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Conserve It! (Saving Our Planet)
by Mary BooneIntroduces early readers to environmentalist concepts including drought, water conservation, and wetlands conservation, and what they can do to help the environment. Features real-life examples of kids who have made a difference.
Conserving 20th-Century Architecture: The Conservation Management Plan (Research for Development)
by Maria Paola Borgarino Davide Del CurtoThis book offers an international overview of how to apply the Conservation Management Plan (CMP) to the 20th-century architectural heritage. Although the CMP is universally considered a fundamental tool for sustainable management of the built heritage, the application to 20th-century buildings is still limited. The book illustrates selected case studies from different countries to discuss how best to preserve the authenticity of the original materials, manage changes in use, engage users and stakeholders in this process, and make conservation and sustainability work together. "Conserving 20th-century architecture" will provide insights for scholars and students and assist architects in drafting an effective conservation management plan.
Conserving and Managing Historical Urban Landscape: An Integrated Morphological Approach (The Urban Book Series)
by Xiaoxi Li Ye ZhangThis book focuses on urban morphology and its application to urban conservation and management. The rapid disappearance of historical urban landscapes, especially in developing countries, is largely attributed to the lack of historic awareness and broad-brush demolition and redevelopment in urban development. The book provides a new, integrated morphological approach that enables fine-grained and cross-scale examination of urban form based on both its historicity and socio-economic potential, with the aims of informing more responsive and context-specific conservation and management of historical urban landscapes. The robustness of this new approach and the feasibility of its application to urban conservation practice are tested and demonstrated by three case studies in drastically different cultural contexts, namely Ludlow, a medieval town in the UK, Chinatown in Singapore and a historic quarter in Nanjing, China. Combining historico-geographical and configurational approaches, the book also makes a significant breakthrough in terms of coordinating and synthesizing different traditions of urban morphology, which has been a key challenge to this field over the past decades. In addition, by using multi-source data, ranging from conventional cartographic maps to computer-generated and open online data, the integrated approach innovatively relates qualitative and quantitative aspects of urban form and links the qualitative and quantitative analyses of formal structure. As an interdisciplinary study merging geography, urban history, urban planning and design, this book is to be primarily used as a reference book for graduate students and scholars in various fields who are interested in urban form and urban conservation and management. In addition, it offers practitioners in urban planning and design a useful tool for managing changes in historical urban landscapes. Lastly, it contributes to developing a common platform to facilitate dialogues among various stakeholders and participants in urban conservation practice.
Conserving and Valuing Ecosystem Services and Biodiversity: Economic, Institutional and Social Challenges
by K. N. NinanThis book comprehensively addresses the economic, social and institutional difficulties in conserving biodiversity and the ecosystem services that it provides. It covers a wide range of issues such as biodiversity, ecosystem services and valuation in the context of diverse ecosystems such as tropical forests, marine areas, wetlands and agricultural landscapes, non-timber forest products, incentives and institutions, payments for ecosystem services, governance, intellectual property rights and the protection of traditional knowledge, management of protected areas, and climate change and biodiversity. It also covers the application of environmental economics and institutional economics to different cases and the use of techniques such as contingent valuation method and game theory. The book spans the globe with case studies drawn from a cross section of regions and continents including the UK, US, Europe, Australia, India, Africa and South America.
Conserving Cultural Landscapes: Challenges and New Directions (Routledge Studies In Heritage Ser.)
by Ken Taylor, Archer Clair and Nora J. MitchellNew approaches to both cultural landscapes and historic urban landscapes increasingly recognize the need to guide future change, rather than simply protecting the fabric of the past. Challenging traditional notions of historic preservation, Conserving Cultural Landscapes takes a dynamic multifaceted approach to conservation. It builds on the premise that a successful approach to urban and cultural landscape conservation recognizes cultural as well as natural values, sustains traditional connections to place, and engages people in stewardship where they live and work. It brings together academics within the humanities and humanistic social sciences, conservation and preservation professionals, practitioners, and stakeholders to rethink the meaning and practice of cultural heritage conservation, encourage international cooperation, and stimulate collaborative research and scholarship.
Conserving Europe's Wildlife: Law and Policy of the Natura 2000 Network of Protected Areas (Routledge Research in International Environmental Law)
by Andrew L.R. JacksonThe Natura 2000 network of protected areas is the centrepiece of European Union nature policy, currently covering almost one-fifth of the EU’s entire land territory plus large marine areas. This vast EU-wide network, which aims to conserve Europe’s most valuable and threatened species and habitats, has major impacts on land use throughout all Member States of the EU. This book critically assesses the origins and implementation of the Natura 2000 network, established under the Birds Directive of 1979 and the Habitats Directive of 1992. Based on original archival research and interviews with key participants, the book records a detailed history of the origins and negotiation of Natura 2000 policy and law, with the history of EU environmental policy provided as a framework. An historical institutionalist approach is adopted, which emphasises the importance of understanding legal and policy development as processes that unfold over time. Three phases in the history of EU environmental policy are identified and described, and the history of EU nature policy is placed within the context of these three phases. Informed by this history, the author presents a comprehensive summary and assessment of the law and policy that protects Natura 2000 sites at EU level, and reviews the nature conservation outcomes for the targeted species and habitats. The book reveals how a knowledge of the history of Natura 2000 enriches our understanding of key issues such as conflicts in establishing and conserving the Natura 2000 network, EU integration in the field of nature conservation, and the future of EU nature policy.
Conserving Plant Genetic Diversity in Protected Areas: Population Management of Crop Wild Relatives
by José María Iriondo Nigel Maxted Mohammad Ehsan DullooRather than the usual focus on rare or endangered plants and ex situ efforts in conserving plant biodiversity, Iriondo (biodiversity and conservation, U. Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain) and the co-editors are devoted to the conservation of the genetic diversity of crop wild relatives in their natural environments. After presenting the increasingly urgent rationale for such conservation efforts, contributors to seven chapters address international/national initiatives including integrating efforts to maintain plant diversity with protected area management, issues in reserve location and design, monitoring technologies, and habitat recovery techniques. The volume includes highlighted case studies, and color plates of plants, interaction with local peoples for successful wild relative crop conservation, monitoring activities, a gene bank, and native plant nursery. Annotation ©2008 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Considerations for a Post-COVID-19 Technology and Innovation Ecosystem in China (Disaster Risk Reduction)
by Jinling Hua Bismark Adu Gyamfi Rajib ShawCOVID-19 has made differential impacts on countries and communities around the world. China, where COVID-19 started, has developed and utilized different types of technologies, including both traditional and disruptive technologies, to address the pandemic risks. Also, there have been many innovations in applying technologies in different contexts during the pandemic as well as in the post-pandemic recovery and preparedness aspects. This book covers some of these technological developments as well as the governance mechanisms for developing a technology and innovation ecosystem in a post-COVID-19 context in China. The book also explores the experiences and lessons learned from different types of technologies and their implementation in the post-COVID-19 period and highlights how they can be useful to prepare for future calamities.
Consolationscapes in the Face of Loss: Grief and Consolation in Space and Time (Routledge Studies in Human Geography)
by Christoph Jedan Avril Maddrell Eric VenbruxHuman beings are grieving animals. ‘Consolation’, or an attempt to assuage grief, is an age-old response to loss which has various expressions in different cultural contexts. Over the past century, consolation has dropped off the West’s cultural radar. The contributions to this volume highlight this neglect of consolation in popular and academic discourses and explore the usefulness of the concept of consolation for analysing spatio-temporal constellations. Consolationscapes in the Face of Loss brings together scholars from geography, philosophy, history, anthropology and religious studies. The chapters use spatial and conceptual mappings of grief and consolation to analyse a range of spaces and phenomena around grief, bereavement and remembrance, comfort and resilience, including battlefield memorials, crematoria, graveyards and natural burial sites in Europe. Authors shift the discussion beyond the Global North by including responses to traumatic grief in post-conflict African societies, as well as Australian Aboriginal traditions of ritual consolation. The book focuses on the relationship between space/place and consolation. In so doing, it offers a new lens for research on death, grief and bereavement. It offers new insights for students and researchers interrogating contemporary bereavement, as well as those interested in meaning-making, emerging socio-cultural practices and their role in personal and collective resilience.
Consolidation Analyses of Soils
by Jian-Hua Yin Guofu ZhuWhen stresses are applied to saturated soil, deformation will occur as water in voids is squeezed out. Consolidation Analyses of Soils focuses on the consolidation of fully saturated soils. The book follows a classic approach by beginning with one-dimensional constitutive relations of soils and one-dimensional consolidation. It then moves on to analytical solutions to several one-dimensional consolidation problems and one-dimensional finite strain consolidation. The authors also present a finite element method for consolidation analysis of one-dimensional problems, analytical solutions to consolidation of soil with vertical drains, and a finite difference method for consolidation analysis of one-dimensional problems. Simplified methods for consolidation analysis of soils exhibiting creep are introduced and applied to different cases. Three-dimensional consolidation equations and solutions of typical three-dimensional consolidation problems are covered, as well as simplified finite element consolidation analysis of soils with vertical drain and finite element method for three-dimensional consolidation problems. The book is unique in that it covers both classic solutions and state-of-the-art work in consolidation analyses of soils. Authors Jian-Hua Yin is Chair Professor of Soil Mechanics in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at The Hong Kong Polytechnic University. Guofu Zhu is a Professor in the Department of Engineering Structures and Mechanics at Wuhan University of Technology, China.
The Constant Economy: How to Create a Stable Society
by Zac GoldsmithA timely, inspiring manifesto combining the power of markets with the will of people to effect change for the ultimate survival of the planet Since the industrial revolution, the economies of developed nations have grown at the expense of the natural world, but the earth's resources are finite, climate change threatens to dramatically transform how and where people live, and the global economic system is in disarray. Offering an urgently needed alternative model, this book argues for the creation of a "constant economy," in which resources are valued not wasted, food is grown sustainably, and goods are built to last. The constant economy operates at the human scale, and above all it recognizes nature's limits. This book explains that almost every action needed to support the environment is already being carried out somewhere in the world, by companies, communities, and governments determined to blaze a trail. Where they have done the right thing, their customers and voters have rewarded them. Practical solutions exist, and they are brought together and set out in this groundbreaking book.
Constant-Scale Natural Boundary Mapping to Reveal Global and Cosmic Processes (SpringerBriefs in Astronomy)
by Pamela Elizabeth Clark Chuck ClarkWhereas conventional maps can be expressed as outward-expanding formulae with well-defined central features and relatively poorly defined edges, Constant Scale Natural Boundary (CSNB) maps have well-defined boundaries that result from natural processes and thus allow spatial and dynamic relationships to be observed in a new way useful to understanding these processes. CSNB mapping presents a new approach to visualization that produces maps markedly different from those produced by conventional cartographic methods. In this approach, any body can be represented by a 3D coordinate system. For a regular body, with its surface relatively smooth on the scale of its size, locations of features can be represented by definite geographic grid (latitude and longitude) and elevation, or deviation from the triaxial ellipsoid defined surface. A continuous surface on this body can be segmented, its distinctive regional terranes enclosed, and their inter-relationships defined, by using selected morphologically identifiable relief features (e.g., continental divides, plate boundaries, river or current systems). In this way, regions of distinction on a large, essentially spherical body can be mapped as two-dimensional 'facets' with their boundaries representing regional to global-scale asymmetries (e.g., continental crust, continental and oceanic crust on the Earth, farside original thicker crust and nearside thinner impact punctuated crust on the Moon). In an analogous manner, an irregular object such as an asteroid, with a surface that is rough on the scale of its size, would be logically segmented along edges of its impact-generated faces. Bounded faces are imagined with hinges at occasional points along boundaries, resulting in a foldable 'shape model.' Thus, bounded faces grow organically out of the most compelling natural features. Obvious boundaries control the map's extremities, and peripheral regions are not dismembered or grossly distorted as in conventional map projections. 2D maps and 3D models grow out of an object's most obvious face or terrane 'edges,' instead of arbitrarily by imposing a regular grid system or using regularly shaped facets to represent an irregular surface.
Constellations for Kids: An Easy Guide to Discovering the Stars
by Kelsey JohnsonThe perfect gift for any curious, space-loving kid! Explore the constellations with this guide to navigating the sky for ages 6 to 9Over thousands of years, stargazers have noticed shapes in the stars, also called constellations. Different cultures have seen mythical animals and heroes within these constellations, and many travelers have used the stars as a guide for their journeys. Constellations for Kids—by astronomy professor Kelsey Johnson—shows you how to read the night sky and discover more than 25 unique constellations as you learn about outer space and the solar world.From Canis Major to Cassiopeia, each constellation in this astronomy book for kids includes easy-to-read sky maps and step-by-step instructions for identifying it in the night sky. You'll also learn how to use bright stars as guides to show you where to find each constellation!This constellations book for kids includes:Beginner-friendly content—Build up your knowledge of astronomy with simple explanations of key concepts that help you understand stargazing.Simple line illustrations—Each constellation includes an illustration of what it looks like in the sky, making it easier for you to find them.Fun facts mythology—Learn about all kinds of cool celestial facts and ancient mythology. Did you know Lyra is the only Greek constellation that is a musical instrument?Explore the stories written in the stars with this fun guide to stargazing for kids!
Constitutive Modeling of Geomaterials: Principles and Applications
by Teruo NakaiWinner of the Japanese Geotechnical Society 2016 publication awardWritten by a veteran geotechnical engineer with a long record of research discoveries, Constitutive Modeling of Geomaterials: Principles and Applications presents a simple and unified approach to modeling various features of geomaterials in general stress systems. The book
Constructability: A Tool for Project Management
by Sharmin KhanThis book focuses on Constructability, a project management tool and its effectiveness in promotion of sustainable development and architecture. Constructability concentrates on the optimum use of construction knowledge and experience in planning, engineering, procurement and field operations to achieve overall project objectives. Keeping in view the requirement of promotion of sustainable architectural practices, the book is aimed at establishing effective relationship between constructability and sustainability, including application of the project management systems and guidelines for sustainable development, in a systematic manner. Key Features Focuses on relationship between constructability and sustainability in detail, with respect to their definitions and historical background. Summarizes formulation of recommendations and guidelines for various design and construction practices Provides an updated information database having overview of constructability studies and researches conducted so far Explores association of sustainable development to project management issues Includes relevant case studies
Constructal Law and the Unifying Principle of Design (Understanding Complex Systems)
by Adrian Bejan Sylvie Lorente Luiz A.O. RochaDesign happens everywhere, whether in animate objects (e.g., dendritic lung structures, bacterial colonies, and corals), inanimate patterns (river basins, beach slope, and dendritic crystals), social dynamics (pedestrian traffic flows), or engineered systems (heat dissipation in electronic circuitry). This "design in nature" often takes on remarkably similar patterns, which can be explained under one unifying Constructal Law. This book explores the unifying power of the Constructal Law and its applications in all domains of design generation and evolution, ranging from biology and geophysics to globalization, energy, sustainability, and security. The Constructal Law accounts for the universal tendency of flow systems to morph into evolving configurations that provide greater and easier access over time. The Constructal Law resolves the many and contradictory ad hoc statements of "optimality", end design, and destiny in nature, such as minimum and maximum entropy production and minimum and maximum flow resistance, and also explains the designs that are observed and copied in biomimetics. Constructal Law and the Unifying Principle of Design covers the fundamentals of Constructal Theory and Design, as well as presenting a variety of state-of-the-art applications. Experts from the biological, physical and social sciences demonstrate the unification of all design phenomena in nature, and apply this knowledge to novel designs in modern engineering, such as vascularization for self-healing and self-cooling materials for aircraft, and tree fins and cavities for heat transfer enhancement.
Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment in Hot and Arid Climates (Wetlands: Ecology, Conservation and Management #7)
by Alexandros StefanakisThis edited book presents the first collection of case studies and research projects on the sustainable technology of constructed wetlands for wastewater management under hot and arid climates. It is the first such work that summarizes in a single reference the current international experiences and knowledge on the implementation of this nature-based solution under these diverse and often harsh climatic conditions. It covers the relevant gap in the fragmented and limited literature by providing integrated information and documentation on the feasibility of this green technology.The book presents the treatment efficiency of constructed wetland facilities and the research output from 29 different countries across South America, Africa, Asia and Oceania, while it covers various applications such as domestic and municipal wastewater, various industrial effluents and municipal sludge. Many examples and case studies further demonstrate the potential of this technology to contribute to better address the issues of water scarcity and limited fresh water resources through circular management of treated effluents e.g. reuse in irrigation. It also discusses the various challenges and technical aspects that should be considered in such climates, along with the environmental, financial and social benefits of this technology.This work is a useful handbook and guide for professional engineers, practitioners, academics, researchers, students, and water authorities who wish to get a better understanding and first-hand information on the potential of constructed wetlands for cost-effective and sustainable wastewater management in countries with hot and arid climates.
Constructing Local Environmental Agendas: People, Places and Participation
by Susan Buckingham-Hatfield Susan PercyConstructing Local Environmental Agendas draws on original contributions from specialists worldwide to argue that there is scope for local areas to improve their environments, provided local people are involved. International case studies, from UK, Europe, Australia, Pakistan and Sri Lanka, demonstrate the importance of respect for indigenous knowledge and the need to remove layers of bureaucracy from policy making.
Constructing Metropolitan Space: Actors, Policies and Processes of Rescaling in World Metropolises
by Jill Simone Gross Enrico Gualini Lin YeThere is little question today that processes of globalization affect national and local economies, governance processes, and conditions for economic competitiveness in the major urban regions of the world. In most liberal-democratic countries, these processes are occurring according to a rationale which attempts to combine strategies of state-supported development with increasing local-regional governmental decentralization and autonomy. Against this background, the issue of metropolitan development is being redefined worldwide, along with its institutional frameworks, modes of governance, policy instruments, and spatial planning strategies. The overarching assumption of this volume is that ‘metropolitan space’, far from being consolidated as a policy object, is currently being redefined and in some instances ‘constructed’ and contested as a scale, through a variety of policy practices related to spatial-economic development objectives. Through case studies drawn from across four continents, the authors reveal a range of interesting cross-national commonalities concerning the power that state actors, situated at various spatial scales, exert as agents in these processes. This volume interrogates key research issues raised by these developments, and is intended as a contribution to the establishment of a globally comparative analysis of the construction of metropolitan spaces and scales under conditions of globalization and neoliberalization.
Constructing Private Governance
by Graeme AuldRecent decades have witnessed the rise of social and environmental certification programs that are intended to promote responsible business practices. Consumers now encounter organic or fair-trade labels on a variety of products, implying such desirable benefits as improved environmental conditions or more equitable market transactions. But what do we know about the origins and development of the organizations behind these labels? This book examines forest, coffee, and fishery certification programs to reveal how the early decisions of programs on governance and standards affect the path along which individual programs evolve and the variety and number of programs across sectors.
Constructing Risk: Disaster, Development, and the Built Environment (Catastrophes in Context #4)
by Stephen O. BenderReviewing current policies and practices, the book assesses the financial, economic and physical risk of building in hazardous areas, and looks at how societies are trying to create a more resilient built environment in spite of the dangers. It examines the vulnerability of social infrastructure to natural disasters and looks at policies which imperil infrastructure from natural hazard events and solutions undertaken by sovereign states, international development banks, NGOs and bilateral aid agencies.
Constructing Risk: Disaster, Development, and the Built Environment (Catastrophes in Context #4)
by Stephen O. BenderReviewing current policies and practices, the book assesses the financial, economic and physical risk of building in hazardous areas, and looks at how societies approach economic development while trying to create a more resilient built environment in spite of the dangers. It examines the vulnerability of economic and social infrastructure to natural hazard events, looks at policies which imperil infrastructure, and proposes new development approaches to be undertaken by sovereign states, international development banks, NGOs, and bilateral aid agencies.
Constructing the Edifice of Mechanics: From Newton to Modernity (Undergraduate Texts in Physics)
by M.A. Curt KoendersThis book deals with theoretical mechanics. Newton published the "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" in 1687. In it, he sets out the basic principles of physics that are required to understand the motion of the planets, their moons, and the comets in the solar system. It includes the gravitational (inverse square) law, the inertial principle, and the basic elements of mechanics. Since its publication, a large number of refinements and reformulations have been introduced, thereby adding enormous insight into the structure of mechanics, which is commonly known as “classical mechanics”. All these have in common that by taking a suitable limit, Newton's original principles re-appear. Thus, physicists and mathematicians who work on the subject always have a notion that if their theories do not return to Newton's foundations, then there is something wrong. Newton himself acknowledged that 'if I have seen further (than others), it is by standing on the shoulders of giants'. One of these giants was undoubtedly Galileo who died in the year Newton was born. So, Newton himself adhered to the 'classical limit'.
Construction 4.0: An Innovation Platform for the Built Environment
by Anil Sawhney Michael Riley Javier IrizarryModelled on the concept of Industry 4.0, the idea of Construction 4.0 is based on a confluence of trends and technologies that promise to reshape the way built environment assets are designed, constructed, and operated. With the pervasive use of Building Information Modelling (BIM), lean principles, digital technologies, and offsite construction, the industry is at the cusp of this transformation. The critical challenge is the fragmented state of teaching, research, and professional practice in the built environment sector. This handbook aims to overcome this fragmentation by describing Construction 4.0 in the context of its current state, emerging trends and technologies, and the people and process issues that surround the coming transformation. Construction 4.0 is a framework that is a confluence and convergence of the following broad themes discussed in this book: Industrial production (prefabrication, 3D printing and assembly, offsite manufacture) Cyber-physical systems (actuators, sensors, IoT, robots, cobots, drones) Digital and computing technologies (BIM, video and laser scanning, AI and cloud computing, big data and data analytics, reality capture, Blockchain, simulation, augmented reality, data standards and interoperability, and vertical and horizontal integration) The aim of this handbook is to describe the Construction 4.0 framework and consequently highlight the resultant processes and practices that allow us to plan, design, deliver, and operate built environment assets more effectively and efficiently by focusing on the physical-to-digital transformation and then digital-to-physical transformation. This book is essential reading for all built environment and AEC stakeholders who need to get to grips with the technological transformations currently shaping their industry, research, and teaching.
Construction for a Regenerative Future
by Urban PerssonThis is a book about how to manage the processes involved in a construction project towards a sustainable and regenerative endproduct. It covers key project management concepts and links the construction process to the objectives of UN SDGs and beyond zero carbon emissions throughout the whole project life cycle. This introductory textbook is written from a project manager's perspective including considerations of circular economy throughout the construction process focusing on a regenerative or restorative outcome. The book examines the importance of the type and purpose of a building, circularity and de-construction, the site, the client and its organisation, stakeholder considerations, the project organisation, the procurement of consultants and contractors, project performance during design and construction, project hand-over to the client, and the building's operation and maintenance. It also illustrates how to verify the building using existing environmental certifications, how to calculate carbon emissions, and how to deal with used construction materials from a circular economy perspective. International examples of best practice are included throughout, and the book is structured in a way which students will find engaging and easy to follow. This is an ideal textbook for use on construction, architecture, and engineering programmes where the emphasis must urgently be placed on students fostering regenerative construction solutions in their coming professional life.