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Magic Tree House Fact Tracker #12: Sabertooths and the Ice Age
by Sal Murdocca Natalie Pope Boyce Mary Pope OsborneMagic Tree House Research Guides are now Magic Tree House Fact Trackers! Track the facts with Jack and Annie! When Jack and Annie got back from their adventure in Magic Tree House #7: Sunset of the Sabertooth, they had lots of questions. What was it like to live in the Ice Age? How did early humans stay warm enough to survive? Who made the first cave paintings? What happened to saber-toothed cats and woolly mammoths? Find out the answers to these questions and more as Jack and Annie track the facts. Filled with up-to-date information, photos, illustrations, and fun tidbits from Jack and Annie, the Magic Tree House Fact Trackers are the perfect way for kids to find out more about the topics they discovered in their favorite Magic Tree House adventures.
Magic Tree House Fact Tracker #26: Pandas and Other Endangered Species (Magic Tree House (R) Fact Tracker #26)
by Mary Pope Osborne Sal Murdocca Natalie Pope BoyceWhen Jack and Annie got back from their adventure in Magic Tree House #48: A Perfect Time for Pandas they had lots of questions. What do pandas eat? Where do they live? Why are snow leopards so scarce? How can we help? Find out the answers to these questions and more as Jack and Annie track the facts. Filled with up-to-date information, photos, illustrations, and fun tidbits from Jack and Annie, the Magic Tree House Fact Trackers are the perfect way for kids to find out more about the topics they discovered in their favorite Magic Tree House adventures.From the Trade Paperback edition.
Magic Tree House Survival Guide (Magic Tree House (R))
by Mary Pope Osborne Sal Murdocca Natalie Pope BoyceLions and tigers and bears--oh, man!Jack and Annie have survived all kinds of dangers on their adventures in the magic tree house. Find out how you can survive lots of scary situations, including sharks, earthquakes, fires, shipwrecks, and many more! With full-color photographs and illustrations, facts about real-life survival stories, and tips from Jack and Annie, this is a must-have for all survivors of the bestselling Magic Tree House series.Have more fun with Jack and Annie on the Magic Tree House® website at MagicTreeHouse.com.
A Magic Web
by Christian Ziegler Egbert Giles LeighThe tropical forest of Panama's Barro Colorado Island is a luxuriant community of plants and animals, pulsating with life and offering an astonishing view of nature's myriad processes. What does the forest look like? How do the activities of the forest's plants and animals create a community?In A Magic Web, photographer Christian Ziegler and evolutionary biologist Egbert Giles Leigh, Jr., invite readers to enter the marvelous world of Barro Colorado Island. This book is a unique combination of spectacular photography and clear, authoritative text written by an active scientist who has spent half a lifetime trying to understand the tropical forest. Luscious photographs of the forest reveal the wonderful diversity of its inhabitants and show many of the activities that give it its character and lend structure to its community. Drawing on decades of work on Barro Colorado Island, Egbert Leigh explains how the forest works: how plants and animals compete with but also depend on each other; how the solitary lives of cats contrast with the intricately organized lives of armies of ants; the variety of ways plants struggle for a place in the sun; and how these plants attract animals to pollenate their flowers. Finally, the book shows the importance of tropical forests to the people living near them, why they matter to the world at large, what we can learn from them, and how they differ from temperate-zone forests.Full of stunning full-color photographs accompanied by clear and accessible text, A Magic Web is a must for anyone planning to visit a tropical forest and for all those who wish they could.
The Magical World of Moss Gardening
by Annie Martin“This is a fascinating books for anyone wanting to truly broaden the range of plants they grow.” —Gardens Illustrated Moss is an extraordinary plant—it grows without roots, flowers, or stems. Despite being overlooked, in many ways, moss is perfect: it provides year-round color, excels in difficult climates, prevents soil erosion, and resists pests and disease. In The Magical World of Moss Gardening, bryophyte expert Annie Martin reveals how moss can be used in stunning, eco-friendly spaces. The beautifully illustrated guide includes basics on designing and planting a moss garden, as an inspiring tour of the most magical public and private moss gardens throughout the country.
Maglev Trains
by Zhigang Liu Zhiqiang Long Xiaolong LiThe motion of the train depends on the traction of linear motors in the vehicle. This book describes a number of essential technologies that can ensure the safe operation of Maglev trains, such as suspension and orientation technologies, network control and diagnosis technologies. This book is intended for researchers, scientists, engineers and graduate students involved in the rail transit industry, train control and diagnosis, and Maglev technology.
Magma Redox Geochemistry (Geophysical Monograph Series)
by Roberto Moretti Daniel R. NeuvilleMagma Redox Geochemistry Magma Redox Geochemistry The redox state is one of the master variables behind the Earth’s forming processes, which at depth concern magma as the major transport agent. Understanding redox exchanges in magmas is pivotal for reconstructing the history and compositional make-up of our planet, for exploring its mineral resources, and for monitoring and forecasting volcanic activity. Magma Redox Geochemistry describes the multiple facets of redox reactions in the magmatic realm and presents experimental results, theoretical approaches, and unconventional and novel techniques. Volume highlights include: Redox state and oxygen fugacity: so close, so farRedox processes from Earth’s accretion to global geodynamicsRedox evolution from the magma source to volcanic emissionsRedox characterization of elements and their isotopes The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Magma to Microbe: Modeling Hydrothermal Processes at Oceanic Spreading Centers, 1st Edition
by Robert P. Lowell Jeffrey S. Seewald Anna Metaxas Michael R. PerfitPublished by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 178. Hydrothermal systems at oceanic spreading centers reflect the complex interactions among transport, cooling and crystallization of magma, fluid circulation in the crust, tectonic processes, water-rock interaction, and the utilization of hydrothermal fluids as a metabolic energy source by microbial and macro-biological ecosystems. The development of mathematical and numerical models that address these complex linkages is a fundamental part the RIDGE 2000 program that attempts to quantify and model the transfer of heat and chemicals from "mantle to microbes" at oceanic ridges. This volume presents the first "state of the art" picture of model development in this context. The most outstanding feature of this volume is its emphasis on mathematical and numerical modeling of a broad array of hydrothermal processes associated with oceanic spreading centers. By examining the state of model development in one volume, both cross-fertilization of ideas and integration across the disparate disciplines that study seafloor hydrothermal systems is facilitated. Students and scientists with an interest in oceanic spreading centers in general and more specifically in ridge hydrothermal processes will find this volume to be an up-to-date and indispensable resource.
Magmas, Rocks and Planetary Development: A Survey of Magma/Igneous Rock Systems
by Eric A. MiddlemostThe variety of volcanic activity in the Solar System is widely recognised, yet the majestic sequences of magmatic processes that operate within an active planet are much less well known. Providing an exposition of igneous rocks, magmas and volcanic erupsions, this book brings together magnetic and volcanic data from different tectonic settings, and planets, with explanations of how they fit together. It systematically examines composition, origin and evolution of common igneous rocks, yet also examines a variety of rare magnetic rocks that play a crucial role in the global magma/igneous rock system.
Magmatism and Crustal Evolution of the Tibetan Plateau (Modern Approaches in Solid Earth Sciences #25)
by Xuanxue Mo Jinfu Deng Zengqian Hou Zhidan Zhao Guochen Dong Dicheng Zhu Yaoling NiuThis book presents a comprehensive coverage of the magmatic and crustal evolution of the Tibetan Plateau through time, based mainly on the recent data and observations of the authors. It provides extensive geochemical, isotopic and geochronological datasets to better constrain the geodynamic evolution of the highest and thickest orogenic plateau in the world. It is a unique and original contribution to our understanding of the geology and landscape of the “roof of the world” in an integrated and multi-disciplinary approach. All chapters in the book are process-oriented and data-rich, and reflect the most recent knowledge and information on the Tibetan Plateau. All five authors of the book have worked extensively in Tibet and in the adjacent areas over the years. Their familiarity with both the geology of Tibet and all the research done there by different scientific teams during the last 30 years are a major driving force behind this book.
Magmatism and Geodynamics: Terrestrail Magmatism Throughout the Earth's History
by O. A. BogatikovMagnatism is the only true endogenic process for generating new material on the Earth's surface. Obviously, magmatism and tectonic movements are reflections of geodynamics, that is, physical processes which occur in deep-seated environments. What are the interrelationships between magmatism and tectronics? How did the character of terrestrial magmatism change through time and are there any irregularities in this process?
Magmatism in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
by Bruce MarshThe mechanisms of magma movement, chemical differentiation and physical development, are derived from the geochemistry of igneous rocks, and from studying exposures of deep magmatic systems that have since solidified and been uplifted and exposed at the Earth's surface. The Ferrar Magmatic System of the McMurdo Dry Valleys in Antarctica provides an unparalleled example of a complete magmatic-volcanic system exposed in unprecedented detail. This book provides a unique and usual three-dimensional detailed examination of this system, providing insight into many magmatic processes normally unobservable, in particular how basaltic magma moves upwards through the crust, how it entrains, carries and deposits loads of crystals from great depths, and how this all contributes to Earth's evolution. Providing an explanation of how magmatic systems operate and how igneous rocks form, this is an invaluable resource ideal for researchers and graduate students in magma physics, igneous petrology, volcanology, and geochemistry.
Magnetic Actuators and Sensors
by John R. BrauerA fully updated, easy-to-read guide on magnetic actuators and sensors The Second Edition of this must-have book for today's engineers includes the latest updates and advances in the field of magnetic actuators and sensors. Magnetic Actuators and Sensors emphasizes computer-aided design techniques—especially magnetic finite element analysis; offers many new sections on topics ranging from magnetic separators to spin valve sensors; and features numerous worked calculations, illustrations, and real-life applications. To aid readers in building solid, fundamental, theoretical background and design know-how, the book provides in-depth coverage in four parts: PART I: MAGNETICS Introduction Basic Electromagnetics Reluctance Method Finite-Element Method Magnetic Force Other Magnetic Performance Parameters PART II: ACTUATORS Magnetic Actuators Operated by Direct Current Magnetic Actuators Operated by Alternating Current Magnetic Actuator Transient Operation PART III: SENSORS Hall Effect and Magnetoresistive Sensors Other Magnetic Sensors PART IV: SYSTEMS Coil Design and Temperature Calculations Electromagnetic Compatibility Electromechanical Finite Elements Electromechanical Analysis Using Systems Models Coupled Electrohydraulic Analysis Using Systems Models With access to a support website containing downloadable software data files (including MATLAB® data files) for verifying design techniques and analytical methods, Magnetic Actuators and Sensors, Second Edition is an exemplary learning tool for practicing engineers and engineering students involved in the design and application of magnetic actuators and sensors.
Magnetic Cloud Boundary Layers and Magnetic Reconnection
by Yi WangThis thesis focuses on magnetic reconnection processes in the boundary layer of the interplanetary magnetic cloud. Magnetic reconnection is an important and frontier topic in the realm of physics. Various physical phenomena can be observed during the reconnection process but lots of them are not fully understood. This thesis provides the first observational evidence of energetic electrons associated with magnetic reconnection in the solar wind and discusses the particle acceleration problems. In addition, after analyzing the particle flux variations in Magnetic Cloud Boundary Layer, the thesis proposes a possible new criterion for the identification of magnetic reconnection in the solar wind. These tantalizing results could be particular clues to understand the dynamical problems in magnetic reconnection processes.
The Magnetic Declination: A History of the Compass (SpringerBriefs in Earth Sciences)
by Mioara MandeaThis book aims then to describe in a comprehensible way efforts made over centuries of measuring and understanding the magnetic declination. The book also highlights some important characteristics of the Earth’s magnetic field thanks to the declination measurements. Some applications and societal implications are also underlined. Anyone living in the 21st century knows the best way to navigate is by using a smartphone App. Decades and centuries ago, in order to find the same way a magnificent instrument was used: the compass. Despite many being aware of the compass, not everyone appreciates that throughout the ages of exploration, sailors and explorers linked their lives and great discoveries to the magnetic needle. Furthermore, is there an awareness of the Earth’s physical mechanism behind the changes in time and space of the direction indicated by the compass? The magnetic declination is at the center of this book and it helps the reader to understand how to navigate in time and space. The book provides the history of the compass and magnetic declination leading the reader to the understanding of our magnetic planet.This book is designed for those who are fascinated by the long history of geomagnetism. This book relies on reader’s knowledge of elementary scientific concepts, and introduces the geomagnetism concepts as they evaluated in time. The focus is on some basic concepts and physical processes in order to understand the evolution of a specific element of the geomagnetic field, the declination. The primary audience may have just started an interest in the geomagnetism and history of science, as students and researchers. Some readers may have an interest that only touches the geomagnetism, as navigators, geophysicists, historians.
Magnetic Dynamics in Antiferromagnetically-Coupled Ferrimagnets: The Role of Angular Momentum (Springer Theses)
by Takaya OkunoThis book presents the theoretical and experimental investigations on antiferromagnetically coupled ferrimagnets and reveals new aspects of ferrimagnetic dynamics in terms of the role of angular momentum. The purpose of this book is to show readers that antiferromagnets/ferrimagnets are useful in spintronic devices in that (1) The nonadiabatic spintransfer torque in antiferromagnets acts as a staggered magnetic field, which can drive the magnetic domain walls, and (2) The Gilbert damping parameter α, the energy dissipation rate associated with the magnetic dynamics of ferrimagnets, is insensitive to temperature in contrast to the conventional understanding that the effective α of ferrimagnets diverges at the angular momentum compensation temperature. This book provides readers with a scientific platform of ferrimagnetic dynamics, which serves as a useful basis for realizing the next generation of spintronic devices.
Magnetic Field Effects in Low-Dimensional Quantum Magnets (Springer Theses)
by Adam IaizziThis thesis is a tour-de-force combination of analytic and computational results clarifying and resolving important questions about the nature of quantum phase transitions in one- and two-dimensional magnetic systems. The author presents a comprehensive study of a low-dimensional spin-half quantum antiferromagnet (the J-Q model) in the presence of a magnetic field in both one and two dimensions, demonstrating the causes of metamagnetism in such systems and providing direct evidence of fractionalized excitations near the deconfined quantum critical point. In addition to describing significant new research results, this thesis also provides the non-expert with a clear understanding of the nature and importance of computational physics and its role in condensed matter physics as well as the nature of phase transitions, both classical and quantum. It also contains an elegant and detailed but accessible summary of the methods used in the thesis—exact diagonalization, Monte Carlo, quantum Monte Carlo and the stochastic series expansion—that will serve as a valuable pedagogical introduction to students beginning in this field.
Magnetic Fields in Diffuse Media
by Alexander Lazarian Elisabete M. de Gouveia Dal Pino Claudio MelioliThis volume presents the current knowledge of magnetic fields in diffuse astrophysical media. Starting with an overview of 21st century instrumentation to observe astrophysical magnetic fields, the chapters cover observational techniques, origin of magnetic fields, magnetic turbulence, basic processes in magnetized fluids, the role of magnetic fields for cosmic rays, in the interstellar medium and for star formation. Written by a group of leading experts the book represents an excellent overview of the field. Nonspecialists will find sufficient background to enter the field and be able to appreciate the state of the art.
Magnetic Fields in the Solar System: Planets, Moons and Solar Wind Interactions (Astrophysics and Space Science Library #448)
by Hermann Lühr Johannes Wicht Stuart A. Gilder Matthias HolschneiderThis book addresses and reviews many of the still little understood questions related to the processes underlying planetary magnetic fields and their interaction with the solar wind. With focus on research carried out within the German Priority Program "PlanetMag", it also provides an overview of the most recent research in the field. Magnetic fields play an important role in making a planet habitable by protecting the environment from the solar wind. Without the geomagnetic field, for example, life on Earth as we know it would not be possible. And results from recent space missions to Mars and Venus strongly indicate that planetary magnetic fields play a vital role in preventing atmospheric erosion by the solar wind. However, very little is known about the underlying interaction between the solar wind and a planet's magnetic field. The book takes a synergistic interdisciplinary approach that combines newly developed tools for data acquisition and analysis, computer simulations of planetary interiors and dynamos, models of solar wind interaction, measurement of ancient terrestrial rocks and meteorites, and laboratory investigations.
Magnetic Fusion Technology
by Thomas J. DolanMagnetic Fusion Technology describes the technologies that are required for successful development of nuclear fusion power plants using strong magnetic fields. These technologies include: * magnet systems, * plasma heating systems, * control systems, * energy conversion systems, * advanced materials development, * vacuum systems, * cryogenic systems, * plasma diagnostics, * safety systems, and * power plant design studies. Magnetic Fusion Technology will be useful to students and to specialists working in energy research.
Magnetic Levitation
by Hyung-Suk Han Dong-Sung KimThis book provides a comprehensive overview of magnetic levitation(Maglev) technologies, from fundamental principles through to thestate-of-the-art, and describes applications both realised and underdevelopment. It includes a history of Maglev science and technology showing thevarious milestones in its advancement. The core concepts, operating principlesand main challenges of Maglev applications attempted across various fields areintroduced and discussed. The principle difficulties encountered when applyingMaglev technology to different systems, namely air gap control andstabilization, are addressed in detail. The book describes howmajor advancements in linear motor and magnet technologies have enabledthe development of the linear-motor-powered Maglev train, which has a highspeed advantage over conventional wheeled trains and has the potential to reachspeed levels achieved by aircraft. However, many expect that Maglevtechnology to be a green technology that is applied not only in rail transportation,but also in diverse other fields; to ensure clean transfer in LCDmanufacturing, in ropeless high speed elevators, small capacity railtransportation, space vehicle launchers, missile testers, energy storage, andso on. These potential applications and their unique challenges and proposedtechnological solutions are introduced and discussed in depth. The book will provide readers from academia, research institutes andindustry with insights on where and how to apply Maglev technology, and willserve as a guide to the realization of their Maglev applications.
Magnetic Material for Motor Drive Systems: Fusion Technology of Electromagnetic Fields (Engineering Materials)
by Keisuke FujisakiThis book focuses on how to use magnetic material usefully for electrical motor drive system, especially electrical vehicles and power electronics. The contents have been selected in such a way that engineers in other fields might find some of the ideas difficult to grasp, but they can easily acquire a general or basic understanding of related concepts if they acquire even a rudimentary understanding of the selected contents.The cutting-edge technologies of magnetism are also explained. From the fundamental theory of magnetism to material, equipment, and applications, readers can understand the underlying concepts. Therefore, a new electric vehicle from the point of view of magnetic materials or a new magnetic material from the point of a view of electric vehicles can be envisioned: that is, magnetic material for motor drive systems based on fusion technology of an electromagnetic field. Magnetic material alone does not make up an electric vehicle, of course. Other components such as mechanical structure material, semiconductors, fuel cells, and electrically conductive material are important, and they are difficult to achieve. However, magnetic material involves one of the most important key technologies, and there are high expectations for its use in the future. It will be the future standard for motor-drive system researchers and of magneticmaterial researchers as well. This book is a first step in that direction.
Magnetic Materials
by Nicola A. SpaldinMagnetic Materials is an excellent introduction to the basics of magnetism, magnetic materials and their applications in modern device technologies. Retaining the concise style of the original, this edition has been thoroughly revised to address significant developments in the field, including the improved understanding of basic magnetic phenomena, new classes of materials, and changes to device paradigms. With homework problems, solutions to selected problems and a detailed list of references, Magnetic Materials continues to be the ideal book for a one-semester course and as a self-study guide for researchers new to the field. New to this edition: , Acents Entirely new chapters on Exchange Bias Coupling, Multiferroic and Magnetoelectric Materials, Magnetic Insulators, Acents Revised throughout, with substantial updates to the chapters on Magnetic Recording and Magnetic Semiconductors, incorporating the latest advances in the field, Acents New example problems with work
Magnetic Measurement Techniques for Materials Characterization
by Victorino Franco Brad DodrillThis book discusses the most commonly used techniques for characterizing magnetic material properties and their applications. It provides a comprehensive and easily digestible collection and review of magnetic measurement techniques. It also examines the underlying operating principles and techniques of magnetic measurements, and presents current examples where such measurements and properties are relevant. Given the pervasive nature of magnetic materials in everyday life, this book is a vital resource for both professionals and students wishing to deepen their understanding of the subject.
Magnetic Memory Technology: Spin-transfer-Torque MRAM and Beyond
by Denny D. Tang Chi-Feng PaiSTAY UP TO DATE ON THE STATE OF MRAM TECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS WITH THIS COMPREHENSIVE RESOURCE Magnetic Memory Technology: Spin-Transfer-Torque MRAM and Beyond delivers a combination of foundational and advanced treatments of the subjects necessary for students and professionals to fully understand MRAM and other non-volatile memories, like PCM, and ReRAM. The authors offer readers a thorough introduction to the fundamentals of magnetism and electron spin, as well as a comprehensive analysis of the physics of magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) devices as it relates to memory applications. This book explores MRAM's unique ability to provide memory without requiring the atoms inside the device to move when switching states. The resulting power savings and reliability are what give MRAM its extraordinary potential. The authors describe the current state of academic research in MRAM technology, which focuses on the reduction of the amount of energy needed to reorient magnetization. Among other topics, readers will benefit from the book's discussions of: An introduction to basic electromagnetism, including the fundamentals of magnetic force and other concepts An thorough description of magnetism and magnetic materials, including the classification and properties of magnetic thin film properties and their material preparation and characterization A comprehensive description of Giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) devices and their equivalent electrical model Spin current and spin dynamics, including the properties of spin current, the Ordinary Hall Effect, the Anomalous Hall Effect, and the spin Hall effect Different categories of magnetic random-access memory, including field-write mode MRAM, Spin-Torque-Transfer (STT) MRAM, Spin-Orbit Torque (SOT) MRAM, and others Perfect for senior undergraduate and graduate students studying electrical engineering, similar programs, or courses on topics like spintronics, Magnetic Memory Technology: Spin-Transfer-Torque MRAM and Beyond also belongs on the bookshelves of engineers and other professionals involved in the design, development, and manufacture of MRAM technologies.