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Hydrology
by Wilfried BrutsaertWater in its different forms has always been a source of wonder, curiosity, and practical concern for humans everywhere. This textbook presents a coherent introduction to many of the concepts and relationships needed to describe the distribution and transport of water in the natural environment.
Hydrology and Global Environmental Change (Understanding Global Environmental Change)
by Nigel W. ArnellHydrology and Global Environmental Change presents the hydrological contribution to, and consequences of, global environmental change. Assuming little or no prior knowledge on the part of the reader, the book looks at the main processes of global environmental change - global scale processes, large regional processes, repetitive processes - and how the hydrological cycle, processes and regimes impact on GEC and vice-versa.
Hydrology and Hydrologic Modelling: Proceedings of 26th International Conference on Hydraulics, Water Resources and Coastal Engineering (HYDRO 2021) (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #312)
by P. V. Timbadiya P. L. Patel Vijay P. Singh Priyank J. SharmaThis book comprises the proceedings of the 26th International Conference on Hydraulics, Water Resources and Coastal Engineering (HYDRO 2021) focusing on broad spectrum of emerging opportunities and challenges in the field of hydrology and hydrological modelling. It covers a range of topics, including, but not limited to, ground water modelling and management, integrated water resources and watershed management, surface water hydrology, drought assessment and mitigation, risk, reliability and design of hydrologic system, etc. Presenting recent advances in the form of illustrations, tables, and text, it offers readers insights for their own research. In addition, the book addresses fundamental concepts and studies in the field of hydrology and hydrological modelling, making it a valuable resource for both beginners and researchers wanting to further their understanding of hydraulics, water resources and coastal engineering.
Hydrology and Its Discontents: Contemplations on the Innate Paradoxes of Water Research
by John T. Van Stan II Jack SimmonsThis book examines the intricate web linking water science and society using diverse philosophical lenses. Highlighting the tensions within the threads of this web, we spotlight major conceptual tightropes that water researchers tread daily. To effectively navigate these delicate threads, a 'healthy' tension in the encompassing web is necessary. Drawing inspiration from Freud's examination of tensions in "Society and Its Discontents," we illuminate the tension-filled paradoxes inherent to water science, emphasizing the challenges in keeping these paradoxical threads taut enough to ensure a navigable and sustainable bond with society. Central to our narrative is the escalating societal urge to quantify and 'manage' water—something interwoven throughout every environmental layer, including the fabric of our being. An excessive focus on management may alienate users from their water realities, jeopardizing the vital threads that sustainability tether water science and society. Consequently, this book explores compelling and inescapable tensions that resist tidy universal resolution, such as: the language of water science, including its mathematical reductions (i.e., models); the effect of water's commodification on its science; hydrology’s intersection with colonialism; and other concerns that reveal distortions in our hydrology. We aim to aid water professionals in recognizing and fine-tuning the paradoxes intrinsic to their work. To underscore the interwoven complexity of contemporary hydrology, "Hydrology and Its Discontents" guides readers into the tempestuous depths of water research, all the while urging a recalibration of perspectives and motivations.
Hydrology and Limnology of Central Asia (Water Resources Development and Management)
by Jilili Abuduwaili Gulnura Issanova Galymzhan SaparovThis book highlights the development of lake systems and water reservoirs as well as the impact of climate change on water resources in Central Asian countries. It provides information on the genesis of lake basins, physical and chemical properties of water in lakes, and the hydrological regimes (water balance and fluctuation levels) of lakes of Central Asia and Xinjiang. The book is useful for scientists and researchers whose work focuses on lakes and the use of natural resources, irrigation, hydropower and water supply, as well as for students and planners.
Hydrology and Water Resources: Volume 5- Additional Volume International Conference on Water Resources Management in Arid Regions, 23-27 March 2002, Kuwait
by Boca RatonThis is the fifth and last volume representing the proceedings of the International Conference on Water Resources Management in Arid Regions held March 23rd-27th 2002 in Kuwait. This book discusses major aspects of hydrology and water resources. It presents papers on important aspects of surface water and groundwater hydrology, including drought tendencies, regional flood frequency analysis, urban storm drainage with curb-opening inlets, isotopic investigations for lakes, hydrologic and sediment transport modeling, groundwater exploration using remote sensing and GIS, origin and recharge rates of alluvial ground waters, stormwater and groundwater management, and considerations for stochastic finite element in geostatistics and modeling. Papers on water quality supplement the discussion.
Hydrology in a Changing World: Challenges in Modeling (Springer Water)
by Shailesh Kumar Singh C. T. DhanyaThis book offers a comprehensive overview of the challenges in hydrological modeling. Hydrology, on both a local and global scale, has undergone dramatic changes, largely due to variations in climate, population growth and the associated land-use and land-cover changes. Written by experts in the field, the book provides decision-makers with a better understanding of the science, impacts, and consequences of these climate and land-use changes on hydrology. Further, offering insights into how the changing behavior of hydrological processes, related uncertainties and their evolution affect the modeling process, it is of interest for all researchers and practitioners using hydrological modeling.
The Hydrology of the UK: A Study of Change (Routledge Environmental Management)
by Mike AcremanThe Hydrology of the UK assesses the changing hydrology of the UK, focusing on key issues that affect the fundamental hydrological processes and have important implications for water resource management, flood risk and environmental quality. The bookis divided into 3 sections: Section 1 examines the causes of change to the hydrology of the UK, including the impact of climate change, land use and geomorphological change, and dam construction. Section 2 assesses the effects of these pressures on UK rivers, goundwater, lakes, ponds, reservoirs and wetlands, looking at water quality, degradation, pollution and protection. Section 3 examines the responses of goverment organisations responsible for planning and management of water, including Environment Agencies, British Hydrological Society and the growing urgency for a World Hydrology Initiative.Change will continue to be a major feature of UK hydrology in the future. This book provides an understanding of the changing hydrology of the UK and the international scene today and looks to the needs for the future.
Hydromagmatic Processes and Platinum-Group Element Deposits in Layered Intrusions
by Alan BoudreauThe role of hydrothermal fluids during the crystallization of layered intrusions and the ore deposits they contain has long been debated. This book summarizes the evidence for fluid-crystal-liquid (hydromagmatic) interactions and their importance for the understanding of the formation of platinum-group deposits in layered intrusions. It discusses the composition of igneous fluids in mafic magmatic systems, the generation and movement of these fluids in layered intrusions, their impact in altering the mineralogy and composition of the originally precipitated assemblages, and their role in the transport of the platinum-group elements (PGE). Using examples from the Bushveld complex of South Africa and other intrusions, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the hydromagmatic model for the origin of various features of layered intrusions. It is a useful reference for academic researchers and professional geologists working on economic mineral exploration, layered igneous intrusions, and hydrothermal metallogenesis.
Hydrometeorological Extreme Events and Public Health (Hydrometeorological Extreme Events)
by Franziska Matthies-Wiesler Philippe QuevauvillerHYDROMETEOROLOGICAL EXTREME EVENTS AND PUBLIC HEALTHs p>CONTINGENCY PLANNING FOR INCREASED FLOODS AND DROUGHTS RESULTING FROM CLIMATE CHANGE TO PROTECT HUMAN HEALTH Hydrometeorological Extreme Events and Public Health outlines the links between climate change, trends in hydrometeorological extreme events, and the effects on human health, and describes new developments in health adaptation and disaster risk management. The work provides technical facts, examples of international and national approaches and scientific projects, and covers key issues such as multi-sectoral collaboration, disaster preparedness, response and recovery, as well as stakeholder involvement, and costs. Readers will find: Specific observed and projected health effects of heavy precipitation events, floods, and droughts A comprehensive analysis of recent studies on the health costs of extreme weather events A discussion of the impact and interdependency of international health and climate agreements For professionals working in the areas of hydrology, disaster management and prevention, and in the public health sector, Hydrometeorological Extreme Events and Public Health serves as a comprehensive resource on new challenges resulting from climate change and on how we can plan for and adapt to this uncharted territory to protect human lives and human health. The book is the fifth volume of the Hydrometeorological Extreme Events Series.
Hydrometeorological Hazards: Interfacing Science and Policy (Hydrometeorological Extreme Events)
by Philippe QuevauvillerRecent hydrometeorological extreme events have highlighted the increased exposure and vulnerability of societies and the need to strengthen the knowledge-base of related policies. Current research is focused on improving forecasting, prediction and early warning capabilities in order to improve the assessment of vulnerability and risks linked to extreme climatic events. Hydrometeorological Hazards: Interfacing science and policy is the first volume of a series which will gather scientific and policy-related knowledge related to climate-related extreme events. Invited authors are internationally recognized experts in their respective fields. This volume reflects the most recent advances in science and policy within this field and takes a multidisciplinary approach. The book provides the reader with a state-of-the art account on flash floods, droughts, storms, and a comprehensive discussion focused on the cost of natural hazards, resilience and adaptation. This book will be an invaluable reference for advanced undergraduates taking courses with a focus on natural hazards including climate-related extreme events. The book will also be of interest to postgraduates, researchers and policy makers in this field looking for an overview of the subject.
Hydrometeorology (Advancing Weather and Climate Science)
by Christopher G. CollierHydrometeorology presents an introduction to relevant topics in the interdisciplinary fields of hydrology and meteorology. This book is one of the few books aiming to provide a balance between aspects of meteorological and hydrological processes. The transfer of energy and water between the land surface and lower atmosphere within the hydrological cycle is addressed followed by a description of the nature of precipitation, and how it is formed. Forecasting precipitation is reviewed on all scales, and the range of rainfall-runoff models and coastal surge models and forecasts (including tsunamis) which have been, and are being, used are discussed. The mechanisms of snow, ice (glacier, sea and tundra), evaporation and transpiration, how drought occurs and the representation of wind are described. How rainfall (including radar measurements) and river flow information is gathered and analysed (including, frequency analysis, Probable Maximum Precipitation and Flood) are presented. Satellite measurements of precipitation are discussed. Examples of major past floods and droughts are given. Past and future climate change, which is included, underpins the importance of hydro-meteorological processes. The structure of the general circulation of the atmosphere and how it influences weather and climate including the Hadley, Ferrel and Polar cells, the Trade winds and the El Nino, is outlined. Finally, the influence of urban areas on rainfall formation, dealing with urban drainage and air quality are described. Each chapter ends with one or two specific points as appendices, elements discussed in the chapter and a list of sample problems to aid understanding. Readership: This book is aimed at 3rd year undergraduate and postgraduate students on hydrology/hydrometeorology, environmental science and geography courses. Professionals in environmental protection agencies and consultancies will also find the book of great interest. It contains a balance of both the physics and mathematics which underpin such courses and activities.
Hydrometeorology
by Kevin SeneThis book describes recent developments in hydrometeorological forecasting techniques for a range of timescales, from short term to seasonal and longer terms. Following an introduction to measurement and modelling techniques, subsequent chapters discuss a range of practical applications in flood and drought forecasting, climate change and environmental impact assessments, water resources and water quality studies, agriculture, hydropower, river basin management. The book is useful for civil engineering, water resources, meteorology and hydrology courses for post-graduate students, but is primarily intended as a state-of-the-art review for a wider audience. Kevin Sene is a civil engineer and researcher with wide experience in flood forecasting, water resources and hydrometeorological studies. He has published some 45 scientific and conference papers on topics in hydrology, hydrometeorology and hydraulics.
Hydrometeorology: Forecasting and Applications
by Kevin SeneAn award-winning text introducing the latest operational hydrometeorological forecasting and warning techniques for flood, drought, reservoir, hydropower, irrigation, water supply and water pollution applications. Hydrometeorology: Forecasting and Applications is the latest edition of this award-winning book intended for practicing engineers and scientists. It also provides useful background for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in engineering, earth sciences, environmental sciences, geography, meteorology and hydrology. Operational examples include applications from the USA, UK, the Netherlands, Bangladesh and Nepal. Throughout, there is a focus on end-to-end warning systems, forecast uncertainty and risk-based and impact-based approaches. Hydrological forecasting topics include rainfall-runoff, flow routing, data assimilation, forecast verification and ensemble techniques. There are also updates to the text on weather radar, satellite precipitation estimates, hydrometry, low cost monitoring, numerical weather prediction, demand forecasting and dissemination of warnings, including the role of social media and citizen science. Applications include national and community based flood warning systems, flash flood guidance, famine and drought early warning systems, reservoir operations, and surface water, debris flow, ice jam, bathing water and harmful algal bloom alerts. Seasonal forecasting, land surface and global hydrological models are now discussed in more detail, including the opportunities from ‘Big Data’ and artificial intelligence, and a new chapter discusses approaches to predicting the hydrological impacts of climate change. The extensive sets of references have been revised and updated. “There are few books that have ever attempted to discuss all aspects of hydrometeorology in one volume. This one does so.” From a review of the 1st edition in the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. Kevin Sene FRGS, FRMetS, CEng (MICE) is a scientist and writer with wide experience in flood risk management, water resources and hydrometeorology. His previous publications include books on flood warning, forecasting and emergency response and flash flood forecasting and warning (Springer, 2008, 2013).
Hydrometrie: Theorie und Praxis der Durchflussmessung in offenen Gerinnen (VDI-Buch)
by Gerd MorgenschweisDie Kenntnis der in einem Gew#65533;sser (Fluss, Kanal) flie#65533;enden Wassermenge und ihrer r#65533;umlichen und zeitlichen Varianz ist eine wesentliche Grundlage f#65533;r die Bemessung von Wasserbauwerken sowie die rationale Bewirtschaftung der Ressource Wasser. Um das pro Zeiteinheit durchflie#65533;ende Wasservolumen, den Durchfluss, messtechnisch zu erfassen, gibt es seit Jahrhunderten eingesetzte traditionelle Verfahren, aber auch in den letzten Jahren vermehrt ,,neue" Messverfahren, die aufgrund des zunehmenden Einsatzes von Elektronik in der Mess- und Regeltechnik m#65533;glich geworden sind. Aufbauend auf den physikalischen Grundlagen behandelt der Autor die M#65533;glichkeiten und Grenzen der einzelnen Messverfahren, bei ihrem Einsatz unter den rauen Umweltbedingungen von Feldmessungen in kleinen und gro#65533;en Fl#65533;ssen sowie in Zu- und Abl#65533;ufen von Kl#65533;ranlagen. Anhand von Beispielen aus der nationalen und internationalen Messpraxis sowie mit ausgef#65533;hrten Berechnungsbeispielen werden Kriterien f#65533;r die Wahl der geeigneten Messtechnik aufgezeigt. Der Leser findet viele L#65533;sungsm#65533;glichkeiten f#65533;r konkrete Fragestellungen.
Hydrometrie
by Gerd MorgenschweisDie Kenntnis der in einem Gewässer (Fluss, Kanal) fließenden Wassermenge und ihrer räumlichen und zeitlichen Varianz ist eine wesentliche Grundlage für die Bemessung von Wasserbauwerken sowie die rationale Bewirtschaftung der Ressource Wasser. Um das pro Zeiteinheit durchfließende Wasservolumen, den Durchfluss, messtechnisch zu erfassen, gibt es seit Jahrhunderten eingesetzte traditionelle Verfahren, aber auch in den letzten Jahren vermehrt "neue" Messverfahren, die aufgrund des zunehmenden Einsatzes von Elektronik in der Mess- und Regeltechnik möglich geworden sind. Aufbauend auf den physikalischen Grundlagen behandelt der Autor die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der einzelnen Messverfahren, bei ihrem Einsatz unter den rauen Umweltbedingungen von Feldmessungen in kleinen und großen Flüssen sowie in Zu- und Abläufen von Kläranlagen. Anhand von Beispielen aus der nationalen und internationalen Messpraxis sowie mit ausgeführten Berechnungsbeispielen werden Kriterien für die Wahl der geeigneten Messtechnik aufgezeigt. Der Leser findet viele Lösungsmöglichkeiten für konkrete Fragestellungen.
Hydropolitics: The Itaipu Dam, Sovereignty, and the Engineering of Modern South America (Princeton Studies in Culture and Technology #20)
by Professor Christine FolchAn in-depth look at the people and institutions connected with the Itaipu Dam, the world’s biggest producer of renewable energyHydropolitics is a groundbreaking investigation of the world’s largest power plant and the ways the energy we use shapes politics and economics. Itaipu Binational Hydroelectric Dam straddles the Paraná River border that divides the two countries that equally co-own the dam, Brazil and Paraguay. It generates the carbon-free electricity that powers industry in both the giant of South America and one of the smallest economies of the region. Based on unprecedented access to energy decision makers, Christine Folch reveals how Paraguayans harness the dam to engineer wealth, power, and sovereignty, demonstrating how energy capture influences social structures.During the dam’s construction under the right-wing military government of Alfredo Stroessner and later during the leftist presidency of liberation theologian Fernando Lugo, the dam became central to debates about development, governance, and prosperity. Dams not only change landscapes; Folch asserts that the properties of water, transmuted by dams, change states. She argues that the dam converts water into electricity and money to produce hydropolitics through its physical infrastructure, the financial liquidity of energy monies, and the international legal agreements managing transboundary water resources between Brazil and Paraguay, and their neighbors Argentina, Bolivia, and Uruguay.Looking at the fraught political discussions about the future of the world’s single largest producer of renewable energy, Hydropolitics explores how this massive public works project touches the lives of all who are linked to it.
Hydroponics and Environmental Bioremediation: Wastewater Treatment (Springer Water)
by Nitish KumarBioremediation is the use of biological interventions for mitigation of the noxious effects caused by pollutants in the environment including wastewater. It is very useful approach for a variety of applications in the area of environmental protection. It has become an attractive alternative to the conventional clean-up technologies that employ plants and their associated microorganisms to remove, contain, or render harmless environmental contaminants.Hydroponic systems, which utilize plants which are grown in a nutrient solution without soil, are expanding and raising great interest in the commercial and scientific community. They are engineered systems designed and constructed to utilize the natural processes involving macrophytes, media, and the associated microbial assemblages to assist in treating wastewaters. This is a relatively new approach in wastewater treatment by which a variety of emergent macrophytes are grown hydroponically on top of floating platforms with their roots developing freely into the flowing wastewater. The roots provide a support medium for attached microbial growth which participates in the treatment process.
Hydroponics and Protected Cultivation: A Practical Guide
by Dr Lynette MorganA comprehensive, practical text which covers a diverse range of hydroponic and protected cropping techniques, systems, greenhouse types and environments. It also details the use of indoor plant factories, vertical systems, organic hydroponics and aquaponics. Worldwide hydroponic cropping operations can vary from large, corporate producers running many hectares of greenhouse systems particularly for crops such as tomato, cucumber, capsicum and lettuce, to smaller-scale growers growing fresh produce for local markets. Included in this book: Detailed technical information to help growers and students to design and run their own hydroponic operations. In-depth research to explain the factors that influence plant growth, produce quality, post-harvest life and hydroponic plant nutrition. New advances such as the use of organic nutrients and substrates, completely enclosed indoor plant factories and the growing number of small-scale, non-commercial applications. Hydroponics and Protected Cultivation is fully illustrated with colour images and photographs to illustrate key topics and help identify problem areas. It is suitable for growers, researchers and students in horticulture.
Hydropower in the New Millennium: Proceedings of the 4th International Conference Hydropower, Bergen, Norway, 20-22 June 2001
by Bjørn Honningsvåg Grethe Holm Midttømme Kjell Repp Kjetil Arne Vaskinn Trond WesterenThe power sector has undergone a liberalization process both in industrialized and developing countries, involving market regimes, as well as ownership structure. These processes have called for new and innovative concepts, affecting both the operation of existing hydropower plants and transmission facilities, as well as the development and implementation of new projects. At the same time a sharper focus is being placed on environmental considerations. In this context it is important to emphasize the obvious benefits of hydropower as a clean, renewable and sustainable energy source. It is however also relevant to focus on the impact on the local environment during the planning and operation of hydropower plants. New knowledge and methods have been developed that make it possible to mitigate the local undesirable effects of such projects. Development and operation of modern power systems require sophisticated technology. Continuous research and development in this field is therefore crucial to maintaining hydropower as a competitive and environmentally well-accepted form of power generation.
Hydropower Screws: Calculation and Optimal Design of Archimedean Screws
by Dirk Michael NuernbergkWater screw conveyors have been in use for centuries. Their invention is attributed to Archimedes. However, the idea of using this Archimedean screw also as a hydropower screw to convert hydraulic energy into electrical energy did not emerge until the 1990s. More recently, hydropower screws have been used very frequently at hydropower sites and have now also attracted increasing interest from scientists and users worldwide. This is due to the machine's very good efficiency, it's simple and inexpensive design, and its fish compatibility. This book provides calculation fundamentals for hydropower screws. The author focuses on the description of the hydraulic processes and gives a design flow that can be used to design hydropower screws. The hydraulic behavior, dimensions, speed, efficiency, forces acting on the screw such as sag or lift, as well as the arrangement of the gearbox and the choice of generator are discussed. The theoretical equations, some of which are newly derived, are applied using examples. Finally, a design flow is given that can be used to easily adapt an optimally designed hydropower screw to a location. New findings presented in various scientific publications have been incorporated into the translation of the second German edition. In addition, experiments were carried out at different locations, which led to a better understanding of the available data basis. This has allowed the theoretical predictions of this book to be confirmed experimentally. In addition, the author has investigated a number of faulty installations and has been involved in the design of successful working waterpower plants equipped with hydropower screws.
The Hyena Scientist (Scientists in the Field Series)
by Sy Montgomery Nic BishopThis myth-busting new addition to the critically acclaimed Scientists in the Field series by Sibert medal winning team Sy Montgomery and Nic Bishop is perfect for nonfiction readers looking for more female scientist narratives, or a fresh perspective on an underrepresented animal—Hyenas! Timely and inspiring, The Hyena Scientist sets the record straight about one of history’s most hated and misunderstood mammals, while featuring the groundbreaking, pioneering research of a female scientist in a predominately male field in this offering by Sibert-winning duo Sy Montgomery and Nic Bishop. As a scientist studying one of the only mammalian societies led entirely by females, zoologist Kay Holecamp has made it her life’s work to understand hyenas, the fascinating, complex creatures that are playful, social, and highly intelligent—almost nothing like the mangy monsters of pop culture lore.
Hygrothermal Behaviour and Building Pathologies (Building Pathology and Rehabilitation #14)
by J. M. P. Q. DelgadoThis book presents recent research in the area of construction pathology, hygrothermal behaviour of buildings, service life and diagnostic techniques, and highlights the latest developments in building physics, hygrothermal behaviour, durability and numerical models applied to building materials analysis. Discussing the state of the art in the field, and covering topics relevant to variety of engineering disciplines, such as civil, materials and mechanical engineering, it will appeal to scientists, students, practitioners, lecturers and other stakeholders.
Hyper City
by NasFirst published in 2006. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.