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Machine Learning kompakt: Ein Einstieg für Studierende der Naturwissenschaften (essentials)
by Kenny Choo Eliska Greplova Mark H. Fischer Titus NeupertDieses essential befasst sich mit Anwendungen des maschinellen Lernens in verschiedenen Bereichen der Naturwissenschaften. Es behandelt geläufige Strukturen und Algorithmen, um Daten mit den Techniken des maschinellen Lernens zu analysieren. Zunächst werden Methoden eingeführt, die an klassischen statistischen Analysen andocken und auf soliderem mathematischem Fundament stehen. Die Autoren machen mit den verschiedenen Strukturen für künstliche neuronale Netzwerke vertraut und zeigen die jeweiligen Anwendungsgebiete.
Machine Learning Meets Quantum Physics (Lecture Notes in Physics #968)
by Kristof T. Schütt Stefan Chmiela O. Anatole von Lilienfeld Alexandre Tkatchenko Koji Tsuda Klaus-Robert MüllerDesigning molecules and materials with desired properties is an important prerequisite for advancing technology in our modern societies. This requires both the ability to calculate accurate microscopic properties, such as energies, forces and electrostatic multipoles of specific configurations, as well as efficient sampling of potential energy surfaces to obtain corresponding macroscopic properties. Tools that can provide this are accurate first-principles calculations rooted in quantum mechanics, and statistical mechanics, respectively. Unfortunately, they come at a high computational cost that prohibits calculations for large systems and long time-scales, thus presenting a severe bottleneck both for searching the vast chemical compound space and the stupendously many dynamical configurations that a molecule can assume. To overcome this challenge, recently there have been increased efforts to accelerate quantum simulations with machine learning (ML). This emerging interdisciplinary community encompasses chemists, material scientists, physicists, mathematicians and computer scientists, joining forces to contribute to the exciting hot topic of progressing machine learning and AI for molecules and materials. The book that has emerged from a series of workshops provides a snapshot of this rapidly developing field. It contains tutorial material explaining the relevant foundations needed in chemistry, physics as well as machine learning to give an easy starting point for interested readers. In addition, a number of research papers defining the current state-of-the-art are included. The book has five parts (Fundamentals, Incorporating Prior Knowledge, Deep Learning of Atomistic Representations, Atomistic Simulations and Discovery and Design), each prefaced by editorial commentary that puts the respective parts into a broader scientific context.
Machu Picchu in Context: Interdisciplinary Approaches to the Study of Human Past
by Nicola Masini Mariusz Ziółkowski José M. BastanteThis book aims at integrating archaeology with science in order to provide additional information with respect to a traditional archaeological anthropological perspective. It sheds light on Incan culture, the relation between human frequentation and environmental changes, the Incan architecture in relation with Andean cosmovision using, for the first time, diverse technological and scientific approaches including LiDAR remote sensing, geophysics and radio carbon dating. A number of recent studies conducted by Polish, Italian and Peruvian scientific missions in Machu Picchu, Chachabamba and Cusco are presented and discussed.Chapter 5 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
Macro-Economics of Mineral and Water Resources
by Kaulir Kisor ChatterjeeThis book highlights the indispensability of minerals, the vulnerability of humans and issues faced by governments around the world regarding the management of natural resources. It addresses the growing land-ecology-mining conflicts, energy security and water policies of different countries bringing these issues into focus and critically analyzing them. The book discusses the role of governments regarding the security-centric issues pertaining to sustainability of mineral supply and the welfare-centric aspects of sustainable development of mineral resources. The latter includes the current trends for corporate social responsibility, political viability of mining projects, industrial ethics, human health and human resource development. The Annexure I is unique: It is a list of 925 familiar consumer products and processes with the names of the minerals, metals and rocks as well as the intermediate chemicals and alloys that go into the making of that product or process alongside each. Annexure II is an up-to-date, exhaustive list of about 835 minerals, metals, rocks and intermediate chemicals and alloys and against each of them is a list of the names of the end products and processes for which they are used. These two annexures will serve as a day-to-day reference source for teachers, students and professionals concerned with minerals as well as other interested readers. The book will be useful to any university/institution with undergraduate and post-graduate teaching/research facilities and libraries in the field of geology, mining, mineral economics, planning and natural-resource management. About the Author Kaulir Kisor Chatterjee studied Applied Geology at the Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad for his post-graduate and PhD degrees. He served in the Indian Bureau of Mines for over three decades and retired in early 2004, as Chief Mineral Economist. Post-retirement, he has occupied himself mostly with writing, teaching and lecturing in various institutions of repute in India on the subject of mineral economics. Besides 50 technical papers, he has authored eight books. He has worked in various Government committees and expert groups and was involved in organization of national mineral inventory; UN Framework Classification system of mineral resources; rationalisation of the mineral taxation, royalty and mineral legislation framework in India. He has been examiner and member of selection boards of UPSC, India and is also a recognised guide of the Nagpur University for doctoral research. His resume has been included in the Marquis Who Is Who of the World and in the 2000 Outstanding Intellectuals of the 21st Century, Cambridge.
The Macroecological Perspective: Theories, Models and Methods
by José Alexandre Diniz-FilhoThis comprehensive volume discusses the patterns and processes analyzed in macroecology with a distinct look at the theoretical and methodological issues underlying the discipline as well as deeper epistemological matters. The book serves as a synthesis of macroecological literature that has been published since Brown and Maurer proposed and defined the term “macroecology” in 1989. Author José Alexandre Felizola Diniz-Filho draws from the different disciplines and branches (ecology, evolutionary biology, physiology, behavioral sciences, climatology, and paleontology) that make up macroecology to present a full, holistic picture of where the discipline stands.Through ten chapters, Diniz-Filho moves from a discussion of what macroecology actually is to macroecological modeling to the more applied side of the discipline, covering topics such as richness and diversity patterns and patterns in body size. The book concludes with a synthesis of how macroecological research is done in a theoretical and operational sense as well as unifying explanations for each of the macroecological patterns discussed, moving on to evaluate which theories and models are still useful and which ones can be abandoned. The book is intended for academics, young researchers and students interested in macroecology and conservation biogeography. In addition, because of the integrative nature of macroecology and the theoretical and methodological background in the book, it can be of interest to researchers working in related fields including but not limited to ecology and evolutionary biology.
Macroeconomic Fluctuations in the Caribbean: the Role of Climatic and External Shocks
by Sebastián Sosa Paul CashinA report from the International Monetary Fund.
Macroevolution in Deep Time
by Alexander J. Bartholomew Rituparna BoseThe prerequisite to investigating the underlying causes behind mass extinction is a profound understanding of the evolutionary history of both living and dead species. It is especially important to appreciate the significance of such studies in extinct organisms; especially in organisms that were abundant in a certain geologic era, but have subsequently dwindled or become extinct. Such studies should help to accurately evaluate patterns of evolution in extinct species lineages and help predict the same in its modern analogs. The book includes cutting edge research in evolutionary biology that should serve as a starting point for conservation.
Macromolecular Characterization of Hydrocarbons for Sustainable Future: Applications to Hydrocarbon Value Chain (Green Energy and Technology)
by Uttam Kumar BhuiThis book discusses the macromolecular characterization of hydrocarbon components and their industrial applications for sustainable future development. It provides efficient integrated solutions and feasible industrial applications for sustainable cleaner and greener future. The book covers recent trends in the use of hydrocarbons such as crude oil, coal and shale, biomass and other carbon materials. Various topics covered in this book include challenges in mature field redevelopment, enhanced oil recovery, optical characteristics of petroleum crudes-surfactants-brine solutions, challenges and issues in processing hydrocarbons, 'coal for future cleaner fuel and chemicals' and 'biomass for fuels and chemicals'. The book is useful for the researchers and professionals working in the area of petroleum engineering.
Macromolecular Materials
by HastingsThis volume deals with some basic considerations of structure and its relation to function. After outlining some basic principles in the first chapter, including manufacturing effects, structural determination is discussed in detail. This is important since adequate characterization in terms of molecular size is necessary for a proper understanding and suse. The theme of interrelationships between structure and properties is developed in the next chapters. The second part of the volume deals with selected applications in which the development and sue of macromolecultar materials in specific applications is described.The selection of applications includes synthetic and natural polymers and the range of medical areas involved include orthopedics, dialysis, drug release (macromolecular pharmacology) blood contact, and plastic surgery. Since the list could not be completely comprehensive, these represent areas of special development or of continuing problems.
Macroscopic and Large Scale Phenomena: Coarse Graining, Mean Field Limits and Ergodicity
by Adrian Muntean Jens Rademacher Antonios ZagarisThis book is the offspring of a summer school school "Macroscopic andlarge scale phenomena: coarse graining, mean field limits and ergodicity", which washeld in 2012 at the University of Twente, the Netherlands. The focus lies onmathematically rigorous methods for multiscale problems of physical origins. Each of the four book chapters is based on a set of lectures deliveredat the school, yet all authors have expanded and refined their contributions. Francois Golsedelivers a chapter on the dynamics of large particle systems in the mean fieldlimit and surveys the most significant tools and methods to establish suchlimits with mathematical rigor. Golse discusses in depth a variety of examples,including Vlasov--Poisson and Vlasov--Maxwell systems. Lucia Scardia focuseson the rigorous derivation of macroscopic models using $\Gamma$-convergence, amore recent variational method, which has proved very powerful for problems inmaterial science. Scardia illustrates this by various basic examples and a moreadvanced case study from dislocation theory. Alexander Mielke'scontribution focuses on the multiscale modeling and rigorous analysis ofgeneralized gradient systems through the new concept of evolutionary$\Gamma$-convergence. Numerous evocative examples are given, e. g. , relating toperiodic homogenization and the passage from viscous to dry friction. Martin Göll and EvgenyVerbitskiy conclude this volume, taking a dynamical systems and ergodic theoryviewpoint. They review recent developments in the study of homoclinic pointsfor certain discrete dynamical systems, relating to particle systems viaergodic properties of lattices configurations.
Macroscopic Limits of Quantum Systems: Munich, Germany, March 30 - April 1 2017 (Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics #270)
by Daniela Cadamuro Maximilian Duell Wojciech Dybalski Sergio SimonellaBased on the workshop of the same name, this proceedings volume presents selected research investigating the mathematics of collective phenomena emerging from quantum theory at observable scales. Featured contributions from leading scientists provide a thorough overview of current and active research. Methods from functional analysis, spectral theory, renormalization group theory, and variational calculus are used to prove rigorous results in quantum physics. Topics include superconductivity and mathematical aspects of the BCS theory, the Jellium model and Bose-Einstein condensation, among others. Presenting technical details in an accessible way, this book serves as an introduction to research for advanced graduate students and is suitable for specialists in mathematical physics.The workshop “Macroscopic Limits of Quantum Systems” was held over three days in the spring of 2017 at the Technical University of Munich. The conference celebrated the achievements of Herbert Spohn and his reception of the Max Planck Medal.
Madagaskar - Von Makis, Menschen und einem bedrohten Paradies
by Lennart PyritzEin Buch, das Madagaskar in seinen vielfältigen Facetten zeigt, untermalt mit ausgezeichneten Fotos. Angesprochen werden alle reise- und naturbegeisterten Leser. Ein tagebuchartiger, amüsant geschriebener Erfahrungsbericht über eine 14-monatige biologische Feldarbeit in Madagaskar in Form kurzer Texte (siehe: www.spektrumdirekt.de/madagaskar) ist ergänzt durch zahlreiche hochqualitative Fotos. Hauptsächlich biologische Themen werden erörtert, aber auch Erfahrungen mit madagassischer Kultur, Land und Leuten. Einzelne Abschnitte werden durch allgemeinverständlich geschriebene Infoboxen von Experten zum jeweiligen Thema ergänzt. Den zweiten Teil des Buches bildet eine Sammlung von Essays mit Fotos, ein madagassisches Zitat am Anfang führt hin zu madagassischer Fauna, Flora, Naturschutz, Geschichte, Politik, Kultur und Lebensweise. Verfasst sind die Beiträge von Autoren wie Prof. Peter Kappeler vom Deutschen Primatenzentrum, Dr. Roland Hilgartner, Leiter des Affenbergs Salem, und seiner madagassischen Frau Mamisolo sowie Dr. Christoph Schwitzer vom Zoo Bristol und Madagaskar-Koordinator der IUCN SSC Primate Specialist Group.
The Madhouse Effect: How Climate Change Denial Is Threatening Our Planet, Destroying Our Politics, and Driving Us Crazy
by Michael Mann Tom TolesThe award-winning climate scientist Michael E. Mann and the Pulitzer Prize–winning political cartoonist Tom Toles have been on the front lines of the fight against climate denialism for most of their careers. They have witnessed the manipulation of the media by business and political interests and the unconscionable play to partisanship on issues that affect the well-being of billions. The lessons they have learned have been invaluable, inspiring this brilliant, colorful escape hatch from the madhouse of the climate wars. The Madhouse Effect portrays the intellectual pretzels into which denialists must twist logic to explain away the clear evidence that human activity has changed Earth's climate. Toles's cartoons collapse counter-scientific strategies into their biased components, helping readers see how to best strike at these fallacies. Mann's expert skills at science communication aim to restore sanity to a debate that continues to rage against widely acknowledged scientific consensus. The synergy of these two climate science crusaders enlivens the gloom and doom of so many climate-themed books—and may even convert die-hard doubters to the side of sound science.
Madlands: A Journey to Change the Mind of a Climate Sceptic
by Anna RoseAn idealistic twenty-something environmentalist. A retired right-wing finance minister.All their lives, they've happily ignored each other.Until now.Anna Rose, environmental crusader since the age of fourteen and co-founder of the Australian Youth Climate Coalition, is on a mission. This is the story of her biggest challenge yet: a whirlwind journey around the world with conservative powerbroker and arch climate sceptic Nick Minchin. From a remote Hawaiian volcano to a cosmic ray laboratory in Geneva, Anna rolls out the biggest names in science to try and change Nick's mind.It's a journey to tell the story of what's happening to our climate—not just to one man, but to a nation divided on the biggest issue of our times. Nick and Anna challenge each other's views, provoking each other to confront closely held assumptions and question our responsibilities as citizens living in uncertain times.
The Mafia in Italian Lives and Literature
by Robin Pickering-IazziUsing an array of cultural documents from 1990 to the present, including diaries, testimonies, fiction, online video postings, and anti-mafia social networks, Robin Pickering-Iazzi examines the myths, values, codes of behaviour, and relationships produced by the Italian mafia through a wide cross-disciplinary lens. The Mafia in Italian Lives and Literature explores the ways that these literary engagements with the mafia relate to broader contemporary Italian life and offer implicit challenges, and a quiet code of resistance, to the trauma and injustice wrought by the mafia in various Italian cities.Despite the long tradition of representing the mafia in Italian literature, until now women's contributions to this literature have been overlooked. Pickering-Iazzi's aim is to encourage new critical reflection on a broader selection of literature through new theoretical lenses in order to enrich our understanding of crime fiction, Sicily and Sicilian identity in literature, narrative traits of the new Italian epic, and the cultural and social functions of storytelling in life and literature.
Mafic-ultramafic Intrusions in Beishan and Eastern Tianshan at Southern CAOB: Petrogenesis, Mineralization and Tectonic Implication
by Ben-Xun SuThe widespread mafic-ultramafic complexes in the Earth are well-known as their hosting Ni-Cu-PGE ore deposits, and their petrogenesis and mineralization have become hot issues in the geological studies. This thesis comprehensively investigated the petrology, mineralogy, geochemistry and geochronology of several mafic-ultramafic complexes in the Beishan Terrane, southern Central Asian Orogenic Belt aimed at systematically determining the mineralization and petrogenetic processes responsible for the formation of the complexes and placing constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Eastern Tianshan and Beishan, and the Early Permian mantle plume. The thesis identified mineralizing indicators of Ni-Cu sulfide deposits and defined the roles of partial melting, fractional crystallization, crustal assimilation and magma injection. The systematical isotopic compositions revealed the mantle source of the mafic-ultramafic complexes had undergone the subduction-related modifications both from the South Tianshan Ocean and subsequently the Junggar Ocean, and that the complexes were emplaced in the period of 269-285 Ma coeval with the 280 Ma mantle plume event in the Tarim Craton. The results of this thesis provide new insights about the tectonic setting, magma evolution, ore genesis, and exploration implications of the mafic-ultramafic complexes in Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Dr. Benxun Su works at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China.
The Magic and Mystery of Trees (The Magic and Mystery of the Natural World)
by Jen GreenThis breath-taking ebook about trees takes children on a captivating journey of nature packed leafy exploration, showing them just how special these mighty organisms are. Discover how they communicate and warn each other of predators, how they nurture their networks, record the past, and anticipate the future to ensure their survival. There's so much more to trees than meets the eye. Learn about the amazing natural science of trees in this nature and science children's ebook. From the highest branches, all the down to the complex "wood wide web" of roots, every part of a tree plays an important role. Not only in its own growth but that of the whole ecosystem of the forest or woodland. Did you know that trees take care of each other and that a whole forest is connected?A truly delightful non-fiction read that is suitable for all ages - each page of this nature ebook is nothing short of astonishingly beautiful. Enjoy a mixture of real images, vibrant illustrations, and patchwork-layering, making each page feel like a nature scavenger hunt. You'll learn unbe-leaf-able tree facts, see extraordinary trees from around the world, and the animals that call them home. Find out what trees do for us and how we are damaging them with pollution and deforestation. This ebook will show that it's not too late to do something about it, and you'll find out how you can help with instructions on how to plant your very own tree!When you get to know these silent giants, you'll never look at trees the same way again.Discover The Secret World Of TreesDo you know that trees send underground messages? Have you heard that they take care of their families? A tree is so much more than it seems. The Magic And Mystery of Trees is the perfect introduction to the world of trees - above and below ground. Combining stunning photography with beautiful illustrations, turn the pages to find out how trees help prevent soil erosion, mark the seasons, and provide a habitat for wildlife - amongst other fun facts and amazing information about their role in nature.There are also some super fun, practical activities for kids! From planting your own tree to how to measure a tree&’s age, this ebook highlights the importance of trees to our planet through exciting hands-on activities. Children will begin to understand the importance of trees to our planet and take their first steps towards safeguarding them for future generations. Explore the secret lives of trees learning:- What they are- How they live- About their animal assistants- How to help trees- Tree defenses and senses, and much more!
Magic in a Drop of Water: How Ruth Patrick Taught the World about Water Pollution
by Julie WinterbottomAn entertaining and gorgeous picture book biography of scientist and environmental hero Ruth Patrick, one of the first to warn about the dangers of pollution.A brilliant scientist and intrepid explorer, the ecologist Ruth Patrick taught the world how to care for the environment. She studied water pollution long before it became a public concern and gave other scientists the tools to do something about it. Born in 1907, Ruth Patrick was one of the only women in her field when she made her breakthrough discovery about biodiversity and the ecosystem of rivers, forever changing how ecologists understand pollution.Lyrically, joyfully written, exquisitely illustrated, and full of fascinating details and a rich afterword and timeline, this STEM biography will inspire readers who love the environment to follow their passion and curiosity.
The Magic of Flight: Discover birds, bats, butterflies and more in this incredible book of flying creatures
by Nicola DaviesOur skies are full of life! From bats and birds to bees and beetles, the air around us is buzzing with amazing flying creatures. Explore how and why animals fly, and the many ways in which this incredible ability has helped them flourish on our beautiful planet, in this beautiful book from award-winning non-fiction specialist Nicola Davies.Packed with fascinating facts and incredible illustrations to pore over again and again, this stunning large-format hardback is the perfect gift to inspire children to treasure our planet's precious biodiversity.
The Magic of Tiny Business: You Don’t Have to Go Big to Make a Great Living
by Sharon RoweTiny isn't a size—it's a state of mindToo many of us feel trapped by work that keeps us from living our purpose. We fantasize about starting our own business, yet we're warned against falling into debt, working eighty hours a week, and coping with the pressure to grow. Eco-Bags Products founder Sharon Rowe says there's another way: go tiny. Like a tiny house, a tiny business is built on maintaining a laser focus on what is essential by living an intentional life. As an entrepreneur and mother, Rowe is most concerned with putting family first, maintaining financial security, and doing something that makes an impact in the world. Using the success story of Eco-Bags Products, Rowe distills the step-by-step process of building a profitable, right-scaled, sustainable venture that doesn't compromise your values. She shows you how to test your concept, manage your money and priorities, and more, while staying true to the “tiny” ethos.
Magic School Bus: Ocean Adventure (Scholastic Reader, Level 2)
by Mary Kay CarsonNow early readers can take a ride on the Magic School Bus!With the help of Ms. Frizzle, young readers can develop their reading skills while they pick up fun facts about the world's ocean. Ms. Frizzle's class will teach you everything you ever wanted to know about the deep sea through this engaging and accesible reader. This is a great introduction to the Magic School Bus program.
Magic School Bus: Inside the Earth
by Joanna ColeTo celebrate its 20th anniversary, Scholastic is re-releasing the ten original Magic School Bus titles in paperback. With updated scientific information, the bestselling science series ever is back! Rock collecting has never been quite like this! When the class forgets to do its homework, a fieldtrip through the Earth's crust, into the center of the Earth, and out through a volcano will teach them not to forget their assignments again - and then some!
The Magic School Bus at the Waterworks (The Magic School Bus Ser.)
by Joanna Cole Bruce DegenNIMAC-sourced textbook
The Magic School Bus Blows Its Top! A Book about Volcanoes
by Joanna Cole Gail HermanMs. Frizzle's class is having a hard time putting together a giant globe of the world. A piece is missing. . . an island so new it hasn't been discovered yet! Before they know it, the kids are beneath the oceans's surface, exploring an underwater volcano. Join the class as they learn about volcanoes.
The Magic School Bus Inside A Hurricane
by Joanna ColeMs. Frizzle is a grade school teacher who takes her class on fantastic field trips using her magic, metamorphosing school bus. In this installment, the class is heading for a visit at a weather forecasting center when they find themselves in the middle of a hurricane. Learning about weather and hurricanes ensues.