together with clear references to the appropriate design regulations in Eurocode 7 when relevant. The analysis techniques cover conventional code-based methods, solutions based on pile-soil interaction springs, and advanced 3D finite element methods. The applications range from conventional piles to large circular steel piles used as anchors or monopiles in offshore applications. Chapters 5 to 10 are devoted to dynamic and earthquake analyses and design. These chapters cover a range of solutions from dynamic pile-soil springs to elasto-dynamic solutions of large pile groups. Both linear and nonlinear soil behaviours are considered along with response due to dynamic loads and earthquake shaking including possible liquefaction. The book is unique in its unified treatment of the solutions used for static and dynamic analysis of piles with practical examples of application. The book is considered a valuable tool for practicing engineers, graduate students and researchers.
Analysis of the Gravity Field: Direct and Inverse Problems (Lecture Notes in Geosystems Mathematics and Computing)
by Fernando Sansò Daniele SampietroThis textbook presents a comprehensive treatment of the theory and implementation of inverse methods in the analysis and interpretation of Earth’s gravity field. By restricting their consideration to a local rather than global level, the authors focus on the use of observations and data that are more sensitive to local mass anomalies. All necessary theoretical aspects are reformulated in terms of a Euclidean framework so that less complex tools from mathematical analysis can be utilized.Divided into three parts, the text begins with a review of basic mathematical properties of gravitation, computing gravity from mass distributions, and relevant methods from Fourier analysis. In the second part of the text, the Earth’s gravity field and its properties are introduced, and the preprocessing and processing of gravity data are explored. Finally, elementary inverse theory is discussed, after which the general inversion problem is considered via application of both the Tikhonov deterministic approach and a stochastic MCMC model. Throughout, examples and exercises are provided to both clarify material and to illustrate real-word applications for readers. Analysis of the Gravity Field: Direct and Inverse Problems is carefully written to be accessible to both mathematicians and geophysicists without sacrificing mathematical rigor. Readers should have a familiarity with the basics of mathematical analysis, as well as some knowledge of statistics and probability theory. Detailed proofs of more advanced results are relegated to appendices so that readers can concentrate on solution algorithms.
Analysis of Urban Growth and Sprawl from Remote Sensing Data (Advances in Geographic Information Science)
by Basudeb BhattaThis book provides a comprehensive discussion on urban growth and sprawl, and how they can be analyzed using remote sensing imageries. It compiles views of numerous researchers that help in understanding the urban growth and sprawl; their patterns, process, causes, consequences, and countermeasures; how remote sensing data and geographic information system techniques can be used in mapping, monitoring, measuring, analyzing, and simulating the urban growth and sprawl and what are the merits and demerits of available methods and models. This book will be of value for the scientists and researchers engaged in urban geographic research, especially using remote sensing imageries. This book will serve as a rigours literature review for them. Post graduate students of urban geography or urban/regional planning may refer this book as additional studies. This book may help the academicians for preparing lecture notes and delivering lectures. Industry professionals may also be benefited from the discussed methods and models along with numerous citations.
Analytic Combinatorics
by Philippe Flajolet Robert SedgewickAnalytic Combinatorics is a self-contained treatment of the mathematics underlying the analysis of discrete structures, which has emerged over the past several decades as an essential tool in the understanding of properties of computer programs and scientific models with applications in physics, biology and chemistry. Thorough treatment of a large number of classical applications is an essential aspect of the presentation. Written by the leaders in the field of analytic combinatorics, this text is certain to become the definitive reference on the topic. The text is complemented with exercises, examples, appendices and notes to aid understanding therefore, it can be used as the basis for an advanced undergraduate or a graduate course on the subject, or for self-study.
Analytic Methods in Geomechanics
by null Kam-tim ChauA multidisciplinary field, encompassing both geophysics and civil engineering, geomechanics deals with the deformation and failure process in geomaterials such as soil and rock. Although powerful numerical tools have been developed, analytical solutions still play an important role in solving practical problems in this area. Analytic Methods in Geomechanics provides a much-needed text on mathematical theory in geomechanics, beneficial for readers of varied backgrounds entering this field.Written for scientists and engineers who have had some exposure to engineering mathematics and strength of materials, the text covers major topics in tensor analysis, 2-D elasticity, and 3-D elasticity, plasticity, fracture mechanics, and viscoelasticity. It also discusses the use of displacement functions in poroelasticity, the basics of wave propagations, and dynamics that are relevant to the modeling of geomaterials. The book presents both the fundamentals and more advanced content for understanding the latest research results and applying them to practical problems in geomechanics.The author gives concise explanations of each subject area, using a step-by-step process with many worked examples. He strikes a balance between breadth of material and depth of details, and includes recommended reading in each chapter for readers who would like additional technical information. This text is suitable for students at both undergraduate and graduate levels, as well as for professionals and researchers.
Analytic Solutions for Flows Through Cascades (Springer Theses)
by Peter Jonathan BaddooThis thesis is concerned with flows through cascades, i.e. periodic arrays of obstacles. Such geometries are relevant to a range of physical scenarios, chiefly the aerodynamics and aeroacoustics of turbomachinery flows. Despite the fact that turbomachinery is of paramount importance to a number of industries, many of the underlying mechanisms in cascade flows remain opaque. In order to clarify the function of different physical parameters, the author considers six separate problems. For example, he explores the significance of realistic blade geometries in predicting turbomachinery performance, and the possibility that porous blades can achieve noise reductions. In order to solve these challenging problems, the author deploys and indeed develops techniques from across the spectrum of complex analysis: the Wiener–Hopf method, Riemann–Hilbert problems, and the Schottky–Klein prime function all feature prominently. These sophisticated tools are then used to elucidate the underlying mathematical and physical structures present in cascade flows. The ensuing solutions greatly extend previous works and offer new avenues for future research. The results are not of simply academic value but are also useful for aircraft designers seeking to balance aeroacoustic and aerodynamic effects.
Analytic Tools for Feynman Integrals (Springer Tracts in Modern Physics #250)
by Vladimir A. SmirnovThe goal of this book is to describe the most powerful methods for evaluating multiloop Feynman integrals that are currently used in practice. This book supersedes the author's previous Springer book "Evaluating Feynman Integrals" and its textbook version "Feynman Integral Calculus." Since the publication of these two books, powerful new methods have arisen and conventional methods have been improved on in essential ways. A further qualitative change is the fact that most of the methods and the corresponding algorithms have now been implemented in computer codes which are often public. In comparison to the two previous books, three new chapters have been added: One is on sector decomposition, while the second describes a new method by Lee. The third new chapter concerns the asymptotic expansions of Feynman integrals in momenta and masses, which were described in detail in another Springer book, "Applied Asymptotic Expansions in Momenta and Masses," by the author. This chapter describes, on the basis of papers that appeared after the publication of said book, how to algorithmically discover the regions relevant to a given limit within the strategy of expansion by regions. In addition, the chapters on the method of Mellin-Barnes representation and on the method of integration by parts have been substantially rewritten, with an emphasis on the corresponding algorithms and computer codes.