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The Cost of Being Landlocked: Logistics, Costs, and Supply Chain Reliability
by Gaël Raballand Jean-François Marteau Jean-François Arvis'The Cost of Being Landlocked' proposes a new analytical framework to interpret and model the constraints faced by logistics chains on international trade corridors. The plight of landlocked developing countries (LLDCs) has naturally received special attention for decades, leading to a specific set of development priorities based upon the concept of dependence on the transit state. Therefore, the standard approach used to tackle the cost of being landlocked has been predominantly aimed at developing regional transport infrastructure and ensuring freedom of transit through regional conventions. But without sufficient attention given to the performance of logistics service delivery to traders, the standard approach is unable to address key bottleneck concerns and the factors that contribute to the cost of being landlocked. Consequently, the impact of massive investment on trade corridors could not materialize to its full extent. Based on extensive data collection in several regions of the world, this book argues that although landlocked developing countries do face high logistics costs, these costs are not a result of poor road infrastructure, since transport prices largely depend on trucking market structure and implementation of transit processes. This book suggests that high logistics costs in LLDCs are a result of low logistics reliability and predictability, which stem from rent-seeking and governance issues. 'The Cost of Being Landlocked' will serve as a useful guide for policy makers, supervisory authorities, and development agencies.
The Costs of the Common Agricultural Policy (Routledge Library Editions: Agriculture #7)
by Kenneth J. Thomson Allan E. Buckwell David R. Harvey Kevin A. PartonFirst published in 1982. Considerable public controversy surrounded the large amount of public expenditure devoted to agriculture under the European Community’s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP). There were serious disputes over how the farm support system operated and how it was financed. This book describes the CAP situation and summarises previous attempts to assess some of the economic and financial flows arising from its creation using a common framework of well-established economic theory and methods. The CAP turned out to have a number of ‘costs’, depending on the concept of ‘cost’ used, the alternative policies considered, and the various assumptions made. The bulk of the book presents the structure and results of a comprehensive model of European Community agricultural markets and the associated CAP support mechanisms. This model is validated against official Community budget figures and then run to simulate a number of policy options and their consequences. This title will be of interest to students of economics, geography and agriculture.
The Cotton Plantation South since the Civil War (Creating the North American Landscape)
by Charles S. AikenWinner of the J. B. Jackson Prize from the Association of American GeographersOriginally published in 1998. "The plantation," writes Charles Aiken, "is among the most misunderstood institutions of American history. The demise of the plantation has been pronounced many times, but the large industrial farms survive as significant parts of, not just the South's, but the nation's agriculture."In this sweeping historical and geographical account, Aiken traces the development of the Southern cotton plantation since the Civil War—from the emergence of tenancy after 1865, through its decline during the Depression, to the post-World War Two development of the large industrial farm.Tracing the geographical changes in plantation agriculture and the plantation regions after 1865, Aiken shows how the altered landscape of the South has led many to the false conclusion that the plantation has vanished. In fact, he explains, while certain regions of the South have reverted to other uses, the cotton plantation survives in a form that is, in many ways, remarkably similar to that of its antebellum predecessors.Aiken also describes the evolving relationship of African-Americans to the cotton plantation during the thirteen decades of economic, social, and political changes from Reconstruction through the War on Poverty—including the impact of alterations in plantation agriculture and the mass migration of Southern blacks to the urban North during the twentieth century.Richly illustrated with more than 130 maps and photographs (many original and many from FSA photographers), The Cotton Plantation South is a vivid and colorful account of landscape, geography, race, politics, and civil rights as they relate to one of America's most enduring and familiar institutions.
The Cougar Conundrum: Sharing the World with a Successful Predator
by Mark ElbrochThe relationship between humans and mountain lions has always been uneasy. A century ago, mountain lions were vilified as a threat to livestock and hunted to the verge of extinction. In recent years, this keystone predator has made a remarkable comeback, but today humans and mountain lions appear destined for a collision course. Its recovery has led to an unexpected conundrum: Do more mountain lions mean they're a threat to humans and domestic animals? Or, are mountain lions still in need of our help and protection as their habitat dwindles and they're forced into the edges and crevices of communities to survive? Mountain lion biologist and expert Mark Elbroch welcomes these tough questions. He dismisses long-held myths about mountain lions and uses groundbreaking science to uncover important new information about their social habits. Elbroch argues that humans and mountain lions can peacefully coexist in close proximity if we ignore uninformed hype and instead arm ourselves with knowledge and common sense. He walks us through the realities of human safety in the presence of mountain lions, livestock safety, competition with hunters for deer and elk, and threats to rare species, dispelling the paranoia with facts and logic. In the last few chapters, he touches on human impacts on mountain lions and the need for a sensible management strategy. The result, he argues, is a win-win for humans, mountain lions, and the ecosystems that depend on keystone predators to keep them in healthy balance. The Cougar Conundrum delivers a clear-eyed assessment of a modern wildlife challenge, offering practical advice for wildlife managers, conservationists, hunters, and those in the wildland-urban interface who share their habitat with large predators.
The Countryside Ideal: Anglo-American Images of Landscape
by Michael Bunce`God made the country, man made the town.' William Cowper's words, written two centuries ago, underline an idealisation of rural life and landscape which persists to this day. What are the main historical processes and ideas underlying the continuing attachment to the countryside? How have these shaped popular values and lifestyles influenced artistic expression, defined attitudes to nature, country life and 8andscape, and affected the development of both rural and urban landscapes? What are the consequences for society and the environment? These are the central questions addressed in this book. The Countryside Ideal draws together diverse images of landscape to explore this preoccupation with place, culture and representation in the West.
The Countryside: Planning and Change (Routledge Revivals)
by Andrew Gilg Mark BlacksellThe Countryside: Planning and Change (1981) examines the relationship between policies and their actual effects on the countryside, throwing light on the problems inherent in a fragmented approach to policy-making. It looks at the underlying reasons for change in the rural environment first and then the governmental response as reflected in powers assumed and rights granted to guide and direct rural development. The way in which land-use changes have been affected by public policies is then examined in further detail, with particular attention to settlements. Detailed case studies are utilised for this purpose.
The Courant–Friedrichs–Lewy (CFL) Condition
by Carlos A. de Moura Carlos S. KubruslyThis volume comprises a carefully selected collection of articles emerging from and pertinent to the 2010 CFL-80 conference in Rio de Janeiro, celebrating the 80th anniversary of the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) condition. A major result in the field of numerical analysis, the CFL condition has influenced the research of many important mathematicians over the past eight decades, and this work is meant to take stock of its most important and current applications. The Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy (CFL) Condition: 80 Years After its Discovery will be of interest to practicing mathematicians, engineers, physicists, and graduate students who work with numerical methods.
The Cow with Ear Tag #1389
by Kathryn GillespieTo translate the journey from a living cow to a glass of milk into tangible terms, Kathryn Gillespie set out to follow the moments in the life cycles of individual animals—animals like the cow with ear tag #1389. She explores how the seemingly benign practice of raising animals for milk is just one link in a chain that affects livestock across the agricultural spectrum. Gillespie takes readers to farms, auction yards, slaughterhouses, and even rendering plants to show how living cows become food. The result is an empathetic look at cows and our relationship with them, one that makes both their lives and their suffering real.
The Cranefly Orchid Murders (A Martha's Vineyard/Victoria Trumbull Mystery #2)
by Cynthia RiggsNinety-two-year-old Martha's Vineyard native Victoria Trumbull knows more about the island, its people, and its history than anyone else living. So when Phoebe Eldridge sells her family land to a developer, the Conservation Trust enlists Victoria to search the land for an endangered plant, since the state prohibits bulldozing rare-plant habitats. Delighted to add another purpose to her daily walks, Victoria sets out with an eleven-year-old assistant and the "endangered" list in hand. Her first find, though, is the body of the developer's rather dubious attorney. Victoria is a most unusual amateur detecctive at her advanced age. Join her as she spins out factual information about this beautiful New England island which she has accumulated in her 92 years living there. She uses a cane, must rest often, suffers from a sore toe which won't fit in her shoes, and confidently deals with residents and tourists of all ages combining knowledge from the past and present to solve crimes. Look for the rest of the books in the cozy Victoria Trumbull/Martha's Vineyard mystery series in the Bookshare collection including #1 Deadly Nightshade, #3 The Cemetery Yew, #4 Jack in the Pulpit, #5 The Paperwhite Narcissus and 7 more.
The Creation of the American States
by A. Ward BurianThe fascinating story of how and why all fifty American states were formed—and how they became a part of history&’s greatest social experiment. Every US state has a unique history that deserves a separate book. The Creation of the American States provides readers with essential information on how each of the fifty states came into being. From the time of the first explorers and settlers to the present day, A. Ward Burian tells the story of how the America was established over the course of four hundred years. He examines what motivated brave souls to venture into an unknown wilderness and then delves into the time frame for each state&’s discovery, settlement, and consolidation into the United States. With brief biographies interjected that spark human interest and provide perspective to what was taking place, The Creation of the American States shares a better understanding of how the North American continent was transformed from a wilderness into a powerful nation—state by state.
The Creation: An Appeal to Save Life on Earth
by Edward O. WilsonIn this daring work, Edward O. Wilson proposes an alliance between science and religion to save Earth's vanishing biodiversity.
The Creative Arts in Governance of Urban Renewal and Development (Routledge Explorations in Environmental Studies)
by Rory ShandThis book focuses on the role of the creative sector in the governance of urban renewal and economic development initiatives. Rory Shand examines the ways in which both the top-down nature of the creative sector, and the bottom-up roles of creative arts organisations, drive development and engage with local communities or areas in regeneration projects that target employment, training and education, as well as social engagement. Underpinning these projects are governance mechanisms, through delivery, funding and participation. Drawing on case studies from the UK, Germany and Canada, Shand compares national creative sector policies and creative arts bodies engaged in the governance of urban renewal and development programmes, as well as including a comparative chapter offering an overview of best and worst practice, which also examines and summarises the key themes across both theory and practice. In his concluding remarks, he highlights and discusses the key challenges posed by governance mechanisms to urban renewal and economic development programmes and identifies future comparative case studies in the field. This book will be of great interest to students of environmental studies, public policy and politics and geography, as well as being a relevant resource for practitioners from NGOs, local and national levels of governments and community projects.
The Creative Lives of Animals (Animals in Context)
by Carol GigliottiWinner of the 2023 Nautilus Book Award in the category of Animals & NatureThe surprising, fascinating, and remarkable ways that animals use creativity to thrive in their habitatsMost of us view animals through a very narrow lens, seeing only bits and pieces of beings that seem mostly peripheral to our lives. However, whether animals are building a shelter, seducing a mate, or inventing a new game, animals’ creative choices affect their social, cultural, and environmental worlds.The Creative Lives of Animals offers readers intimate glimpses of creativity in the lives of animals, from elephants to alligators to ants. Drawing on a growing body of scientific research, Carol Gigliotti unpacks examples of creativity demonstrated by animals through the lens of the creative process, an important component of creative behavior, and offers new thinking on animal intelligence, emotion, and self-awareness. With examples of the elaborate dams built by beavers or the lavishly decorated bowers of bowerbirds, Gigliotti provides a new perspective on animals as agents in their own lives, as valuable contributors to their world and ours, and as guides in understanding how creativity may contribute to conserving the natural world. Presenting a powerful argument for the importance of recognizing animals as individuals and as creators of a healthy, biodiverse world, this book offers insights into both the established and emerging questions about the creativity of animals.
The Creative Mindset: Mastering the Six Skills That Empower Innovation
by Jeff DeGraff Staney DeGraff&“Jeff and Staney emphasize that small acts of creativity can have huge consequences and that ordinary people can do extraordinary things if they can see the opportunities in front of them.&”—Mitch Jacobson, Executive Director, Austin Technology Incubator, UT Blackstone LaunchPad, University of Texas at AustinNearly all of today's major innovation workshops and programs call on organizations to drive innovation. What they miss is that innovation comes from the personal creativity of individuals. And creativity doesn't require an advanced education or technical skills—all employees can be creative. Often, all they lack is a fitting mindset and the right skills. The Creative Mindset brings how-to advice, tools, and techniques from two master innovators who have taught and worked with over half of all Fortune 500 companies. Jeff and Staney DeGraff introduce six essential creative-thinking skills that can be easily mastered with limited practice and remembered as the acronym CREATE: Concentrate, Replicate, Elaborate, Associate, Translate, and Evaluate. These six skills, sequenced as steps, simplify and summarize the most important research on creative thinking and draw on over thirty years of real-world application in some of the most innovative organizations in the world. It's time to rethink the way we make innovation happen. Individual creativity is an immense untapped resource, and you don't have to be Beethoven to make a big difference. As the spirit of chef Gusteau proclaims in the Pixar classic Ratatouille, &“Anyone can cook.&”
The Crisis of Climate Change: Weather Report
by Ravi Agarwal Omita GoyalThis volume outlines the specific conditions and responses to climate change in India. It discusses various aspects of the planetary crisis that have acquired widespread global urgency: global warming induced by anthropogenic emissions, largely owing to the fossil fuel-based economic growth model; severe environmental decline; and the catastrophic consequences that threaten the very foundations of modern life, which has been based on using nature as a ‘resource’ instead of as an ecosystem in which human life exists. The book brings together contributors with expertise in fi elds as varied as national security, public policy, environmental law, climate justice activism, anthropology, restoration ecology, conservation biology, wildlife ecology, the health sector and medicine, conservation science and sustainability, gender, humanities and the creative arts. It includes a new spectrum of responses—holistic or alternate, literary and the arts, dance and poetry—and their interface with climate change, which are often left out in science and policy circles, and an unusual ground-up approach with grassroots movements’ perspectives along with theoretical practices and a Gandhian way of thinking in a global economy. Comprehensive, accessible and topical, this book will be useful to scholars and researchers of environmental and sustainability studies, natural resources, environment and technology, sociology of development, development studies, public policy, energy and environment and urbanisation. It will also interest practitioners, policymakers, think tanks and NGOs working on climate change issues.
The Crisis of Global Modernity
by Prasenjit DuaraIn this major new study, Prasenjit Duara expands his influential theoretical framework to present circulatory, transnational histories as an alternative to nationalist history. Duara argues that the present day is defined by the intersection of three global changes: the rise of non-western powers, the crisis of environmental sustainability and the loss of authoritative sources of what he terms transcendence - the ideals, principles and ethics once found in religions or political ideologies. The physical salvation of the world is becoming - and must become - the transcendent goal of our times, but this goal must transcend national sovereignty if it is to succeed. Duara suggests that a viable foundation for sustainability might be found in the traditions of Asia, which offer different ways of understanding the relationship between the personal, ecological and universal. These traditions must be understood through the ways they have circulated and converged with contemporary developments.
The Crisis of London
by Andy ThornleyLondon is in a mess. This is evident from the increasingly unpleasant experience of daily life in the capital, from homelessness and unemployment to frustrating transport facilities and the general bad quality of the environment. However it is not only citizens of London who are suffering but the business community as well. London is having to face increasing competition from other European cities. There is growing appreciation and debate about these problems from companies, political parties, local government and community organisations. The Crisis of London provides a solid analysis of what has gone wrong and explores policy directions that could make the city a more humane and livable place. Beginning with a discussion of the basic elements of a home, a job and a means of travelling around, it becomes clear that even in these essential aspects London is failing. A feature of the crisis is an increasingly divided city with conditions for the poorer citizens worsening all the time. The authors consider the quality of the environment. They examine the greening of the city and the need for sustainability, the privatisation and dehumanisation of public spaces; the fear experienced by women, denying them full access to the capital; the position of ethnic minorities, and the perspectives of local communities. Using the case studies of Docklands and Kings Cross, the author's raise the crucial question of the government of the capital. This review of the city concludes with an analysis of a potential vision for London involving both the creation of the necessary institutional structures and also the will to address the needs of all the capital's citizens. The authors argue that a strategic approach is needed which accepts that the market alone cannot solve the problem. Stronger public intervention and government action is necessary if London is to match the developments in other European cities.
The Crisis of Rural Poverty and Hunger: An Essay on the Complementarity between Market- and Government-Led Land Reform for its Resolution (Routledge Studies In Development Economics Ser.)
by M. Riad El-GhonemyM. Riad El-Ghonemy argues that if current trends in government-led and market based land reforms persist the rural poor population in developing countries will continue to rise.Based on nearly half a century of academic and field research this valuable work presents compelling evidence on persistent rural poverty, hunger and increased inequality in
The Critical Villager: Beyond Community Participation
by Eric DudleyWhen aid to the Third World actually works it is usually on such a small scale that it makes little impact on the world's problems. Can demands for generalizable actions be reconciled with location-specific solutions? The Critical Villager considers how community-based technical aid can be made more effective and sustainable. Calling for development workers, policy makers and researchers to put themselves in the place of the intended beneficiaries of aid, it suggests concrete principles for action and research. It argues that participatory research and 'transfer of technology' should not be regarded as rival models for development but rather as complementary components in a single process of effective aid.
The Cropland Crisis: Myth or Reality? (RFF Agriculture and Fisheries Set)
by Pierre CrossonThis book examines the factors affecting the demand for agricultural land in the United States and the costs of meeting increasing demand. Originally published in 1982
The Crosby Arboretum: A Sustainable Regional Landscape (Reading the American Landscape)
by Robert F. Brzuszek Neil G. OdenwaldSince its genesis in 1980, Crosby Arboretum in southern Mississippi has attracted international recognition for its contributions to architecture, biology, and landscape design. Now owned and operated by Mississippi State University, Crosby is the first fully realized ecologically designed arboretum in the United States and the premier native plant conservatory in the Southeast.Former site director and curator Robert F. Brzuszek provides a detailed survey of the arboretum's origins, planning, construction, and ongoing management. More than just a botanical center, Crosby emerged as one of the first American landscape projects to successfully balance natural habitat and planned design. The book's generous selection of photographs and drawings illustrate the beauty and purpose of the site's components: the award-winning Pinecote Pavilion, designed by architect Fay Jones; a 104-acre focus area that includes the Piney Woods Lake, which displays native water plants in their natural setting; and seven hundred additional acres of savanna, woodland, and aquatic environments that nurture more than 300 species of indigenous trees, shrubs, wildflowers, and grasses. Utilizing the interactions between two opposing natural forces -- fire and water -- Crosby Arboretum protects the biological diversity indigenous to the Pearl River Drainage Basin, in southern Mississippi and southeastern Louisiana. Brzuszek's inspiring and informative account will help further Crosby's role as a model of sustainable landscape design and management across the country.
The Crowded Greenhouse: Population, Climate Change, and Creating a Sustainable World
by John Firor Judith JacobsenWhat is the best way to move our planet to a safe and sustainable future? This book focuses on two global issues - rapid population growth and a human-induced climate change caused by emissions - that lie at the heart of this problem. John Firor and Judith Jacobsen summarize the current status of these two issues, show how they are related to one another, and prescribe steps that governments, economies, societies, and individuals can adopt to ensure their stability." --BOOK JACKET. Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
The Cryosphere (Princeton Primers in Climate #4)
by Shawn J. MarshallThe cryosphere encompasses the Earth's snow and ice masses. It is a critical part of our planet's climate system, one that is especially at risk from climate change and global warming. The Cryosphere provides an essential introduction to the subject, written by one of the world's leading experts in Earth-system science. In this primer, glaciologist Shawn Marshall introduces readers to the cryosphere and the broader role it plays in our global climate system. After giving a concise overview, he fully explains each component of the cryosphere and how it works--seasonal snow, permafrost, river and lake ice, sea ice, glaciers, ice sheets, and ice shelves. Marshall describes how snow and ice interact with our atmosphere and oceans and how they influence climate, sea level, and ocean circulation. He looks at the cryosphere's role in past ice ages and considers the changing cryosphere's future impact on our landscape, oceans, and climate. Accessible and authoritative, this primer also features a glossary of key terms, suggestions for further reading, explanations of equations, and a discussion of open research questions in the field.
The Crystal Bible, Volume 3 (Godsfield Bibles Ser.)
by Judy HallFeatured in Kindred Spiritmagazine, this third volumeof the best-selling Crystal Bible books presents more than 250 new generation, high-vibration stones for healing and transformation. Included are many new and rare minerals whose esoteric properties are not described elsewhere. This essential guide also includes a section on crystal skulls, crystal beings, Madagascan stones, and how to work with the 'new' chakras, such as the Soul Star and Manifestation chakras, that are stimulated by the powerful crystals featured. Your Crystal Bible Volume 3 includes... Crystal Reference Crystal Innovations Crystal Beings Crystal Structure High Vibration Crystals Exploring Crystal Potential Crystal Skulls Building in Stone The Madagascar Stones Crystal Directory Awakening Crystals Physical and Subtle Anatomy Chakras Associations The 'New Chakras Healing Grids Making a Gem Essence ...And Much More!
The Crystal Bible, Volume 3: Godsfield Bibles
by Judy HallFeatured in Kindred Spiritmagazine, this third volumeof the best-selling Crystal Bible books presents more than 250 new generation, high-vibration stones for healing and transformation.Included are many new and rare minerals whose esoteric properties are not described elsewhere.This essential guide also includes a section on crystal skulls, crystal beings, Madagascan stones, and how to work with the 'new' chakras, such as the Soul Star and Manifestation chakras, that are stimulated by the powerful crystals featured.Your Crystal Bible Volume 3 includes...Crystal ReferenceCrystal InnovationsCrystal BeingsCrystal StructureHigh Vibration CrystalsExploring Crystal PotentialCrystal SkullsBuilding in StoneThe Madagascar StonesCrystal DirectoryAwakening CrystalsPhysical and Subtle AnatomyChakras AssociationsThe 'New ChakrasHealing GridsMaking a Gem Essence...And Much More!