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Dynamics of Vortex Structures in a Stratified Rotating Fluid
by Jacques Verron Mikhail A. SokolovskiyThis book presents an extensive analysis of the dynamics of discrete and distributed baroclinic vortices in a multi-layer fluid that characterizes the main features of the large and mesoscales dynamics of the atmosphere and the ocean. It widely covers the case of hetonic situations as well as the case of intrathermocline vortices that are familiar in oceanographic and of recognized importance for heat and mass transfers. Extensive typology of such baroclinic eddies is made and analysed with the help of theoretical development and numerical computations. As a whole it gives an overview and synthesis of all the many situations that can be encountered based on the long history of the theory of vortex motion and on many new situations. It gives a renewed insight on the extraordinary richness of vortex dynamics and open the way for new theoretical, observational and experimental advances. This volume is of interest to experts in physical oceanography, meteorology, hydrodynamics, dynamic systems, involved in theoretical, experimental and applied research and lecturers, post-graduate students, and students in these fields.
Dynamics of Water Surface Flows and Waves
by Yasunori WatanabeDynamics of Water Surface Flows and Waves provides theoretical descriptions of the whole life of water surface waves through their birth, propagation, evolution and finally breaking. While initial capillary waves are created via instability at air-water interfaces, potential wave theories adequately describe interactions of waves with current, bathymetry and structure. In the final breaking stage, potential fluid motions in the waves rapidly evolve into vortical turbulent flows that disturb the surfaces, resulting in entrainment of air-bubbles and ejection of sea spray in bursting bubbles floating on the surface. All theories and analytical methods required to understand the series of wave processes, over diverse areas of subjects, including turbulence, diffusion, vortex and capillary dynamics, shallow water approach, and stability analysis, as well as the conventional potential wave theory, are comprehensively covered in this book. All of the mathematical formulas are consistently developed from theorems and linked with physics, which provides theoretical understanding and further interest in wave dynamics. This is an ideal graduate-level textbook or reference for engineers and researchers in the fields of fluid and wave mechanics, coastal and ocean engineering.
Dynamics of the Earth
by S. V. Ferronsky V. I. FerronskyIn their search for solutions to problems concerning the dynamics of the Earth as a self-gravitating body, the authors have applied the fundamentals found in their book "Jacobi Dynamics" (1987, Reidel). First, satellite observations have shown that the Earth does not remain in hydrostatic equilibrium, which forms the physical basis of modern geodynamics. Secondly, satellite data have established a relationship between the planet's polar moment of inertia and the potential of the Earth's outer force field, which proves the most basic point of Jacobi dynamics. This allowed the authors to revise their derivation of the classical virial theorem, introducing the concept of a volumetric force and volumetric moment, and so to obtain a generalized virial theorem in the form of Jacobi's equation. The main dynamical effects are: the kinetic energy of oscillation of the interacting particles, which explains the physical meaning and nature of gravitational forces; separation of shells of a self-gravitating body with respect to its mass density; differences in angular velocities of the shell's rotation; continuity in variance of the potential of the outer gravitational force field, together with reductions in the envelope of the interacting masses (volumetric center of gravity); the nature of Earth, Moon and satellite precession; the nature and generating mechanism of the planet's electromagnetic field; the common nature of gravitational and electromagnetic energy, and other related issues. The work is a logical continuation of the book "Jacobi Dynamics" and is intended for researchers, teachers and students engaged in theoretical and experimental research in various branches of astronomy, geophysics, planetology and cosmogony, and for students of celestial, statistical, quantum and relativistic mechanics and hydrodynamics.
Dynamics of the Earth System: Contributions from Scientific Ocean Drilling (Society of Earth Scientists Series)
by Dhananjai K. Pandey M. Ravichandran Nisha NairThis book highlights Indian scientific endeavours and contributions to answering the vast multitude of questions posed by our changing environment. The International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) explores Earth’s history and dynamics using deep ocean drilling platforms to recover the data locked inside seafloor sediments and rocks. Since 2009, Indian scientists have been actively engaged in these expeditions. Scientists from various Earth Science disciplines have seized this opportunity to offer their expertise in order to help unravel the mysteries of the past – by delving deep into the valuable sedimentary records of our oceans. This book presents a compilation of some of their most important findings to motivate and encourage young minds for their enhanced role in the cutting edge science of ocean drilling.
Dynamics of the Earth's Radiation Belts and Inner Magnetosphere, 1st Edition
by D. N. Baker Danny Summers I. R. Mann M. G. SchulzPublished by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 199.Dynamics of the Earth's Radiation Belts and Inner Magnetosphere draws together current knowledge of the radiation belts prior to the launch of Radiation Belt Storm Probes (RPSP) and other imminent space missions, making this volume timely and unique. The volume will serve as a useful benchmark at this exciting and pivotal period in radiation belt research in advance of the new discoveries that the RPSP mission will surely bring. Highlights include the following: a review of the current state of the art of radiation belt science; a complete and up-to-date account of the wave-particle interactions that control the dynamical acceleration and loss processes of particles in the Earth's radiation belts and inner magnetosphere; a discussion emphasizing the importance of the cross-energy coupling of the particle populations of the radiation belts, ring current, and plasmasphere in controlling the dynamics of the inner magnetosphere; an outline of the design and operation of future satellite missions whose objectives are to discover the dominant physical processes that control the dynamics of the Earth's radiation belts and to advance our level of understanding of radiation belt dynamics ideally to the point of predictability; and an examination of the current state of knowledge of Earth's radiation belts from past and current spacecraft missions to the inner magnetosphere. Dynamics of the Earth's Radiation Belts and Inner Magnetosphere will be a useful reference work for the specialist researcher, the student, and the general reader. In addition, the volume could be used as a supplementary text in any graduate-level course in space physics in which radiation belt physics is featured.
Dynamics of the Pantanal Wetland in South America
by Ivan Bergier Mario Luis AssineThis book provides readers with in-depth insights into the changes in the Pantanal wetland from its formation to the actual and likely future states. It reveals that today's Pantanal is an evolutionary consequence of geological, ecological and, more recently, man-made events taking place at distinct space-time intervals. Topics include geotectonics and sun-earth interactions, which largely dictate the rate of drastic changes that eventually disrupt ecological stability and radically rebuild the regional landscape. Furthermore, the biota-climate system is discussed as a major driver reshaping the ecohydrology functioning of the landscape on an intermediate timescale. Also covered are major changes in the landscape ecohydrology and biodiversity due to recent land-use and climate changes induced by humankind in the Anthropocene. The ability to recognize how those temporal scales impact the Pantanal wetland provides the opportunity for wise management approaches and the sustainable development of the region.
Dynamics of the Unicycle: Modelling And Experimental Verification (SpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology)
by Tomasz Kapitaniak Michał Niełaczny Barnat WiesławThis book presents a three-dimensional model of the complete unicycle–unicyclist system. A unicycle with a unicyclist on it represents a very complex system. It combines Mechanics, Biomechanics and Control Theory into the system, and is impressive in both its simplicity and improbability. Even more amazing is the fact that most unicyclists don’t know that what they’re doing is, according to science, impossible – just like bumblebees theoretically shouldn’t be able to fly. This book is devoted to the problem of modeling and controlling a 3D dynamical system consisting of a single-wheeled vehicle, namely a unicycle and the cyclist (unicyclist) riding it. The equations of motion are derived with the aid of the rarely used Boltzmann–Hamel Equations in Matrix Form, which are based on quasi-velocities. The Matrix Form allows Hamel coefficients to be automatically generated, and eliminates all the difficulties associated with determining these quantities. The equations of motion are solved by means of Wolfram Mathematica. To more faithfully represent the unicyclist as part of the model, the model is extended according to the main principles of biomechanics. The impact of the pneumatic tire is investigated using the Pacejka Magic Formula model including experimental determination of the stiffness coefficient. The aim of control is to maintain the unicycle–unicyclist system in an unstable equilibrium around a given angular position. The control system, based on LQ Regulator, is applied in Wolfram Mathematica. Lastly, experimental validation, 3D motion capture using software OptiTrack – Motive:Body and high-speed cameras are employed to test the model’s legitimacy. The description of the unicycle–unicyclist system dynamical model, simulation results, and experimental validation are all presented in detail.
Dynamics, Information and Complexity in Quantum Systems (Theoretical and Mathematical Physics)
by Fabio BenattiThis second edition of Dynamics, Information and Complexity in Quantum Systems widens its scope by focussing more on the dynamics of quantum correlations and information in microscopic and mesoscopic systems, and their use for metrological and machine learning purposes. The book is divided into three parts: Part One: Classical Dynamical SystemsAddresses classical dynamical systems, classical dynamical entropy, and classical algorithmic complexity.Includes a survey of the theory of simple perceptrons and their storage capacity. Part Two: Quantum Dynamical SystemsFocuses on the dynamics of entanglement under dissipative dynamics and its metrological use in finite level quantum systems.Discusses the quantum fluctuation approach to large-scale mesoscopic systems and their emergent dynamics in quantum systems with infinitely many degrees of freedom.Introduces a model of quantum perceptron whose storage capacity is computed and compared with the classical one. Part Three: Quantum Dynamical Entropies and ComplexitiesDevoted to quantum dynamical entropies and algorithmic complexities. This book is meant for advanced students, young and senior researchers working in the fields of quantum statistical mechanics, quantum information, and quantum dynamical systems. It is self-contained, and the only prerequisites needed are a standard knowledge of statistical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and linear operators on Hilbert spaces.
Dyson–Schwinger Equations, Renormalization Conditions, and the Hopf Algebra of Perturbative Quantum Field Theory (Springer Theses)
by Paul-Hermann BaldufThis book offers a systematic introduction to the Hopf algebra of renormalization in quantum field theory, with a special focus on physical motivation, the role of Dyson–Schwinger equations, and the renormalization group. All necessary physical and mathematical constructions are reviewed and motivated in a self-contained introduction. The main part of the book concerns the interplay between Dyson–Schwinger equations (DSEs) and renormalization conditions. The book is explicit and consistent about whether a statement is true in general or only in particular renormalization schemes or approximations and about the dependence of quantities on regularization parameters or coupling constants. With over 600 references, the original literature is cited whenever possible and the book contains numerous references to other works discussing further details, generalizations, or alternative approaches. There are explicit examples and remarks to make the connection from the scalar fields at hand toQED and QCD. The book is primarily targeted at the mathematically oriented physicist who seeks a systematic conceptual overview of renormalization, Hopf algebra, and DSEs. These may be graduate students entering the field as well as practitioners seeking a self-contained account of the Hopf algebra construction. Conversely, the book also benefits the mathematician who is interested in the physical background of the exciting interplay between Hopf algebra, combinatorics and physics that is renormalization theory today.
E Is for Environment
by Ian James CorlettFrom the author of E IS FOR ETHICS, 26 stories with eco-friendly messages, accompanied by illustrations, discussion questions, and conservation tips.
E Is for Environment: The ABCs of Conservation
by Lucy CurranA is for Atmosphere, B is for Biodiversity, C is for Conservation, and so on in this delightful concept book that teaches young readers the ABCs of the natural world around us (and how to protect it).From jungles to recycling to wildlife preserves, each letter of the alphabet is represented by a word and image that reflects everything from the rainforest to the savannah to the depths of the ocean, as well as animal life across the continents. Readers will be inspired to join the movement to conserve species and find out how they can make a difference (because you're never too young to start saving the world!).
E-Governance in European and South African Cities: The Cases of Barcelona, Cape Town, Eindhoven, Johannesburg, Manchester, Tampere, The Hague and Venice (Euricur Ser. (european Institute For Comparative Urban Research) Ser.)
by Willem van Winden Leo van den Berg Andre van der Meer Paulus WoetsSince the late 1990s, city councils have become increasingly aware of the potential for information technologies (ICTs) to improve the management of cities and as an instrument for economic and social policy. This has resulted in a wave of urban ICT strategies and policies, such as the adoption of ICTs within the city administration itself, projects that facilitate access to ICTs by weaker social groups and policies to improve the urban electronic infrastructure. By comparing eight cities - Barcelona, Cape Town, Eindhoven, Johnnesburg, Manchester, Tampere, the Hague and Venice - this book examines a range of innovative urban e-governance strategies and develops a framework of analysis that permits a common approach. Throughout the book, a distinction is made between access policies (aimed at improving access to ICTs for all citizens), content policies (directed to improve the use of ICTs in the city administration and semi-public domains) and infrastructure policies (to improve the provision of broadband infrastructure). For each of the cities, e-strategies and policies are critically reviewed and compared. The book reveals that urban e-strategies have evolved from an internal and technology-centred orientation to a more outward-looking approach.
E-Waste Management: Challenges and Opportunities in India
by Varsha Bhagat-GangulyThis book offers an extensive review of e-waste management in India, the world’s third‑largest producer of waste from electrical and electronic equipment. With a focus on the evolution of legalframeworks in India and the world, it presents impacts and outcomes; challenges and opportunities; and management strategies and practices to deal with e-waste. First of its kind, the book examines relevant concepts and issues from across 15 disciplines and six areas of policy making and will serve as a comprehensive knowledge base on electronic waste in India. It links key themes to the global context of Sustainable Development Goals and explores the convergence with technological, infrastructural, and social initiatives in e-waste management. A range of topics are discussed, such as resource efficiency policies; circular economy; toxicity; technicalities and complexities of e-waste management including role of the informal sector and need for recognising social and human costs in policy making. The book deals with the role of statistics; legal trends and reforms; linkages with green Agenda 2030 and UN initiatives; implementation of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR); environmental factors; business prospects; consequences on human health; Life Cycle Impact Assessment; the ‘six Rs’ (Responsible use, Repair, Refurbish, Recycle, Recover and Reuse); recycling practices and problems, material flow and informal sector in trade value chain; fostering partnership between formal-informal sectors; safe disposal; alternatives to landfilling; role of jurisprudence and regulatory bodies; and education and awareness. It also includes a survey of pan-India initiatives and trajectories of law-driven initiatives for effective e-waste management along with responses from industries and producers. Timely and essential, this volume will be useful to scholars and researchers of environment studies, digital waste management, waste management, development studies, public policy, political ecology, sustainable development, technology and manufacturing, design and instrumentation, environmental and international law, taxation, commerce, electronic industry, economics, business management, metallurgy, and engineering, labour studies, as well as to policymakers, nongovernmental organisations, and interested general readers.
E-Z Earth Science (Barron's Easy Series)
by M. A. Alan D. SillsThis book explains how the new Earth System approach to Earth Science is revolutionizing our understanding of Earth processes and changes. Separate chapters cover the Earth’s major systems (atmosphere, hydrosphere cryosphere, geosphere, and biosphere); the Big Bang theory of the universe’s origin; geology and the geologic time scale; plate tectonics and continental drift; weathering and erosion; the world’s oceans and atmosphere; environmental considerations, and much more. <P><P>Barron’s continues its ongoing project of improving, updating, and giving contemporary new designs to its popular Easy Way books, now re-named Barron’s E-Z Series. The new cover designs reflect the books’ brand-new page layouts, which feature extensive two-color treatment, a fresh, modern typeface, and many more graphics. In addition to charts, graphs, and diagrams, the graphic features include instructive line illustrations, and where appropriate, amusing cartoons. Barron’s E-Z books are self-teaching manuals designed to improve students’ grades in many academic and practical subjects. In most cases, the skill level ranges between senior high school and college-101 standards. In addition to their self-teaching value, these books are also widely used as textbooks or textbook supplements in classroom settings. E-Z books review their subjects in detail and feature short quizzes and longer tests to help students gauge their learning progress. All exercises and tests come with answers. Subject heads and key phrases are set in a second color as an easy reference aid.
E=mc2: A Biography of the World's Most Famous Equation
by David BodanisAlready climbing the bestseller lists-and garnering rave reviews-this "little masterpiece" sheds brilliant light on the equation that changed the world. Bodanis begins by devoting chapters to each of the equation's letters and symbols, introducing the science and scientists forming the backdrop to Einstein's discovery-from Ole Roemer's revelation that the speed of light could be measured to Michael Faraday's pioneering work on energy fields. Having demystified the equation, Bodanis explains its science and brings it to life historically, making clear the astonishing array of discoveries and consequences it made possible. It would prove to be a beacon throughout the twentieth century, important to Ernest Rutherford, who discovered the structure of the atom, Enrico Fermi, who probed the nucleus, and Lise Meitner, who finally understood how atoms could be split wide open. And it has come to inform our daily lives, governing everything from the atomic bomb to a television's cathode-ray tube to the carbon dating of prehistoric paintings.
EASyQuart - Energieeffiziente Auslegung und Planung dezentraler Versorgungsnetze von Stadtquartieren: Heizen und Kühlen unter Nutzung oberflächennaher geologischer Ressourcen
by Karsten Rink Haibing Shao Rüdiger Grimm Anke Bucher Stephan Schönfelder Jakob Randow Thomas Vienken Konstanze ZschokeDas Open-Access-Buch bietet ein Entscheidungshilfesystem für die Beheizung/Kühlung von Stadtteilen durch oberflächennahe geothermische Ressourcen.Die Energieversorgung von Stadtquartieren spielt eine Schlüsselrolle bei der Erreichung der Klimaschutzziele. In diesem Zusammenhang bietet der geologische Raum ein grundlastfähiges Wärmepotenzial für die städtische Wärmeenergieversorgung. Der optimierte Betrieb von Wärmepumpensystemen ist entscheidend für einen niedrigen Primärenergieverbrauch sowie eine effiziente und nachhaltige Nutzung der geothermischen Ressourcen. Die derzeitige Auslegungspraxis für geothermische Großanlagen basiert im Wesentlichen auf den gleichen Bedingungen, die für Einzelanlagen geschaffen wurden. Gefragt sind jedoch Quartierslösungen, die eine optimierte Anlagendimensionierung ermöglichen. EASyQuart entwickelt ein standortbezogenes Entscheidungshilfesystem für die Beheizung/Kühlung von Stadtquartieren unter Nutzung oberflächennaher geothermischer Ressourcen. Die Projektergebnisse umfassen Arbeitsabläufe, Bewertungskriterien und wissenschaftliche Instrumente, die helfen sollen, eine wirtschaftlich ungünstige Systemdimensionierung zu vermeiden. Auf Basis der Ergebnisse sollen Auslegungsverfahren und regulatorische Rahmenbedingungen flexibilisiert werden.
ECOrenaissance: A Lifestyle Guide for Cocreating a Stylish, Sexy, and Sustainable World
by Horst Rechelbacher Marci ZaroffECOrenaissance provides inspiring tips and tricks for how to live and shop in harmony with nature without sacrificing style or luxury, and how best to benefit from the current renaissance—a global rebirth of sustainable economics, progressive ethics, and green culture—through the wisdom of eco-entrepreneurs, green fashion designers, organic food purveyors, and innovative leaders of this new movement.Gone are the days of boxy hemp shirts and gritty granola—cutting-edge innovation has made ecology as stylish and sexy as red carpet fashion, and everyday people are leading the charge with the choices they make in grocery stores, car lots, at work, in schools, and in their homes. In ECOrenaissance, renowned visionary Marci Zaroff provides a comprehensive guide to help you embrace sustainable living as both a celebration of style and a necessary strategy for maintaining our everyday comforts despite increasingly limited resources. From global warming to drought, genetically modified foods to harmful chemicals in our beauty products, for too long commerce has ignored the health of our planet and our bodies. But now a new age is dawning: one that is uplifting, gorgeous, and accessible. With roundtable discussions from inspiring leaders of the green movement, ECOrenaissance offers you eye-opening and groundbreaking resources to transform your life through supporting companies making significant, practical ecological change. By shining a light on leaders of sustainability throughout the world, Zaroff will transform your understanding of eco-minded products and open new possibilities for you to make a positive impact. Equipped with these tools, you will find new, empowering ways to make “green” elegant in your life, prioritizing current global needs without sacrificing comfort.
EDC Earth Science
by Ruth KrumhanslOur home planet is an incredible and largely unexplored place. Less is known about Earth's surface than about the surface of the Moon, or Mars. As you work your way through the chapters of this course, you'll learn things that are well understood by scientists and you'll also encounter uncertainties. You'll be challenged to support your answers with evidence, and encouraged to debate them with your classmates. At the end of this course, you should feel like you've learned many things.
ELECTRIMACS 2019: Selected Papers - Volume 1 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #604)
by Giovanni Petrone Walter ZamboniThis book collects a selection of papers presented at ELECTRIMACS 2019, the 13th international conference of the IMACS TC1 Committee, held in Salerno, Italy, on 21st-23rd May 2019. The conference papers deal with modelling, simulation, analysis, control, power management, design optimization, identification and diagnostics in electrical power engineering. The main application fields include electric machines and electromagnetic devices, power electronics, transportation systems, smart grids, electric and hybrid vehicles, renewable energy systems, energy storage, batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells, and wireless power transfer. The contributions included in Volume 1 are particularly focused on electrical engineering simulation aspects and innovative applications.
ELECTRIMACS 2019: Selected Papers - Volume 2 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #697)
by Giovanni Petrone Walter ZamboniThis book collects a selection of papers presented at ELECTRIMACS 2019 - The 13th international conference of the IMACS TC1 Committee, held in Salerno, Italy, on 21st-23rd May 2019. The conference papers deal with modelling, simulation, analysis, control, power management, design optimization, identification and diagnostics in electrical power engineering. The main application fields include electric machines and electromagnetic devices, power electronics, transportation systems, smart grids, electric and hybrid vehicles, renewable energy systems, energy storage, batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells, wireless power transfer. The contributions included in Volume 2 are particularly focussed on methodological aspects, modelling and applied mathematics in the field of electrical engineering.
ELECTRIMACS 2022: Selected Papers – Volume 1 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #993)
by Serge Pierfederici Jean-Philippe MartinThis book collects a selection of papers presented at ELECTRIMACS 2021, the 14th international conference of the IMACS TC1 Committee, held in Nancy, France, on 16th-19th May 2022. The conference papers deal with modelling, simulation, analysis, control, power management, design optimization, identification and diagnostics in electrical power engineering. The main application fields include electric machines and electromagnetic devices, power electronics, transportation systems, smart grids, renewable energy systems, energy storage like batteries and supercapacitors, fuel cells, and wireless power transfer. The contributions included in Volume 1 will be particularly focused on electrical engineering simulation aspects and innovative applications.
ELECTRIMACS 2022: Selected Papers – Volume 2 (Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering #1164)
by Serge Pierfederici Jean-Philippe MartinThis book collects a selection of papers presented at ELECTRIMACS, 2022 the14th international conference of the IMACS TC1 Committee, held in Nancy, France, on 17st-21rd May 2022. The conference papers deal with modelling, simulation, analysis, control, power management, design optimization, identification and diagnostics in electrical power engineering. The main application fields include electric machines and electromagnetic devices, power electronics, transportation systems, smart grids, electric and hybrid vehicles, renewable energy systems, energy storage, batteries, supercapacitors and fuel cells, and wireless power transfer. The contributions included in Volume 2 are particularly focused on methodological aspects, modelling, and applied mathematics in the field of electrical engineering.
ENABLING OCEAN RESEARCH IN THE 21ST CENTURY: Implementation of a Network of Ocean Observatories
by Committee on the Implementation of a Seafloor Observatory Network for Oceanographic ResearchAs the importance of the oceans to society grows, so does the need to understand their variation on many temporal and spatial scales. This need to understand ocean change is compelling scientists to move beyond traditional expeditionary modes of investigation. Observing systems will enable the study of processes in the ocean basins over varying timescales and spatial scales, providing the scientific basis for addressing important societal concerns such as climate change, natural hazards, and the health and viability of living and non-living resources along our coasts and in the open ocean. The book evaluates the scientific and technical readiness to move ahead with the establishment of a research-driven ocean observatory network, and highlights outstanding issues. These issues include the status of planning and development, factors that affect the timing of construction and installation, the cost and requirements for maintenance and operations, needs for sensor development and data management, the impact on availability of ships and deep submergence facilities, and the role of research-based observatories within national and international operational ocean observing systems being developed and implemented.
END POINTS for Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste in Russia and the United States
by Committee on End Points for Spent Nuclear Fuel High-Level Radioactive Waste in Russia the United StatesEnd Points for spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Waste in Russian and the United Statesprovides an analysis of the management of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste in Russia and the United States, describing inventories, comparing approaches, and assessing the end-point options for storage and disposal of materials and wastes. The authoring committee finds that despite differences in philosophy about nuclear fuel cycles, Russia and the United States need similar kinds of facilities and face similar challenges, although in Russia many of the problems are worse and funding is less available. This book contains recommendations for immediate and near-term actions, for example, protecting and stabilizing materials that are security and safety hazards, actions for the longer term, such as developing more interim storage capacity and studying effects of deep injection, and areas for collaboration.