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Oil and National Identity in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq: Conflicts at the Frontier of Petro-Capitalism (Routledge Studies of the Extractive Industries and Sustainable Development)
by Alessandro TintiExamining the interplay between the oil economy and identity politics using the Kurdistan Region of Iraq as a case study, this book tells the untold story of how extractivism in the Kurdish autonomous region is interwoven in a mosaic of territorial disputes, simmering ethnic tensions, dynastic rule, party allegiances, crony patronage, and divergent visions about nature. Since the ousting of Saddam Hussein, the de-facto borders of the Kurdistan Region of Iraq have repeatedly changed, with energy interests playing a major role in such processes of territorialisation. However, relatively little research exists on the topic. This book provides a timely, empirical analysis of the intersections between extractive industries, oil imaginaries, and identity formation in one of the most coveted energy frontiers worldwide. It shines a light on relations between the global production networks of petro-capitalism and extractive localities. Besides the strained federal relationship with the Iraqi central government, the transformative effects the petroleum industry has had on Kurdish society are also explored in depth. Moreover, the book fills a gap in the literature on Kurdish Studies, which has devoted scant attention to energy-related issues in the re-imagination of Kurdish self-determination. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars of the extractive industries, energy studies, conflict studies, Middle Eastern politics, and political ecology.
Oil and Natural Gas Economy in Argentina: The case of Fracking (The Latin American Studies Book Series)
by Victor Bravo Nicolas Di SbroiavaccaThis book gathers four papers authored by Víctor Bravo and Nicolás Di Sbroiavacca, Oil and Natural Gas Engineers, specialized in Energy Economics. The main axis of the book is the application of the exploitation techniques of Oil and Natural Gas in Argentina, by the so-called “conventional” methods, in comparison with the so-called “Fracking”,(name massively used in the First World and particularly in the United States of America). Argentina has important Oil and Natural Gas resources in different regions of its wide geography. To develop these “non-conventional” techniques has generated endless controversies all over the world, mostly due to its estimated environmental impact and the need of significant requirement of large capitals for investment.Argentina is not out of this relevant controversy because in the mind of the maximum national authorities, fracking is one of the main factors that may contribute to generate monetary funds devoted to the payment of the immense foreign debt of this country. Other authors estimate that it is not possible to develop our country just on the basis of the massive exploitation and boundless export of natural resources. Consequently, fracking is undoubtedly a topic of National Energy Politics.In this scenario, a previous analysis of the National Energy Politics of the recent governments of Argentina, after the bloody military dictatorship of 1976-1983 and the return to democratic governments in December 1983. This analysis is done over the chapters “Analysis of the National Law Nº 27007 (known as the “Hydrocarbon Resources Law”) and the Oil and Natural Gas politics”, the “Oil and Natural Gas Politics of the period from 2003 to 2014” and “The Argentine Energy Politics during the 2014-2018 period”. Later on, the “Fracking” case is fully developed with two complementary analyses. One of them is basically centered on the technical and prospective scenarios for “fracking”: ”Shale Oil and Shale Gas in Argentina: Situation and Perspectives”. The other one, ”A technical opinion about Fracking”, contemplates the impacts resulting from the use of these techniques, especially those concerning the environment. Anyhow, each of the chapters are self-contained, thus permitting separate reading of any of them.
Oil and Water: Media Lessons from Hurricane Katrina and the Deepwater Horizon Disaster
by Andrea Miller Shearon Roberts Victoria LapoeAlong the Gulf Coast, history is often referenced as pre-Katrina or post-Katrina. However, the natural disaster that appalled the world in 2005 has been joined by another catastrophe, this one man-made—the greatest environmental and maritime accident of all time, the Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill. In less than five years, the Gulf Coast has experienced two colossal disasters, very different, yet very similar. And these two equally complex crises have resulted in a steep learning curve for all, but especially the journalists covering these enduring stories. In Oil and Water, the authors explore the media-fed experiences, the visuals and narratives associated with both disasters. Katrina journalists have reluctantly had to transform into oil spill journalists. The authors look at this process of growth from the viewpoints not only of the journalists, but also of the public and of the scientific community. Through a detailed analysis of the journalists' content, the authors tackle significant questions. This book assesses the quality of journalism and the effects that quality may have on the public. The authors argue that regardless of the type of journalism involved or the immensity of the events covered, successful reportage still depends on the fundamentals of journalism and the importance of following these tenets consistently in a crisis atmosphere, especially when confronted with enduring crises that are just years apart.
Oil Beach: How Toxic Infrastructure Threatens Life in the Ports of Los Angeles and Beyond
by Christina Dunbar-HesterCan the stories of bananas, whales, sea birds, and otters teach us to reconsider the seaport as a place of ecological violence, tied to oil, capital, and trade? San Pedro Bay, which contains the contiguous Ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach, is a significant site for petroleum shipping and refining as well as one of the largest container shipping ports in the world—some forty percent of containerized imports to the United States pass through this so-called America’s Port. It is also ecologically rich. Built atop a land- and waterscape of vital importance to wildlife, the heavily industrialized Los Angeles Harbor contains estuarial wetlands, the LA River mouth, and a marine ecology where colder and warmer Pacific Ocean waters meet. In this compelling interdisciplinary investigation, award-winning author Christina Dunbar-Hester explores the complex relationships among commerce, empire, environment, and the nonhuman life forms of San Pedro Bay over the last fifty years—a period coinciding with the era of modern environmental regulation in the United States. The LA port complex is not simply a local site, Dunbar-Hester argues, but a node in a network that enables the continued expansion of capitalism, propelling trade as it drives the extraction of natural resources, labor violations, pollution, and other harms. Focusing specifically on cetaceans, bananas, sea birds, and otters whose lives are intertwined with the vitality of the port complex itself, Oil Beach reveals how logistics infrastructure threatens ecologies as it circulates goods and capital—and helps us to consider a future where the accumulation of life and the accumulation of capital are not in violent tension.
Oil Culture
by Ross Barrett Daniel WordenIn the 150 years since the birth of the petroleum industry oil has saturated our culture, fueling our cars and wars, our economy and policies. But just as thoroughly, culture saturates oil. So what exactly is &“oil culture&”? This book pursues an answer through petrocapitalism&’s history in literature, film, fine art, wartime propaganda, and museum displays. Investigating cultural discourses that have taken shape around oil, these essays compose the first sustained attempt to understand how petroleum has suffused the Western imagination.The contributors to this volume examine the oil culture nexus, beginning with the whale oil culture it replaced and analyzing literature and films such as Giant, Sundown, Bernardo Bertolucci&’s La Via del Petrolio, and Ben Okri&’s &“What the Tapster Saw&”; corporate art, museum installations, and contemporary photography; and in apocalyptic visions of environmental disaster and science fiction. By considering oil as both a natural resource and a trope, the authors show how oil&’s dominance is part of culture rather than an economic or physical necessity. Oil Culture sees beyond oil capitalism to alternative modes of energy production and consumption.Contributors: Georgiana Banita, U of Bamberg; Frederick Buell, Queens College; Gerry Canavan, Marquette U; Melanie Doherty, Wesleyan College; Sarah Frohardt-Lane, Ripon College, Matthew T. Huber, Syracuse U; Dolly Jørgensen, Umeå U; Stephanie LeMenager, U of Oregon; Hanna Musiol, Northeastern U; Chad H. Parker, U of Louisiana at Lafayette; Ruth Salvaggio, U of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; Heidi Scott, Florida International U; Imre Szeman, U of Alberta; Michael Watts, U of California, Berkeley; Jennifer Wenzel, Columbia University; Sheena Wilson, U of Alberta; Rochelle Raineri Zuck, U of Minnesota Duluth; Catherine Zuromskis, U of New Mexico.
Oil in the Environment
by John A. WiensWhat light does nearly 25 years of scientific study of the Exxon Valdez oil spill shed on the fate and effects of a spill? How can the results help in assessing future spills? How can ecological risks be assessed and quantified? In this, the first book on the effects of Exxon Valdez in 15 years, scientists directly involved in studying the spill provide a comprehensive perspective on, and synthesis of, scientific information on long-term spill effects. The coverage is multidisciplinary, with chapters discussing a range of issues including effects on biota, successes and failures of post-spill studies and techniques, and areas of continued disagreement. An even-handed and critical examination of more than two decades of scientific study, this is an invaluable guide for studying future oil spills and, more broadly, for unraveling the consequences of any large environmental disruption. For access to a full bibliography of related publications, follow the Resources link at www. cambridge. org/9781107027176.
The Oil Man and the Sea: Navigating the Northern Gateway
by Arno KopeckyA sailing trip along the proposed Northern Gateway marine route with a fresh new voice in non-fiction.With oil and gas behemoth Enbridge Inc.'s Northern Gateway proposal nearing approval, supertankers loaded with two million barrels of oil may soon be plying the waters from northern British Columbia down the wild Pacific Coast. <P><P>This region is home to the largest tract of temperate rainforest on earth, First Nations who have lived there for millennia, and some of the world's most biodiverse waters-one spill is all it will take to erase ten thousand years of evolution.Arno Kopecky and his companions travel aboard a forty-one-foot sailboat exploring the pristine route-a profoundly volatile marine environment that registered 1,275 marine vessel incidents-mechanical failures, collisions, explosions, groundings, and sinkings-between 1999 and 2009 alone. Neither Kopecky nor the boat's owner have ever sailed before, yet they brave these waters alone when their captain leaves them part way through the journey.Written with Kopecky's quick humor and deft touch, this is a rich evocation of a mythic place and the ecology, culture, and history of a legendary region with a knife at its throat.
The Oil of Brazil: Exploration, Technical Capacity, and Geosciences Teaching (1864-1968) (Historical Geography and Geosciences)
by Drielli PeyerlThis book investigates the role of the National Petroleum Council (CNP) and especially of Petrobras in the construction and shaping of courses in Geosciences, as part of the historical process of the search for and exploration of oil, which began in Brazil in 1864 and ended in 1968 with the discovery of the first offshore well.The book explores the history of the discovery of oil in Brazil together with the historical development of oil research and geosciences in Brazil. It also elucidates significant events and developments which occurred between 1864 and 1968 such as the foundation of the Ouro Preto Mining School, the foundation of the CNP and Petrobras and other scientific societies and universities and their contributions to the formation and constitution of geosciences in Brazil. This book also discusses the massive investments by CNP and Petrobras in technical and scientific research for oil exploration in the Brazilian territory.This unique book appeals to scientists, students and professionals in geosciences, history and related fields.
Oil Panic and the Global Crisis
by Steven M. GorelickIs the world running out of oil? This book analyzes predictions of global oil depletion in the context of science, history, and economics.There has been continuing alarm about the imminent exhaustion of earth's non-renewable resources. Yet, the world has never run out of any significant, globally traded, non-renewable resource. Is the world finally facing a non-renewable resource depletion catastrophe, or is the current concern just another one of a succession of panics? In this book, key assumptions and underlying arguments in the global oil-depletion debate are first summarized and then challenged. Facts about oil supply, production, and consumption are made accessible using concise and simple graphics.Concepts of resource depletion, end-use needs, technology leap-frogging, efficiency, and substitution are used to evaluate historical patterns of exploitation of non-renewable resources and to explore what history suggests about our future dependence on oil.This book is aimed at a broad range of readers,from undergraduate students studying resource science and economics to anyone interested in understanding the context of the controversy over global oil depletion."It is a book serious students of the world oil market should read, not because Gorelick has all the answers but because his account is well reasoned, well informed, and argued honestly, with respect for responsible opposing viewpoints."Book Review, Science, May 2010
Oil Pollution Control
by Sonia M. ZaideOil pollution has been a major environmental concern since the 1920s. The search for a solution has ranged from prevention to partial measures coupled with compensation and remedial action. This book, originally published in 1987, offers a different assessment of the efforts of governments and the oil and maritime industries. It was also the first book to provide a comprehensive story of control policies and practices, using primary and secondary sources. The book identified numerous factor – personalities, state policies, developments in the oil and shipping industries, public agitation and scientific studies in a framework useful for analysing any environmental problem.
Oil Pollution in the Baltic Sea
by Andrey G. Kostianoy Olga Yu LavrovaThis thorough review is based on observational satellite, airborne and in-situ data, scientific literature and technical reports, as well as the substantial experience of the authors, who hail from several Baltic Sea countries. They pay special attention to national practices, HELCOM and EMSA CleanSeaNet activities in oil pollution monitoring, and show different applications of the Seatrack Web model for oil spill drift prediction and the identification of illegal polluters, as well as for environmental risk assessment. Furthermore, some of the results on satellite monitoring of the Nord Stream gas pipeline construction in the Gulf of Finland are presented. This volume addresses the needs of specialists working in different fields of marine, environmental, and remote sensing sciences. It is a useful handbook on oil pollution for international and governmental agencies, as well as for policy makers who plan and manage oil and gas projects, the construction of ports and terminals, shipping, fishery, recreation, and tourist activities in the Baltic Sea. It also offers graduate and undergraduate students in marine and environmental sciences a valuable resource and reference work on the subject.
Oil Pollution in the Mediterranean Sea: National Case Studies (The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry #84)
by Angela Carpenter Andrey G. KostianoyThis volume reviews the oil inputs to the Mediterranean Sea from sources such as shipping, offshore oil installations, and oil refineries, presented in a number of national case studies. A regional overview is also presented for the Adriatic Sea. Topics include mapping of oil slicks in the Adriatic, oil exploration and exploitation activities in the waters of the Levantine Basin (Eastern Mediterranean), the oil pollution preparedness and response activities of individual Mediterranean states, bilateral and regional cooperation among the various states, and the risk of pollution from shipping in sensitive sea areas, for example. Together with the companion volume Oil Pollution in the Mediterranean Sea: Part I - The International Context, it addresses both national and international measures in the region, making it of relevance to the agencies and government bodies tasked with remediating or preventing oil pollution, as well as policymakers and practitioners in the fields of shipping, ports and terminals, oil extraction and marine management. It provides researchers with essential reference material on tools and techniques for monitoring oil pollution, and constitutes a valuable resource for undergraduate and post-graduate students in the field of marine oil pollution.
Oil Rig and Superbarge Floating Settlements (Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering #82)
by Joseph LimThis book presents a collection of proposed offshore and nearshore settlements in response to the emerging consequences of climate change. These settlements are counterpoints to megacities with unsustainable ecological footprints. The continuing depletion of natural resources has resulted in displaced communities, prompting the following research questions: What if we floated on sea instead of inefficiently consuming land? Could we use wave energy instead of nuclear energy? How can we replenish food supply and regenerate marine eco-diversity? How would our lives be shaped by new offshore settlements? What would we use as structures for shelter, farming, scaffolding and recreation? Floating cities emerged in the 1960s with Buckminster Fuller’s Triton City and Kenzo Tange’s Tokyo Bay Plan, and current manifestations include Vincent Callebaut’s Lilypad, the Seasteading Institute and the mile-long Freedom Ship housing 50,000 people. As an alternative to these examples, the book proposes the repurposing of three types of marine vessel: jack-up platforms, semi-submersibles and superbarges as sustainable, habitable structures to accommodate 20% of the projected 8.1 billion global population in 2025. The spatially conceived floating settlements include food and energy supplies for housing, recreation, education at sea, post-disaster health care and resettlement for nearshore deployment.
Oil Rig Roughneck (Cool Adventure Careers)
by Geoffrey M. HornThe first group of titles in an ongoing series introduces students to six amazing adventure careers. Geared for reluctant readers in upper elementary school and above, each high-interest title combines easy-to-follow text with engaging on-the-job photos to spark students' interest in reading and career exploration. Each book is filled with descriptive information about the career, along with the skills and requirements needed to pursue a job in the profiled field.
Oil Shales: A Complete Story
by Miryam Glikson-SimpsonThis book provides thorough knowledge and detailed information of oil shales using a range of conventional and unconventional techniques and methodologies combined to elucidate the composition of oil shale deposits. As these rocks are mined for energy production their composition and mineral constituents are of special interests to individuals and communities that are likely to be effected by these resources when mined and processed. The book highlights the environmental and health hazards of the spent shales after processing. These are significantly greater in volume than the rocks originally mined before processing. Toxic metals tend to double and triple their concentrations in the spent shales and will be leached into water sources and soils.Since oil shales as an energy resource are totally uneconomical; all oil shales, their mining and processing are heavily subsidised by governments and institutions using taxpayers money.
Oil Spill Dispersants: Efficacy and Effects
by National Research Council of the National AcademiesApproximately 3 million gallons of oil or refined petroleum products are spilled into U.S. waters every year. Oil dispersants (chemical agents such as surfactants, solvents, and other compounds) are used to reduce the effect of oil spills by changing the chemical and physical properties of the oil. By enhancing the amount of oil that physically mixes into the water, dispersants can reduce the potential that a surface slick will contaminate shoreline habitats. Although called for in the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 as a tool for minimizing the impact of oil spills, the use of chemical dispersants has long been controversial. This book reviews the adequacy of existing information and ongoing research regarding the effectiveness of dispersants as an oil spill response technique, as well as the effect of dispersed oil on marine and coastal ecosystems. Oil Spill Dispersants also includes recommended steps for policy makers faced with making hard choices regarding the use of dispersants as part of spill contingency planning efforts or during actual spills.
Oil Spill Occurrence, Simulation, and Behavior (Fuels and Petrochemicals)
by M.R. RiaziOil Spill Occurrence, Simulation, and Behavior provides practical insight into oil spills and their causes, impacts, response and cleanup methods, simple and advanced modeling of oil spill behavior, and oil spill simulation techniques. Discusses various sources of oil spills and major accidents Includes case studies on the 2010 Gulf of Mexico oil spill, including environmental, economic, and political impacts, modeling and behavior as well as response and cleanup methods Introduces some commercial softwares on predicting oil movement and spreading on water Describes properties and characteristics of crude oil and its products needed for simulation and prediction of behavior of an oil slick Written as an applied book with minimal math and theory, making it accessible to a wide range of readers The book includes more than 100 unique and informative images in color This essential book is aimed at professionals, academics, and scientists in the fields of chemical engineering, petroleum engineering, environmental engineering, marine and ocean engineering working on the simulation and modeling, mitigation, and prevention of oil spills.
Oilfield Chemistry
by Caili Dai Fulin ZhaoThis book provides comprehensive information on the youngest member of the petroleum sciences family: Oilfield Chemistry, proposes the chemical agents for addressing current problems, and explains the functions, mechanisms and synergistic effects of various chemical agents
Ökobilanzen (essentials)
by Janet Rothe Melanie GlügeSeit der Industrialisierung im 18. Jahrhundert haben sich Ansprüche an Produkte und ihre Produktionsweise geändert. Kunden sind sich im 21. Jahrhundert der Tragweite ihrer Kaufentscheidung bewusster, sodass Hintergrundwissen zu Produktionsbedingungen und Lieferketten eine immer wichtigere Rolle spielen. Mit Hilfe von Produkt-Ökobilanzen ist eine Ermittlung von umweltschonenderen Produktionsverfahren möglich. Ziel dieses Buches ist es, Ihnen diese Ermittlungsverfahren einfach und praxisnah zu erklären. Wie erstellt man eine Ökobilanz? Anhand von realistischen Beispielen wird gezeigt, wie eine Ökobilanz aufgebaut ist, wie bilanziert und berechnet wird.
Ökologisch nachhaltiges Wirtschaften: Grundlagen einer zukunftsfähigen Entwicklung (essentials)
by Thomas GöllingerIn diesem essential werden die wichtigsten Grundlagen des ökologisch nachhaltigen Wirtschaftens erläutert. Nach einer kompakten Klärung der verschiedenen Verständnisse und Bedeutungen von „Nachhaltigkeit“ und „Nachhaltiger Entwicklung“ erfolgt eine Darlegung der prinzipiellen Problematik im Kontext von Ökologie und Ökonomie. Eine Erörterung der diversen Handlungsfelder und Strategieoptionen zeigt die vielfältigen Möglichkeiten bezüglich Effizienz-, Konsistenz- und Suffizienz-Innovationen auf. Schließlich erfolgt ein Blick auf die aktuellen Herausforderungen des Nachhaltigkeitsmanagements.
Ökologisch-ökonomische und sozio-ökologische Strategien zur Erhaltung der Wälder: Ein transdisziplinärer Ansatz mit Fokus auf Chile und Brasilien
by Felix Fuders Pablo J. DonosoIn diesem Buch werden Strategien zur Verbesserung der Widerstandsfähigkeit und des Schutzes der gemäßigten Wälder in Südamerika vorgeschlagen, damit diese Wälder auf nachhaltige Weise Ökosystemleistungen erbringen können. Als solches trägt es zum Entwurf eines widerstandsfähigen Mensch-Wald-Modells bei, das die Multikulturalität lokaler Gemeinschaften berücksichtigt und in vielen Fällen Aspekte der ökologischen Ökonomie, der Entwicklungsökonomie und der territorialen Entwicklungsplanung einbezieht, die mit indigenen Völkern oder „First Nations“ zu tun haben. Darüber hinaus werden Vorschläge für öffentliche und territoriale Politiken unterbreitet, die den Erhaltungszustand der einheimischen Wälder und Waldökosysteme verbessern, und zwar auf der Grundlage einer kritischen Analyse der wirtschaftlichen Faktoren, die zur Degradierung der Waldökosysteme im heutigen Südamerika führen.Dieses Buch wurde von Mitgliedern des Transdisziplinären Forschungszentrums für soziale und ökologische Strategien zur nachhaltigen Waldbewirtschaftung in Südamerika an der Universidad Austral de Chile konzipiert. Es enthält Beiträge von renommierten Forschern aus der ganzen Welt, die die Bereiche Wirtschaft, Ökologie, Biologie, Anthropologie, Soziologie und Statistik miteinander verbinden. Es handelt sich jedoch nicht einfach um eine Sammlung von Arbeiten, die von Autoren aus verschiedenen Disziplinen verfasst wurden. Vielmehr erhebt jedes Kapitel den Anspruch, in sich selbst transdisziplinär zu sein. Dieser Ansatz macht das Buch zu einem einzigartigen Beitrag zur Verbesserung sozialer, betriebswirtschaftlicher und politischer Ansätze in der Waldbewirtschaftung, die dazu beitragen, die Ökosystemleistungen des Waldes zu schützen und nachhaltiger zu gestalten. Dies wiederum kommt den lokalen Gemeinschaften und der Gesellschaft als Ganzes zugute, indem die negativen externen Effekte der Forstwirtschaft verringert und die Zukunftschancen verbessert werden.
Ökologische Aufwertung von Seedeichsystemen: Erste Planungsempfehlungen für die Praxis mit aktuellen Erkenntnissen aus der Wissenschaft (Wasser: Ökologie und Bewirtschaftung)
by Holger Schüttrumpf Babette ScheresSeedeiche stellen ein wichtiges Element des deutschen Küstenschutzes dar. Bei der Planung und Konstruktion von Seedeichen werden die hydraulischen Belastungen (d. h. Wasserstände und Wellenparameter) sowie die geotechnischen (z. B. Bodenparameter) und lokalen Randbedingungen (z. B. Platzverhältnisse) einbezogen. Umwelt- und naturschutzfachliche Aspekte werden bislang lediglich durch Nutzung lokaler Ressourcen und Minimalisierung des Ressourcenverbrauchs sowie Ausgleichsmaßnahmen berücksichtigt. Möglichkeiten zur ökologischen Aufwertung des Seedeichsystems stellen (i) natürliche oder naturbasierte Lösungen im Vorland und (ii) eine angepasste Gestaltung des Deichbauwerks selbst dar. Das geplante Werk stellt auf Grundlage aktueller wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse erste Empfehlungen für Bemessung, Konstruktion, Monitoring und Unterhaltung ökologisch aufgewerteter Seedeiche zusammen, die eine Steigerung des ökosystemaren Werts unter gleichzeitiger Beachtung der Deichsicherheit ermöglichen.
Ökologische Materialien in der Baubranche: Eine Übersicht der Möglichkeiten und Innovationen (essentials)
by Hannes Bäuerle Marie-Theres LohmannDieses essential zeigt wirksame und innovative Materialbeispiele, die maßgeblich für ein besseres Raumklima eigesetzt werden können und erklärt gleichzeitig, warum ein Umdenken in Richtung Nachhaltigkeit in der Baubranche wichtig ist. Einleitend gibt es einen kurzen Einblick in die Thematik rund um Ökologie und Nachhaltigkeit. Beispielhafte Materialien unterschiedlicher Bereiche und Möglichkeiten der Entsorgung werden aufgeführt. Zudem wird eine denkbare Zukunft im Baubereich fokussiert. Somit bietet das essential einen informativen Rundumblick in die Welt des nachhaltigen Bauens.
Ökonomische Bewertung städtischer Verkehrssysteme: Kosten des Stadtverkehrs – Welche Kosten verursachen verschiedene Verkehrsmittel wirklich?
by Carsten Sommer Assadollah Saighani Daniel LeonhäuserDas Buch unterstützt bei der Anwendung der Verfahren für die Planungspraxis zur stätischen (urbanen) Verkehrssystemen und gibt Anleitung für die Interpretation der Ergebnisse. Neben direkten finanziellen Wirkungen verursacht städtischer Verkehr eine Reihe externer Effekte (u.a. Unfall-, Umwelt- und Klimakosten), die jedoch nicht von den Verkehrsteilnehmern, sondern von Dritten getragen werden. Der erste Schritt zur Beantwortung zahlreicher Fragen der Verkehrspolitik, der strategischen Verkehrsplanung und der Verkehrswissenschaft stellt eine Kostentransparenz im Verkehr dar. Für eine nachhaltige und effiziente Verkehrs- und Infrastrukturplanung sind daher Erkenntnisse über die Kosten der unterschiedlichen Verkehrsarten von hoher Bedeutung. Das vorliegende Buch stellt ein neues Bewertungsverfahren vor, das einen vollständigen und verkehrsmittelübergreifenden Überblick über die ökonomischen Wirkungen städtischen Verkehrs ermöglicht. Unter anderem sind die erforderlichen Eingangsgrößen, Annahmen und Berechnungsvorschriften beschrieben und mit Hinweisen für die Praxis sowie Beispielrechnungen und schematischen Darstellungen ergänzt.
Ökonomische Bewertung wasserwirtschaftlicher Systeme: Economics of Water Resources Management (Wasser: Ökologie und Bewirtschaftung)
by Martin GochtDieses Buch vermittelt die notwendigen volkswirtschaftlichen und privatwirtschaftlichen Grundlagen zur Beurteilung wasserwirtschaftlicher Projekte. Es vermittelt die unterschiedlichen Perspektive, ohne deren Berücksichtigung die Ergebnisse leicht falsch verstanden werden. This book provides the necessary fundamentals for assessing water management projects in public economics and in the private-sector. It conveys the different perspectives to the readers, that are needed to prevent missinterpretation of results.