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Desert Plants
by Kishan Gopal RamawatVast areas of Earth's landmass exist as deserts, representing quite distinct ecosystems. Desert plants and animals have evolved specialised survival strategies to cope with the harsh environment of high temperatures and scarce water resources. The life-supporting vegetation of deserts is characterised by its unique reproductive biology, metabolism and adaptive characters. Plants like Prosopis cineraria and date palm form the basis of the rural economy in many countries, and are of great cultural importance; Jojoba and Jatropha have attracted interest as non-conventional sources of industrial oil and biodiesel. This book includes chapters on the seed biology, reproduction, mycorrhizae, stress physiology, and metabolism of desert plants, and describes current biotechnological approaches to their cultivation. It will be useful to researchers, teachers and students in the fields of plant sciences, agriculture, and forestry, and those involved in the management and conservation of desert ecosystems.
A Desert Scrapbook: Dawn To Dusk In The Sonoran Desert
by Virginia Wright-FriersonIn the early morning hours, an artist stirs. Gathering her paints and notebook, she heads into the Arizona Sonoran Desert to explore its treasures. Sketching, painting, and writing, she records all that she sees and as night falls, she spreads out her pictures to make this scrapbook of her day, from dawn to dusk.
Desert Solitaire: A Season In The Wilderness
by Edward AbbeyThis memoir of life in the American desert by the author of The Monkey Wrench Gang is a nature writing classic on par with Rachel Carson&’s Silent Spring. In Desert Solitaire, Edward Abbey recounts his many escapades, adventures, and epiphanies as an Arches National Park ranger outside Moab, Utah. Brimming with arresting insights, impassioned arguments for wilderness conservation, and a raconteur&’s wit, it is one of Abbey&’s most critically acclaimed works. Through stories and philosophical musings, Abbey reflects on the condition of our remaining wilderness, the future of a civilization, and his own internal struggle with morality. As the world continues its rapid development, Abbey&’s cry to maintain the natural beauty of the West remains just as relevant today as when this book first appeared in 1968.
Desert Weeds: Personal Narrative on Botanical First Responders
by Garry RogersIn their rapid colonization of soil exposed by fires, floods, and grazing animals, weeds resemble the human specialists we label Emergency Medical Technicians (EMTs). Weeds are the first responders when disasters occur in nature. They occupy bare soil and prevent erosion by wind and water. In extreme cases such as a landslide, weeds are essential to the healing processes that replace the lost soil. Like a Band-Aid on a skinned knee, weeds protect the land while it recovers. Besides protecting the soil after disaster, weeds provide food for wildlife, and some of them provide food and medicine for people. Able to withstand harsh conditions, weeds will proliferate as global warming and other human impacts intensify. Thus, nature’s EMTs will increase while all other plants decline. The book provides a succinct definition of weeds according to their form and function in ecosystem processes. The narrative uses a representative set of weed species from a desert location to illustrate the full range of weed characteristics.
Desertification and Land Degradation: Concept to Combating
by Ajai Rimjhim BhatnagarDesertification and land degradation are complex phenomena, and we need to understand their causes, consequences, and means to mitigate and combat their impact. Therefore, this book aims to explain the concept and characteristics of drylands, desert and desertification, land degradation, wastelands, and the concept of ecosystem services. It also discusses various types of processes of land degradations, their characteristics, physics and indicators along with mapping, monitoring and assessment of methods involved. Concept of Ocean Biological Deserts is discussed along with international and regional efforts towards combating land degradation and desertification. Key Features:• Provides all the aspect of desertification and land degradation at one place • Includes comprehensive methods to monitor different desertification/land degradation processes • Comprehensive overview of the mapping, monitoring and modelling techniques • Role of space borne data in identifying, monitoring and combating desertification is evaluated and reported with real case studies • Explains the concept of ocean biological deserts, their characteristics and mapping
Deserts
by Donna LathamInvestigating the planet's biomes and examining the modern threats to each ecosystem, this interactive series challenges young readers to look at how their own actions influence the planet's health. With compare-and-contrast facts and vocabulary-building sidebars, each engaging guide reveals how environmental threats-both human and natural-affect plants and animals. Examining this growing biome, this guide shows that the desert is more than just a giant sandbox. Discussing desertification and how environmental change-such as ranching, overdevelopment, and cactus collection-in this area can threaten life outside the desert, this resource instructs students on the need to treat the desert with care.
Deserts: A True Book
by Darlene R. StillePresents a general description of deserts and describes specific desert plants, animals, people, and activities.
Desiderata Geotechnica (Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering)
by Wei WuThis book presents contributions to a workshop dedicated to Prof. Gerd Gudehus on the occasion of his 80th birthday and held in Vienna, Austria, on 14-16 August 2018. The articles gathered here, many of which were written by former students, friends and colleagues of Prof. Gudehus, cover diverse topics that reflect the breadth and depth of geomechanics research. Consequently, they offer a valuable source of ideas and inspiration on areas ranging from sophisticated constitutive models to advanced numerical methods, from particles to continua, and from fractals of geomaterials to the design of offshore wind turbine foundations.
Design Analysis in Rock Mechanics
by William G. PariseauThis comprehensive introduction to rock mechanics treats the basics of rock mechanics in a clear and straightforward manner and discusses important design problems in terms of the mechanics of materials. This extended third edition includes an additional chapter on Foundations on Jointed Rock. Developed for a complete class in rock engineering, this volume uniquely combines the design of surface and underground rock excavations and addresses:• rock slope stability in surface excavations, from planar block and wedge slides to rotational and toppling failures • shaft and tunnel stability, ranging from naturally-supported openings to analysis and design of artificial support and reinforcement systems • entries and pillars in stratified ground • three-dimensional caverns, with emphasis on cable bolting and backfill • geometry and forces of chimney caving, combination support and trough subsidence • rock bursts and bumps in underground excavations, with focus on dynamic phenomena and on fast and sometimes catastrophic failures. The numerous exercises and examples familiarize the reader with solving basic practical problems in rock mechanics through various design analysis techniques and their applications. Supporting the main text, appendices provide supplementary information about rock, joint, and composite properties, rock mass classification schemes, useful formulas, and an extensive literature list. The large selection of problems at the end of each chapter can be used for home assignment. A solutions manual is available to course instructors. Explanatory and illustrative in character, this volume is suited for courses in rock mechanics, rock engineering and geological engineering design for undergraduate and first year graduate students in mining, civil engineering and applied earth sciences. Moreover, it will form a good introduction to the subject of rock mechanics for earth scientists and engineers from other disciplines.
Design and Construction of Bioclimatic Wooden Greenhouses, Volume 1: Preliminary Design
by Gian Luca BrunettiDesign and Construction of Bioclimatic Wooden Greenhouses, Volume 1: Preliminary Design
Design and Construction of Bioclimatic Wooden Greenhouses, Volume 2: Design of Construction: Structure and Systems
by Gian Luca BrunettiDesign and Construction of Bioclimatic Wooden Greenhouses, Volume 2: Design of Construction: Structure and Systems
Design and Construction of Bioclimatic Wooden Greenhouses, Volume 3: Design of Construction: Envelopes
by Gian Luca BrunettiDesign and Construction of Bioclimatic Wooden Greenhouses, Volume 3: Design of Construction: Envelopes
Design and Construction of Bioclimatic Wooden Greenhouses, Volume 4: Architectural Integration and Quantitative Analyses
by Gian Luca BrunettiDesign and Construction of Bioclimatic Wooden Greenhouses, Volume 4: Architectural Integration and Quantitative Analyses
Design and Construction of High-Performance Homes: Building Envelopes, Renewable Energies and Integrated Practice
by Franca TrubianoBoth professionals and students are increasingly committed to achieving high-performance metrics in the design, construction and operation of residential buildings. This book responds to this demand by offering a comprehensive guide which features: architectural innovations in building skin technologies which make lighter more transparent buildings high performing; energy-free architectural design principles and advances in building-integrated photovoltaics; essential engineering principles, controls and approaches to simulation for achieving net zero; the advantages of integrated design in residential construction and the challenges and opportunities it engenders; detailed case studies of innovative homes which have incorporated low-energy design solutions, new materials, alternative building assemblies, digital fabrication, integrated engineering systems and operational controls. Divided into four parts, the book discusses the requisite AEC (Architecture, Engineering and Construction) knowledge needed when building a high-performance home. It also communicates this information across four case studies, which provide the reader with a thorough overview of all aspects to be considered in the design and construction of sustainable homes. With contributions from experts in the field, the book provides a well-rounded and multi-faceted approach. This book is essential reading for students and professionals in design, architecture, engineering (civil, mechanical and electrical), construction and energy management.
Design and Construction of Smart Cities: Toward Sustainable Community (Sustainable Civil Infrastructures)
by Ibrahim El Dimeery Moustafa Baraka Syed M. Ahmed Amin Akhnoukh Mona B. Anwar Mahmoud El Khafif Nagy Hanna Amr T. Abdel HamidThis book focuses on how to maintain environmental sustainability as one of its main principles, and it addresses how smart cities serve to diminish wastes and maintain natural resources by having clean green energy that is operated by new smart technology designs. Living in a smart city is not something of the future anymore, it is here, and it is being implemented all over the world. A smart city uses different types of electronic Internet of things (IoT) sensors to collect data and then use these data to manage assets and resources efficiently. The smart city concept integrates information and communication technology (ICT), and various physical devices connected to the IoT network to optimize the efficiency of city operations and services and achieve sustainable solutions to allow us to grow with proper management of our resources.Smart sustainable structures and infrastructures face the need of urban areas due to the growth of populations while in the same time save our environment. To achieve this, we need to revisit the conventional methods in design and construction and the conventional materials which are used now to optimize the design and provide smart solutions. In the past few years, the consumption of resources has been massive, and the waste produced from that consumption has been inconceivable. This is causing environmental degradation, which produces many environmental challenges, such as global climate change, excessive fossil fuel dependency and the growing demand for energy.As well as, discussing the challenges facing the civil engineering design and construction of smart cities components and presenting concepts and insight from experts and researchers from different civil engineering disciplines., this book explains how to construct buildings and special structures and how to manage and monitor energy.
Design and impact of water treaties
by Matthew ZentnerThis study presents a unique way to utilize the existing literature to explain the success of treaties in managing hydrologic stress. Literature-derived core concepts are summarized as seven treaty mechanisms categories (specificity, uncertainty management, enforcement, communications, flexibility, integrativeness, and scale) and are hypothesized as important for shaping the institutional resiliency of a treaty. Treaty design is shown to have a relevant and important role in shaping basin management so that nations may better achieve their goals in a changing climate.
The Design and Implementation of US Climate Policy
by Don Fullerton Catherine WolframEconomic research on climate change has been crucial in advancing our understanding of the consequences associated with global warming as well as the costs and benefits of the various policies that might reduce emissions of greenhouse gases. As nations work to develop climate policies, economic insights into their design and implementation are ever more important. With a balance between theoretical and empirical approaches, The Design and Implementation of US Climate Policy looks at the possible effects of various climate policies on a range of economic outcomes. The studies that comprise the volume examine topics that include the coordination--or lack thereof--between the federal and state governments, implications of monitoring and enforcing climate policy, and the specific consequences of various climate policies for the agricultural, automotive, and buildings sectors.
Design and Modeling of Mechanical Systems - IV: Proceedings of the 8th Conference on Design and Modeling of Mechanical Systems, CMSM'2019, March 18–20, Hammamet, Tunisia (Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering)
by Mohamed Slim Abbes Fakher Chaari Mohamed Haddar Lotfi Romdhane Abdelmajid Benamara Mnaouar Chouchane Nizar Aifaoui Zouhaier Affi Lassad WalhaThis book offers a collection of original peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 8th International Congress on Design and Modeling of Mechanical Systems (CMSM’2019), held in Hammamet, Tunisia, from the 18th to the 20th of March 2019. It reports on research, innovative industrial applications and case studies concerning mechanical systems and related to modeling and analysis of materials and structures, multiphysics methods, nonlinear dynamics, fluid structure interaction and vibroacoustics, design and manufacturing engineering. Continuing on the tradition of the previous editions, these proceedings offers a broad overview of the state-of-the art in the field and a useful resource for academic and industry specialists active in the field of design and modeling of mechanical systems. CMSM’2019 was jointly organized by two leading Tunisian research laboratories: the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of the National Engineering School of Monastir, University of Monastir and the Mechanical, Modeling and Manufacturing Laboratory of the National Engineering School of Sfax, University of Sfax.
Design and Nature: A Partnership
by Louise St. Pierre Kate Fletcher Mathilda ThamOrganised as a dialogue between nature and design, this book explores design ideas, opportunities, visions and practices through relating and uncovering experience of the natural world. Presented as an edited collection of 25 wide-ranging short chapters, the book explores the possibility of new relations between design and nature, beyond human mastery and understandings of nature as resource and by calling into question the longstanding role for design as agent of capitalism. The book puts forward ways in which design can form partnerships with living species and examines designers’ capacities for direct experience, awe, integrated relationships and new ways of knowing. It covers: • New design ethics of care • Indigenous perspectives • Prototyping with nature • Methods for new design and nature relations • A history of design and nature • Animist beliefs • De-centering human-centered design • Understanding nature has power and agency Design and Nature: A Partnership is a rich resource for designers who wish to learn to engage with sustainability from the ground up.
Design and Spirituality: A Philosophy of Material Cultures
by Stuart WalkerDesign and Spirituality examines the philosophical context of our current situation and its implications for design. It explores how modernity and our constricted notions of progress have contributed to today’s crisis of values, and argues for a re-establishment and re-affirmation of self-transcending priorities, together with an ethos of moderation and sufficiency. A wide range of topics are covered, including material culture and spiritual teachings; sustainability and the spiritual perspective; traditional and indigenous knowledge; technology and spirituality; notions of meaningful design; and how particular material things can have deeper, symbolic significance. There are also reflections on areas such as the language of design; busyness and its relationship to wisdom; design and social disparity; and traditional sacred practices. While not avoiding issues that are controversial, and sometimes hard-hitting, Design and Spirituality gets to the heart of the key issues affecting us today and presents them in a highly readable and accessible format. The author is a leading thinker in the field and he presents his arguments in a manner that invites the reader to reflect and think about where we are going, why we are going there and what really matters.
Design and Strategy: A Step-by-Step Guide
by Wanda GrimsgaardThis major practical handbook bridges the gap between strategy and design, presenting a step-by-step design process with a strategic approach and extensive methods for innovation, strategy development, design methodology and problem solving. It is an effective guide to planning and implementing design projects to ensure strategic anchoring of the process and outcome. Built around a six-part phase structure that represents the design process, covering initial preparations and project briefing, research and analysis, targets and strategy, concept development, prototyping and modelling, production and delivery, it is a must-have resource for professionals and students. Readers can easily dip in and out of sections, using the phase structure as a navigation tool. Unlike other books on the market, Design and Strategy addresses the design process from the perspective of both the company and the designer. For businesses, it highlights the value of design as a strategic tool for positioning, competition and innovation. For the designer, it teaches how to create solutions that are strategically anchored and deliver successful outcomes for businesses, resulting in appreciative clients. It includes over 250 illustrations and diagrams, tables, and text boxes showing how to move through each stage with clear visualisation and explanation. This book encourages all designers in product design and manufacturing, service design, communication design, branding, and advertising, to think beyond shape and colour to see design through the lens of strategy, process and problem solving, and all business managers, innovators and developers, to see the value in strategic design outcomes.
Design and Technological Applications in Sustainable Architecture: The perspective of China, Japan, Singapore and Thailand (Strategies for Sustainability)
by Shuai Lu Stephen Siu Yu Lau Junjie Li Shimeng HaoThis volume discusses the climate responsiveness of sustainable architecture design and technology in China, Japan, Singapore, and South Korea in recent years, addressing concepts and applications in urban planning, building design, and structural performance evaluation. The four sections of the text cover the theory and implementation of sustainable architecture within various geographic boundaries and contexts, offering an interdisciplinary assessment of the challenges faced in urban areas at different climate zones. The main topics covered are: 1) urban ecological restoration under the influence of climate environment; 2) health and human considerations of building and environment; 3) prototype optimization of sustainable building, and 4) feedback of building performance and design evaluation. The book is intended to be a contribution to the growing body of knowledge on sustainable architecture for applicable use by practitioners, city planners, field researchers, and building operators in building design, construction, usage, operation, and maintenance.
Design and the Built Environment of the Arctic
by Leena Cho Matthew JullDesign and the Built Environment of the Arctic is a concise introductory guide to the design and planning of the built environments in the Arctic region. As the global forces of change are becoming more pronounced in the Arctic, the future trajectories for living environments, city-making processes, and their adaptive capacities need to be addressed directly. This book presents 11 new and original contributions from both leading and emerging scholars and practitioners, positioning the Arctic as a dynamic, diverse, and lived place at the nexus of unprecedented socioenvironmental transformations. The volume offers key concepts for understanding and spatializing Arctic cities and landscapes; similarities and differences in the development of design and planning approaches responsive to specific climatic and cultural conditions; and historical and geographic case studies that provide unique perspectives for the management of the built environment, from the scales of a building and infrastructure to cities and territories. Altogether, the contributions expand regional Arctic design scholarship to understand how the variability of the Arctic context influences the designed urban, architecture, and landscape systems, and offer numerous lessons for design and other forms of spatial practice both within and beyond the Arctic. This is a unique resource for researchers, creative practitioners, policymakers, and community decision-makers, as well as for advanced undergraduate and graduate students.
The Design-Build Studio: Crafting Meaningful Work in Architecture Education
by Tolya StonorovThe Design-Build Studio examines sixteen international community driven design-build case studies through process and product, with preceding chapters on community involvement, digital and handcraft methodologies and a graphic Time Map. Together these projects serve as a field guide to the current trends in academic design-build studios, a window into the different processes and methodologies being taught and realized today. Design-build supports the idea that building, making and designing are intrinsic to each other: knowledge of one strengthens and informs the expression of the other. Hands-on learning through the act of building what you design translates theories and ideas into real world experience. The work chronicled in this book reveals how this type of applied knowledge grounds us in the physicality of the world in which we live.