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Popular Representations of Development: Insights from Novels, Films, Television and Social Media (Rethinking Development)
by David Lewis Michael Woolcock Dennis RodgersAlthough the academic study of development is well established, as is also its policy implementation, less considered are the broader, more popular understandings of development that often shape agendas and priorities, particularly in representative democracies. Through its accessible and provocative chapters, Popular Representations of Development introduces the idea that while the issue of ‘development’ – defined broadly as problems of poverty and social deprivation, and the various agencies and processes seeking to address these – is normally one that is discussed by social scientists and policy makers, it also has a wider ‘popular’ dimension. Development is something that can be understood through studying literature, films, and other non-conventional forms of representation. It is also a public issue, one that has historically been associated with musical movements such as Live Aid and increasingly features in newer media such as blogs and social networking. The book connects the effort to build a more holistic understanding of development issues with an exploration of the diverse public sphere in which popular engagement with development takes place. This book gives students of development studies, media studies and geography as well as students in the humanities engaging with global development issues a variety of perspectives from different disciplines to open up this new field for discussion.
Popularizing Science: The Complex Terminological Interactions between Scientific and Press Discourses within the Field of Agroecology
by Hélène LedoubleMedia coverage of scientific issues is a highly complex process. It involves making a specialized field accessible to the general public, without necessarily disseminating the associated scientific terms or knowledge. The terminological interactions between press discourses and scientific knowledge are presented within the field of agroecology. The analysis of textual data focuses on articles in the general press in French and English, devoted to plant protection practices using natural mechanisms (biological control). This book provides a terminological and cognitive overview of the issues involved in popularizing science in a rapidly expanding field, and of the challenges to be met in the constantly evolving environmental communication sector.
Population and Development: High and Low Fertility in Poorer Countries (Routledge Library Editions: Development)
by Geoffrey HawthornFirst published in 1978, this book explores the vital global issue of high and low fertility in poorer countries through a series of case studies by contemporary experts in the fields of development and demography. These studies examine such issues as: the relations between fertility rates and income distributions in poor societies; the question of whether or not neo-classical macro-economics are sufficient to understand and to try to engineer relations between economies and populations; and the specifics of the relations between fertility and a variety of socio-economic factors in both South Asia and West Africa. The point of the collection is to explain how very far general models can be taken, and to suggest that they cannot be taken as far as those who have tended to ignore the structural complexities of, and differences between, various societies have implied.
Population and Development
by W.T.S. GouldPopulation and Development addresses important issues at the heart of the problems of developing countries. How these countries address the common difficulties of population growth, including mortality and fertility decline, population redistribution including internal migration and urbanization, and also international migration, for both source countries and for destination countries. How and why has population change affected development – both positively and negatively? How and why has development affected population change – both growth and distribution? The book opens with an introduction, preceding the ten substantive chapters, covering some of the broader issues for population studies and development studies and the relationships between them. The first three chapters set out the main concepts and theoretical discussions on how population affects development and also how development affects population. Detailed chapters then cover each of the three main components of population change – fertility, mortality and finally migration. These are followed by chapters on the impacts of age structures, including the potential for a demographic dividend, and of the more qualitative aspects of human resource development through formal education and ICTs, with further chapters on population policies and population futures. The book incorporates illustrative text boxes and case studies on regions in Africa, the Middle East and Asia which elaborate the broader theoretical and conceptual substance of the ten major chapters. Each chapter has ‘Discussion Questions’ and ‘Sources and Further Reading’ sections, and there is an extensive integrated References section. The arguments of the book bring together a large but fairly loosely integrated literature from population studies, development studies and geography in a conceptually coordinated, empirically wide-ranging and challenging discussion. It is targeted at an audience in undergraduate courses in Geography and in Masters courses in Development Studies and Population Studies. The books succinct but erudite structure means it can be used either as a course text book, or as a basic reference on a range of current issues and likely concerns at the interface between Geography, Development Studies and Population Studies.
Population and Development
by W.T.S. GouldThe new edition of Population and Development offers an up-to-date perspective on one of the critical issues at the heart of the problems of development for all countries, and especially those that seek to implement major economic and social change: the reflexive relationships between a country’s population and its development. How does population size, distribution, age structure and skill base affect development patterns and prospects? How has global development been affected by regional population change? Retaining the structure of the well-received first edition, the book has been substantially revised and updated. The opening chapters of the book establish the theoretical and historical basis for examining the basic reflexive relationship, with exploration of the Malthusian perspective and its critics to examine how population change affects development, and exploration of the Demographic Transition Model and its critics to examine how, why and to what extent development drives population change. These are followed by empirically rich chapters on each of the main components of population change – mortality, fertility, internal and international migration, age structures and skill base – each elaborating key ideas with detailed and contrasting case studies from all regions of the developing world. There are concluding and more integrative discussions on population policies and global population futures. Bringing together Population Studies, Development Studies and Geography, the new edition of Population and Development is a key resource for undergraduate and postgraduate students across a range of programmes with specialist modules on population change. There is a large bibliography, with major new sections identifying a wide range of online resources for further study. Each chapter contains a reading guide with discussion questions. The text is enlivened by a number of case studies from around the world, most of which are new or have been substantially revised. Written by a leading international scholar in population, the book successfully integrates cutting-edge academic research with the focus and efforts of international development agencies.
Population and Development in the Third World (Routledge Introductions to Development)
by Allan M. Findlay Anne FindlayAllan and Anne Findlay argue that a nation's human population is a vital resource in the development process. Changes in its composition - increased life expectancy combined with a falling birth rate, for example - can have profound effects upon a society. Warfare and mass migration of male workers also have long-reaching effects on those left behind. The rapid growth of Third World populations has often incorrectly been identified as the major force preventing more rapid economic development. Population pressure has been known to generate technological breakthroughs. Their final chapter examines family planning programmes, and concludes by asking who benefits most from population policies and questioning the right of developed countries to advocate family planning programmes for Third World nations.
Population and Development Issues
by Yves CharbitOne of the major challenges facing the world today is the interaction between demographic changes and development. Rather than the usual view that the population itself is the main problem, Population and Development Issues argues that it is just one factor among many others, such as poverty, illiteracy, poor health, unemployment, the condition of women and climate change.This book analyzes the relationships between the key demographic variables (fertility, morbidity and mortality, migration, etc.) and major development issues, notably education, employment, health, gender, social and geographical inequalities and climate concerns. Bringing together contributions from specialists across every field, it presents empirical data simply and clearly alongside theoretical reflections.
Population and Food: Global Trends and Future Prospects
by Tim DysonPopulation and Food examines recent trends in food production and assesses the prospects for feeding humanity in the twenty-first century. With case studies from throughout the developed and developing world, the book suggests that food production in most world regions has kept ahead of population growth, that future food production prospects are encouraging, and that in all probability the people of the world will be better fed in the twenty-first than in the twentieth century.
Population and Society
by Alan Marshall Paul Norman Dr Clare Holdsworth Nissa Finney"An excellent introduction to the study of population and its significance for many of the key social, political, cultural and environmental issues facing the world today. It covers population growth, ageing, migration and mobility, parenting, health inequalities, and much more... The authors do not shy away from areas of continuing debate, providing both sides of an argument and encouraging readers to follow up the original sources" - Tony Champion, Emeritus Professor of Population Geography, Centre for Urban, Regional & Development Studies, Newcastle University and Vice President, British Society for Population Studies, 2011-2013 Population and Society is an undergraduate introduction to population that explains the latest trends in population studies. The text provides a detailed and completely accessible overview that: situates demographic events - fertility, mortality and migration - within the context of broader social impacts and theorisations like social inequalities, individualisation and life course analysis uses global illustrative examples to demonstrate the importance of data and data interpretation in population studies is illustrated throughout with pedagogic features, like chapter opening summaries, suggestions for further readings and case study examples. This text will be widely used as the standard and most up-to-date text on population and society for courses across the social sciences.
Population and Strategies for National Sustainable Development: A guide to assist national policy makers in linking population and environment in strategies for development (Health And Population Set Ser.)
by Gayl D Ness Meghan V GolayThe guide serves as a resource for national-level policy makers and the staff of conservation organizations who wish to integrate population and environmental conditions in planning for sustainable development. It presents the basic rationale for linking population and environmental issues, including the demonstrable impact that growth in population and consumption is having on the environment. At the same time, it acknowledges the difficulty of achieving integration due to long-entrenched disciplinary and institutional specialization. The guide refrains from making blanket prescriptions, but rather emphasizes that policy and planning responses must be attuned to the location-specific nature of population-environment interactions. A number of mechanisms for achieving integration are presented, including placement of demographers within national planning organizations, or creation of country-based networks of population and conservation professionals who meet regularly to share knowledge and experience. For those less familiar with previous research, the book includes a primer on demographic change and models and frameworks for understanding the links between population dynamics (births, deaths, growth, migration) and environmental change.Originally published in 1996
Population, Development, and the Environment: Challenges to Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in the Asia Pacific
by Helen JamesThis book takes the reader into some of the most intransigent social, economic, and political issues that impact achieving sustainable development in Asia and the Pacific. Through meticulous analysis of the integrated relationships between population, development, and the environment, the chapters in this volume investigate the impacts of hydropower development on fragile ecosystems; mining, landslides and environmental degradation; deforestation; water and food security; rural-urban migration, poverty alleviation, civil society and community empowerment; and how disaster recovery requires multi-scalar and multi-disciplinary approaches that take into account governance, culture, and leadership. Legal frameworks may be legislated, but are often rarely implemented.The book will be valuable to students of sustainability, population and development, and governmental policy advising sectors as well as the NGO and humanitarian sectors. The distinctive characteristic of this book is that it encapsulates an integrated, multi-disciplinary focus which brings to the discussion both robust empirical research and challenging policy applications in the investigation of how the sustainable development goals may be achieved in Asia and the Pacific.
The Population Ecology and Conservation of Charadrius Plovers (Studies in Avian Biology #53)
by Susan M. Haig Mark A. ColwellThe 40 or so species of beach-loving plovers (genus Charadrius) comprise a diverse group of shorebirds found around the world. Most of these species are challenged by changing climates and other human-related development activities, yet they provide key insights into basic ecological and evolutionary processes. The expert international contributors take a comparative approach, presenting examples from many worldwide plover studies and synthesizing the group’s most pressing and important topics. The book further presents an emphasis on full life-cycle biology, including the importance of examining migratory connectivity issues, even for non-migratory plovers. Key Features Serves as a fundamental resource for conservation practitioners Detailed overview of a widely distributed group of shorebirds Authored by renowned specialists who present theoretical and applied perspectives Emphasis on comparative and synthetic approach in all chapters Related Titles McComb, B. et al. Monitoring Animal Populations and Their Habitats: A Practitioner’s Guide (ISBN 978-0-4291-3827-0). Garvey, J. E. & M. R. Whiles. Trophic Ecology (ISBN 978-1-4987-5846-8). Dewdney, A. K. Stochastic Communities: A Mathematical Theory of Biodiversity (ISBN 978-1-1381-9702-2).
The Population Ecology of White-Headed Langur
by Wenshi PanThis book offers a rare and detailed insight into 20 years’ of in-depth field research and conservation of the white-headed langur. It focuses on the white-headed langur’s natural refuge, territory and home range, diets and foraging strategies, behavior modes, reproductive strategies, population, possible future viabilities, and their interaction with human society. From 1996 through 2016, a small research team led by Prof.Wenshi Pan from Peking University conducted studies and conservation efforts on the white-headed langur, one of the most endangered endemic species of China, in Guangxi and saved the species from extinction. With the help of conservationists’ efforts, the white-headed langur population in Nongguan Mountains, Guangxi, gradually increased from 105 to approximately 820.This book shares the success story of the unification of human development and wildlife conservation.
Population Genomics: Marine Organisms (Population Genomics)
by Marjorie F. Oleksiak Om P. RajoraPopulation genomics has provided unprecedented opportunities to unravel the mysteries of marine organisms in the oceans' depths. The world's oceans, which make up 70% of our planet, encompass diverse habitats and host numerous unexplored populations and species. Population genomics studies of marine organisms are rapidly emerging and have the potential to transform our understanding of marine populations, species, and ecosystems, providing insights into how these organisms are evolving and how they respond to different stimuli and environments. This knowledge is critical for understanding the fundamental aspects of marine life, how marine organisms will respond to environmental changes, and how we can better protect and preserve marine biodiversity and resources. This book brings together leading experts in the field to address critical aspects of fundamental and applied research in marine species and share their research and insights crucial for understanding marine ecosystem diversity and function. It also discusses the challenges, opportunities and future perspectives of marine population genomics.
Population Geography: Social Justice for a Sustainable World
by Helen D. Hazen Heike C. Alberts Kazimierz J. ZaniewskiPopulation Geography: Social Justice for a Sustainable World surveys the ways in which geographic approaches may be applied to population issues, exploring how human populations are embedded in natural and social environments. It encourages students to evaluate population issues critically, given that population topics are at the heart of many of today’s most contentious subjects. Through introducing students to different lenses of analysis (ecological, economic, and social equity), the authors ask students to consider how different perspectives can lead to different conclusions on the same issue. Identifying and tackling today’s population problems therefore requires an understanding of these diverging, and sometimes conflicting, perspectives. The text covers all the key background information critical to any book on population geography (population size, distribution, and composition; fertility, mortality, and migration; population and resources) but also pushes students to think critically about the materials they have covered using the perspectives of sustainability and social justice. In this way, students move beyond simple fact learning toward higher-level skills such as analysis, synthesis, and evaluation of materials. This textbook will be a valuable resource for students of human geography, population geography, demography, and diaspora studies.
Population Geography: Progress And Prospects (Routledge Revivals)
by Michael PacioneFirst published in 1986, this book presents a comprehensive overview of the contemporary state of knowledge in the field of population geography. It discusses the contemporary state of the art and surveys new research developments and new thinking in the major branches of the subject. It thereby provides an introductory guide to contemporary trends and forms a reference point for future development in the subject.
Population Health Intervention Research: Geographical perspectives (Geographies of Health Series)
by Susan J. Elliott Daniel W. Harrington Sara McLaffertyHealth geographers are well situated for undertaking population health intervention research (PHIR), and have an opportunity to be at the forefront of this emerging area of inquiry. However, in order to advance PHIR, the scientific community needs to be innovative with its methodologies, theories, and ability to think critically about population health issues. For example, using alternatives (e.g. community-based participatory research) to traditional study designs such as the randomised control trial, health geographers can contribute in important ways to understanding the complex relationships between population health (both intended and unintended consequences), interventions and place. Representing a diverse array of health concerns ranging across chronic and infectious diseases, and research employing varied qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the contributions to this book illustrate how geographic concepts and approaches have informed the design and planning of intervention(s) and/or the evaluation of health impacts. For example, the authors argue that geographically targeting interventions to places of high-need and tailoring interventions to local place contexts are critically important for intervention success. Including an afterword by Professor Louise Potvin, this book will appeal to researchers interested in population and public/community health and epidemiology as well as health geography.
Population, Migration and Settlement in Australia and the Asia-Pacific: In Memory of Graeme Hugo
by Natascha Klocker Olivia DunThe chapters in this book reflect on the work of seminal Australian geographer, the late Professor Graeme Hugo. Graeme Hugo was widely respected because of his impressive contributions to scholarship and policy in the fields of migration, population and development, which spanned several decades. This collection of works contains contributions from authors whose own research has been influenced by Hugo; and includes numerous authors who worked closely with Hugo throughout his career. The collection provides an opportunity to reflect on Hugo’s legacy, and also to foreground contemporary scholarship in his key areas of research focus. The chapters are organised into two thematic threads. Part I contains works relating to ‘Population, Migration and Settlement in Australia’, while Part II focuses on ‘Labour and Environmental Migration in the Asia-Pacific’. Together, these two thematic threads provide broad coverage of Graeme Hugo’s key areas of research focus. The chapters also serve as a reminder of Hugo’s steadfast concern with producing careful scholarship for the public good, and seek to prompt continued work in this vein. The chapters originally published in special issues in Australian Geographer.
Population Mobility and Indigenous Peoples in Australasia and North America (Routledge Research in Population and Migration)
by John Taylor Martin BellThis book draws together relevant research findings to produce the first comprehensive overview of Indigenous peoples' mobility. Chapters draw from a range of disciplinary sources, and from a diversity of regions and nation-states. Within nations, mobility is the key determinant of local population change, with implications for service delivery, needs assessment, and governance. Mobility also provides a key indicator of social and economic transformation. As such, it informs both social theory and policy debate. For much of the twentieth century conventional wisdom anticipated the steady convergence of socio-demographic trends, seeing this as an inevitable concomitant of the development process. However, the patterns and trends in population movement observed in this book suggest otherwise, and provide a forceful manifestation of changing race relations in these new world settings.
Population Movements and the Third World (Routledge Introductions to Development)
by Mike ParnwellThe interrelationship between migration and development is complex. The causes of migration stem from the uneveness of the development process and the effects exert a powerful influence on the pattern and process of development. This volume explores both the concepts and facts behind the main forms of population movement in the third world today, particularly rural-urban migration. Examining the causes and consequences of migration, the author assesses the implications for planning and policy-makers.
Population, Place, and Spatial Interaction: Essays in Honor of David Plane (New Frontiers in Regional Science: Asian Perspectives #40)
by Rachel S. FranklinThis volume is devoted to the geographical—or spatial—aspects of population research in regional science, spanning spatial demographic methods for population composition and migration to studies of internal and international migration to investigations of the role of population in related fields such as climate change and economic growth. If spatial aspects of economic growth and development are the flagship of the regional science discipline, population research is the anchor. People migrate, consume, produce, and demand services. People are the source and beneficiaries of national, regional, and local growth and development. Since the origins of regional science, demographic research has been at the core of the discipline. Contributions in this volume are both retrospective and prospective, offering in their ensemble an authoritative overview of demographic research within the field of regional science.
Population Problems: Topical Issues (Environmental Topics Ser. #Vol. 8)
by J. RoseThe effects of the rapidly expanding human population on the environment and the planet's future is a matter of increasing concern and lively debate. This timely collection of essays discusses some of the most important aspects of the population growth phenomenon and offers potential solutions. Chapters analyse population dynamics, carrying capacity of the environment, water and food supply, effects on tribal societies, and the AIDS pandemic.
Populism and Postcolonialism (Routledge Research on Decoloniality and New Postcolonialisms)
by Adrián Scribano Maximiliano E. Korstanje Freddy Alex Timmermann LópezThis book investigates the interconnections between populism and neoliberalism through the lens of postcolonialism. Its primary focus is to build a distinct understanding of the concept of populism as a political movement in the twenty-first century, interwoven with the lasting effects of colonialism. This volume particularly aims to fill the gap in the current literature by establishing a clear-cut connection between populism and postcolonialism. It sees populism as a contemporary and collective political response to the international crisis of the nation-state’s limited capacity to deal with the burst of global capitalism into everyday life. Writings on Ecuador, Colombia, Chile, Brazil, Italy, France and Argentina offer regional perspectives which, in turn, provide the reader with a deepened global view of the main features of the multiple and complex relations between postcoloniality and populism. This book will be of interest to sociologists, anthropologists and political scientists as well as postgraduate students who are interested in the problem of populism in the days of postcolonialism.
Poquosin
by Jack Temple KirbyJack Temple Kirby charts the history of the low country between the James River in Virginia and Albemarle Sound in North Carolina. The Algonquian word for this country, which means 'swamp-on-a-hill,' was transliterated as 'poquosin' by seventeenth-century English settlers. Interweaving social, political, economic, and military history with the story of the landscape, Kirby shows how Native American, African, and European peoples have adapted to and modified this Tidewater area in the nearly four hundred years since the arrival of Europeans. Kirby argues that European settlement created a lasting division of the region into two distinct zones often in conflict with each other: the cosmopolitan coastal area, open to markets, wealth, and power because of its proximity to navigable rivers and sounds, and a more isolated hinterland, whose people and their way of life were gradually--and grudgingly--subjugated by railroads, canals, and war. Kirby's wide-ranging analysis of the evolving interaction between humans and the landscape offers a unique perspective on familiar historical subjects, including slavery, Nat Turner's rebellion, the Civil War, agricultural modernization, and urbanization.
Poro-Elastic Theory with Applications to Transport in Porous Media
by Dong-Sheng Jeng Lin CuiThis book treats the subject of porous flow and its applications in three engineering and scientific problems. The first major part of the book is devoted to solute transport in unsaturated porous media. Dynamic hydraulic conductivity and degree of saturation associate with pore pressures are also included in the consolidation-induced solute transport process. The second part of this book focuses on tidal dynamics in coastal aquifers, including shallow water expansion for sloping beaches, two-dimensional problem in estuarine zone and leaky confined aquifers. The final part of the book summarizes the recent development of porous model in the field of liquefaction around marine infrastructures including fundamental mechanisms of momentary and residual seabed liquefaction, two-dimensional and three-dimensional porous models for fluid-seabed interactions around breakwaters, pipelines and piled foundations in marine environments. The authors’ aim is to describe in detail the applications of porous models for several engineering problems. This book will provide academic researchers and industry an overview of recent development in the field of porous models and the applications. The Open Access version of this book, available at http://www.taylorfrancis.com, has been made available under a Creative Commons Non Commercial-No Derivatives (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license. Funded by Qingdao University Technology, China