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The Dusk of Design: Exploring Multidisciplinary Approaches and Evolutionary Biology in Architecture (Integrated Science #34)
by Jose Antonio Lara-Hernandez Alessandro Melis Paola Boarin Priscila BesenThe Dusk of Design explores the intersection of evolutionary theories and architectural design. Drawing inspiration from the concept of exaptation in biology, the book argues that natural selection, as the most successful designer on our planet, thrives on the diversity, variability, and redundancy of creative structures. By transferring these mechanisms to architectural design, the book contends that we can cultivate more resilient and sustainable architecture and cities in the face of environmental crises.This book seeks to illuminate the profound potential of multidisciplinarity by examining case studies from architecture worldwide. By exploring how evolutionary theories can explain various architectural phenomena, it aims to inspire architects, designers, researchers, and students to adopt a holistic and transdisciplinary approach to their work.The book provides a clear and concise overview of evolutionary principles, demonstrating their relevance to architecture.It will showcase a range of case studies that highlight the application of evolutionary theories in solving architectural challenges, such as adaptive reuse, sustainable urban planning, and resilient design in the face of climate change.Ultimately, "The Dusk of Design" aims to bridge the gap between biology and architecture, presenting a fresh perspective on how we can create more innovative, sustainable, and resilient built environments.
Dust: The Modern World in a Trillion Particles
by Jay OwensExploring dust as a method for seeing the world - from space dust to sandstorms, the domestic to the digital.Combining history and science, a sweeping look at the smallest substance and the biggest challenges facing people and the planet __________Four-and-a-half billion years ago, Planet Earth was formed from a vast spinning nebula of cosmic dust, the detritus left over from the birth of the sun. Within the next 100 years, human life on swathes of the Earth's surface will end in a haze of heat, drought, and, again, dust. Dust is a legacy of 20th-century progress and a profound threat to life in the 21st century. And yet dust is something we hardly ever consider--it is so small and so mundane as to be beyond the threshold of thought.Jay Owen's Dust sparks curiosity and corrects that oversight. This is a book on humanity, the Earth, and what we've done to it over the last century. It moves from the sunlit orange groves of a thirsty Los Angeles at the birth of the "automotive city," to Oklahoma and its Dust Bowl migrants. Owens takes readers to NASA and the Jet Propulsion Lab where spacecraft are built in "clean rooms" and to the Aral Sea, Chernobyl, and the Greenland Ice Sheet, to help us better understand our legacy and the challenges we face in the years ahead. This is a smart, beautifully written book that builds big ideas from the smallest particles.__________DUST is unmistakably a major book in the making. This is a book with an extraordinary global story to tell, but - and - also with an ethical argument to advance. - Robert Macfarlane(P) 2023 Hodder & Stoughton Limited
Dust: The Modern World in a Trillion Particles
by Jay Owens'Dust is a book with an extraordinary global story to tell, but - and - also with an ethical argument to advance. Robert Macfarlane'Superb' Telegraph'Brilliant' Sunday Times'Eye-opening . . . impressive' Guardian 'Like a detective dusting for fingerprints, Jay Owens masterfully reveals the hidden traces of modernity by following some of its smallest fragments.' James Vincent, author of Beyond Measure__________Dust may seem inconsequential, so tiny and mundane as to slip below the threshold of thought. Yet within the next one hundred years, life on Earth will be profoundly changed by heat and drought - and that means dust. In this ground-breaking book, Jay Owens argues that dust is a legacy of twentieth-century progress and a toxic threat to life in the twenty-first.Dust: The Modern World in a Trillion Particles tells the gripping story of how the relentless drive for profit and power has turned the world to powder. Combining history and science, travel and nature writing, Owens shows how the modern world was made through environmental devastation - and then brushed the consequences under the carpet. From particle air pollution and nuclear fallout to desertification, dried-up seas and melting glaciers, we've profoundly altered the planet we live on. The cost to human health - and to the natural world - proves immense.From the California desert and the Dust Bowl in Oklahoma to the desiccated remains of the Aral Sea and the edge of the Greenland ice sheet, we are shown that some of the planet's most remote and forgotten places are central to the modern world. With clarity and insight, Dust: The Modern World in a Trillion Particles helps us understand our legacy and discovers the big ideas found within the smallest particles.__________Combining history and science, a sweeping look at the smallest substance and the biggest challenges facing people and the planet'From Mark Kurlansky's Salt and Laura Martin's Tea to Jared Diamond's Guns and Germs and Steel, can we now add geographer Jay Owens's Dust?' Telegraph
The Dust Bowl: An Illustrated History
by Dayton Duncan Ken BurnsThis “riveting” companion to the PBS documentary “clarifies our understanding of the ‘worst manmade ecological disaster in American history’” (Booklist).In this riveting chronicle, Dayton Duncan and Ken Burns capture the profound drama of the American Dust Bowl of the 1930s. Terrifying photographs of mile-high dust storms, along with firsthand accounts by more than two dozen eyewitnesses, bring to life this heart-wrenching catastrophe, when a combination of drought, wind, and poor farming practices turned millions of acres of the Great Plains into a wasteland, killing crops and livestock, threatening the lives of small children, burying homesteaders’ hopes under huge dunes of dirt—and setting in motion a mass migration the likes of which the nation had never seen. Burns and Duncan collected more than three hundred mesmerizing photographs, some never before published, scoured private letters, government reports, and newspaper articles, and conducted in-depth interviews to produce a document that may likely be the last recorded testimony of the generation who lived through this defining decade.
The Dust Bowl
by Elaina Jacobs Molly SmithDuring the 1930s, the Great Plains region of the United States earned the nickname "the Dust Bowl" because of the many large dust storms that raged across the open land there. Learn more about these "black blizzards" and their devastating effects.
Dust-Gas Instabilities in Protoplanetary Disks: Toward Understanding Planetesimal Formation (Springer Theses)
by Ryosuke TominagaHow planets form is one of the long-standing questions in astrophysics. In particular, formation scenarios of planetesimals which are kilometer-sized bodies and a precursor of planets are still unclear and under debate although some promising mechanisms have been proposed.This book highlight disk instabilities that have the potential to explain the origin of planetesimals. Using linear analyses and numerical simulations, it addresses how a disk evolves through the development of instabilities, and also presents a new instability driven by dust coagulation. As a result, the simulation demonstrates a scenario of planetesimal formation: A successive development of multiple instabilities triggers planetesimal formation in resulting dusty rings.
The Dutch Century: Domination of the Spice Trade at Any Cost (The\dutchman Trilogy Ser. #Vol. 1)
by Carl DouglassThe Dutch Century: Domination of the Spice Trade at Any Cost is the second of three books about the remarkable 17th century, primarily owned by the Netherlands. It reveals--as historical fiction—the adventures, trials, risks, accomplishments, conflicts, atrocities, and crimes, of the Dutch and specifically of the Seagoing Van Brakel family.
The Dutch Century: The Great White Hunter—Southern Africa
by Carl DouglassThe Great White Hunter—Southern Africa is the third and final book of the Dutch Century Trilogy. It covers the last two-thirds of the 1600s, during which the Dutch exercised considerable control of all sub-Saharan Africa. Among the Dutch who spent significant portions of their lives in the region were farmers, traders, builders, mariners, and slavers. And, most interesting, some intrepid long-distance hunters. They sought fortunes as rewards for museum-quality mounted specimens, success beyond their wildest imaginations from the elephant tusk/ivory trade, and adventure—always adventure. They were brave and hardy souls who faced hardships of miserable travel in oxwaggons, difficult to manage native helpers, balky oxen, mules, and horses. In addition, there were problems of tribalism, close calls from fearsome beasts, including lions, leopards, elephants, rhinos, crocs, and dangerous men. Piet van Brakel explored the lower half of the African continent while still a fugitive from the dangerous Dutch VOC. To succeed, he had to control the vicissitudes of weather—floods, droughts, winds, starvation, and great thirsts. He was the baas, the bwana who had to deal with all unseen and unknown surprises. That included: animal attacks, Arab slaver/killer invasion, war with ruthless Zulu impis, poisons, malfunctioning guns, and misbehaving men of his safari team. He lost six of his nine lives, accumulated hard-won treasure twice, and gained incomparable friends and success beyond measure. Such a life was never a sure thing for the man. How he accomplished, that is the stuff of legend.
Dwellbeing: Finding Home in the City
by Claire Bradbury Tony JuniperIn recent times, we have all questioned whether we feel truly nurtured by where we live. With 68 per cent of the world’s population predicted to live in cities by 2050, Dwellbeing is a call to stand firm on the seven pillars we cherish and so desperately need from our city homes: wilderness, nourishment, movement, connection, dwelling, imagination and love.Claire Bradbury is the ultimate urban nomad: born in the South African bush, she has spent her life working and living in cities across the globe. As an environmentalist, sustainability expert and wellbeing advocate, she explores how we can change the story of our city homes to be about dwelling, rootedness and joy, rather than a relentless rat race. She has spoken to everyone from city dwellers, street artists and planners to chefs, DJs and architects around the world to unearth the everyday actions that have the power to enhance our lives. Dwellbeing celebrates the leaders, creators and urban heroes who are rewriting the script on urban living, helping us to make the shift from ‘smart’ to ‘lovable’ cities.This beautiful book shows that, when it comes to reimagining our urban futures, everyone has a voice.
Dwelling in Resistance: Living with Alternative Technologies in America
by Chelsea SchellyMost Americans take for granted much of what is materially involved in the daily rituals of dwelling. In Dwelling in Resistance, Chelsea Schelly examines four alternative U.S. communities—“The Farm,” “Twin Oaks,” “Dancing Rabbit,” and “Earthships”—where electricity, water, heat, waste, food, and transportation practices differ markedly from those of the vast majority of Americans. Schelly portrays a wide range of residential living alternatives utilizing renewable, small-scale, de-centralized technologies. These technologies considerably change how individuals and communities interact with the material world, their natural environment, and one another. Using in depth interviews and compelling ethnographic observations, the book offers an insightful look at different communities’ practices and principles and their successful endeavors in sustainability and self-sufficiency.
Dye Pollution from Textile Industry: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Development (SDGs and Textiles)
by Pardeep SinghThis book provides a comprehensive overview of the challenges associated with dye pollution and highlights opportunities for sustainable development in the textile industry. It discusses the environmental and health impacts of textile dyeing, the regulations and standards related to dye pollution, and the available technologies and strategies for reducing dye pollution. One of the significant challenges associated with dye pollution is the contamination of water resources. The book further discusses the available technologies and strategies for reducing water consumption and improving water treatment in the textile industry. The book also highlights the importance of adopting sustainable production processes and waste management strategies to minimize toxic waste products and eco-friendly textile production. This book is a valuable resource for researchers, industry professionals, policymakers, and anyone interested in the environmental impact of textile production.
Dyke Swarms: Keys for Geodynamic Interpretation
by Rajesh SrivastavaDykes occur in a wide variety of geological and tectonic settings and their detailed study through space and time is imperative for understanding several geological events. Dykes are believed to be an integral part of continental rifting and when they occur as spatially extensive swarms of adequate size, they can be of immense utility in continental reconstructions and also help to identify Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs). It is known that continental flood basalts and major dyke swarms have their origin related in some way to the up-rise of hot mantle plumes which may lead to rifting and eventual continental break-up. Dykes signify crustal extension and are important indicators of crustal stabilisation events, supercontinental assembly and dispersal, crust-mantle interaction and play a significant role in the delineation of crustal provinces as well as in deciphering crustal evolution events. Many economic mineral deposits of the world are also associated with a variety of dykes. The volume will provide state-of-the-art information on all aspects of dykes with emphasis on the origin, evolution and emplacement of dykes.
Dyke Swarms of the World: A Modern Perspective (Springer Geology)
by Rajesh K. Srivastava Richard E. Ernst Peng PengContinuing the tradition of International Dyke Conference, this book is largely based on contributions from the IDC7 but also includes some chapters by invitation. It focuses on mafic dyke swarms and related associations: e.g. links with sills, kimberlites, syenites, carbonatites, and volcanics, discussing the following themes: (i) regional maps/reviews of dyke swarms and related units, (ii) the role of giant dyke swarms in the reconstruction of supercontinents/paleocontinents, (iii) mapping of dykes using remote sensing techniques, (iv) geochronology of dyke swarms, (v) petrology, geochemistry and petrogenesis of dykes, (vi) emplacement mechanism of dykes, (vii) dyke swarms and planetary bodies, and (viii) links to mineralization and resources.
Dyke Swarms - Time Markers of Crustal Evolution: Selected Papers of the Fifth International Dyke Conference in Finland, Rovaniemi, Finland, 31 July- 3 Aug 2005 & Fourth International Dyke Conference, Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa 26-29 June 2001
by E. Hanski S. Mertanen T. Rämö J. VuolloDyke swarms are remnants of large igneous provinces, and are pointers of continental break-up events, as well as indicators for ancient continental reconstructions. These global geodynamic aspects are of crucial significance in tectonics, and with recent developments in high-precision age, dating it has become possible to enter these short-lived ma
Dynamic and Mobile GIS: Investigating Changes in Space and Time (Innovations in GIS)
by Jane Drummond Roland Billen Elsa Joao David ForrestWith the widespread use of PDAs, wireless internet, Internet-based GIS, and 3G and 4G telecommunications, the technology supporting mobile GIS is rapidly gaining popularity and effectiveness. Dynamic and Mobile GIS: Investigating Changes in Space and Time addresses Web GIS, mobile GIS, and the modeling, processing, and representation of dynamic eve
Dynamic and Precise Engineering Surveying
by Qingquan LiDriven by the increasingly expanding needs of infrastructure construction, operation and maintenance, as well as the rapid developments of intelligent sensing and information technology, precise engineering surveying has been transformed from static, discrete, and manual into dynamic, continuous, and intelligent ways. This transformation leads to an advanced multidisciplinary field, dynamic and precise engineering surveying, on which the author has worked for over two decades. This book systematically summarizes the fundamentals, methods, and applications in dynamic and precise engineering surveying. The contents mainly include two parts: the first part introduces principles and methods of dynamic and precise engineering surveying; the second part presents representative applications in which innovative methods and advanced equipment are applied in the construction, operation and maintenance of mega and complex infrastructures.Readers engaged in surveying and mapping, civil engineering, water conservancy engineering, railway engineering, electronic information, and computer science, including undergraduates, graduates, researchers and engineers, will find it an informative reference.
Dynamic and Transient Infinite Elements
by Chongbin ZhaoThis monograph aims to provide a state-of-the-art theory and the application of dynamic and transient infinite elements for simulating the far fields of infinite domains involved in many of scientific and engineering problems, based on the author's own work during the last two decades. While the theoretical aspects of either dynamic infinite elements or transient infinite elements are systematically presented, the related application examples are immediately followed to illustrate the usefulness and applicability of these infinite elements for simulating a wide range of dynamic and transient problems involving infinite domains. To broaden the readership of this monograph, common mathematical notations are used to derive the formulations of both dynamic and transient infinite elements. This enables this monograph to be used either as a useful textbook for postgraduate students or as a valuable reference book for computational geoscientists, geotechnical engineers, civil engineers, geoscientists and applied mathematicians.
Dynamic Behavior of Pipelines for Marine Applications (Synthesis Lectures on Ocean Systems Engineering)
by Ioannis K. ChatjigeorgiouThe dynamic behavior of pipelines describes the time-varying continuous response of these structures under extreme effects, that are generated by the surrounding environment (waves and sea currents) and motions imposed by the host floating facility. This book describes all known impacts that affect the behavior and operation of a pipeline conveying an inner flow for underwater applications. "Known Impacts" are those phenomena that are considered important according to practice and experience. Underwater pipelines are typical, unique structures that are attached to unique floating facilities. The design and utilization of underwater pipelines depend strongly on the installation site and the intended application's particulars. It is possible that future technology demands will require us to cope with additional challenges that will be considered important for the design and operation of underwater pipelines, leading inevitably to the enhancement of the "known challenges".
Dynamic Buckling of Columns Inside Oil Wells (SpringerBriefs in Petroleum Geoscience & Engineering)
by José Ricardo Pelaquim Mendes Marcelo Anunciação JaculliThis book introduces the underlying concepts of column dynamics and buckling, based on the latest state-of-the-art research on this innovative topic. It begins with a summary of the basic concepts behind column dynamics and buckling, before moving on to the models for studying dynamic buckling inside oil wells. Four models with increasing complexity are presented: columns without friction; columns with friction; columns inside slant wells; and columns inside offshore wells. Each model is divided into two cases, depending on whether the column is being tripped in or out. A case study is used to demonstrate these models and is further developed as each model is presented and explained. The results include comparisons between the models themselves, thus showing the implications of the adopted hypotheses of each. This book enables academic, industrial, and graduate student readers to fully understand the fundamentals of dynamic buckling and to further develop the presented models for their own research.
Dynamic Earth
by Prentice HallThis book contains everything teenagers need learn about the earth. Topics covered in this book are: earthquakes, volcanoes, earth's crust, plate tectonics, rocks, minerals, weathering, soil formation, erosion and deposition
Dynamic Equivalent Modeling of Acoustic Metamaterials: Solving Problem of Noise and Vibration
by Nansha Gao Jie DengThis book derives physical models from basic principles, studies the effect of equivalent models on the dynamic characteristics of phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials, and analyzes the physical mechanisms behind vibration and noise reduction. It first summarizes the research status of vibration and noise reduction, and research progress in phononic crystals and acoustic metamaterials. Based on this, one-dimensional periodic beam, two-dimensional thin plate with circular hole, and corresponding gradient structures are introduced, and their dynamic characteristics are discussed in detail. Therefore, different equivalent methods for different models are proposed through theoretical analysis, modal analysis and transmission rate analysis. Finally, a Helmholtz-type acoustic metamaterial, i.e. a multi-layer slotted tube acoustic metamaterial, is studied. Aiming at the low-frequency band gap of this model, a theoretical model for solving the inverse problem of acousto-electric analogue equivalent is proposed, and the effect of structural parameters on the low-frequency band gap is studied using this equivalent model. This book closely revolves around how to conduct equivalent research on artificially fabricated periodic structures. The methods and conclusions presented in this book provide a new theoretical basis for the application of artificial woven periodic structures in the field of low-frequency vibration reduction and noise reduction and are also an innovation in the discipline of vibration and noise control. This book is suitable for undergraduate students, graduate students and teachers in vibration and noise majors in universities, and can also provide references for engineering and technical personnel in related fields.
Dynamic Fluidic Sprinkler and Intelligent Sprinkler Irrigation Technologies (Smart Agriculture #3)
by Xingye Zhu Alexander Fordjour Junping Liu Shouqi YuanThis book presents a newly designed dynamic fluidic sprinkler (DFS) to improve hydraulic performance of the existing complete fluidic sprinkler (CFS) under low-pressure conditions. Sprinkler irrigation has high prospects for improving water management in crop production. In recent years, low-pressure water-saving has become an important research content in the field of sprinkler irrigation. It introduces the effect of riser height on rotation uniformity and application rate of the dynamic fluidic sprinkler. It also discusses the intelligent sprinkler irrigation technologies for autonomous and remote sensing system. This book will be a useful reference for researchers and professionals in the field of agriculture and irrigation.
Dynamic Governance of Energy Technology Change
by Silvia Ulli-BeerFormulating effective responses to the global challenges of mitigating climate change and securing a sustainable energy future requires a clear understanding of the interdependent causalities between institutions, local decision making, strategic alliances and eco-innovations, as well as policies. It has been acknowledged that the linear "Manhattan project" model is not an adequate governance model for mastering the dynamic complexity of socio-technical transitions; therefore this book aims at advancing research on systematic transition management models. It offers qualitative and quantitative analyses of socio-technical transitions in road transportation and housing, bringing together tailored theorizing on sustainability transitions and applied system dynamics modeling. It highlights the interconnected causal feedbacks that are required to overcome the lock-in situation in road transportation and housing fueled by fossil energies. Showing which concerted actions and framework conditions are required in the transition phases in order to initiate and sustain socio-technical transition, it serves as a guide to model-based strategy making, policy design and analyses in support of sustainable futures.
Dynamic Image Analysis of Granular Materials: Particle Granulometry for Geotechnical, Material, and Geological Applications (Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering)
by Magued Iskander Linzhu LiThis book explores the effectiveness of Dynamic Image Analysis (DIA) in granulometry studies of sand, and presents criteria for soil characterization using DIA, including test parameters, specimen size, efficacy in gap-graded soils, and its limitations. DIA is a modern experimental technique used to analyze and classify particulate materials based on their size, shape, and other morphological properties. This method employs a high-frame-rate camera to capture images of individual sand particles, which have been transported and separated using various techniques. DIA generates both particle size and shape information by analyzing thousands to millions of particles, providing a quantitative statistical description of grain size and shape distribution within the specimen. The manuscript also offers a comprehensive examination of 2D and 3D particle size and shape descriptors. It demonstrates that there is no correlation between size and shape parameters in many sands and that shape descriptors can be reduced to four independent parameters representing sand granulometry at different scales. Additionally, the use of DIA in exploring the depositional history of two complex calcareous sands is presented. The manuscript presents the properties of 30 representative sands, including size and shape parameters, and fits them to statistical distributions. The investigated soils encompass both natural and machine-sorted materials, particles with regular and irregular shapes, as well as siliceous and calcareous sands. Physical granulometry of sand particles is compared using 2D, 3D DIA, and micro-computed tomography (μCT). The work demonstrates that DIA offers significant advantages in terms of efficiency for 3D shape analysis while providing an adequate representation of particle sizes and shapes of most sands. Finally, the manuscript integrates classical geotechnical engineering with computer vision and artificial intelligence. Size and shape descriptors are utilized for sand classification through machine learning models. This work represents a crucial step toward the automatic machine classification of soils, potentially enabling on-site classification using smartphones equipped with high-resolution cameras.
Dynamic land use/cover change modelling
by Jamal Jokar ArsanjaniThe thesis is an original and novel contribution to land use/land cover change analysis using methods of geosimulation and agent-based modeling. The author implements several traditional methodologies of land use change by means of remote sensing and GIS techniques. An Agent-Based Model was developed in order to simulate land use change in the Tehran metropolitan area, comparing the outcomes of each particular methodology. All methods are compared, and advantages and disadvantages discussed.