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Ecology of Marine Bivalves: An Ecosystem Approach, Second Edition (Crc Marine Science Ser.)
by Richard F. DameExploring the potential use of bivalves as indicators and monitors of ecosystem health, this book describes live and computer simulated experiments, mesocosm studies, and field manipulation experiments. This second edition discusses major new developments, including phase shifts in many coastal and estuarine ecosystems dominated by suspension-feeding bivalves, the invasion or introduction of alien bivalve species, the rapid growth of environmental restoration focused on bivalves, and the examination of geological history with regard to global climate change and its impact on bivalve-dominated systems.
Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluka
by Yance De Fretes Kathryn A. Monk Gayatri Reksodiharjo-LilleyCHAPTER 1 explains the book's approach and the history of ecological work in the region. CHAPTER 2 reviews the physical features of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku, geological origins, the propensity to environmental hazards,hydrology, climate, and soils. CHAPTERS 3 and 4 discuss the characteristicsand distribution of marine, coastal, and terrestrial habitats, and the influence of people upon them. CHAPTER 5 inventories existing information on species diversity with reference to bio-geography and selection of biological indicatorsfor both conservation and environmental impact assessments CHAPTER 6 provides information on the people of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku and the structure of their societies. CHAPTER 7 examines the people's approach to ecological managemem through traditional and modern laws. CHAPTERS 8 TO 10 deal with the marine andland resource uses and how the islands can develop iry an ecologically sustainable way . CHAPTER 11 discusses reserve management and species protection, and offers recommendations for future action that will extend the protection of the biodiversity. CHAPTER 12 summatizes the environmental characteristics of the, region, and emphasizes the need for Indonesia's growingcommunity of environmental managers and lawyers to have the baseline ecologicaldata of this region to plan, assess, and manage its rapid development.
Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku
by Yance De Fretes Kathryn A. Monk Gayatri Reksodiharjo-LilleyThe Ecology of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku distills for the first time the information found in thousands of scholarly documents relevant to an understanding of the full range of natural and man-made ecosystems on these islands--many of them available up to now only in Dutch, German or Indonesian. It contains extensive baseline data on the region's people, ecosystems, biodiversity and land use, and discusses these in a historical as well as a developmental context. It also provides guidelines for scientific researchers on worthwhile ecological and socio-economic research projects.This region is the most diverse in Indonesia. Its myriad islands range from small atolls to active volcanic islands rising 3,500 meters above sea level. Each province has extensive coastlines--only 10 percent of the province of Maluku is land. The seas include shallow continental shelves and some of the deepest sea basins in the world. The complexity and vulnerability of these islands mean that development and environment are inextricably linked. If this is not understood and acted upon, there is no possibility for the ecologically sustainable development of Nusa Tenggara and Maluku.
Ecology of Sulawesi
by Tony Whitten Muslimin Mustafa Greg S. HendersonEcology of Sulawesi has brought together information from over 1,600 sources, as well as from research conducted specifically for the book. It is hoped that it will prove useful to resource managers, ecologists, environmental scientists and local government personnel, and be enlightening to Sulawesi's inhabitants and visitors.
Ecology of Sulawesi
by Tony Whitten Muslimin Mustafa Greg S. HendersonThe Ecology of Sulawesi distills for the first time the information found in over 1,600 sources scholarly documents relevant to an understanding of the full range of natural and man-made ecosystems on the island--many of them available up to now only in Dutch, German or Indonesian--as well as the results of research conducted specifically for the book. It is hoped that it will prove useful to resource managers, ecologists, environmental scientists and local government personnel, and be enlightening to Sulawesi's inhabitants and visitors.Sulawesi is one of the least-known islands of Indonesia, and wise environmental management, including the proper assessment of environmental management, including the proper assessment of environmental impacts arising from development projects and other activities, is currently very difficult.
Ecology of Sumatra
by Tony Whitten Sengli J. DamanikSUMATRA is the focus of a large number of agricultural. social and industrialdevelopments and yet the possible biological impacts of these are largely only guessed at bv local and foreign scientists working on those projects. One reason for this is that the biology of Sumatra and its surrounding islands is poorly known. Another reason is that the information which does exist is spread through a disparate array of Dutch, English, German and Indonesian journals and reports.The Ecology of Sumatra has brought together nearly 1500 references relevantto understanding the Components and functioning of the wide range of natural and man-made ecosystems on Sumatra. It was originally written in l983 bv a team at the Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies (CRES) at the University of North Sumatra, and the team members have conducted field work throughout Sumatra to supplement existing information. This new version includes a commentary on the last 17 years of development on Sumatra, as well as an additional bibliography of recent publications. It is hoped that The Ecology of Sumatra will prove useful to resource managers. ecologists, em;ronmental scientists and local governmental personnel, and be enlightening to Sumatra's inhabitants and visitors. It should also be of great interest to anyone wanting to learn about Southeast Asian biology.
Ecology of Sumatra
by Tony Whitten Sengli J. DamanikThe Ecology of Sumatra distills for the first time the information found in nearly 1,500 scholarly works relevant to an understanding of the full range of natural and man-made ecosystems on the island-many of them available only in Dutch, German or Indonesian. It was originally prepared by a team working at the Centre for Resource and Environmental Studies (CRES) at the University of North Sumatra to supplement existing documents. This new version is aimed at general readers and includes a section on recent development on Sumatra, as well as an additional bibliography of recent publications. It contains hundreds of line drawings, tables, maps and photographs.It is hoped that The Ecology of Sumatra will prove useful to resource managers, ecologists, environmental scientists and local government personnel, and be enlightening to Sumatra's inhabitants and visitors. It should also be of great interest to anyone wanting to learn about Southeast Asian biology.graphy of recent publications. It is hoped that The Ecology of Sumatra will prove useful to resource managers. ecologists, em;ronmental scientists and local governmental personnel, and be enlightening to Sumatra's inhabitants and visitors. It should also be of great interest to anyone wanting to learn about Southeast Asian biology.
Ecology of Threatened Semi-Arid Wetlands
by David G. Angeler Salvador Sánchez-CarrilloPlaying a critical role in both influencing climate change and mitigating its impacts, the world's diverse wetlands have become one of the world's most threatened ecosystems as unsustainable land-use practices coupled with irrational use of water have already resulted in large-scale wetlands loss and degradation. To develop sound management and conservation schemes to assure wetlands sustainability in the long term requires long-term understanding of wetlands ecology. Yet until now, long-term interdisciplinary research into these systems has been limited to only a few systems from tropical or temperate climates (such as the Florida Everglades, and Czech biosphere reserve). This new book adds to the existing wetlands literature, providing a unique reference in basic and applied Mediterranean wetland ecology, based on results from long-term interdisciplinary research at the RAMSAR and UNESCO Biosphere site, of Las Tablas de Daimiel, Spain. Dating back to the early 1990s the research highlights changes in the biotic and abiotic environment in response to cumulative anthropogenic stressors, and provide guidance on applying this understand to sound management and conservation. With particular relevance to researchers dealing with semi-arid wetlands in the Mediterranean and elsewhere, as well as to resource managers, the book discusses the complexity of the interacting abiotic and biotic environment across different spatial and temporal scales and across various levels of biological hierarchy is highlighted, and reveals how management based on poor knowledge causes more damage than repair. The book will be of interest to researchers interested in freshwater ecology, hydrobotany, hydrology, geology, biogeochemistry, landscape ecology and environmental management.
Ecology of Tropical Cities, Volume I: Natural and Social Sciences Applied to the Conservation of Urban Biodiversity
by Piotr Tryjanowski Fabio Angeoletto Mark D. E. FellowesThis contributed volume addresses the global scale of urbanization and its impacts on biodiversity. By adding human capital, cities are incubators for new ideas and technologies, creating the possibility for socially and environmentally sensitive growth, but this is rarely seen. Urban ecology, an essential field that supports planning based on environmental perspectives, is a new science in tropical countries. This book discusses the social inequity embedded in tropical cities and explores how this inequity also materializes in biodiversity, with poor neighborhoods of tropical cities lacking sufficient access to green space, and therefore reduced access to the benefits of nature, and poor support for biodiversity. With the current biodiversity crisis, the traditional approach to protecting pristine areas is insufficient. The chapters in this volume illustrate how tropical cities can act as spaces for biological conservation. Ecological literacy can help cities reconcile the needs of both people and of nature. This book compiles studies by experts from more than 100 institutions and 29 countries on the ecology and biodiversity of tropical cities at multiple scales and applies their studies to urban planning and management. The audience for this book includes researchers, students, and professionals working on environmental, social, economic, cultural, political, architectural, and development projects in urban areas, offering a deep and timely discussion of their influence on the fauna and flora of tropical cities.
Ecology of Tuberculosis in India (Global Perspectives on Health Geography)
by Bikramaditya K. ChoudharyThe book addresses the issue of disease diffusion across the geographical span of India during the colonial period. Based on archival records, it analyses colonial economic policies and their implications for the spread of the disease across different regions of India as well as the role of the military in disease spread. It adds a new dimension to the understanding of the spread of TB in colonial India.The book also discusses the concept of the meaning of illness for different cohorts of TB patients. Based on narratives, it brings to readers the social and cultural dimensions that are responsible for the prevalence of the disease, despite having vaccination and medication available for more than half a century.The book will be beneficial to health and medical geographers and will bring new insights in historical geography as well as the history of medicine, by incorporating policy changes and their implication in disease spread. Sociologists and public health professionals will find narratives of patients interesting and useful for furthering their understanding.
Ecology of Urban Environments
by J. ParrisStudies the distribution, abundance and behaviour of organisms, their interactions with each other and with their urban environment Case studies with questions to improve retention and understanding Uses existing ecological theory to identify generalities and complexities in the urban ecosystems Discusses the urban ecology of humans, community-level, ecosystem-level, and population-and species-level responses to urbanization
Ecology of Wild Bird Diseases
by Sasan FereidouniThe book focuses on the ecology of the most important infectious diseases of wild avian hosts, especially those with high morbidity and mortality rates. Disease ecology is an important scientific approach to study the relationships and interactions between living organisms, their environment, and potential pathogens. Birds have high diversity, and the very special ability to fly and migrate. They migrate over long distances, and share ecosystems with other animals, even humans. They serve as the most important natural source of several pathogens with zoonotic potential. Bird-pathogen interactions are increasingly changing due to the continuous anthropogenic disturbances in habitats and ecosystems. With intensified climate change and improved environmental conditions for vectors, as well as higher susceptibility of avian hosts due to simultaneous exposure to environmental stressors (e.g., contamination, food limitation, etc.), the probability of emerging new infections and their expansion into new territories increase tremendously. The Covid-19 pandemic has shown that neglected ecological and epidemiological interactions between wildlife, domestic animals and humans are paramount to global health.The book has a different approach to understanding complex and multiscale interactions among various ecological factors for the most important infectious diseases of wild birds. It provides valuable data to students and everyone who deals with avian species including biologists, researchers, conservationists, and policymakers.
Ecology of Wildlife Diseases in the Neotropics
by Gerardo Acosta-Jamett Andrea ChavesThis contributed volume focuses on the Neotropical region, and explores the environmental, ecological and socio-economic components that facilitate the emergence of zoonotic diseases. This book highlights the primary ecological, environmental, social, and economic variables associated with the risk of maintenance, transmission, and dissemination of emerging, re-emerging, and neglected infectious diseases, in which Neotropical vertebrates are involved. It compiles up-to-date knowledge and research for the neotropical region, as well as discusses the current needs of knowledge improvement. The chapters include various examples of the cycles of infectious diseases, all with world-wide relevance where neotropical wild vertebrates are affected or involved.
Ecology of Wisdom: Writings
by Arne NaessA founder of the Deep Ecology Movement, Arne Naess' has produced articles on environmentalism that have provided unmatched inspiration for ecologists, philosophers, and activists worldwide. This collection amasses a definitive group of Naess' most important works in which he calls for nonviolent, cooperative action to protect the Earth. Rich with observations, insights, and anecdotes, Naess' writings draw from Eastern religious practices, Gandhian nonviolent direct action, and Spinozan unity systems. Playful and compassionate in tone, Ecology of Wisdom showcases Naess' exceptional enthusiasm, wit, and spiritual fascination with nature, while educating each of us about the steps we must take to rescue the planet and illuminating the relevance of this important environmental advocate.
Ecology on the Ground and in the Clouds: Aimé Bonpland and Alexander von Humboldt (SUNY series in Environmental Philosophy and Ethics)
by Andrea NyeIn Ecology on the Ground and in the Clouds, Andrea Nye raises a question: In a time of climate change and environmental crisis, where should we look for inspiration? Is it to Alexander von Humboldt, the "inventor of nature" who viewed the cosmos from the lofty peak of Mount Chimborazo? Or is it to Humboldt's travel partner, the botanist Aimé Bonpland, who left Europe behind for forty years of conservation, agroforestry, and cooperative farming in the newly independent Republic of Argentina? For Bonpland, order and harmony are not unveiled with European reason and insight; they are made on the ground by intelligent, honorable, and diverse working men and women. Cosmos is not a hidden balance of nature; it is order in thought and action that ensures what we do is coherent and for the common good. It is fair and efficient government, just adjudication of disputes, and good management. It is loving attention to intricate "cogs and wheels" of natural processes at the same time as imagining new forms of beauty and stability in human communities and working landscapes.
Ecology without Nature: Rethinking Environmental Aesthetics
by Timothy MortonIn Ecology without Nature, Timothy Morton argues that the chief stumbling block to environmental thinking is the image of nature itself. Ecological writers propose a new worldview, but their very zeal to preserve the natural world leads them away from the "nature" they revere. The problem is a symptom of the ecological catastrophe in which we are living. Morton sets out a seeming paradox: to have a properly ecological view, we must relinquish the idea of nature once and for all. Ecology without Nature investigates our ecological assumptions in a way that is provocative and deeply engaging. Ranging widely in eighteenth-century through contemporary philosophy, culture, and history, he explores the value of art in imagining environmental projects for the future. Morton develops a fresh vocabulary for reading "environmentality" in artistic form as well as content, and traces the contexts of ecological constructs through the history of capitalism. From John Clare to John Cage, from Kierkegaard to Kristeva, from The Lord of the Rings to electronic life forms, Ecology without Nature widens our view of ecological criticism, and deepens our understanding of ecology itself. Instead of trying to use an idea of nature to heal what society has damaged, Morton sets out a radical new form of ecological criticism: "dark ecology."
Ecology, Biodiversity and Conservation: A Century of Research in South Africa (Ecology, Biodiversity and Conservation)
by Jane CarruthersSouth Africa is renowned for its wildlife and environmental conservation in iconic national parks such as the Kruger, one of the world's first formal protected areas. However, this is the first book to thoroughly analyse and explain the interesting and changing scientific research that has been accomplished in South Africa's national parks during the twentieth century. Providing a fascinating and thorough historical narrative based on an extensive range of sources, this text details the evolution of traditional natural history pursuits to modern conservation science in South Africa, covering all research areas of conservation biology and all the national parks around the country. It reveals the interaction between the international context, government, learning institutions and the public that has shaped the present conservation arena. A complex story that will interest and inform not only those involved in conservation science of South Africa, but worldwide.
Ecology, Biodiversity and Conservation: Marine Ecosystems
by Crowe, Tasman P. and Frid, Christopher L. J. Tasman P. Crowe Frid, Christopher L. J.Ecosystem services are emerging as a key driver of conservation policy and environmental management. Delivery of ecosystem services depends on the efficient functioning of ecosystems, which in turn depends on biodiversity and environmental conditions. Many marine ecosystems are extremely productive and highly valued, but they are increasingly threatened by human activities. With contributions from leading researchers, this volume synthesises current understanding of the effects on biodiversity and ecosystem functioning caused by a variety of human activities and pressures at play in coastal marine ecosystems. The authors examine the likely consequences for ecosystem service provision, covering key topics including fisheries, aquaculture, physical structures, nutrients, chemical contaminants, marine debris and invasive species. Critically reviewing the latest developments, this is a unique resource both for environmental managers and policy-makers, and for researchers and students in marine ecology and environmental management.
Ecology, Capitalism and the New Agricultural Economy: The Second Great Transformation (Critical Food Studies)
by Gilles Allaire Benoit DavironWith increasing pressure on resources, the looming spectre of climate change and growing anxiety among eaters, ecology and food are at the heart of the political debates surrounding agriculture and diet. This unique contribution unravels agri-environmental issues at different spatial levels, from local to global, documenting the major shifts in agriculture from a long-term perspective. The book begins by exploring the changes in the industrialisation and socialisation of agriculture over time, through the lens of institutional economics including The French Regulation School and Conventions Theory. Building on Polanyi’s ‘Great Transformation’, the chapters in this volume analyse long-term and contemporary changes in agriculture and food systems that have occurred throughout the last few centuries. Key chapters focus on the historical changes in provisioning and the social relations of production, consumption, and regulation of food in different socio-political contexts. The future of agriculture is addressed through an analysis of controversial contemporary political claims and their engagement with strategies that aim to improve the sustainability of agriculture and food consumption. To shed light on ongoing changes and the future of food, this book asks important environmental and social questions and analyses how industrial agriculture has played out in various contexts. It is recommended supplementary reading for postgraduates and researchers in agricultural studies, food studies, food policy, the agri-food political economy and political and economic geography.
Ecology, Conservation and Management of Wild Pigs and Peccaries
by Mario Melletti Erik MeijaardWild pigs inhabit vast areas in Europe, Southern Asia and Africa, and have been introduced in North and South America, while feral pigs are widespread in Australia and New Zealand. Many wild pig species are threatened with extinction, but Eurasian wild boar populations, however, are increasing in many regions. Covering all wild pig and peccary species, the Suidae and Tayassuidae families, this comprehensive review presents new information about the evolution, taxonomy and domestication of wild pigs and peccaries alongside novel case studies on conservation activities and management. One hundred leading experts from twenty five countries synthesise understanding of this group of species; discussing current research, and gaps in the knowledge of researchers, conservation biologists, zoologists, wildlife managers and students. This beautifully illustrated reference includes the long history of interactions between wild pigs and humans, the benefits some species have brought us and their role and impact on natural ecosystems.
Ecology, Conservation, and Restoration of Chilika Lagoon, India (Wetlands: Ecology, Conservation and Management #6)
by C. Max Finlayson Gurdeep Rastogi Deepak R. Mishra Ajit K. PattnaikThis book chronicles the decades-long work of studying, analyzing, and reversing the environmental pressures that threatened India’s Chilika Lagoon, the largest brackish-water lagoon in the region, and the second largest in the world. Designated as one of India’s first Ramsar Sites in 1981, Chilika Lagoon continued to degrade for a decade longer. Then, the Chilika Development Authority (CDA) was established to gather information and devise a restoration plan that benefits the ecosystems of the lagoon, with sensitivity to the needs and livelihoods of local communities. Expert contributors detail the work of analysis, planning and implementation, including extensive coverage of such topics as: Devising a plan for implementing Ramsar wise use guidelines Sedimentologic, chemical, and isotopic impacts Hydrodynamics and salinity Runoff and sediment in watersheds of the Lagoon's Western Catchment Long-term analysis of water quality and continued water quality monitoring Bio-optical models for cyclone impact assessment Studies of geomorphology, land use, and sedimentary environments Spatiotemporal assessment of phytoplankton communities Creation of a post-restoration scenario for fish and fisheries Assessing status of waterbirds, species diversity and migration patterns The result was a major hydrological intervention to re-establish hydrological and salinity regimes, biodiversity, and fish catches, and help protect the livelihood of lagoon-dependent communities. The story of the rehabilitation and management of Chilika Lagoon demonstrates that it is possible to halt and reverse the encroachment and degradation of wetlands, to restore biodiversity and to provide benefits for large numbers of people. Ecology, Conservation, and Restoration of Chilika Lagoon goes beyond scientific research articles to explore institutional and governance issues, political ecology, and the Ramsar Convention’s guidelines for ecosystem restoration. The book will benefit researchers, wetland managers, government policy makers and more general readers concerned with restoration and conservation of wetlands around the planet.
Ecology, Economy and Society: Essays in Honour of Kanchan Chopra
by Vikram Dayal Anantha Duraiappah Nandan NawnThis book deals with not just complex linkages, interactions and exchanges that form the relationship between the economic activities, human society and the ecosystems, but also the influences and impacts that each causes on the other. In recent times, this ecology–economy–society interface has received unprecedented attention within the broader environment–development discourse. The volume is in honour of Kanchan Chopra, one of the pioneers of research in these areas in India. She has recently been awarded the coveted Kenneth Boulding Award by the International Society for Ecological Economics (ISEE) and is the first Asian to receive it. The four sub-themes of the book reflect some of the important areas in the environment–development discourse — sustainability of development, institutions and environmental governance, environment and well-being, and ecosystem and conservation. Within each of the sub-themes, the policy and the practice as well as the macro and micro aspects are addressed. With contributions mainly from ecological economists and ecologists, the book’s approach is interdisciplinary, both in spirit and content, reflecting the honoree's work, which went not just beyond the mainstream ideology of economics, but also the way she listened to ideas from disciplines like ecology and sociology. The volume also includes two reflective essays on academic life and works of Kanchan Chopra. The book is a valuable resource for students, teachers, researchers, practitioners and policy makers in the areas of development economics, ecological economics, environmental economics and related disciplines such as conservation, development, ecology, economics, environment, governance, health, sociology and public policy.
Ecology, Ethics, and Interdependence: The Dalai Lama in Conversation with Leading Thinkers on Climate Change
by Daniel Goleman Dunne D. JohnPowerful conversations between His Holiness the Dalai Lama and leading scientists on the most pressing issue of our time. Engage with leading scientists, academics, ethicists, and activists, as well as His Holiness the Dalai Lama and His Holiness the Karmapa, who gathered in Dharamsala, India, for the twenty-third Mind and Life conference to discuss arguably the most urgent questions facing humanity today: What is happening to our planet? What can we do about it? How do we balance the concerns of people against the rights of animals and against the needs of an ecosystem? What is the most skillful way to enact change? And how do we fight on, even when our efforts seem to bear no fruit? Inspiring, edifying, and transformative, this should be required reading for any citizen of the world.
Ecology, Soils, and the Left
by Salvatore Engel-Di MauroSoil degradation is real and global, even if the evidence is not so easy to glean. Degradation poses comparable risks to greenhouse gas emissions, deforestation, and nonhuman animal extinctions. Few have noticed soil degradation as the problem it has become, except most indigenous peoples in their struggles for survival.
Ecology, Sustainable Development and Accounting (Routledge Explorations in Environmental Studies)
by Seleshi SisayeAccounting literature has viewed sustainability in terms of social, economic and environmental performances. There have been concerns that the relationship between sustainability, accounting and organizational performance cannot be explained unless we can deduce patterns of administrative behaviour that chronicle management practices. Ecology, Sustainable Development and Accounting argues that, despite the broader social and economic development dimensions of sustainability and the limitations of its extension to corporate and organizational behaviour; an ecological framework is capable of providing the overall societal and community chronologies that describe corporate sustainable operations. Drawing examples from international development and federal government organizations, this book documents the link between ecology, corporate sustainable development, and sustainability accounting and reporting. It draws together the literature from several disciplines to elaborate the contribution of the ecological approach to sustainable development in the accounting literature. This book will be of particular interest to students, academics and practitioners in the areas of environmental studies, ecological economics, sustainable development studies, and social and environmental accounting. The sociological and anthropological perspectives make this book the first of its kind to apply the population ecology of sociology to both the sustainability and accounting literature.