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Monotonic and Cyclic Performance of Sand from Natural Alluvial Deposits (Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering)
by Julijana BojadjievaThis book presents a comprehensive experimental investigation, consisting of element scale—triaxial and simple shear tests and model scale—shaking table tests, to examine the monotonic and cyclic behavior of Skopje sand. Skopje sand is silica sand from natural alluvial river deposits collected from the river terraces of Vardar river in the city of Skopje, Macedonia. Numerical simulation of the element monotonic and cyclic tests is also presented using the hypoplastic material model. Particular focus is given on the liquefaction potential of the tested material. While there were no well-documented cases of liquefaction during the 1963 Skopje earthquake with a magnitude of 6.1, significant structural damage was attributed to pronounced site amplification effects of sand materials in the Vardar valley. Given the absence of seismic geotechnical codes in the region at that time, the lack of a seismic monitoring network, and limited knowledge about the city's geotechnical properties, there is the assumption that liquefaction might have occurred but went undocumented and unassessed due to the overwhelming structural damage and other post-earthquake disaster management activities. The generated experimental data of Skopje sand serve as a foundational dataset for students and researchers into continuous more advanced experimental research in the field, validating numerical modeling focusing on liquefaction phenomena, soil dynamics, induced settlement of buildings, and evaluating effective mitigation strategies. The conducted investigations provide a strong basis for sustainable research on element and model scale in the Laboratory for Soil Dynamics and Geotechnical Engineering at the Department of Geotechnics and Special Structures, Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Seismology-IZIIS, Skopje, Macedonia.
Monsoon Economies: India's History in a Changing Climate (History for a Sustainable Future)
by Tirthankar RoyHow interventions to mitigate climate-caused poverty and inequality in India came at a cost to environmental sustainability.In the monsoon regions of South Asia, the rainy season sustains life but brings with it the threat of floods, followed by a long stretch of the year when little gainful work is possible and the threat of famine looms. Beginning in the late nineteenth century, a series of interventions by Indian governments and other actors mitigated these conditions, enabling agricultural growth, encouraging urbanization, and bringing about a permanent decrease in death rates. But these actions—largely efforts to ensure wider access to water—came at a cost to environmental sustainability. In Monsoon Economies, Tirthankar Roy explores the interaction between the environment and the economy in the emergence of modern India. Roy argues that the tropical monsoon climate makes economic and population growth contingent on water security. But in a water-scarce world, the means used to increase water security not only created environmental stresses but also made political conflict more likely. Roy investigates famine relief, the framing of a seasonal &“water famine,&” and the concept of public trust in water; the political movements that challenged socially sanctioned forms of deprivation; water as a public good; water quality in cities; the shift from impounding river water in dams and reservoirs to exploring groundwater; the seasonality of a monsoon economy; and economic lessons from India for a world facing environmental degradation.
The Monsoon Lands of Asia
by Gadi BenEzerAccording to the author a geographic region must satisfy the following conditions: however striking the diversity of the physical setting and the languages, religions and general appearance of the people, there must be some aspect of culture (for example, the social outlook or the organization of the economy) which pervades the area in such a way as to justify the recognition and study of that area as one entity and there must be substantial cultural differences between it and adjacent areas.Monsoon Asia, from Pakistan to Japan is more than a land area and an assemblage of countries: it is a distinctive geographical region. Its population--which includes nearly half the people in the world--is mainly rural, its economy mainly agricultural, and its peoples share a heritage of material poverty. But change is apparent everywhere in the area. This book is a compact and lucid introduction to the dynamic as well as the unchanging characteristics of the region.After an introductory section, which defines the limits of Monsoon Asia, there follow chapters on structure and relief, climate, vegetation, and soils. A discussion of the historical geography of the region leads into studies of its agriculture and industry. The concluding two-thirds of the book survey the characteristics of the constituent countries--India, Pakistan, Ceylon, China, Japan, Korea, and South-East Asia proper (Burma, Malaya, Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines, etc.).Special attention is paid throughout to the political and social setting of current political problems. The book contains 17 plates, 48 maps and diagrams, a selected bibliography, and an index.
Monsoon Rains, Great Rivers and the Development of Farming Civilisations in Asia
by Peter D. Clift Jade d'Alpoim GuedesThe Asian monsoon and associated river systems supply the water that sustains a large portion of humanity, and has enabled Asia to become home to some of the oldest and most productive farming systems on Earth. This book uses climate data and environmental models to provide a detailed review of variations in the Asian monsoon since the mid-Holocene, and its impacts on farming systems and human settlement. Future changes to the monsoon due to anthropogenically-driven global warming are also discussed. Faced with greater rainfall and more cyclones in South Asia, as well as drying in North China and regional rising sea levels, understanding how humans have developed resilient strategies in the past to climate variations is critical. Containing important implications for the large populations and booming economies in the Indo-Pacific region, this book is an important resource for researchers and graduate students studying the climate, environmental history, agronomy and archaeology of Asia.
The Monsoons and Climate Change
by Charles Jones Leila Maria Véspoli CarvalhoThis book presents a global overview examining monsoon variability in South Asia, Australian, South America and North American, as well as a focus on glaciers and monsoon systems. Monsoon systems are important components of the Earth's climate and play fundamental roles in water and energy balances. The variability and changes in the monsoons affect millions of people and the economies of many countries. This book presents the physical mechanisms involved with monsoon systems, including recent modeling advances addressing climate changes and future projections. The Monsoons and Climate Change will be of interest to both graduate students and researchers.
Monsters, Catastrophes and the Anthropocene: A Postcolonial Critique (Routledge Environmental Humanities)
by Gaia GiulianiMonsters, Catastrophes and the Anthropocene: A Postcolonial Critique explores European and Western imaginaries of natural disaster, mass migration and terrorism through a postcolonial inquiry into modern conceptions of monstrosity and catastrophe. This book uses established icons of popular visual culture in sci-fi, doomsday and horror films and TV series, as well as in images reproduced by the news media to help trace the genealogy of modern fears to ontologies and logics of the Anthropocene. By logics of the Anthropocene, the book refers to a set of principles based on ontologies of exploitation, extermination and natural resource exhaustion processes determining who is worthy of benefiting from value extraction and being saved from the catastrophe and who is expendable. Fears for the loss of isolation from the unworthy and the expendable are investigated here as originating anxieties against migrants’ invasions, terrorist attacks and planetary catastrophes, in a thread that weaves together re-emerging ‘past nightmares’ and future visions. This book will be of great interest to students and academics of the Environmental Humanities, Human and Cultural Geography, Political Philosophy, Psychosocial Studies, Postcolonial Studies and Critical Race and Whiteness Studies, Gender Studies and Postcolonial Feminist Studies, Cultural Studies, Sociology, Cultural Anthropology, Cinema Studies and Visual Studies.
Montana Duck Hunting Tales (Sports)
by Matt WempleDucks across the Big Sky To hunt ducks in Montana--where the land breathes history--is to experience extremes in geography, weather and wildlife. The breadth of mountains and prairie is unlike anywhere else in the Lower 48. Both the Central and Pacific flyways span the state's iconic wetlands, rivers and lakes. Hunting opportunities abound thanks to the state's wildlife conservation legacy on public and private lands. Hunters walk in the footsteps of plains Indians, Lewis and Clark and mountain men while looking for a spot to pitch decoys. Embark on an epic and distinct Big Sky journey with author and hunter Matt Wemple, where a moose or grizzly bear could stroll through the decoys at any time.
Monte Carlo N-Particle Simulations for Nuclear Detection and Safeguards: An Examples-Based Guide for Students and Practitioners
by John S. Hendricks Martyn T. Swinhoe Andrea FavalliThis open access book is a pedagogical, examples-based guide to using the Monte Carlo N-Particle (MCNP®) code for nuclear safeguards and non-proliferation applications. The MCNP code, general-purpose software for particle transport simulations, is widely used in the field of nuclear safeguards and non-proliferation for numerous applications including detector design and calibration, and the study of scenarios such as measurement of fresh and spent fuel. This book fills a gap in the existing MCNP software literature by teaching MCNP software usage through detailed examples that were selected based on both student feedback and the real-world experience of the nuclear safeguards group at Los Alamos National Laboratory. MCNP input and output files are explained, and the technical details used in MCNP input file preparation are linked to the MCNP code manual. Benefiting from the authors’ decades of experience in MCNP simulation, this book is essential reading for students, academic researchers, and practitioners whose work in nuclear physics or nuclear engineering is related to non-proliferation or nuclear safeguards. Each chapter comes with downloadable input files for the user to easily reproduce the examples in the text.
Monte Carlo Simulation in Statistical Physics: An Introduction (Graduate Texts in Physics #Vol. 80)
by Dieter W. Heermann Kurt BinderThe sixth edition of this highly successful textbook provides a detailed introduction to Monte Carlo simulation in statistical physics, which deals with the computer simulation of many-body systems in condensed matter physics and related fields of physics and beyond (traffic flows, stock market fluctuations, etc.). Using random numbers generated by a computer, these powerful simulation methods calculate probability distributions, making it possible to estimate the thermodynamic properties of various systems. The book describes the theoretical background of these methods, enabling newcomers to perform such simulations and to analyse their results. It features a modular structure, with two chapters providing a basic pedagogic introduction plus exercises suitable for university courses; the remaining chapters cover major recent developments in the field.This edition has been updated with two new chapters dealing with recently developed powerful special algorithms and with finite size scaling tools for the study of interfacial phenomena, which are important for nanoscience. Previous editions have been highly praised and widely used by both students and advanced researchers.
Monte Carlo Simulations Using Microsoft EXCEL® (Synthesis Lectures on Mathematics & Statistics)
by Shinil ChoThis book offers step-by-step descriptions of various random systems and explores the world of computer simulations. In addition, this book offers a working introduction to those who want to learn how to create and run Monte Carlo simulations. Monte Carlo simulation has been a powerful computational tool for physics models, and when combined with the programming language Excel, this book is a valuable resource for readers who wish to acquire knowledge that can be applied to more complex systems. Visualization of the simulation results via the Visual Basic built in Microsoft EXCEL is presented as the first step towards the subject. Prior experience with the Excel add-in VBA is kept to a minimum. In addition, a chapter on quantum optimization simulation utilizing Python is added to explore the quantum computation. Readers will gain a fundamental knowledge and techniques of simulation physics, which can be extended to STEM projects and other research projects.
The Montenegrin Adriatic Coast
by Aleksandar Joksimović Mirko Đurović Igor S. Zonn Andrey G. Kostianoy Aleksander V. SemenovThis is the first of two volumes that together provide an integrated picture of the Montenegrin Adriatic coast, presenting the natural components of the system as well as the chemical composition and chemical processes in the extended area. <P><P> This book describes the biology and ecology of the high seas of the Montenegrin coast, with a special focus on their biodiversity, flora and fauna, fisheries, mariculture, marine reptiles and mammals. The data has been collected through national and international projects over the last few decades and provides the reader with models and recommendations for the protection of this vital region of the Adriatic coast, as well as scientific recommendations for the sustainable use of its biological resources. <P><P> Given the breadth and depth of its coverage, the book offers an invaluable source of information for researchers, students and environmental managers alike.
The Montenegrin Adriatic Coast: Marine Chemistry Pollution (The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry #110)
by Danijela Joksimović Mirko Đurović Igor S. Zonn Andrey G. Kostianoy Aleksander V. SemenovThis is the second of two volumes that together provide an integrated picture of the Montenegrin Adriatic coast, presenting the natural components of the system as well as the chemical composition and chemical processes in the extended area. This book covers all aspects of marine chemistry such as the hydrographic and oceanographic characteristics of seawater, the toxicity of heavy metals in the marine environment, the quality of marinas and maritime areas, and the legal regime for protecting the marine environment from pollution. Given the breadth and depth of its coverage, the book offers an invaluable source of information for researchers, students and environmental managers alike.
Montology Palimpsest: A Primer of Mountain Geographies (Montology #1)
by Fausto O. SarmientoThis book introduces an innovative approach to sustainable and regenerative mountain development. Transdisciplinary to biophysical and biocultural scales, it provides answers to the "what, when, how, why, and where" that researchers question on mountains, including the most challenging: So What! Forwarding thinking in its treatment of core subjects, this decolonial, non-hegemonic volume inaugurates the Series with contributions of seasoned montologists, and invites the reader to an engaging excursion to ascend the rugged topography of paradigms, with the scaffolding hike of ambitious curiosity typical of mountain explorers.Chapter 8 is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
The Moon: Discover the Mysteries of Earth's Closest Neighbour (Space Explorers)
by Dr. Sanlyn Buxner Pamela Gay Georgiana KramerDiscover the mysteries of Earth&’s closest neighbor in this incredible guide to the Moon. This charming book is the perfect introduction for young readers who want to learn about every aspect of the moon. The Moon features breakdowns of the Moon&’s formation and geography, the lunar phases, a history of NASA&’s Apollo missions, the Moon&’s effect on Earth&’s tides and nocturnal animals, recent scientific discoveries, and so much more!This fascinating guide introduces 7-9 year olds to the moon&’s past, present, and future, through stunning illustrations, photographs, and fascinating information. Packed with mind-blowing facts, this incredible book of the moon is perfect for space lovers everywhere. Explore this wonderful book about the moon, featuring:- In-depth information, backed up by space photography, probe images, illustrations, and fun diagrams- Stunning, dreamy illustrations, making this title a perfect gift, as well as a solid reference book - Easy-to-digest sections, each filled with incredible facts and visuals- The entire subject of the Moon – including its formation and geography, the lunar phases, a history of NASA&’s Apollo missions, its effect on Earth&’s tides and nocturnal animals, plenty of recent scientific discoveries, and more!Boasting beautiful illustrations by artist Dawn Cooper, combined with up-to-date images from space agencies such as NASA and ESA, info panels, timelines, and diagrams, that help demystify and explain the wonder of the Moon, this is the perfect book for young readers.
The Moon: A Translation of Der Mond (Historical & Cultural Astronomy)
by Johann Friedrich SchmidtJulius Schmidt was one of the finest astronomical observers of his time, and his detailed map of the Moon surpassed anything that had come before. Today, the German astronomer and geophysicist has remained a largely neglected figure, despite being one of the most important players in the history of lunar studies. This book at last makes accessible Schmidt’s highly regarded German work, Der Mond. Considered an astronomical classic of the nineteenth century, Der Mond remained without a proper English counterpart for the last century and a half, until now. The author’s faithful English translation provides readers with much-needed access into Schmidt’s original publication, with the aim of showing the community just how vital his work and legacy have been in the international field of selenography.
Moon-Based Synthetic Aperture Radar: A Signal Processing Prospect (SAR Remote Sensing)
by Kun-Shan Chen Zhen XuLunar explorations have received increasing attention in recent years with tremendous application values, including using the Moon as a remote sensing platform for Earth observation. As an active sensor, the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) can detect changes in the atmosphere, terrain, and ocean. Moon-based SAR, complementary to the spaceborne SAR systems, expands our capabilities of watching and understanding the Earth. This book explains the Moon-Earth observation geometry, generic parameters, image focusing, and outlook using the Moon-based SAR. Written as a SAR imaging of Earth on the lunar-based platform, it makes it an essential reference to those interested in planetary and Earth sciences.FEATURES Uses the Moon as a remote sensing platform for Earth observation Explains how to obtain a high spatial resolution with a short revisit time using the Moon-based SAR Covers the observation geometry, range and signal models, two-dimensional signal spectrum, and focusing algorithms for the Moon-based SAR Presents a detailed analysis of sources of phase errors in the Moon-based SAR signal Includes global case studies and introduces conceptual ideas for further research This book is intended for senior graduate students, professional researchers, and engineers studying and working in the fields of lunar exploration and remote sensing applications, especially when dealing with high-orbit SAR studies.
The Moon in Close-up
by John WilkinsonInformation collected by recent space probes sent to explore the Moon by the USA, the European Space Agency, Japan, China and India has changed our knowledge and understanding of the Moon, particularly its geology, since the Apollo missions. This book presents those findings in a way that will be welcomed by amateur astronomers, students, educators and anyone interested in the Moon. Enhanced by many colour photos, it combines newly acquired scientific understanding with detailed descriptions and labelled photographic maps of the lunar surface. Guided by observation methods explained in the book and 17 Study Areas presented and carefully explained in the last chapter, amateur astronomers can observe these features from Earth using telescopes and binoculars. Readers who consult the photographic maps will gain a better understanding about the Moon's topography and geology. The book is rounded out by a helpful glossary.
The Moon of the Wild Pigs (Thirteen Moons)
by Jean Craighead GeorgeDescribes animal and plant life in the drought-parched desert during the month of July and how a little wild pig adapts to this environment. Includes image descriptions.
The Moon Seems to Change (Let's-Read-and-Find-Out Science 2)
by Dr. Franklyn M. BranleyRead and find out about the phases of the moon in this colorfully illustrated nonfiction picture book.This clear and appealing science book for early elementary age kids, both at home and in the classroom, introduces basic information about the moon.Have you noticed that the moon sometimes seems to grow and shrink? Does it look like a big round ball? Or is it just a sliver of light in the sky? The moon seems to change. But it doesn't really. The moon revolves around the Earth. It takes about four weeks to make the journey, and as it travels around we can only see certain parts of it. Try the simple experiment described inside using an orange, a pencil, and a flashlight, and you'll understand why the moon seems to change.This is a Level 2 Let's-Read-and-Find-Out, which means the book explores more challenging concepts for children in the primary grades. The 100+ titles in this leading nonfiction series are:hands-on and visualacclaimed and trustedgreat for classroomsTop 10 reasons to love LRFOs:Entertain and educate at the same timeHave appealing, child-centered topicsDevelopmentally appropriate for emerging readersFocused; answering questions instead of using survey approachEmploy engaging picture book quality illustrationsUse simple charts and graphics to improve visual literacy skillsFeature hands-on activities to engage young scientistsMeet national science education standardsWritten/illustrated by award-winning authors/illustrators & vetted by an expert in the fieldOver 130 titles in print, meeting a wide range of kids' scientific interestsBooks in this series support the Common Core Learning Standards, Next Generation Science Standards, and the Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math (STEM) standards. Let's-Read-and-Find-Out is the winner of the American Association for the Advancement of Science/Subaru Science Books & Films Prize for Outstanding Science Series.
The Moon's Near Side Megabasin and Far Side Bulge
by Charles ByrneSince Luna and Lunar Orbiter photographed the far side of the Moon, the mysterious dichotomy between the face of the Moon as we see it from Earth and the side of the Moon that is hidden has puzzled lunar scientists. As we learned more from the Apollo sample return missions and later robotic satellites, the puzzle literally deepened, showing asymmetry of the crust and mantle, all the way to the core of the Moon. This book summarizes the author's successful search for an ancient impact feature, the Near Side Megabasin of the Moon and the extensions to impact theory needed to find it. The implications of this ancient event are developed to answer many of the questions about the history of the Moon.
The Moon's Time to Shine (Step into Reading)
by StorybotsJust in time for the 50th anniversary of the moon landing! The inquisitive crew from the award-winning StoryBots apps, videos, and Emmy Award-winning Netflix show star in a Step 1 reader that is over the moon!Children will recognize the signature catchy rhymes and colorful art from the StoryBots' popular YouTube video "The Moon's Time to Shine." They will learn that the moon orbits Earth, that--in spite of glowing brightly--it doesn't make its own light, and more! Step 1 readers feature big type and easy words for children who know the alphabet and are eager to begin reading. Rhyming text is paired with picture clues to help children decode the story.
Moraine State Park (Images of Modern America)
by Polly ShawAbout 20,000 years ago, the late Wisconsinan glaciation reached its maximum extent. Glacial deposits identify the moraine, or farthest area covered by the glacier. Muddy Creek was a north-flowing stream that was blocked by the south-advancing glacier, forming a huge lake that lasted until the glacier dam began to retreat. The lake rapidly drained, eventually exposing the vast Muddy Creek basin. Dr. Frank Preston envisioned recreating the ancient glacial lake and worked with the Western Pennsylvania Conservancy to begin the project that became 16,725-acre Moraine State Park. Its centerpiece, man-made Lake Arthur and the surrounds, provide outstanding outdoor recreation and relaxation opportunities.
The Moral Austerity of Environmental Decision Making: Sustainability, Democracy, and Normative Argument in Policy and Law
by John Martin Gillroy Joe BowersoxIn The Moral Austerity of Environmental Decision Making a group of prominent environmental ethicists, policy analysts, political theorists, and legal experts challenges the dominating influence of market principles and assumptions on the formulation of environmental policy. Emphasizing the concept of sustainability and the centrality of moral deliberation to democracy, they examine the possibilities for a wider variety of moral principles to play an active role in defining "good" environmental decisions. If environmental policy is to be responsible to humanity and to nature in the twenty-first century, they argue, it is imperative that the discourse acknowledge and integrate additional normative assumptions and principles other than those endorsed by the market paradigm. The contributors search for these assumptions and principles in short arguments and debates over the role of science, social justice, instrumental value, and intrinsic value in contemporary environmental policy. In their discussion of moral alternatives to enrich environmental decision making and in their search for a less austere and more robust role for normative discourse in practical policy making, they analyze a series of original case studies that deal with environmental sustainability and natural resources policy including pollution, land use, environmental law, globalism, and public lands. The unique structure of the book--which features the core contributors responding in a discourse format to the central chapters' essays and debates--helps to highlight the role personal and public values play in democratic decision making generally and in the field of environmental politics specifically. Contributors. Joe Bowersox, David Brower, Susan Buck, Celia Campbell-Mohn, John Martin Gillroy, Joel Kassiola, Jan Laitos, William Lowry, Bryan Norton, Robert Paehlke, Barry G. Rabe, Mark Sagoff, Anna K. Schwab, Bob Pepperman Taylor, Jonathan Wiener
The Moral Challenge of Dangerous Climate Change
by Darrel MoellendorfThis book examines the threat that climate change poses to the projects of poverty eradication, sustainable development, and biodiversity preservation. It offers a careful discussion of the values that support these projects and a critical evaluation of the normative bases of climate change policy. This book regards climate change policy as a public problem that normative philosophy can shed light on. It assumes that the development of policy should be based on values regarding what is important to respect, preserve, and protect. What sort of climate change policy do we owe the poor of the world who are particularly vulnerable to climate change? Why should our generation take on the burden of mitigating climate change that is caused, in no small part, by emissions from people now dead? What value is lost when natural species go extinct, as they may well do en masse because of climate change? This book presents a broad and inclusive discussion of climate change policy, relevant to those with interests in public policy, development studies, environmental studies, political theory, and moral and political philosophy.
Moral Ground
by Kathleen Dean Moore Michael P. Nelson<P>Moral Ground brings together the testimony of over eighty visionaries-theologians and religious leaders, scientists, elected officials, business leaders, naturalists, activists, and writers-to present a diverse and compelling call to honor our individual and collective moral responsibility to our planet. In the face of environmental degradation and global climate change, scientific knowledge alone does not tell us what we ought to do. The missing premise of the argument and much-needed center piece in the debate to date has been the need for ethical values, moral guidance, and principled reasons for doing the right thing for our planet, its animals, its plants, and its people. <P>Contributors from throughout the world (including North America, Africa, Australia, Asia, and Europe) bring forth a rich variety of heritages and perspectives. Their contributions take many forms, illustrating the rich variety of ways we express our moral beliefs in letters, poems, economic analyses, proclamations, essays, and stories. In the end, their voices affirm why we must move beyond a scientific study and response to embrace an ongoing model of repair and sustainability. These writings demonstrate that scientific analysis and moral conviction can work successfully side-by-side. <P>This is a book that can speak to anyone, regardless of his or her worldview, and that also includes a section devoted to "what next" thinking that helps the reader put the words and ideas into action in their personal lives. Thanks to generous support from numerous landmark organizations, such as the Kendeda Fund and Germeshausen Foundation, the book is just the starting point for a national, and international, discussion that will be carried out in a variety of ways, from online debate to "town hall" meetings, from essay competitions for youth to sermons from pulpits in all denominations. The "Moral Ground movement" will result in a newly discovered, or rediscovered, commitment on a personal and community level to consensus about our ethical obligation to the future.