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The Equitable Forest: Diversity, Community, and Resource Management

While there continues to be refinement in defining and assessing sustainable management, there remains the urgent need for policies that create the conditions that support sustainability and can halt or slow destructive practices already underway. Carol Colfer and her contributors maintain that standardized solutions to forest problems from afar have failed to address both human and environmental needs. Such approaches, they argue, often neglect the knowledge that local stakeholders have accumulated over generations as forest managers and do not address issues involving the diversity and well-being of groups within communities. The contributors note that these problems persist despite clear evidence that equity and social relationships, including gender roles, are important factors in the ways that communities adapt to change and manage forest resources overall. The Equitable Forest offers an alternative to traditional, externally organized strategies for forest management. Termed adaptive collaborative management (ACM), the approach tries to better acknowledge the diversity, complexity, and unpredictability of human and natural systems. ACM works to strengthen local institutions and use the knowledge and capacity of groups in local communities to enhance the health and well-being of both forests and the people who live in and around them. The Equitable Forest provides a detailed explanation of the descriptive, analytical, and methodological tools of ACM, along with accounts of early stages of its implementation in tropical regions of Asia, Africa, and Latin America. Although the contributors make it clear that it is too soon to evaluate the efficacy of ACM, their work is supported by evidence that rural communities do make important contributions when involved in formal forest management; that management strategies are most effective when flexible and tailored to local contexts; and that efforts by outside governmental and nongovernmental organizations to support local management are feasible from the policymaking perspective, and desirable for their impact on human, economic, and environmental well-being.

Equity, Diversity and Interdependence: Reconnecting Governance and People through Authentic Dialogue (Perspectives On Rural Policy And Planning Ser.)

If civil society is being encouraged to more fully embrace inclusiveness and respect for diversity, then so must the multiplicity of service support organizations with which it interacts. This is the key proposition behind this seminal contribution to public policy. While legislation can ensure minimum standards of behaviour and outcomes, meaningful organizational progression beyond legal imperatives requires authentic dialogue, based on principles of equity, diversity and interdependence. These are essential components for deeper societal transformation. Using the divided society of Northern Ireland as a case study, and its rural governance arena in particular, this book provides an authoritative empirical analysis of, and prescriptive agenda for, collaborative conversations. The insights provided by this book go far beyond this region and have a profound relevance for other societies struggling to emerge from conflict, racism and social separation.

Equity in Global Health Research (Geographies of Health Series)

This thoughtful book offers unique insights on global health research, drawing attention to the equity choices embedded in day-to-day patterns and assumptions that shape how people do, think about, and navigate research. It invites readers to position equity as the driving principle and purpose of this field and presents a plethora of examples that demonstrate how to navigate the complex work of centring equity in research. This book provides foundational content on the standards of guiding equity considerations in global health, with chapters adopting cross-disciplinary methods of engaging in equity thinking and doing. Chapters explore applications of six distinct elements of the CCGHR Principles for Global Health Research, including partnering authentically, embracing inclusion, sharing benefits, committing to the future, acting on causes of inequities and practicing humility. Each chapter is accompanied with engaging reflection questions. This book is a pivotal resource for those who perform, use or support global equity health research. It will appeal to students, researchers, policy makers, professionals and funders, as well as those with an interest in and commitment to centring equity in their approaches to doing, using, or supporting health research.

Equity in the City

Equity in the City is a collection of nine studies of the way the results of public investment in urban services are shared out among city-dwellers. The essays describe the way services such as water supply, electricity, roads and parks are financed and they analyse the way certain residents receive benefits from the public purse while others don't. It examines the impact on planning and zoning and building regulation in terms of who gains the benefits from government. Equity and the city reveals scarce public resources are allocated. This book was first published in 1981

Equity in the Urban Built Environment (Routledge Studies in Urbanism and the City)

This book explores inequities in the urban built environment across a diverse range of places and considers practical solutions and strategies aimed at building more just, inclusive, and sustainable cities.Achieving more equitable and prosperous urban places requires a critical examination of the design and layout of our cities. The 16 chapters of this book illuminate the ways in which the built environment, including buildings, roads, public spaces, and other infrastructure, shapes our health and prosperity through a complex set of physical and social interactions. It brings together experts from a variety of fields to identify, and suggest workable solutions for, inequities in the spatial distribution of amenities and disamenities and the processes and policies that give rise to these unjust patterns. Blending scholarly knowledge and practical experience, many of these strategies and solutions are presented through the lens of real-world case studies. One key takeaway is that the planning of our cities should be a communal effort that properly reflects the needs of all residents. Equity in the built environment can only be realized when people of diverse backgrounds, ethnicities, ages, and abilities feel welcome to both shape and enjoy the shared public realm.This book is intended for a wide audience that primarily includes scholars, students, and professionals in the fields of urban geography, urban planning, landscape architecture, and urban studies. Professionals in urban planning and policy with a desire to advance equity goals will likely appreciate the strategies, recommendations, and best practices discussed within.

Equivalency Methods for Environmental Liability

The book is the only technical volume that explains how equivalency analysis methods mentioned in Annex II of the European Environmental Liability Directive should be implemented. It uses case studies to illustrate real-world application of the methods, which are based on the experience in the USA and in the European Union and have been tested in three years of training programs funded by the European Commission. Academically rigorous and technically comprehensive, the book is intended for technical experts wanting to assess damage and remediation options as well as for decision-makers wishing to commission such assessments and judge their quality. These include competent authorities, operators, financial security providers, academics, consultants and NGOs.

Erased by a Tornado! (Disaster Survivors)

On February 5, 2008, a powerful tornado ripped through Jackson, Tennessee, leveling everything in its path. Dangerous and unpredictable, tornadoes are monster storms that can strike without warning. With little time to find shelter, how would residents of Jackson survive the storm? Eyewitness accounts and incredible photos bring to life the experiences of ordinary people who faced catastrophic danger -and lived to tell their stories. Kids will discover the causes and characteristics of tornadoes and learn about scientific advances in storm prediction. Safety tips show young readers what to do in case a tornado hits.

Erdélyi–Kober Fractional Calculus: From a Statistical Perspective, Inspired by Solar Neutrino Physics (SpringerBriefs in Mathematical Physics #31)

This book focuses on Erdélyi–Kober fractional calculus from a statistical perspective inspired by solar neutrino physics. Results of diffusion entropy analysis and standard deviation analysis of data from the Super-Kamiokande solar neutrino experiment lead to the development of anomalous diffusion and reaction in terms of fractional calculus. The new statistical perspective of Erdélyi–Kober fractional operators outlined in this book will have fundamental applications in the theory of anomalous reaction and diffusion processes dealt with in physics.A major mathematical objective of this book is specifically to examine a new definition for fractional integrals in terms of the distributions of products and ratios of statistically independently distributed positive scalar random variables or in terms of Mellin convolutions of products and ratios in the case of real scalar variables. The idea will be generalized to cover multivariable cases as well as matrix variable cases. In the matrix variable case, M-convolutions of products and ratios will be used to extend the ideas. We then give a definition for the case of real-valued scalar functions of several matrices.

Erdmessung und Satellitengeodäsie

Das Handbuch der Geodäsie ist ein hochwertiges, wissenschaftlich fundiertes Werk über die Geodäsie unserer Zeit und bietet anhand von in sechs Bänden zusammengestellten Einzelthemen ein repräsentatives Gesamtbild des Fachgebiets. Satelliten führten zu einer Revolution in der Geodäsie. Erst mit Hilfe von Satelliten wurde die Erdmessung tatsächlich global und dreidimensional. Ozeane und Eisschilde stellen keine Hindernisse mehr dar, sie lassen sich heute mit gleicher Präzision vermessen wie die Kontinente. Verfeinerungen resultieren aus der Kombination von Raumverfahren mit terrestrischen Messmethoden. Damit gelingt es der Erdmessung, fundamentale Beiträge zum Verständnis des Erdsystems und des Klimawandels zu liefern. Voraussetzung für diese Entwicklung sind sehr moderne Messverfahren und Auswertemethoden und deren extrem genaue Verknüpfung in einem globalen erd- und raumfesten Referenzsystem. Im Band Erdmessung und Satellitengeodäsie werden exemplarisch die historischen Wurzeln, methodischen Grundlagen, verwendeten Messverfahren sowie die Forschungstrends vorgestellt.

Erhard Scheibe's Structuralism: Roots and Prospects (Fundamental Theories of Physics #213)

This book offers the first systematic review of the structuralism of physical theories. Particular emphasis is placed on the inclusion of empirical imprecision into formal reconstructions of theories. The proposed measure of imprecision allows for a topological comparison of theories. Considering the ongoing debates on the nature of the thermodynamic limit in statistical mechanics, as well as on limit relations between classical and quantum mechanics, the author asserts that the Bourbaki-style structuralism, together with E. Scheibe's theory of reduction, is the best choice for reconstructing and analyzing the related questions of reduction and emergence. Readers will appreciate the critical overview of the main positions in philosophy of science, examined with particular attention to their applicability to current problems of fundamental theories of physics.

Eric Sloane's Weather Book

The author instructs readers how to glean climate information by "reading" such natural phenomena as winds, skies, and animal sounds. A beautifully illustrated and practical treasure trove of enlightening lore for outdoorsmen, farmers, sailors, and anyone who has ever wondered whether to take an umbrella when leaving the house.

Erikson, Eskimos, and Columbus: Medieval European Knowledge of America

How did medieval Europeans have such specific geographic knowledge of North America, a land even their most daring adventurers had not yet discovered? In Erikson, Eskimos, and Columbus, James Robert Enterline presents new evidence that traces this knowledge to the cartographic skills of indigenous people of the high Arctic, who, he contends, provided the basis for medieval maps of large parts of North America. Drawing on an exhaustive chronological survey of pre-Columbian maps, including the controversial Yale Vinland Map, this book boldly challenges conventional accounts of Europe's discovery of the New World.

Erikson, Eskimos & Columbus: Medieval European Knowledge of America

This revealing analysis of Medieval cartography and native American travel upends conventional narratives about discovering the New World.For generations, American schools have taught children that Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492. But evidence shows that Leif Erikson set foot on the continent centuries earlier. As debate continues over which explorer deserves the credit, early maps of North America suggest that we may be asking the wrong questions. How did medieval Europeans have such specific geographic knowledge of North America, a land even their most daring adventurers had not yet discovered? In Erikson, Eskimos, and Columbus, James Robert Enterline presents new evidence that traces this knowledge to the cartographic skills of indigenous people of the high Arctic, who, he contends, provided the basis for medieval maps of large parts of North America. Drawing on an exhaustive chronological survey of pre-Columbian maps, including the controversial Yale Vinland Map, this book boldly challenges conventional accounts of Europe’s discovery of the New World.

Erosion: Changing Earth's Surface

Did you know that rain, waves, wind, snow, and ice can change the shape of Earth's surface? They can create valleys, sea stacks, caves, and rock arches. Learn about the natural forces of erosion and how they shape the land.

Erosion (Earth Materials and Systems)

Erosion changes Earth's natural features. It breaks down materials and can help make something new. Discover why erosion is an important part of nature!

Erosion: How Land Forms, How It Changes (Exploring Science: Earth Science Ser.)

Erosion: How Land Forms, How It Changes

Erosion is constantly changing, creating, and erasing features on Earth's surface. The issue of erosion is complex. By learning more about it, we understand when and how to prevent erosion and when to let this powerful force of nature do its work alone.

Erosion and Sedimentation

The second edition of this acclaimed, accessible textbook brings the subject of sedimentation and erosion completely up-to-date, providing an excellent primer on both fundamental concepts of sediment-transport theory and methods for practical applications. The structure of the first edition is essentially unchanged, but all the chapters have been updated, with several chapters reworked and expanded significantly. Examples of the new additions include the concept of added mass, the Modified Einstein Procedure, sediment transport by size fractions, sediment transport of sediment mixtures, and new solutions to the Einstein Integrals. Many new examples and exercises have been added. Erosion and Sedimentation is an essential textbook on the topic for students in civil and environmental engineering and the geosciences, and also as a handbook for researchers and professionals in engineering, the geosciences and the water sciences.

Erosion in Geomechanics Applied to Dams and Levees

Erosion is the most common cause of failures at earth-dams, dikes and levees, whether through overtopping and overflowing, or internal erosion and piping. This book is dedicated to the phenomenon of internal erosion and piping. It is not intended to be exhaustive on the subject, but brings together some of the latest international research and advances. Emphasis is placed on physical processes, how they can be studied in the laboratory, and how test results can be applied to levees and dams. The results from several research projects in Australia, France, the Netherlands and the United States are covered by the authors. Our aim has been to share our most recent findings with students, researchers and practitioners. Understanding the failure of an earth-dam or a levee by erosion in a unified framework, whether internal erosion or surface erosion, requires continuous research in this field. We hope that the reader will gain knowledge from this book that leads to further progress in the challenging field of the safety of levees and dams. Contents 1. State of The Art on the Likelihood of Internal Erosion of Dams and Levees by Means of Testing, Robin Fell and Jean-Jacques Fry. 2. Contact Erosion, Pierre Philippe, Rémi Beguin and Yves-Henri Faure. 3. Backward Erosion Piping, Vera Van Beek, Adam Bezuijen and Hans Sellmeijer. 4. Concentrated Leak Erosion, Stéphane Bonelli, Robin Fell and Nadia Benahmed. 5. Relationship between the Erosion Properties of Soils and Other Parameters, Robin Fell, Gregory Hanson, Gontran Herrier, Didier Marot and Tony Wahl. About the Authors Stéphane Bonelli is a Research Professor at Irstea (French Environmental Sciences and Technologies Research Institute) in Aix-en-Provence, France. He has over 20 years of teaching and research experience, and has been a member of the ICOLD (International Commission on Large Dams) European Working Group on Internal Erosion since 2005. He has participated in 19 large dam reviews in France (visual inspection, monitoring data analysis and numerical modeling). His current activities include research, teaching and consultancy, focusing on soil erosion and the processes of levee breach.

Erste Schritte in die Theoretische Physik: Verständlich erklärt vom Abiturniveau aus

Dieses Lehrbuch bietet einen einfachen Zugang zur Theoretischen Physik und realisiert einen durchgängigen Anschluss an die in der Schule erworbenen physikalisch-mathematischen Vorkenntnisse. Aus seiner Erfahrung als Diplomlehrer für Physik und Mathematik heraus ebnet der Autor den Weg in die Theoretische Physik. Er stützt sich dabei auf die folgenden Prinzipien: Viele Abbildungen und detailliert vorgerechnete Beispiele tragen wesentlich zum Verständnis der Darstellungen bei. Verwendete „Rechentricks“ werden angegeben und erläutert.Die erforderliche Mathematik wird schrittweise und ausführlich erarbeitet.Die Struktur des Lehrbuchs orientiert sich an folgenden zentralen Phänomenen und Grundbegriffen: Bewegung, Elektrizität und Magnetismus, Relativität sowie Quanten. In diesem Rahmen werden die üblichen Inhalte der Module Theoretische Mechanik, Elektrodynamik, Relativitätstheorie und Quantenmechanik verortet.Die experimentelle Basis für theoretische Ansätze wird explizit benannt, um die Besonderheiten der naturwissenschaftlichen Methode zu betonen, die sich von Autoritätsgläubigkeit sowie Spekulation deutlich abgrenzt.Auf bestehende Interpretationsprobleme der Quantenmechanik wird ausdrücklich hingewiesen. Begriffe wie „Welle-Teilchen-Dualismus“ oder „Kollaps der Wellenfunktion“ werden vermieden, da sie Missverständnisse provozieren können.Dieses Buch richtet sich an Studierende der Natur- und Ingenieurwissenschaften sowie des Lehramts, zu deren Studieninhalten mindestens ein Modul Theoretische Physik gehört. Es wendet sich auch an alle, die sich für Fragestellungen der Naturwissenschaften oder Naturphilosophie interessieren und über eine positive Einstellung zur Mathematik verfügen.

Erste Schritte in die Theoretische Physik: Verständlich erklärt vom Abiturniveau aus

Dieses Lehrbuch bietet einen einfachen Zugang zur Theoretischen Physik und realisiert einen durchgängigen Anschluss an die in der Schule erworbenen physikalisch-mathematischen Vorkenntnisse. Aus seiner Erfahrung als Diplomlehrer für Physik und Mathematik heraus ebnet der Autor den Weg in die Theoretische Physik. Er stützt sich dabei auf die folgenden Prinzipien: Viele Abbildungen und detailliert vorgerechnete Beispiele tragen wesentlich zum Verständnis der Darstellungen bei. Verwendete „Rechentricks“ werden angegeben und erläutert.Die erforderliche Mathematik wird schrittweise und ausführlich erarbeitet.Die Struktur des Lehrbuchs orientiert sich an folgenden zentralen Phänomenen und Grundbegriffen: Bewegung, Elektrizität und Magnetismus, Relativität sowie Quanten. In diesem Rahmen werden die üblichen Inhalte der Module Theoretische Mechanik, Elektrodynamik, Relativitätstheorie und Quantenmechanik verortet.Die experimentelle Basis für theoretische Ansätze wird explizit benannt, um die Besonderheiten der naturwissenschaftlichen Methode zu betonen, die sich von Autoritätsgläubigkeit sowie Spekulation deutlich abgrenzt.Auf bestehende Interpretationsprobleme der Quantenmechanik wird ausdrücklich hingewiesen. Begriffe wie „Welle-Teilchen-Dualismus“ oder „Kollaps der Wellenfunktion“ werden vermieden, da sie Missverständnisse provozieren können.Dieses Buch richtet sich an Studierende der Natur- und Ingenieurwissenschaften sowie des Lehramts, zu deren Studieninhalten mindestens ein Modul Theoretische Physik gehört. Es wendet sich auch an alle, die sich für Fragestellungen der Naturwissenschaften oder Naturphilosophie interessieren und über eine positive Einstellung zur Mathematik verfügen.Die vorliegende zweite Auflage wurde um ein Kapitel zum Phänomen Wärme mit Inhalten aus der klassischen und statistischen Thermodynamik erweitert sowie an zahlreichen Stellen ergänzt und verbessert.

Erupt! (Readers)

Kids will burst with excitement as they learn all about the science and wonder of volcanoes in this new National Geographic Kids Reader. The Level 3 text provides accessible, yet wide-ranging information for fluent readers. Plus, the book includes 100 fun facts for quick and quirky information on all kinds of volcanoes, all around the world--and even some that are out of this world! The Facts Readers series bridges the gap between short, digestible knowledge nuggets and informative sustained reading.

Eruption: The Untold Story of Mount St. Helens

Survival narrative meets scientific, natural, and social history in the riveting story of a volcanic disaster. For months in early 1980, scientists, journalists, sightseers, and nearby residents listened anxiously to rumblings in Mount St. Helens, part of the chain of western volcanoes fueled by the 700-mile-long Cascadia fault. Still, no one was prepared when an immense eruption took the top off of the mountain and laid waste to hundreds of square miles of verdant forests in southwestern Washington State. The eruption was one of the largest in human history, deposited ash in eleven U.S. states and five Canadian provinces, and caused more than one billion dollars in damage. It killed fifty-seven people, some as far as thirteen miles away from the volcano’s summit. Shedding new light on the cataclysm, author Steve Olson interweaves the history and science behind this event with page-turning accounts of what happened to those who lived and those who died. Powerful economic and historical forces influenced the fates of those around the volcano that sunny Sunday morning, including the construction of the nation’s railroads, the harvest of a continent’s vast forests, and the protection of America’s treasured public lands. The eruption of Mount St. Helens revealed how the past is constantly present in the lives of us all. At the same time, it transformed volcanic science, the study of environmental resilience, and, ultimately, our perceptions of what it will take to survive on an increasingly dangerous planet. Rich with vivid personal stories of lumber tycoons, loggers, volcanologists, and conservationists, Eruption delivers a spellbinding narrative built from the testimonies of those closest to the disaster, and an epic tale of our fraught relationship with the natural world.

Eruption!: Volcanoes And The Science Of Saving Lives (Scientists in the Field)

“At 11:35 p.m., as Radio Armero played cheerful music, a towering wave of mud and rocks bulldozed through the village, roaring like a squadron of fighter jets.” Twenty-three thousand people died in the 1985 eruption of Colombia’s Nevado del Ruiz. Today, more than one billion people worldwide live in volcanic danger zones. In this riveting nonfiction book—filled with spectacular photographs and sidebars—Rusch reveals the perilous, adrenaline-fueled, life-saving work of an international volcano crisis team (VDAP) and the sleeping giants they study, from Colombia to the Philippines, from Chile to Indonesia.

Eruptions that Shook the World

What does it take for a volcanic eruption to really shake the world? Did volcanic eruptions extinguish the dinosaurs, or help humans to evolve, only to decimate their populations with a super-eruption 73,000 years ago? Did they contribute to the ebb and flow of ancient empires, the French Revolution and the rise of fascism in Europe in the 19th century? These are some of the claims made for volcanic cataclysm. Volcanologist Clive Oppenheimer explores rich geological, historical, archaeological and palaeoenvironmental records (such as ice cores and tree rings) to tell the stories behind some of the greatest volcanic events of the past quarter of a billion years. He shows how a forensic approach to volcanology reveals the richness and complexity behind cause and effect, and argues that important lessons for future catastrophe risk management can be drawn from understanding events that took place even at the dawn of human origins.