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Diversity Amid Globalization 4th Edition
by Lester Rowntree Martin Lewis Marie Price William WyckoffThe globalization approach challenges students to make critical comparisons between the regions of the world in order to understand them more fully. Examples of the sorts of topics used to accomplish these goals include: The rise of Islamic fundamentalism in SW Asia. Aboriginal groups using high-technology tools to forge common political survival strategies. The economic and political integration of the European Union, contrasted with micronationalism and the factionalism in Europe. Ethnic diversification in the face of strong participation in the global assembly line in SE Asia. The globalization and localization of beer consumption and production in the United States and Canada.
Diversity and Biotechnology of Ectomycorrhizae
by Ajit Varma Mahendra RaiEctomycorrhizal fungi play multifunctional roles during symbioses with higher plants. They can serve as bioprotectors, biofertilizers, bioremediators and stress indicators. Further, they are the true "mycoindicators" of forest ecosystems, where an enormous diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi can be found. Some ectomycorrhizal fungi also produce edible sporocarps, i.e., fruiting bodies, which are important for the food industry. Ectomycorrhizal fungi also produce various metal chelating molecules, which are of remarkable biotechnological significance and which also secrete useful secondary metabolites. Molecular approaches are required for the identification and differentiation of fungi forming symbioses with higher plants, while molecular tools are important to understand how genes are expressed during symbiosis with higher plants. Students, researchers and teachers of botany, mycology, microbiology, forestry, and biotechnology will find a valuable source of information in this Soil Biology volume.
Diversity of Hydrothermal Systems on Slow Spreading Ocean Ridges, 1st Edition
by Peter A. Rona Bramley J. Murton Jérôme Dyment Colin W. DeveyPublished by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 188.Diversity of Hydrothermal Systems on Slow Spreading Ocean Ridges presents a multidisciplinary overview of the remarkable emerging diversity of hydrothermal systems on slow spreading ocean ridges in the Atlantic, Indian, and Arctic oceans. When hydrothermal systems were first found on the East Pacific Rise and other Pacific Ocean ridges beginning in the late 1970s, the community consensus held that the magma delivery rate of intermediate to fast spreading was necessary to support black smoker-type high-temperature systems and associated chemosynthetic ecosystems and polymetallic sulfide deposits. Contrary to that consensus, hydrothermal systems not only occur on slow spreading ocean ridges but, as reported in this volume, are generally larger, exhibit different chemosynthetic ecosystems, produce larger mineral deposits, and occur in a much greater diversity of geologic settings than those systems in the Pacific. The full diversity of hydrothermal systems on slow spreading ocean ridges, reflected in the contributions to this volume, is only now emerging and opens an exciting new frontier for ocean ridge exploration, includingProcesses of heat and chemical transfer from the Earth's mantle and crust via slow spreading ocean ridges to the oceansThe major role of detachment faulting linking crust and mantle in hydrothermal circulationChemical reaction products of mantle involvement including serpentinization, natural hydrogen, abiotic methane, and hydrocarbon synthesisGeneration of large polymetallic sulfide deposits hosted in ocean crust and mantleChemosynthetic vent communities hosted in the diverse settingsThe readership for this volume will include schools, universities, government laboratories, and scientific societies in developed and developing nations, including over 150 nations that have ratified the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea.
Diversity, Biomineralization and Rock Magnetism of Magnetotactic Bacteria
by Wei LinMagnetotactic bacteria (MTB) synthesize intracellular nano-sized minerals of magnetite and/or greigite magnetosomes for magnetic orientation. They play important roles in global iron cycling and sedimentary magnetism, and have a broad range of potential applications in both biotechnological and biomedical fields. However, because the majority of MTB in nature remain unculturable, our understanding of these specific bacteria remains fairly limited. This thesis describes the development of a novel approach for effectively collecting, purifying and characterizing uncultivated magnetotactic bacteria. The diversity, genomic information and rock magnetic properties of various uncultivated MTB are investigated and characterized using a combination of biological and geophysical methods. The results will lead to a better understanding of the biogeography and biomineralization mechanisms of MTB in nature, and improve our knowledge of the contributions of MTB to biogeochemical cycles of elements and sedimentary magnetism. Dr. Wei Lin works at the Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China
Divided Scotland?: The Nature, Causes and Consequences of Economic Disparities within Scotland (Routledge Revivals)
by David NewlandsOriginally published in 2004. In recent years, there has been much debate about the economic performance of the Scottish economy in relation to the economy of Britain as a whole. However, with the establishment of the Scottish Parliament, the debate has shifted somewhat to focus on the economic disparities between areas within Scotland. Leading Scottish regional scientists are brought together in this volume to examine the nature, causes and consequences of these regional economic disparities. Following an introductory overview, the book divides into two main sections. The first section examines and compares three key areas in detail: the Highlands and Islands; Edinburgh and its hinterland; and Greater Glasgow. The second section covers a number of cross-cutting issues, such as economic development, education and training, transport and communications and community planning. It concludes with a critical appraisal of the various policies discussed and their implications.
Divided Spaces, Contested Pasts: The Heritage of the Gallipoli Peninsula
by Lucienne Thys-ŞenocakThe Gallipoli peninsula in Turkey was the site of one of the most tragic and memorable battles of the twentieth century, with the Turks fighting the ANZAC (Australian New Zealand Army Corps) and soldiers from fifteen other countries. This book explores the history of its landscape, its people, and its heritage, from the day that the defeated Allied troops of World War One evacuated the peninsula in January 1916 to the present. It examines how the wartime heritage of this region, both tangible and intangible, is currently being redefined by the Turkish state to bring more of a faith-based approach to the secularist narratives about the origins of the country. It provides a timely and fascinating look at what has happened in the last century to a landscape that was devastated and emptied of its inhabitants at the end of World War One, how it recovered, and why this geography continues to be a site of contested heritage. This book will be a key text for scholars of cultural and historical geography, Ottoman and World War One archaeology, architectural history, commemorative and conflict studies, European military history, critical heritage studies, politics, and international relations.
Divided Tokyo: Disparities in Living Conditions in the City Center and the Shrinking Suburbs (International Perspectives in Geography #11)
by Tomoko KuboThis book explores how and why Tokyo has been divided over time in terms of living conditions. First, recent urban discourses that explain the transformation of Tokyo’s urban structure are examined, along with social changes and the expansion of unequal residential conditions within the metropolitan area. Chapter 1 reviews: 1) discussions on globalization, neo-liberalization, and changes in housing policies; 2) debates on the divided city; 3) debates on the shrinking city and the urban lifecycle; 4) discussion of the urban residential environment from a social justice perspective; and 5) family–housing relationships in the post-growth society. Based on the literature review, the rest of the book is structured as follows. Chapter 2 explains the changes in urban and housing policies, demography, and socio-economic conditions. In Chapters 3 to 5, the background and characteristics of the growth of condominium living in the city center are examined. The next three chapters analyze the reality of shrinking suburbs, using case studies to demonstrate the increase in vacant housing and local responses toward shrinkage. In Chapter 9, possible solutions are proposed for dealing with problems related to urban shrinkage and the expanding gap in terms of the availability of investments to stimulate urban development, the residential environment, and the population age structure in Japanese cities by comparing the author’s findings and the literature review. This book provides deep insights for urban and housing scholars, urban planners, policy decision-makers, and local communities that struggle with aging populations and urban shrinkage.
Diving Beetles of the World: Systematics and Biology of the Dytiscidae
by Kelly B. Miller Johannes BergstenThe first comprehensive book in more than a century to reveal the diversity and natural history of diving beetles.Among the hundreds of thousands of species of beetles, there is one family, containing some 4,300 species, that stands out as one of the most diverse and important groups of aquatic predatory insects. This is the Dytiscidae, whose species are commonly known as diving beetles. No comprehensive treatment of this group has been compiled in over 130 years, a period during which a great many changes in classification and a near quadrupling of known species has occurred.In Diving Beetles of the World, Kelly B. Miller and Johannes Bergsten provide the only full treatments of all 188 Dytiscid genera ever assembled. Entomologists, systematists, limnologists, ecologists, and others with an interest in aquatic systems or insect diversity will find these extensively illustrated keys and taxon accounts immensely helpful. The keys make it possible to identify all taxa from subfamily to genera, and each key and taxon treatment is accompanied by both photographs and detailed pen-and-ink drawings of diagnostic features. Every genus account covers body length, diagnostic characters, classification, species diversity, a review of known natural history, and world distribution. Each account is also accompanied by a range map and at least one high-resolution habitus image of a specimen. Diving beetles are fast becoming important models for aquatic ecology, world biogeography, population ecology, and animal sexual evolution and, with this book, the diversity of the group is finally accessible.
Diving Deep: Using Machines to Explore the Ocean
by Michelle CusolitoFrom snorkeling to freediving, scuba, submarines, and Challenger Deep, discover the different technologies scientists use to explore the ocean in this deep-sea STEM picture book.How does ocean exploration work? What kinds of machines and equipment help researchers under the sea? How deep can we dive to find out more about the plants and animals that live in the ocean? For fans of Alvin from Flying Deep, Diving Deep introduces all the ways humans have figured out how to engage with, explore, and learn from the oceans.
Divining Chaos: The Autobiography of an Idea
by Aviva RahmaniA spirited memoir by artist Aviva Rahmani, offering a relatable narrative to discuss trigger point theory and the importance of eco-art activism.Divining Chaos is an intimate personal memoir of unparalleled transparency into the moments in Rahmani's life that shaped her as an artist and activist. Detailing the history that led her to two seminal projects—Ghost Nets, restoring a coastal town dump to flourishing wetlands, and The Blued Trees Symphony, which applied her premises to challenge natural gas pipelines with a novel legal theory about land use—Rahmani shares the decisions that shaped her life’s work and thinking. Her discussions about trigger point theory argue for how to predict, confront, and determine outcomes to the ecological challenges we face today.
Do Forests Need Fires?
by Liz HuyckNot all forest fires are bad. Controlled burns actually help keep the forest healthy, clear the way for new vegetation, and act as a pest control.
Do Good: Embracing Brand Citizenship to Fuel Both Purpose and Profit
by Anne Bahr ThompsonGood works are no longer optional.For many businesses, success comes in unexpected ways. Toms grew into a $600 million company by giving away 35 million pair of shoes. Patagonia’s profits have climbed year after year even as it funnels heavy investments into sustainability.And it’s not just millennials rewarding companies with causes. In every age group, people commit to brands that show good citizenship. From CVS’s destocking cigarettes to Chipotle’s ethical sourcing, people want to see fair employment practices, social responsibility, and charitable giving — and they quickly call out negligence.Based on extensive research with thousands of consumers, Do Good documents this sea change and explains how to embed social consciousness into a company’s DNA. Packed with examples and original data, the five-step model highlights the new rules of business:TRUST: Deliver on promisesENRICHMENT: Make daily life easier or more inspiringRESPONSIBILITY: Treat people and the environment with respectCOMMUNITY: Mirror values shared by customers, employees, and partnersCONTRIBUTION: Make a difference in the world.Buyers today demand more than half-hearted pledges. By actively linking great brands with higher purposes, companies capture both markets and hearts.
Do More with Less: A Guide for Uncertain Times
by Uly MaIn current, uncertain times, it is important for businesses, whether private, public or third sector, to prepare for unexpected impacts. This book offers a way forward that brings the individuals and their employers together to deliver a future that is ready to take advantage of opportunities, be ready for threats, "do sustainability" and save money at the same time. Do More with Less takes conventional improvement techniques and suggests new ways to deploy them to improve both Efficiency and Effectiveness of organisations. The proposed programme is cost-neutral since it can be paid out of the reduction of inefficiency and ineffectiveness: wasted time, effort, materials and budget. At a strategic level, this book introduces a key performance indicator linking resource use to corporate effectiveness, thereby bringing together sustainability, business success and waste reduction. The contents then cover the entire improvement process from initial audit through to implementing the improvements together with useful suggestions on ways to maintain the success and to control the gains. Techniques such as problem spotting and developing real-world solutions are presented as well as the necessary communications and marketing tools to support the improvement process. This book is aimed at individuals who wants to make a difference at work personally and at organisations that want to be successful in difficult and uncertain times. It presents ideas and techniques that are easy to learn, simple to carry out and practical to everyone.
Do Plants Know Math?: Unwinding the Story of Plant Spirals, from Leonardo da Vinci to Now
by Stéphane Douady Jacques Dumais Christophe Golé Nancy PickA breathtakingly illustrated look at botanical spirals and the scientists who puzzled over themCharles Darwin was driven to distraction by plant spirals, growing so exasperated that he once begged a friend to explain the mystery &“if you wish to save me from a miserable death.&” The legendary naturalist was hardly alone in feeling tormented by these patterns. Plant spirals captured the gaze of Leonardo da Vinci and became Alan Turing&’s final obsession. This book tells the stories of the physicists, mathematicians, and biologists who found themselves magnetically drawn to Fibonacci spirals in plants, seeking an answer to why these beautiful and seductive patterns occur in botanical forms as diverse as pine cones, cabbages, and sunflowers.Do Plants Know Math? takes you down through the centuries to explore how great minds have been captivated and mystified by Fibonacci patterns in nature. It presents a powerful new geometrical solution, little known outside of scientific circles, that sheds light on why regular and irregular spiral patterns occur. Along the way, the book discusses related plant geometries such as fractals and the fascinating way that leaves are folded inside of buds. Your neurons will crackle as you begin to see the connections. This book will inspire you to look at botanical patterns—and the natural world itself—with new eyes.Featuring hundreds of gorgeous color images, Do Plants Know Math? includes a dozen creative hands-on activities and even spiral-plant recipes, encouraging readers to explore and celebrate these beguiling patterns for themselves.
Do Tornadoes Really Twist? Questions and Answers About Tornadoes and Hurricanes
by Melvin Berger Gilda BergerHow is a hurricane born? What color are tornado funnels? The fascinating answers to these and many more questions about tornadoes and hurricanes await curious minds. This book will not only intrigue readers, but will help them prepare for a storm.
Do-It-Yourself Projects to Get You Off the Grid: Rain Barrels, Chicken Coops, Solar Panels, and More
by Noah WeinsteinInstructables is back with this inspiring book focused on a series of projects designed to get you thinking creatively about going green. Twenty Instructables illustrate just how simple it can be to make your own backyard chicken coop, or turn a wine barrel into a rainwater collector. Here, you will learn to: • Clip a chicken’s wings • Power your lawn mower with solar power • Create a chicken tractor for the city • Water your garden with solar power • Build a thermoelectric lamp • Create an algae bioreactor from water bottles • And much more! Illustrated with dozens of full-color photographs per project accompanying easy-to-follow instructions, this Instructables collection utilizes the best that the online community has to offer, turning a far-reaching group of people into a mammoth database churning out ideas to make life better, easier, and, in this case, greener, as this volume exemplifies.
Doable Renewables: 16 Alternative Energy Projects for Young Scientists
by Mike RigsbyKids will learn valuable hands-on lessons from this guide by constructing working models that generate renewable, alternative energy. Budding scientists learn how to build their own Kelvin water-drop generator out of six recycled cans and alligator-clip jumpers; a solar-powered seesaw from a large dial thermometer and a magnifying glass; and a windmill from eight yardsticks, PVC pipe, cardboard, and a converter generator. Children will investigate the energy-generating properties of a solar cell, a radiometer, a Nitinol heat engine, and a Peltier cell--there are even plans to build a human-powered desk lamp. Each project includes a materials and tools list as well as online information on where to find specialized components.
Docklands: Urban Change And Conflict In A Community In Transition
by Janet FosterThis text is a sociological study of a community in transition and the impact of urban regeneration. The process of change on the Isle of Dogs is revealed from the differing perspectives of Islanders, developers and business, and yuppies attracted to the area. The book is intended for undergraduate and postgraduate courses in urban sociology, social geography, cultural and community studies, housing and urban planning, race and ethnic studies, and broader market including Open University courses, "A"-level courses and general interest.
Doctrines Of Development
by M. P. CowenDoctrines of Development sets out a critique of the idea of practice of development by exploring the history of development theory and action from the early nineteenth century to the late twentieth century, from Britain to Quebec and Kenya.
Dodging Extinction
by Dr Anthony D. BarnoskyPaleobiologist Anthony D. Barnosky weaves together evidence from the deep past and the present to alert us to the looming Sixth Mass Extinction and to offer a practical, hopeful plan for avoiding it. Writing from the front lines of extinction research, Barnosky tells the overarching story of geologic and evolutionary history and how it informs the way humans inhabit, exploit, and impact Earth today. He presents compelling evidence that unless we rethink how we generate the power we use to run our global ecosystem, where we get our food, and how we make our money, we will trigger what would be the sixth great extinction on Earth, with dire consequences. Optimistic that we can change this ominous forecast if we act now, Barnosky provides clear-cut strategies to guide the planet away from global catastrophe. In many instances the necessary technology and know-how already exist and are being applied to crucial issues around human-caused climate change, feeding the world's growing population, and exploiting natural resources. Deeply informed yet accessibly written, Dodging Extinction is nothing short of a guidebook for saving the planet.
Does Water Flow Influence Everglades Landscape Patterns?
by Committee on Restoration of the Greater Everglades EcosystemThe report evaluates a White Paper written by restoration planners in South Florida on the role of water flow in restoration plans. The report concludes that there is strong evidence that the velocity, rate, and spatial distribution of water flow play important roles in maintaining the tree islands and other ecologically important landscape features of the Everglades.
Doing Business in the Middle East: A Research-Based Practitioners’ Guide
by Pawan Budhwar Vijay PereiraThe Middle East has for a long time been at the centre of global trade as well as political interest. Demographic and social change shifts in global economic power, rapid urbanisation, climate change and resource scarcity, and significant technological development make this region both complex and hugely important. Doing Business in the Middle East highlights both the opportunities and constraints confronting foreign investors in the region and proposes strategies on how best to overcome them. The book explores the existing and emerging political and legal frameworks, sociocultural patterns, national infrastructures, regulatory environment, conflict resolution and how to negotiate in the Middle East. It also provides useful insights into how to approach advertising and marketing, promotion and distribution, and also at the strategies for investing in the region and appropriate modes of entry. With a number of features such as case studies, examples of effective and ineffective practices, clear takeaways, and a note on a future agenda on each given topic, this book is highly practical. Based on robust research, this comprehensive guide to doing business in the Middle East is an ideal reference tool for potential foreign investors, those who are already doing business or intend to do so in the region, and for a range of business and policy decision-makers. The book is also suitable for students and researchers in the fields of international management and business, international and strategic HRM, cross-cultural management, and business communication.
Doing Children’s Geographies: Methodological Issues in Research with Young People
by Lorraine Van Blerk Mike KesbyDoing Children’s Geographies provides a useful resource for all those embarking on research with young people. Drawing on reflections from original cutting-edge research undertaken across three continents, the book focuses on the challenges researchers face when working with children, youth and their families. The book is divided into three sections. The first section provides alternatives to some of the difficulties researchers face and highlights methodological innovations as geographers uncover new and exciting ways of working. The second part specifically addresses the issues surrounding children and youth’s participation providing critiques of current practice and offering alternatives for increasing young people’s involvement in research design. Finally, the book broadens to a consideration of wider areas of concern for those working with children and youth. This section discusses the nature of childhood in relation to research, the place of emotions in research with young people and the process of undertaking applied research. This book was previously published as a special issue of Children's Geographies
Doing Community-Based Research: Perspectives from the Field
by Laura Ryser Don Manson Sean Markey Greg Donald Harman Akenson Halseth Donald Harman Akenson Donald Harman AkensonCommunity-based research (CBR) offers useful insights into the challenges associated with conducting research and ensuring that it generates both excellent scholarship and positive impacts in the communities where the research takes place. This depends on two important variables: the capacity of CBR to generate good information, and the extent to which CBR is understood and constructed as a two-way relationship that includes a set of responsibilities for both researchers and communities. Offering expert advice on the crucial relationship between communities and researchers, the authors outline the main stages of the CBR process to guide researchers and practitioners. They discuss the reasons for conducting CBR, provide tips on how to design research, detail how researchers and communities should get to know one another, as well as how best to work in the field, and how to turn fieldwork into research that counts. By focusing on the lessons learned from the use of CBR, the authors make the messages, lessons, and practices applicable to a variety of research settings. Drawing collectively from decades of community-based research experience and including vignettes from researchers from around the world who share their CBR experiences, Doing Community-Based Research is an essential handbook for scholars, students, and practitioners.
Doing Community-Based Research: Perspectives from the Field
by Laura Ryser Don Manson Sean Markey Greg HalsethCommunity-based research (CBR) offers useful insights into the challenges associated with conducting research and ensuring that it generates both excellent scholarship and positive impacts in the communities where the research takes place. This depends on two important variables: the capacity of CBR to generate good information, and the extent to which CBR is understood and constructed as a two-way relationship that includes a set of responsibilities for both researchers and communities. Offering expert advice on the crucial relationship between communities and researchers, the authors outline the main stages of the CBR process to guide researchers and practitioners. They discuss the reasons for conducting CBR, provide tips on how to design research, and detail how researchers and communities should get to know one another, as well as how best to work in the field and how to turn fieldwork into research that counts. By focusing on the lessons learned from the use of CBR, the authors make the messages, lessons, and practices applicable to a variety of research settings. Drawing collectively from decades of community-based research experience and including vignettes from researchers from around the world who share their CBR experiences, Doing Community-Based Research is an essential book for scholars, students, practitioners, and the educated public.